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Leoni V, Panseri S, Giupponi L, Pavlovic R, Gianoncelli C, Coatti G, Beretta G, Giorgi A. Phytochemical profiling of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) honey and investigation of compounds related to its pollen occurrence. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5391-5406. [PMID: 38345434 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is an important nectar source for honey production in some specific habitats as well as an important crop, so the definition of the features of this kind of honey is noteworthy. However, due to its rarity on the market, red raspberry honey is poorly characterized. The aim of this work was the phytochemical characterization of honey containing red raspberry from different geographical origins, through melissopalynological analyses concurrently with untargeted metabolomics achieved with different chromatographic techniques coupled to mass spectrometry: solid-phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography/Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC-Orbitrap). RESULTS Only 4 out of the 12 samples involved in the study contained raspberry pollen as dominant pollen, although these honeys did not group in the hierarchical cluster analysis nor in the classical multidimensional scaling analyses used for data evaluation. The first result was the detection of mislabelling in two samples, which contained raspberry pollen only as minor or important minor pollen. Of the 188 compounds identified by HPLC-Orbitrap and of the 260 identified by SPME-GC-MS, 87 and 31 compounds were present in all samples, respectively. The structurally related compounds nicotinaldehyde and nicotinamide, nicotinic acid and nicotinyl alcohol were present in 100% of the samples and correlated with R. idaeus pollen count (r > 0.60, Pearson's correlation analysis). CONCLUSION This study reveals important aspects about the characterization of red raspberry honey and could give new insights on bee diet and preferences, since niacin compounds resulted interestingly to be related to the presence of red raspberry pollen. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Leoni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Panseri
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Luca Giupponi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (PROMEFA), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gloria Coatti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Giorgi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Leoni V, Panseri S, Giupponi L, Pavlovic R, Gianoncelli C, Sala S, Zeni V, Benelli G, Giorgi A. Formal analyses are fundamental for the definition of honey, a product representing specific territories and their changes: the case of North Tyrrhenian dunes (Italy). Sci Rep 2023; 13:17542. [PMID: 37845313 PMCID: PMC10579322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey is a variegate matrix depending significantly on the floral origin, and it could become an important agri-food product to valorise specific territories. Being so diverse, different analytical techniques are necessary for its description. Herein we characterized the honey produced in one of the Italian sand dunes systems hosting beekeeping activities. In terms of floristic origin, phytochemical characterization, and sensory and colour analysis, honey collected in 2021 and 2022 was comparable. Honey was polyfloral, with several pollens from dune habitat plants classified as minor. The presence of the allochthonous Amorpha fruticosa L. and the ruderal Rubus fruticosus L. pollens in the category of the secondary pollens testifies the alteration of the park vegetation. The phytochemical profile was rich in polyphenols. Other interesting compounds were coumarine derivatives, likely attributable to resin-laden plants as rockroses, long chain hydroxyacids typical of royal jelly and nicotinic acid and its analogues (2-hydroxynicotinic acid and 2-hydroxyquinoline). The above-mentioned honey showed interesting features and was a good representation of the vegetation of this area. Our study pointed out the importance of relying on multiple analytical techniques for the characterization of honey and the advisability of a technical support toward beekeepers to correctly describe and valorise their product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Leoni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048, Edolo, BS, Italy
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, Via Dell'Università, 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Luca Giupponi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048, Edolo, BS, Italy.
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, Via Dell'Università, 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Carla Gianoncelli
- Fondazione Fojanini Di Studi Superiori, Via Valeriana 32, 23100, Sondrio, Italy
| | - Stefano Sala
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048, Edolo, BS, Italy
| | - Valeria Zeni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annamaria Giorgi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy (DISAA), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (CRC Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048, Edolo, BS, Italy
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Carbonell-Rozas L, Lara FJ, García-Campaña AM. Analytical Methods Based on Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis to Determine Neonicotinoid Residues in Complex Matrices. A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-29. [PMID: 36940156 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2186700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids (NNIs) are neuro-active and systemic insecticides widely used to protect crops from pest attack. During the last decades, there has been an increase concern about their uses and toxic effects, especially to beneficial and non-target insects such as pollinators. To assess potential health hazards and the environmental impacts derived from NNIs uses, a great variety of analytical procedures for the determination of their residues and their metabolites at trace level in environmental, biological and food samples have been reported. Due to the complexity of the samples, efficient sample pretreatment methods have been developed, which include mostly clean-up and preconcentration steps. On the other hand, among the analytical techniques used for their determination, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to ultraviolet (UV) or mass spectrometry (MS) detection is the most widely used, although capillary electrophoresis (CE) has also been employed in the last years, considering some improvements in sensitivity when coupling with new MS detectors. In this review, we present a critical overview of analytical methods based on HPLC and CE reported in the last decade, discussing relevant and innovative sample treatments for the analysis of environmental, food and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carbonell-Rozas
- Department of de Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Lara
- Department of de Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana M García-Campaña
- Department of de Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Dhamole PB, Joshi N, Bhat V. A review of recent developments in sugars and polyol based soluting out separation processes. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Tu X, Yu F, Jin Q, Du C, Chen J, Yang J, He Y, Huang S, Chen W. A Simple High-Throughput Field Sample Preparation Method Based on Matrix-Induced Sugaring-Out for the Simultaneous Determination of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Phenolic Compounds in Honey. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238373. [PMID: 36500464 PMCID: PMC9738158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a high-throughput field sample preparation method was reported for the simultaneous determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and phenolic compounds in honey. Combining a simple and green homogenous liquid−liquid extraction, matrix-induced sugaring-out, with the use of a 96-deepwell plate and multichannel pipette, the proposed method showed its merits in instrument-free and high-throughput preparation. Due to the high-throughput property, the parameters of the method were rapidly and systematically studied using a constructed 4 × 2 × 4 × 3 array (sample amount × ratio of ACN:H2O × standing time × replicates) in a 96-deepwell plate. Analytical performance was fully validated, and the limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.17−1.35 μg/g and 0.51−4.14 μg/g, respectively. Recoveries were between 83.98 and 117.11%, and all the precisions were <5%. Furthermore, the developed method was successfully applied in the outdoor preparation of commercial honey samples and the in-field preparation of raw honey samples in apiary. The current work presented a simple, rapid, and high-throughput method for the field sample preparation of honey and provides a valuable strategy for the design of field and on-site sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Tu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Bee Products Processing and Application, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fengjie Yu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qian Jin
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chunping Du
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ji Yang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuchang He
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shaokang Huang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Bee Products Processing and Application, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence:
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Alkan C, Çabuk H. Matrix‐induced sugaring‐out liquid‐liquid microextraction coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruit jams. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Alkan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Hasan Çabuk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey
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Šrámková IH, Horstkotte B, Carbonell-Rozas L, Erben J, Chvojka J, Lara FJ, García-Campaña AM, Šatínský D. Nanofibrous Online Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Neonicotinoid Pesticides in River Waters. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070648. [PMID: 35877852 PMCID: PMC9319645 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nano- and microfibers were tested as potential sorbents for the extraction of five neonicotinoids from natural waters. Nanofibrous mats were prepared from polycaprolactone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene, polyamide 6, polyacrylonitrile, and polyimide, as well as microfibers of polyethylene, a polycaprolactone nano- and microfiber conjugate, and polycaprolactone microfibers combined with polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibers. Polyimide nanofibers were selected as the most suitable sorbent for these analytes and the matrix. A Lab-In-Syringe system enabled automated preconcentration via online SPE of large sample volumes at low pressure with analyte separation by HPLC. Several mat layers were housed in a solvent filter holder integrated into the injection loop of an HPLC system. After loading 2 mL sample on the sorbent, the mobile phase eluted the retained analytes onto the chromatographic column. Extraction efficiencies of 68.8–83.4% were achieved. Large preconcentration factors ranging from 70 to 82 allowed reaching LOD and LOQ values of 0.4 to 1.7 and 1.2 to 5.5 µg·L−1, respectively. Analyte recoveries from spiked river waters ranged from 53.8% to 113.3% at the 5 µg·L−1 level and from 62.8% to 119.8% at the 20 µg·L−1 level. The developed methodology proved suitable for the determination of thiamethoxam, clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiacloprid, whereas matrix peak overlapping inhibited quantification of acetamiprid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana H. Šrámková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (B.H.); (D.Š.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-067-183
| | - Burkhard Horstkotte
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (B.H.); (D.Š.)
| | - Laura Carbonell-Rozas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuente Nueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (L.C.-R.); (F.J.L.); (A.M.G.-C.)
| | - Jakub Erben
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic; (J.E.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiří Chvojka
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic; (J.E.); (J.C.)
| | - Francisco J. Lara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuente Nueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (L.C.-R.); (F.J.L.); (A.M.G.-C.)
| | - Ana M. García-Campaña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuente Nueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (L.C.-R.); (F.J.L.); (A.M.G.-C.)
| | - Dalibor Šatínský
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (B.H.); (D.Š.)
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8
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Dispersive Membrane Microextraction of Substituted Phenols from Honey Samples and a Brief Outlook on Its Sustainability Using Analytical Eco-Scale and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070649. [PMID: 35877851 PMCID: PMC9321667 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Honey is part and parcel of our daily nutrition, but in recent times it has been reported to be tainted by the presence of polar substituted phenols purported from the use of pesticides, herbicides, antimicrobial agents, etc. Honey’s viscous nature and matrix complexity often result in analytical chemists resorting to derivatization for the detection of polar analytes such as substituted phenols. This study aims to overcome the matrix effect without derivatization and offer a more sustainable solution with notable sensitivity and selectivity using dispersive membrane microextraction alongside high-performance liquid chromatography (DMME–HPLC) with sporopollenin–methylimidazolium-based mixed matrix membrane (Sp–MIM-MMM). The DMME–HPLC approach successfully determined the presence of mono- and disubstituted phenols from unspiked honey samples with concentrations ranging from 7.8 to 154.7 ng/mL. The sustainability of the proposed method was also validated using the Analytical Eco-Scale (AES) and the Analytical GREEnness Metric (AGREE) where an excellent score of 94 and the encouraging score of 0.72 were recorded, respectively.
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Li A, Wang F, Tao L, Ma C, Bi L, Song M, Jiang G. Rapid and simultaneous determination of multiple endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their metabolites in human serum and urine samples. Talanta 2022; 248:123639. [PMID: 35661003 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenols, parabens, and their metabolites are a group of chemical compounds with a wide range of polarities but similar chemical structures, which presents a challenge for the simultaneous determination of these compounds in complex biological samples. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous quantification of free bisphenol A (BPA), conjugated BPA, bisphenols, and parabens analogs was developed using solid-phase extraction (SPE) tandem liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). We compared the effects of different types of SPE cartridges, diluents, and LLE solvents on the analyte recovery. Utilizing the direct and indirect determination methods (enzyme hydrolysis), we confirmed the accuracy of the direct method for measuring BPA glucuronide and BPA disulfate. The method enabled the analysis of 24 endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in one injection through UHPLC-MSMS measurements, with satisfactory recovery (mean: 91.8-98.6% for urine, 80.2%-96.8% for serum) and precision (RSD <15%). The LOD and LOQ values were 0.003 and 0.01 ng/mL for serum, and 0.002 and 0.006 ng/mL for urine samples, respectively. For real sample analysis, the median concentration of analytes in serum and urine samples ranged from 0.04 ng/mL (BPS) to 56.4 ng/mL (4-HB) and 0.11 ng/mL (BPA) to 136 ng/mL (4-HB), respectively. This method provides a new strategy to simultaneously identify compounds with a wide range of polarities from complicated biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fengbang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Le Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Lei Bi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Maoyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Abdallah IA, Hammad SF, Bedair A, Mansour FR. Sugaring-out induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction as an alternative mode for biological sample preparation: A comparative study. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3117-3125. [PMID: 34101992 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturization of liquid-liquid extraction is a growing field of sample preparation to reduce solvent consumption, protect the environment, and preserve operators' health. In this work, four different modes of liquid-liquid microextraction have been compared including dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, binary and ternary salting-out, and sugaring-out induced liquid-liquid microextraction. The extraction efficiency was evaluated by the enrichment factors of 14 different drugs from three pharmacological classes. Compared with the other modes, sugaring-out induced liquid-liquid microextraction was found to be the most efficient and, thus, it was applied for sample preparation of the antivirals in human plasma. Method optimization was performed using response surface methodology for the sugar type and amount (in mg), the sample pH, the equilibration time (in min), and the extractant volume (in µL). The method was then validated and found linear in the concentration range of 0.10-10 µg/mL for daclatasvir, 0.05-10 µg/mL for velpatasvir, and 0.20-10 µg/mL for ledipasvir, with correlation coefficients in the range 0.996-0.999. These results shows that sugaring-out induced liquid-liquid microextraction could be a more efficient microextraction mode for preparation of biological samples. Compared with other types of microextraction, sugaring-out induced liquid-liquid microextraction is greener, simpler, and cost-effective, with less tendency to affect the sample pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas A Abdallah
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Sherin F Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Alaa Bedair
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Fotouh R Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Services Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Rusko J, Vainovska P, Vilne B, Bartkevics V. Phenolic profiles of raw mono- and polyfloral honeys from Latvia. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Tu X, Chen W. Miniaturized Salting-Out Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction Combined with Disposable Pipette Extraction for Fast Sample Preparation of Neonicotinoid Pesticides in Bee Pollen. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235703. [PMID: 33287211 PMCID: PMC7729831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the main source of nutrients for the important pollinator honeybee, bee pollen is crucial for the health of the honeybee and the agro-ecosystem. In the present study, a new sample preparation procedure has been developed for the determination of neonicotinoid pesticides in bee pollen. The neonicotinoid pesticides were extracted using miniaturized salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (mini-SALLE), followed by disposable pipette extraction (DPX) for the clean-up of analytes. Effects of DPX parameters on the clean-up performance were systematically investigated, including sorbent types (PSA, C18, and silica gel), mass of sorbent, loading modes, and elution conditions. In addition, the clean-up effect of classical dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) was compared with that of the DPX method. Results indicated that PSA-based DPX showed excellent clean-up ability for the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of neonicotinoid pesticides in bee pollen. The proposed DPX method was fully validated and demonstrated to provide the advantage of simple and rapid clean-up with low consumption of solvent. This is the first report of DPX method applied in bee pollen matrix, and would be valuable for the development of a fast sample preparation method for this challenging and important matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Tu
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence:
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Tu X, Chen W. Overview of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Neonicotinoid Pesticides in Honeybee Products and Honeybee. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:329-338. [PMID: 32072823 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1728516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides are widely applied for controlling pests in a variety of agriculture crops. Due to the systemic distribution in plants, neonicotinoid pesticides have been found in nectar and pollen, which are the main source of food for the important pollinator honeybee. The risk of neonicotinoid residues in honeybee products and honeybee has caused great attention since their impacts on the environment, ecology, and food safety issues. These concerns require the accurate and sensitive determination of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in the honeybee products and honeybee. Since the trace residue level of neonicotinoid and the complexity of the samples, analysis of neonicotinoid targets in these important matrices is still a great challenge. The present review provides general overview of analytical methods for the determination of neonicotinoid pesticides and their metabolites in honeybee products and honeybee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Tu
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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