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Wang H, Hunter R, Zhang Q, Yu H, Wang J, Yue Y, Geng L, Wu N. The application of marine polysaccharides to antitumor nanocarriers. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122407. [PMID: 39048201 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has revolutionized the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of biomedical diseases, in which nanocarriers have greatly improved the targeting and bioavailability of antitumor drugs. The marine natural polysaccharides fucoidan, chitosan, alginate, carrageenan and porphyran have broad-spectrum bioactivities and unique physicochemical properties such as excellent non-toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and reproducibility, which have placed them as a principal focus in the nanocarrier field. Nanocarriers based on different types of marine polysaccharides are distinctive in addressing antitumor therapeutic challenges such as targeting, environmental responsiveness, drug resistance, tissue toxicity, enhancing diagnostic imaging, overcoming the first-pass effect and innovative 3D binding. Additionally, they all share the possibility of relatively easy chemical modification, while their separation into well-defined derivatives provide innovative structure-activity relationship possibilities. Liposomes, nanoparticles and polymer-micelles constructed from them can efficiently deliver drugs such as paclitaxel, gemcitabine, siRNA and others, which are widely used in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, nucleic acid therapy and photothermal therapy, yet there are still infinite possibilities for innovation and exploration. This article reviews the recent advances and challenges of marine polysaccharide-based delivery systems as oncology drug nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Roger Hunter
- Chemistry Department, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Quanbin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haoyu Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Yue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lihua Geng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ning Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Xiang Q, Hao Y, Xia Z, Liao M, Rao X, Lao S, He Q, Ma C, Liao W. Biomedical applications and nutritional value of specific food-derived polysaccharide-based hydrogels. Adv Nutr 2024:100309. [PMID: 39349098 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Food-derived polysaccharide-based hydrogels (FPBHs), which are composed of polysaccharides derived from food sources exhibit great potential for biomedical applications. The FPBHs possess a wide range of biological activities and can be utilized in the treatment of various clinical diseases. However, the majority of research efforts have predominantly focused on non-specific polysaccharides derived from various sources (most plants, animals, and microorganisms), while the exploration of hydrogels originating from specific polysaccharides with distinct bioactivity extracted from natural food sources remains limited. In this review, a comprehensive search was conducted across three major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline) until 7th Apr 2024 to include 32 studies that employed FPBHs for biomedical applications. This review provides an overview of hydrogels based on specific food-derived polysaccharides by summarizing their types, sources, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and biological activities. The crosslinking strategies employed in the fabrication of FPBHs were demonstrated. The attributes and characteristics of FPBHs were delined, including their physical, chemical, and functional properties. Of particular note, the review highlights in vivo and in vitro studies exploring the biomedical applications of FPBHs and delve into the nutritional value of specific food-derived polysaccharides. The challenges encountered in basic research involving FPBHs were enumerated as well as limitation in their clinical practice. Finally, the potential market outlook for FPBHs in the future was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Xiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuting Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zijun Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Liao
- Disease Research, First clinical medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinkai Rao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenghui Lao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi He
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congshun Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zafeiriadis S, Adamaki-Sotiraki C, Rumbos CI, Athanassiou CG. Beyond carrots: Evaluation of gelling agents as wet feeds for Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142783. [PMID: 38972459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), need a source of moisture to grow and perform well. Currently, much research has been oriented towards the effect of dry feed on larval growth and performance. The effect of different wet feeds as moisture source on the performance traits of T. molitor larvae has not been thoroughly investigated yet. This study aims to investigate in laboratory trials the effect of various gelling agents (agar, carrageenans, guar gum, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, modified starch, and pectin) on the growth and performance of T. molitor larvae. A number of 50 newly emerged larvae obtained from the rearings of the LEAZ were inserted in plastic vials together with 4 g of wheat bran as dry feed. Additionally, 1 g of gelling agents was provided 3 times per week as moisture sources. Carrot slices served as control. Larval survival and weight were recorded weekly until the appearance of the first pupa. Dry feed was replenished when depleted. Our data showed that gelling agents efficiently supported the growth of T. molitor larvae, in terms of larval survival and weight, as well as feed utilization expressed as FCR. Interestingly, carrageenans seem to be the most appropriate gelling agent for T. molitor larvae rearing as it can enhance their weight and is also able to reduce their development time and their specific growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zafeiriadis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece.
| | - C Adamaki-Sotiraki
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - C I Rumbos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - C G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
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Pereira DT, García-García P, Korbee N, Vega J, Señoráns FJ, Figueroa FL. Optimizing the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Porphyra linearis (Rhodophyta): Evaluating Alkaline and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Nutraceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:284. [PMID: 38921595 PMCID: PMC11204741 DOI: 10.3390/md22060284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyra sensu lato is one of the most economically significant and widely cultured and consumed algae in the world. Porphyra species present excellent nutraceutic properties due to their bioactive compounds (BACs). This research aimed to find the most efficient aqueous extraction method for BACs by examining alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis. Alkaline hydrolysis with 2.5% sodium carbonate (SC) and at 80 °C proved optimal for extracting all BACs (phycobiliproteins, soluble proteins, polyphenols, and carbohydrates) except mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), which were best extracted with water only, and at 80 °C. Enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly with the 'Miura' enzymatic cocktail (cellulase, xylanase, glycoside hydrolase, and β-glucanase), showed superior results in extracting phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC), soluble proteins, and carbohydrates, with increases of approximately 195%, 510%, 890%, and 65%, respectively, compared to the best alkaline hydrolysis extraction (2.5% SC and 80 °C). Phenolic content analysis showed no significant difference between the 'Miura' cocktail and 2.5% SC treatments. Antioxidant activity was higher in samples from alkaline hydrolysis, while extraction of MAAs showed no significant difference between water-only and 'Miura' treatments. The study concludes that enzymatic hydrolysis improves the efficiency of BACs extraction in P. linearis, highlighting its potential for the nutraceutical industry, and especially with respect to MAAs for topical and oral UV-photoprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Tomazi Pereira
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Paz García-García
- Group of Bioactive Extracts and Healthy Lipids, Faculty of Sciences, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (F.J.S.)
| | - Nathalie Korbee
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Julia Vega
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Francisco J. Señoráns
- Group of Bioactive Extracts and Healthy Lipids, Faculty of Sciences, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (F.J.S.)
| | - Félix L. Figueroa
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
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Kimilu N, Gładyś-Cieszyńska K, Pieszko M, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Folwarski M. Carrageenan in the Diet: Friend or Foe for Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Nutrients 2024; 16:1780. [PMID: 38892712 PMCID: PMC11174395 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
While the exact pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, genetic, environmental and nutritional factors as well as the composition of the gut microbiome play crucial roles. Food additives, which are increasingly consumed in the Western diet, are being investigated for their potential effects on IBD. These additives can affect gut health by altering the composition of the microbiota, immune responses, and intestinal permeability, contributing to autoimmune diseases and inflammation. Despite the growing number of studies on food additives and IBD, the specific effects of carrageenan have not yet been sufficiently researched. This review addresses this gap by critically analyzing recent studies on the effects of carrageenan on the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and inflammatory processes. We searched the MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases using the following terms: carrageenan, carrageenan and inflammatory bowel disease, carrageenan and cancer, food additives and microbiome, food additives and intestinal permeability, and food additives and autoimmune diseases. In animal studies, degraded carrageenan has been shown to trigger intestinal ulceration and inflammation, highlighting its potential risk for exacerbating IBD. It can affect the gut microbiota, reduce bacterial diversity, and increase intestinal permeability, contributing to "leaky gut" syndrome. Some studies suggest that carrageenan may inhibit the growth of cancer cells by influencing the progression of the cell cycle, but the anti-cancer effect is still unclear. Carrageenan may also increase glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to determine whether carrageenan should be excluded from the diet of individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kimilu
- Students’ Scientific Circle of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Pieszko
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland (M.P.)
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Folwarski
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland (M.P.)
- Home Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Unit, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland
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Prokopiuk V, Onishchenko A, Tryfonyuk L, Posokhov Y, Gorbach T, Kot Y, Kot K, Maksimchuk P, Nakonechna O, Tkachenko A. Marine Polysaccharides Carrageenans Enhance Eryptosis and Alter Lipid Order of Cell Membranes in Erythrocytes. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:747-766. [PMID: 38334853 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Aim In the current study, hemocompatibility of three major commercially available types of carrageenans (ι, κ and λ) was investigated focusing on eryptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Carrageenans of ι-, κ- and λ-types were incubated with washed erythrocytes (hematocrit 0.4%) at 0-1-5-10 g/L for either 24 h or 48 h. Incubation was followed by flow cytometry-based quantitative analysis of eryptosis parameters, including cell volume, cell membrane scrambling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation markers and confocal microscopy-based evaluation of intracellular Ca2+ levels, assessment of lipid order in cell membranes and the glutathione antioxidant system. Confocal microscopy was used to assess carrageenan cellular internalization using rhodamine B isothiocyanate-conjugated carrageenans. RESULTS All three types of carrageenans were found to trigger eryptosis. Pro-eryptotic properties were type-dependent and λ-carrageenan had the strongest impact inducing phosphatidylserine membrane asymmetry, changes in cell volume, Ca2+ signaling and oxidative stress characterized by ROS overproduction, activation of lipid peroxidation and severe glutathione system depletion. Eryptosis induction by carrageenans does not require their uptake by erythrocytes. Changes in physicochemical properties of cell membrane were also type-dependent. No carrageenan-induced generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals was observed in cell-free milieu. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ι-, κ- and λ-types trigger eryptosis in a type-dependent manner and indicate that carrageenans can be further investigated as potential eryptosis-regulating therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Prokopiuk
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Cryobiochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61015, Ukraine
| | - Anatolii Onishchenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Liliya Tryfonyuk
- Institute of Health, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, 11 Soborna st, 33000, Rivne, Ukraine
| | - Yevgen Posokhov
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, Paints and Coatings, The National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", 2 Kyrpychova st, 61000, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Gorbach
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Yurii Kot
- Department of Biochemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody sq., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Kot
- Department of Biochemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody sq., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavel Maksimchuk
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky ave, 61072, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Nakonechna
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Anton Tkachenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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Wu GJ, Hsiao PW. Assessment of Anti-Prostate Cancer Activity among Four Seaweeds, with Focus on Caulerpa lentillifera J.Agardh. Foods 2024; 13:1411. [PMID: 38731782 PMCID: PMC11083060 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to a global shift towards health-conscious and environmentally sustainable food choices, seaweed has emerged as a focus for researchers due to its large-scale cultivation potential and the development of bioactive substances. This research explores the potential anticancer properties of seaweed extracts, focusing on analyzing the impact of four common edible seaweeds in Taiwan on prostate cancer (PCa) cells' activity. The study used bioassay-guided fractionation to extract Cl80 from various seaweeds with androgen receptor (AR)-inhibitory activity. Cl80 demonstrated effective suppression of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced AR activity in 103E cells and attenuated the growth and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein expression in LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells. Additionally, Cl80 exhibited differential effects on various PCa cell lines. Concentrations above 5 μg/mL significantly inhibited LNCaP cell proliferation, while 22Rv1 cells were more resistant to Cl80. PC-3 cell proliferation was inhibited at 5 μg/mL but not completely at 50 μg/mL. A clonogenic assay showed that at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL, the colony formation in LNCaP and PC-3 cells was significantly reduced, with a dose-dependent effect. Cl80 induced apoptosis in all PCa cell types, especially in LNCaP cells, with increased apoptotic cells observed at higher concentrations. Cl80 also decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in a dose-dependent manner in all PCa cell lines. Furthermore, Cl80 suppressed the migration ability of PCa cells, with significant reductions observed in LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells at various concentrations. These compelling findings highlight the promising therapeutic potential of C. lentillifera J.Agardh and its isolated compound Cl80 in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-James Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Magong 880011, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan;
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Marunganathan V, Kumar MSK, Kari ZA, Giri J, Shaik MR, Shaik B, Guru A. Marine-derived κ-carrageenan-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and apoptosis induction in oral cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:89. [PMID: 38184807 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kappaphycus alvarezii, a marine red algae species, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its versatile bioactive compounds. Among these, κ-carrageenan (CR), a sulfated polysaccharide, exhibits remarkable antimicrobial properties. This study emphasizes the synergism attained by functionalizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with CR, thereby enhancing its antimicrobial efficacy and target specificity against dental pathogens. METHODS In this study, we synthesized ZnO-CR NPs and characterized them using SEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques to authenticate their composition and structural attributes. Moreover, our investigation revealed that ZnO-CR NPs possess better free radical scavenging capabilities, as evidenced by their effective activity in the DPPH and ABTS assay. RESULTS The antimicrobial properties of ZnO-CR NPs were systematically assessed using a zone of inhibition assay against dental pathogens of S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis, and C. albicans, demonstrating their substantial inhibitory effects at a minimal concentration of 50 μg/mL. We elucidated the interaction between CR and the receptors of dental pathogens to further understand their mechanism of action. The ZnO-CR NPs demonstrated a dose-dependent anticancer effect at concentrations of 5 μg/mL, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL on KB cells, a type of Human Oral Epidermal Carcinoma. The mechanism by which ZnO-CA NPs induced apoptosis in KB cells was determined by observing an increase in the expression of the BCL-2, BAX, and P53 genes. CONCLUSION Our findings unveil the promising potential of ZnO-CR NPs as a candidate with significant utility in dental applications. The demonstrated biocompatibility, potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic activity, along with impressive antimicrobial efficacy position these NPs as a valuable resource in the ongoing fight against dental pathogens and oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Marunganathan
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Malaysia
- Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Malaysia
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baji Shaik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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Alzahrani AR, Ibrahim IAA, Shahzad N, Shahid I, Alanazi IM, Falemban AH, Azlina MFN. An application of carbohydrate polymers-based surface-modified gold nanoparticles for improved target delivery to liver cancer therapy - A systemic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126889. [PMID: 37714232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles have been broadly investigated as cancer diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Gold nanoparticles are a favorable drug delivery vehicle with their unique subcellular size and good biocompatibility. Chitosan, agarose, fucoidan, porphyran, carrageenan, ulvan and alginate are all examples of biologically active macromolecules. Since they are biocompatible, biodegradable, and irritant-free, they find extensive application in biomedical and macromolecules. The versatility of these compounds is enhanced because they are amenable to modification by functional groups like sulfation, acetylation, and carboxylation. In an eco-friendly preparation process, the biocompatibility and targeting of GNPs can be improved by functionalizing them with polysaccharides. This article provides an update on using carbohydrate-based GNPs in liver cancer treatment, imaging, and drug administration. Selective surface modification of several carbohydrate types and further biological uses of GNPs are focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah R Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naiyer Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Shahid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Hisham Falemban
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
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10
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Kee PE, Phang SM, Lan JCW, Tan JS, Khoo KS, Chang JS, Ng HS. Tropical Seaweeds as a Sustainable Resource Towards Circular Bioeconomy: Insights and Way Forward. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00940-7. [PMID: 37938536 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are photosynthetic marine macroalgae known for their rapid biomass growth and their significant contributions to global food and feed production. Seaweeds play a crucial role in mitigating various environmental issues, including greenhouse gases, ocean acidification, hypoxia, and eutrophication. Tropical seaweeds are typically found in tropical and subtropical coastal zones with warmer water temperatures and abundant sunlight. These tropical seaweeds are rich sources of proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibers, polysaccharides, and bioactive compounds, contributing to their health-promoting properties and their diverse applications across a range of industries. The productivity, cultivability, nutritional quality, and edibility of tropical seaweeds have been well-documented. This review article begins with an introduction to the growth conditions of selected tropical seaweeds. Subsequently, the multifunctional properties of tropical seaweeds including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anti-carcinogenic and anti-proliferative, anti-viral, therapeutic and preventive properties were comprehensively evaluated. The potential application of tropical seaweeds as functional foods and feeds, as well as their contributions to sustainable cosmetics, bioenergy, and biofertilizer production were also highlighted. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers involved in seaweed farming as it provides current knowledge and insights into the cultivation and utilization of seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phei Er Kee
- Centre for Research and Graduate Studies, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Moi Phang
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - John Chi-Wei Lan
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan.
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
| | - Joo Shun Tan
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Suan Ng
- Centre for Research and Graduate Studies, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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James J, Verma M, Sharma N. Nanotechnology-driven improvisation of red algae-derived carrageenan for industrial and bio-medical applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:4. [PMID: 37923917 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Algae biomass has been recognized as feedstock with diverse application including production of biofuel, biofertilizer, animal feed, wastewater treatment and bioremediation. In addition, algae species are a potential reservoir of metabolites and polymers with potential to be utilized for biomedicine, healthcare and industrial purposes. Carrageenan is one such medicinally and industrially significant polysaccharide which is extracted from red algae species (Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum, among the common species). The extraction process of carrageenan is affected by different environmental factors and the source of biomass, which can vary and significantly impact the yield. Diverse applications of carrageenan include hydrogel beads, bio-composites, pharmacological properties, application in cosmetics, food and related industries. Carrageenan biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities are significantly influenced by sulfation pattern, yield percentage and molecular weight. In addition to natural biomedical potential of carrageenan, synergetic effect of carrageenan- nanocomposites exhibit potential for further improvisation of biomedical applications. Nanotechnology driven bio-composites of carrageenan remarkably improve the quality of films, food packaging, and drug delivery systems. Such nano bio-composites exhibit enhanced stability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, making them suitable alternatives for drug delivery, wound-healing, and tissue engineering applications. The present work is a comprehensive study to analyze biomedical and other applications of Carrageenan along with underlying mechanism or mode of action along with synergetic application of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerin James
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Monu Verma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Nishesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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Murakami S, Hirazawa C, Mizutani T, Ohya T, Yoshikawa R, Ma N, Ikemori T, Ito T, Matsuzaki C. Edible Red Seaweed Hypnea asiatica Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases in Mice. J Med Food 2023; 26:799-808. [PMID: 37939270 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease, are dramatically increasing around the world. Seaweed is low in calories and rich in many active ingredients that are necessary for maintaining good health, and is expected to be effective for preventing metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a traditional Japanese edible seaweed Hypnea asiatica (H. asiatica) on obesity, using a mouse model. H. asiatica was dried and powdered, mixed with a high-fat diet, and fed to male C57BL/6J mice for 13 weeks. On the last day of the experiment, blood samples were collected under anesthesia and biochemical parameters such as lipids and adipokines were measured. Liver and adipose tissue were excised, weighed, and oxidant/antioxidant parameters were measured. Some mice were perfused with a fixative solution containing formalin, and tissue specimens were prepared. A glucose tolerance test was used to assess insulin resistance. The inhibition of lipase activity was evaluated in vitro. Thirteen-week supplementation with H. asiatica suppressed body weight gain, body fat accumulation, and blood glucose levels. H. asiatica also improved fatty liver and hypercholesterolemia, and reduced the oxidant and inflammatory parameters of serum and liver. H. asiatica increased fecal triglyceride excretion and polyphenol-rich ethanol extract of H. asiatica inhibited lipase activity in vitro. These results suggest that polysaccharides and polyphenols in H. asiatica may ameliorate obesity and diabetes by inhibiting intestinal fat absorption and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. H. asiatica may be useful in preventing metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Murakami
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
- Fukui Bioincubation Center, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Chihiro Hirazawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mizutani
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Rina Yoshikawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Ning Ma
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Takahiko Ikemori
- Ishikawa Prefecture Fisheries Division, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
- Fukui Bioincubation Center, Fukui Prefectural University, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Chiaki Matsuzaki
- Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
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Kumar R, Chhikara BS, Er Zeybekler S, Gupta DS, Kaur G, Chhillar M, Aggarwal AK, Rahdar A. Nanotoxicity of multifunctional stoichiometric cobalt oxide nanoparticles (SCoONPs) with repercussions toward apoptosis, necrosis, and cancer necrosis factor (TNF-α) at nano-biointerfaces. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:716-740. [PMID: 37915472 PMCID: PMC10615831 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Apoptosis, necrosis, and cancer necrosis factor (TNF-a) are all impacted by the nanotoxicity of multifunctional stoichiometric cobalt oxide nanoparticles (SCoONPs) at nano-biointerfaces. The creation of multi-functional nanoparticles has had a considerable impact on the transport of drugs and genes, nanotheranostics (in-vivo imaging, concurrent diagnostics), interventions for external healing, the creation of nano-bio interfaces, and the instigation of desired changes in nanotherapeutics. Objectives The quantitative structure-activity relationships, chemical transformations, biological interactions as well as toxicological analyses are considered as main objectives. Discrete dimensions of SCoNPs-cell interaction interfaces, their characteristic physical features (size, shape, shell structure, and surface chemistry), impact on cell proliferation and differentiation are the key factors responsible for nanotoxicity. Methods The development of multi-functional nanoparticles has been significant in drug/gene delivery, nanotheranostics (in-vivo imaging, coinciding diagnostics), and external healing interventions, designing a nano-bio interface, as well as inciting desired alterations in nanotherapeutics. Every so often, the cellular uptake of multi-functional cobalt [Co, CoO, Co2(CO)8 and Co3O4] nanoparticles (SCoONPs) influences cellular mechanics and initiates numerous repercussions (oxidative stress, DNA damage, cytogenotoxicity, and chromosomal damage) in pathways, including the generation of dysregulating factors involved in biochemical transformations. Results The concerns and influences of multifunctional SCoNPs on different cell mechanisms (mitochondria impermeability, hydrolysis of ATP, the concentration of Ca2+, impaired calcium clearance, defective autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis), and interlinked properties (adhesion, motility, and internalization dynamics, role in toxicity, surface hydrophilic and hydrophobicity, biokinetics and biomimetic behaviors of biochemical reactions) have also been summarized. SCoONPs have received a lot of interest among the nanocarriers family because of its advantageous qualities such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and nonimmunogenicity. Conclusion Various applications, such as bio-imaging, cell labeling, gene delivery, enhanced chemical stability, and increased biocompatibility, concerning apoptosis, necrosis, and nano-bio interfaces, along with suitable examples. In this analysis, the multi-functional cobalt [Co, CoO, Co2(CO)8 and Co3O4] nanoparticles (SCoNPs) intricacies (cytogenotoxicity, clastogenicity, and immunomodulatory), nanotoxicity, and associated repercussions have been highlighted and explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar
- University of Delhi, Mall Road, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Bhupender S Chhikara
- Department of Chemistry, Aditi Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi, Auchandi Road, Bawana, Delhi 110039, India
| | - Simge Er Zeybekler
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Hastanesi 9/3A 35100 Bornova-Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Dhruv Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | | | - Anil K Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Ring Road, Raja Garden, New Delhi 110027, India
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Sistan va Baluchestan, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
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Raghav N, Vashisth C, Mor N, Arya P, Sharma MR, Kaur R, Bhatti SP, Kennedy JF. Recent advances in cellulose, pectin, carrageenan and alginate-based oral drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125357. [PMID: 37327920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymers-based drug delivery systems constitute one of the highly explored thrust areas in the field of the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries. In the past years, the properties of polymers have been modified in context to their solubility, release kinetics, targeted action site, absorption, and therapeutic efficacy. Despite the availability of diverse synthetic polymers for the bioavailability enhancement of drugs, the use of natural polymers is still highly recommended due to their easy availability, accessibility, and non-toxicity. The aim of the review is to provide the available literature of the last five years on oral drug delivery systems based on four natural polymers i.e., cellulose, pectin, carrageenan, and alginate in a concise and tabulated manner. In this review, most of the information is in tabulated form to provide easy accessibility to the reader. The data related to active pharmaceutical ingredients and supported components in different formulations of the mentioned polymers have been made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neera Raghav
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
| | - Chanchal Vashisth
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Nitika Mor
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Priyanka Arya
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Manishita R Sharma
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | | | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech laboratories Ltd, Tenbury Wells, WR15 8FF, United Kingdom.
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El-Ghoul Y, Al-Fakeh MS, Al-Subaie NS. Synthesis and Characterization of a New Alginate/Carrageenan Crosslinked Biopolymer and Study of the Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Performance of Its Mn(II), Fe(III), Ni(II), and Cu(II) Polymeric Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112511. [PMID: 37299310 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are essential to a wide range of fields, including medicine, food, and cosmetics, for their various physiochemical and biological properties. However, they still have adverse effects limiting their further applications. Consequently, possible structural modifications should be carried out on the polysaccharides for their valorization. Recently, polysaccharides complexed with metal ions have been reported to enhance their bioactivities. In this paper, we synthesized a new crosslinked biopolymer based on sodium alginate (AG) and carrageenan (CAR) polysaccharides. The biopolymer was then exploited to form complexes with different metal salts including MnCl2·4H2O, FeCl3·6H2O, NiCl2·6H2O, and CuCl2·2H2O. The four polymeric complexes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity methods, and thermogravimetric analysis. The X-ray crystal structure of the Mn(II) complex is tetrahedral and belongs to the monoclinic crystal system with the space group P121/n1. The Fe(III) complex is octahedral and crystal data fit with the cubic crystal system with the space group Pm-3m. The Ni(II) complex is tetrahedral and crystal data correspond to the cubic crystal arrangement with the space group Pm-3m. The data estimated for the Cu(II) polymeric complex revealed that it is tetrahedral and belongs to the cubic system with the space group Fm-3m. The antibacterial study showed significant activity of all the complexes against both Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) pathogenic strains. Similarly, the various complexes revealed an antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The Cu(II) polymeric complex recorded a higher antimicrobial activity with an inhibitory zone reaching 4.5 cm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and the best antifungal effect of 4 cm. Furthermore, higher antioxidant values of the four complexes were obtained with DPPH scavenging activity varying from 73 to 94%. The two more biologically effective complexes were then selected for the viability cell assessments and in vitro anticancer assays. The polymeric complexes revealed excellent cytocompatibility with normal human breast epithelial cells (MCF10A) and a high anticancer potential with human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) which increase significantly in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine El-Ghoul
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Textile Engineering Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Maged S Al-Fakeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Taiz University, Taiz 3086, Yemen
| | - Nora S Al-Subaie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Mirata S, Asnaghi V, Chiantore M, Salis A, Benvenuti M, Damonte G, Scarfì S. Photoprotective and Anti-Aging Properties of the Apical Frond Extracts from the Mediterranean Seaweed Ericaria amentacea. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:306. [PMID: 37233500 PMCID: PMC10224410 DOI: 10.3390/md21050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using brown algal extracts thanks to the bioactive substances they produce for adaptation to the marine benthic environment. We evaluated the anti-aging and photoprotective properties of two types of extracts (50%-ethanol and DMSO) obtained from different portions, i.e., apices and thalli, of the brown seaweed, Ericaria amentacea. The apices of this alga, which grow and develop reproductive structures during summer when solar radiation is at its peak, were postulated to be rich in antioxidant compounds. We determined the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of their extracts and compared them to the thallus-derived extracts. All the extracts contained polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidants and showed significant biological activities. The hydroalcoholic apices extracts demonstrated the highest pharmacological potential, likely due to the higher content of meroditerpene molecular species. They blocked toxicity in UV-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes and L929 fibroblasts and abated the oxidative stress and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, typically released after sunburns. Furthermore, the extracts showed anti-tyrosinase and anti-hydrolytic skin enzyme activity, counteracting the collagenase and hyaluronidase degrading activities and possibly slowing down the formation of uneven pigmentation and wrinkles in aging skin. In conclusion, the E. amentacea apices derivatives constitute ideal components for counteracting sunburn symptoms and for cosmetic anti-aging lotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mirata
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.M.); (A.S.); (M.B.); (G.D.)
- Centro 3R, Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the Principles of the 3Rs in Teaching and Research, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Asnaghi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (V.A.); (M.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Chiantore
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (V.A.); (M.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Salis
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.M.); (A.S.); (M.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Mirko Benvenuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.M.); (A.S.); (M.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianluca Damonte
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.M.); (A.S.); (M.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Sonia Scarfì
- Centro 3R, Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the Principles of the 3Rs in Teaching and Research, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (V.A.); (M.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Sharma A, Kaur I, Dheer D, Nagpal M, Kumar P, Venkatesh DN, Puri V, Singh I. A propitious role of marine sourced polysaccharides: Drug delivery and biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 308:120448. [PMID: 36813329 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous compounds, with extensive applications in biomedical and biotechnological fields, are present in the oceans, which serve as a prime renewable source of natural substances, further promoting the development of novel medical systems and devices. Polysaccharides are present in the marine ecosystem in abundance, promoting minimal extraction costs, in addition to their solubility in extraction media, and an aqueous solvent, along with their interactions with biological compounds. Certain algae-derived polysaccharides include fucoidan, alginate, and carrageenan, while animal-derived polysaccharides comprise hyaluronan, chitosan and many others. Furthermore, these compounds can be modified to facilitate their processing into multiple shapes and sizes, as well as exhibit response dependence to external conditions like temperature and pH. All these properties have promoted the use of these biomaterials as raw materials for the development of drug delivery carrier systems (hydrogels, particles, capsules). The present review enlightens marine polysaccharides providing its sources, structures, biological properties, and its biomedical applications. In addition to this, their role as nanomaterials is also portrayed by the authors, along with the methods employed to develop them and associated biological and physicochemical properties designed to develop suitable drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Sharma
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8QQ
| | - Divya Dheer
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - D Nagasamy Venkatesh
- JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vivek Puri
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
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Kravchenko AO, Menchinskaya ES, Isakov VV, Glazunov VP, Yermak IM. Carrageenans and Their Oligosaccharides from Red Seaweeds Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis and Mastocarpus pacificus (Phyllophoraceae) and Their Antiproliferative Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087657. [PMID: 37108822 PMCID: PMC10146057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative structural analysis of gelling polysaccharides from A. flabelliformis and M. pacificus belonging to Phyllophoraceae and the effect of their structural features and molecular weight on human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29, DLD-1, HCT-116) was carried out. According to chemical analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopies, M. pacificus produces kappa/iota-carrageenan with a predominance of kappa units and minor amounts of mu and/or nu units, while the polysaccharide from A. flabelliformis is iota/kappa-carrageenan (predominance of iota units) and contains negligible amounts of beta- and nu-carrageenans. Iota/kappa- (Afg-OS) and kappa/iota-oligosaccharides (Mp-OS) were obtained from the original polysaccharides through mild acid hydrolysis. The content of more sulfated iota units in Afg-OS (iota/kappa 7:1) was higher than in Mp-OS (1.0:1.8). The poly- and oligosaccharides up to 1 mg/mL did not show a cytotoxic effect on all tested cell lines. Polysaccharides showed an antiproliferative effect only at 1 mg/mL. Oligosaccharides had a more pronounced effect on HT-29 and HCT-116 cells than the original polymers, while HCT-116 cells were slightly more sensitive to their action. Kappa/iota-oligosaccharides exhibit a greater antiproliferative effect and more strongly decrease the number of colonies forming in HCT-116 cells. At the same time, iota/kappa-oligosaccharides inhibit cell migration more strongly. Kappa/iota-oligosaccharides induce apoptosis in the SubG0 and G2/M phases, while iota/kappa-oligosaccharides in the SubG0 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna O Kravchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Menchinskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Isakov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valery P Glazunov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Irina M Yermak
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
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Viswanathan S, Palaniyandi T, Chellam DC, Ahmed MF, Shoban N, Pushpakumar M, Abdul Wahab MR, Baskar G, Ravi M, Sivaji A, Natarajan S, Sankareswaran SK. Anti-cancer activity of Hypnea valentiae seaweed loaded gold nanoparticles through EMT signaling pathway in A549 cells. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2023.104606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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20
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Ajala M, Droguet M, Kraiem M, Ben Saad H, Boujhoud Z, Hilali A, Kallel H, Pujo JM, Ben Amara I. The Potential Effect of Polysaccharides Extracted from Red Alga Gelidium spinosum against Intestinal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030444. [PMID: 36986542 PMCID: PMC10059935 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut injury is a severe and unpredictable illness related to the increased cell death of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Excessive IEC apoptotic cell death during the pathophysiological state entails chronic inflammatory diseases. This investigation was undertaken to assess the cytoprotective action and underlying mechanisms of polysaccharides from Tunisian red alga, Gelidium spinosum (PSGS), on H2O2-induced toxicity in IEC-6 cells. The cell viability test was initially carried out to screen out convenient concentrations of H2O2 and PSGS. Subsequently, cells were exposed to 40 µM H2O2 over 4 h in the presence or absence of PSGS. Findings revealed that H2O2 caused oxidative stress manifested by over 70% cell mortality, disturbed the antioxidant defense, and increased the apoptotic rate in IEC-6 cells (32% than normal cells). Pretreatment of PSGS restored cell viability, especially when used at 150 µg/mL and normal cell morphology in H2O2-callenged cells. PSGS also equally sustained superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and hindered the apoptosis induced by H2O2. This protection mechanism of PSGS may be associated with its structural composition. The ultraviolet visible spectrum, Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) demonstrated that PSGS is mainly sulfated polysaccharides. Eventually, this research work provides a deeper insight into the protective functions and enhances the investment of natural resources in handling intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Ajala
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Mickael Droguet
- ORPHY, Optimization of Physiological Regulation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Marwa Kraiem
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Ben Saad
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Zakaria Boujhoud
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, High Institute of Health Sciences, Hassen University, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Abderraouf Hilali
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, High Institute of Health Sciences, Hassen University, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Hatem Kallel
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology, CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, University of Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Jean Marc Pujo
- Emergency Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Ibtissem Ben Amara
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
- Correspondence:
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21
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Edible Seaweeds Extracts: Characterization and Functional Properties for Health Conditions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030684. [PMID: 36978932 PMCID: PMC10045430 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are popular foods due to claimed beneficial health effects, but for many there is a lack of scientific evidence. In this study, extracts of the edible seaweeds Aramé, Nori, and Fucus are compared. Our approach intends to clarify similarities and differences in the health properties of these seaweeds, thus contributing to target potential applications for each. Additionally, although Aramé and Fucus seaweeds are highly explored, information on Nori composition and bioactivities is scarce. The aqueous extracts of the seaweeds were obtained by decoction, then fractionated and characterized according to their composition and biological activity. It was recognized that fractioning the extracts led to bioactivity reduction, suggesting a loss of bioactive compounds synergies. The Aramé extract showed the highest antioxidant activity and Nori exhibited the highest potential for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The identification of the bioactive compounds in the extracts allowed to see that these contained a mixture of phloroglucinol polymers, and it was suggested that Nori’s effect on acetylcholinesterase inhibition may be associated with a smaller sized phlorotannins capable of entering the enzyme active site. Overall, these results suggest a promising potential for the use of these seaweed extracts, mainly Aramé and Nori, in health improvement and management of diseases, namely those associated to oxidative stress and neurodegeneration.
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22
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Seaweed-Derived Sulfated Polysaccharides; The New Age Chemopreventives: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030715. [PMID: 36765670 PMCID: PMC9913163 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed-derived bioactive compounds are regularly employed to treat human diseases. Sulfated polysaccharides are potent chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive medications since it has been discovered. They have exhibited anti-cancer properties by enhancing immunity and driving apoptosis. Through dynamic modulation of critical intracellular signalling pathways, such as control of ROS generation and preservation of essential cell survival and death processes, sulfated polysaccharides' antioxidant and immunomodulatory potentials contribute to their disease-preventive effectiveness. Sulfated polysaccharides provide low cytotoxicity and good efficacy therapeutic outcomes via dynamic modulation of apoptosis in cancer. Understanding how sulfated polysaccharides affect human cancer cells and their molecular involvement in cell death pathways will showcase a new way of chemoprevention. In this review, the significance of apoptosis and autophagy-modulating sulfated polysaccharides has been emphasized, as well as the future direction of enhanced nano-formulation for greater clinical efficacy. Moreover, this review focuses on the recent findings about the possible mechanisms of chemotherapeutic use of sulfated polysaccharides, their potential as anti-cancer drugs, and proposed mechanisms of action to drive apoptosis in diverse malignancies. Because of their unique physicochemical and biological properties, sulfated polysaccharides are ideal for their bioactive ingredients, which can improve function and application in disease. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the physicochemical properties and functionalities of sulfated polysaccharides and the use of sulfated polysaccharide-based delivery systems in functional cancer. Furthermore, the preclinical and clinical trials will reveal the drug's efficacy in cancer.
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23
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Shen S, Yang W, Li L, Zhu Y, Yang Y, Ni H, Jiang Z, Zheng M. In vitro fermentation of seaweed polysaccharides and tea polyphenol blends by human intestinal flora and their effects on intestinal inflammation. Food Funct 2023; 14:1133-1147. [PMID: 36594623 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03390a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A combination of polysaccharides and tea polyphenols can enhance immune activity synergistically, depending on the type and structure of polysaccharides, but the mechanism remains unknown. This study is aimed to investigate the regulating effects of different seaweed polysaccharide (ι-carrageenan, agarose) and tea polyphenol blends on intestinal flora and intestinal inflammation using an in vitro ascending-transverse-descending colon fermentation system and RAW264.7 cell model. The results showed that seaweed polysaccharides in the presence of tea polyphenol were almost completely degraded at transverse colon fermentation for 36 h. Agarose significantly enhanced the butyric acid production content by increasing the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, whereas agarose and tea polyphenol blends did not have a synergistic effect. On the contrary, ι-carrageenan and tea polyphenol blends synergistically increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium) and promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as isobutyric acid. Such changes tended to alter the impacts of different seaweed polysaccharides and tea polyphenol blends on intestinal inflammation. Among them, ι-carrageenan and tea polyphenol blends were the most effective in inhibiting lipopolysaccharide-induced NO, ROS, IL-6, and TNF-α production in RAW264.7 cells, indicating the alleviated intestinal inflammation. The results suggest that the seaweed polysaccharide and tea polyphenol blends have prebiotic potential and can benefit intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Shen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
| | - Wenqin Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
| | - Lijun Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yanbing Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.,Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, Fujian, China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Mingjing Zheng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
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24
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Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of porphyran, a sulfated galactan. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 301:120326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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25
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Negreanu-Pirjol BS, Negreanu-Pirjol T, Popoviciu DR, Anton RE, Prelipcean AM. Marine Bioactive Compounds Derived from Macroalgae as New Potential Players in Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091781. [PMID: 36145528 PMCID: PMC9505595 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine algal ecosystem is characterized by a rich ecological biodiversity and can be considered as an unexploited resource for the discovery and isolation of novel bioactive compounds. In recent years, marine macroalgae have begun to be explored for their valuable composition in bioactive compounds and opportunity to obtain different nutraceuticals. In comparison with their terrestrial counterparts, Black Sea macroalgae are potentially good sources of bioactive compounds with specific and unique biological activities, insufficiently used. Macroalgae present in different marine environments contain several biologically active metabolites, including polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, sterols, proteins polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals. As a result, they have received huge interest given their promising potentialities in supporting antitumoral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiangiogenic, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective properties. An additional advantage of ulvans, fucoidans and carrageenans is the biocompatibility and limited or no toxicity. This therapeutic potential is a great natural treasure to be exploited for the development of novel drug delivery systems in both preventive and therapeutic approaches. This overview aims to provide an insight into current knowledge focused on specific bioactive compounds, which represent each class of macroalgae e.g., ulvans, fucoidans and carrageenans, respectively, as valuable potential players in the development of innovative drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Stefan Negreanu-Pirjol
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 6, Capitan Aviator Al. Serbanescu Street, Campus, Corp C, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ticuta Negreanu-Pirjol
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 6, Capitan Aviator Al. Serbanescu Street, Campus, Corp C, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Biological Sciences Section, Romanian Academy of Scientists, 3, Ilfov Street, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Dan Razvan Popoviciu
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1, University Alley, Campus, Corp B, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ruxandra-Elena Anton
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 296, Splaiul Independentei Bvd., 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Prelipcean
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 296, Splaiul Independentei Bvd., 060031 Bucharest, Romania
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26
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Structural characteristics of native and chemically sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed and their antimelanoma effects. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Ramalingam V, Narendra Kumar N, Harshavardhan M, Sampath Kumar HM, Tiwari AK, Suresh Babu K, Mudiam MKR. Chemical profiling of marine seaweed Halimeda gracilis using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MSE and evaluation of anticancer activity targeting PI3K/AKT and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Oliyaei N, Moosavi-Nasab M, Mazloomi SM. Therapeutic activity of fucoidan and carrageenan as marine algal polysaccharides against viruses. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:154. [PMID: 35765662 PMCID: PMC9233728 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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29
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Rupert R, Rodrigues KF, Thien VY, Yong WTL. Carrageenan From Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae): Metabolism, Structure, Production, and Application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:859635. [PMID: 35620679 PMCID: PMC9127731 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.859635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenan is a polysaccharide derived from red algae (seaweed) with enormous economic potential in a wide range of industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, printing, and textiles. Carrageenan is primarily produced through aquaculture-based seaweed farming, with Eucheuma and Kappaphycus species accounting for more than 90% of global output. There are three major types of carrageenan found in red algae: kappa (κ)-, iota (ι)-, and lambda (λ)-carrageenan. Kappaphycus alvarezii is the most common kappa-carrageenan source, and it is primarily farmed in Asian countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Malaysia. Carrageenan extracted from K. alvarezii has recently received a lot of attention due to its economic potential in a wide range of applications. This review will discuss K. alvarezii carrageenan in terms of metabolic and physicochemical structure, extraction methods and factors affecting production yield, as well as current and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rennielyn Rupert
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | | | - Vun Yee Thien
- Innovation Center, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sunsuria, Malaysia
| | - Wilson Thau Lym Yong
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
- Seaweed Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
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30
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Wei Q, Fu G, Wang K, Yang Q, Zhao J, Wang Y, Ji K, Song S. Advances in Research on Antiviral Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweeds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050581. [PMID: 35631407 PMCID: PMC9147703 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, various viral diseases have suddenly erupted, resulting in widespread infection and death. A variety of biological activities from marine natural products have gradually attracted the attention of people. Seaweeds have a wide range of sources, huge output, and high economic benefits. This is very promising in the pharmaceutical industry. In particular, sulfated polysaccharides derived from seaweeds, considered a potential source of bioactive compounds for drug development, have shown antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of viruses, mainly including common DNA viruses and RNA viruses. In addition, sulfated polysaccharides can also improve the body’s immunity. This review focuses on recent advances in antiviral research on the sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds, including carrageenan, galactan, fucoidan, alginate, ulvan, p-KG03, naviculan, and calcium spirulan. We hope that this review will provide new ideas for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Q.W.); (K.W.); (Q.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Guoqiang Fu
- Weihaiwei People’s Hospital, Weihai 264200, China;
| | - Ke Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Q.W.); (K.W.); (Q.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qiong Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Q.W.); (K.W.); (Q.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiarui Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Q.W.); (K.W.); (Q.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuan Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Q.W.); (K.W.); (Q.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Kai Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Q.W.); (K.W.); (Q.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (S.S.)
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31
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Bharadwaj KK, Ahmad I, Pati S, Ghosh A, Sarkar T, Rabha B, Patel H, Baishya D, Edinur HA, Abdul Kari Z, Ahmad Mohd Zain MR, Wan Rosli WI. Potent Bioactive Compounds From Seaweed Waste to Combat Cancer Through Bioinformatics Investigation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:889276. [PMID: 35529456 PMCID: PMC9075044 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.889276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The seaweed industries generate considerable amounts of waste that must be appropriately managed. This biomass from marine waste is a rich source of high-value bioactive compounds. Thus, this waste can be adequately utilized by recovering the compounds for therapeutic purposes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key epigenetic regulators established as one of the most promising targets for cancer chemotherapy. In the present study, our objective is to find the HDAC 2 inhibitor. We performed top-down in silico methodologies to identify potential HDAC 2 inhibitors by screening compounds from edible seaweed waste. One hundred ninety-three (n = 193) compounds from edible seaweeds were initially screened and filtered with drug-likeness properties using SwissADME. After that, the filtered compounds were followed to further evaluate their binding potential with HDAC 2 protein by using Glide high throughput virtual screening (HTVS), standard precision (SP), extra precision (XP), and quantum polarized ligand docking (QPLD). One compound with higher negative binding energy was selected, and to validate the binding mode and stability of the complex, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using Desmond were performed. The complex-binding free energy calculation was performed using molecular mechanics-generalized born surface area (MM-GBSA) calculation. Post-MD simulation analyses such as PCA, DCCM, and free energy landscape were also evaluated. The quantum mechanical and electronic properties of the potential bioactive compounds were assessed using the density functional theory (DFT) study. These findings support the use of marine resources like edible seaweed waste for cancer drug development by using its bioactive compounds. The obtained results encourage further in vitro and in vivo research. Our in silico findings show that the compound has a high binding affinity for the catalytic site of the HDAC 2 protein and has drug-likeness properties, and can be utilized in drug development against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Siddhartha Pati
- NatNov Bioscience Private Limited, Balasore, India
- Skills Innovation & Academic Network (SIAN) Institute-Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Balasore, India
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Microbiology Division, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda, India
| | - Bijuli Rabha
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Debabrat Baishya
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
- *Correspondence: Debabrat Baishya
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rajaei Ahmad Mohd Zain
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang, Malaysia
- Muhammad Rajaei Ahmad Mohd Zain
| | - Wan Ishak Wan Rosli
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Wan Ishak Wan Rosli
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32
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Jafari A, Farahani M, Sedighi M, Rabiee N, Savoji H. Carrageenans for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 281:119045. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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Excellent Cooperation between Carboxyl-Substituted Porphyrins, k-Carrageenan and AuNPs for Extended Application in CO2 Capture and Manganese Ion Detection. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10040133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Significant tasks of the presented research are the development of multifunctional materials capable both to detect/capture carbon dioxide and to monitor toxic metal ions from waters, thus contributing to maintaining a sustainable and clean environment. The purpose of this work was to synthesize, characterize (NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, Fluorescence, AFM) and exploit the optical and emission properties of a carboxyl-substituted A3B porphyrin, 5-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-10,15,20-tris-(4-methyl-phenyl)–porphyrin, and based on it, to develop novel composite material able to adsorb carbon dioxide. This porphyrin-k-carrageenan composite material can capture CO2 in ambient conditions with a performance of 6.97 mmol/1 g adsorbent. Another aim of our research was to extend this porphyrin- k-carrageenan material’s functionality toward Mn2+ detection from polluted waters and from medical samples, relying on its synergistic partnership with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The plasmonic porphyrin-k-carrageenan-AuNPs material detected Mn2+ in the range of concentration of 4.56 × 10−5 M to 9.39 × 10−5 M (5–11 mg/L), which can be useful for monitoring health of humans exposed to polluted water sources or those who ingested high dietary manganese.
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34
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YU QY, YUAN S, YAN YY, ZHANG XF. Extraction, preparation and an assessment of the activity of carboxymethyl polysaccharide from Panax japonicus. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.82221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yang YU
- Qingdao Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai YUAN
- Qingdao Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China
| | - You-Yu YAN
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Feng ZHANG
- Qingdao Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China
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35
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Hwang J, Yadav D, Lee PC, Jin JO. Immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from marine algae for treating cancer, infectious disease, and inflammation. Phytother Res 2021; 36:761-777. [PMID: 34962325 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A significant rise in the occurrence and severity of adverse reactions to several synthetic drugs has fueled considerable interest in natural product-based therapeutics. In humans and animals, polysaccharides from marine microalgae and seaweeds have immunomodulatory effects. In addition, these polysaccharides may possess antiviral, anticancer, hypoglycemic, anticoagulant, and antioxidant properties. During inflammatory diseases, such as autoimmune diseases and sepsis, immunosuppressive molecules can serve as therapeutic agents. Similarly, molecules that participate in immune activation can induce immune responses against cancer and infectious diseases. We aim to discuss the chemical composition of the algal polysaccharides, namely alginate, fucoidan, ascophyllan, and porphyran. We also summarize their applications in the treatment of cancer, infectious disease, and inflammation. Recent applications of nanoparticles that are based on algal polysaccharides for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases have also been addressed. In conclusion, these applications of marine algal polysaccharides could provide novel therapeutic alternatives for several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Cw Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Jia H, Zhao B, Zhang F, Santhanam RK, Wang X, Lu J. Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Activity of Polysaccharides From Panax ginseng Meyer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:785455. [PMID: 34912721 PMCID: PMC8666597 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.785455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the main active ingredients of ginseng. To extract the most effective polysaccharides against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we isolated and characterized the polysaccharides from the mountain cultivated ginseng (MCG) and compared their composition and cytotoxic effect with cultivated ginseng (CG) polysaccharide against HepG2 cell lines for the first time. MCG polysaccharides and CG polysaccharides were fractionated into two fractions such as MTPS-1, MTPS-2 and CTPS-1, CTPS-2 by salting out, respectively. Compared to CG, MCG possessed appreciable cytotoxic effect against HepG2 cells among that MTPS-1 possess fortified effect. Then, MTPS-1 was selected for further isolation process and seven acidic polysaccharides (MCGP-1–MCGP-7) were obtained using ethanol precipitation, ion-exchange, and gel permeation chromatography techniques. Structural characteristics of the polysaccharides (MCGP-1–MCGP-7) were done by adapting methylation/GC-MS and NMR analysis. Overall, MCGP-3 polysaccharide was found to possess significant cytotoxic effect against HepG2 cells with the IC50 value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ramesh Kumar Santhanam
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Xinying Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincai Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Abstract
Cancer remains a major life-threatening disease worldwide. The development of anticancer drugs using natural products obtained from marine organisms has been proposed as an alternative approach. Seaweeds are the mainstay of marine ecosystems; therefore, they are highly enriched with diverse bioactive compounds. In the past decade, a vast number of natural compounds, such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, carotenoids, and terpenoids, have been isolated from seaweeds. Seaweeds have bioactive compounds that show cytotoxicity in various cancer cell lines. These compounds prevent tumor growth by inducing apoptotic cell death and arrest growth by interfering with different kinases and cell cycle pathways. This review discussed the anticancer properties of various bioactive compounds isolated from different types of seaweeds and their therapeutic potential against cancers.
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Tabakaev A, Tabakaeva O, Wojciech P, Kalenik T, Poznyakovsky V. Antioxidant properties of edible sea weed from the Northern Coast of the Sea of Japan. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2021-2-262-270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. New natural antioxidants remain a relevant research task of food science. Natural antioxidants neutralize free radicals in food systems, as well as in human body. The antioxidant properties of seaweed have attracted scientific attention for many years. However, most experiments featured non-polar extracts while aqueous extracts still remain understudied. The present research objective was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of hydrothermal extracts of edible seaweed from the Northern Coast of the Sea of Japan.
Study objects and methods. The study featured hot-water and autoclave (30 and 60 min) extracts of three edible seaweed species from Russia’s Far East. The research focused on dry matter yield, total phenol content, phenolic profile, antiradical properties, hydroxylion (OH•) scavenging activity, and superoxide radical (O2•−) scavenging activity.
Results and discussion. The hot-water extracts appeared to have a higher yield than the autoclave extracts. The hot-water extract of red-purple seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa had the highest yield – 15.90%. The extract of brown seaweed Sargassum miyabei demonstrated the highest total phenol content. The phenolic profile of the extracts revealed 10 compounds, syringic acid and epicatechin being the major ones. The radical scavenging activity of the extracts varied from 48.2 to 88.9%, the highest value was observed in the hot-water extract of S. miyabei. The autoclave S. miyabei extracts also had a high radical scavenging activity, which exceeded other samples by 5.0–13.3%. The hot-water (30 min) extract of G. verrucosa had the lowest antiradical activity. Hot-water and autoclave extracts of S. miyabei showed the best OH• scavenging activity. Only the samples of G. verrucosa demonstrated signs of superoxide radical scavenging.
Conclusion. The extracts of brown seaweed S. miyabei proved to be the most active. The hot-water and autoclave extracts had the highest total phenol content and the strongest DPPH and OH• inhibitory activity.
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Potential Antiviral Properties of Industrially Important Marine Algal Polysaccharides and Their Significance in Fighting a Future Viral Pandemic. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091817. [PMID: 34578399 PMCID: PMC8473461 DOI: 10.3390/v13091817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the decades, the world has witnessed diverse virus associated pandemics. The significant inhibitory effects of marine sulfated polysaccharides against SARS-CoV-2 shows its therapeutic potential in future biomedical applications and drug development. Algal polysaccharides exhibited significant role in antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidative, antiviral, anticoagulant, antihepatotoxic and immunomodulating activities. Owing to their health benefits, the sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae are a great deal of interest globally. Algal polysaccharides such as agar, alginate, carrageenans, porphyran, fucoidan, laminaran and ulvans are investigated for their nutraceutical potential at different stages of infection processes, structural diversity, complexity and mechanism of action. In this review, we focus on the recent antiviral studies of the marine algae-based polysaccharides and their potential towards antiviral medicines.
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Shi H, Shahidi F, Wang J, Huang Y, Zou Y, Xu W, Wang D. Techniques for postmortem tenderisation in meat processing: effectiveness, application and possible mechanisms. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-021-00062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Developing efficient and promising tenderising techniques for postmortem meat is a heavily researched topic among meat scientists as consumers are willing to pay more for guaranteed tender meat. However, emerging tenderising techniques are not broadly used in the meat industry and, to some degree, are controversial due to lack of theoretical support. Thus, understanding the mechanisms involved in postmortem tenderisation is essential. This article first provides an overview of the relationship of ageing tenderisation and calpain system, as well as proteomics applied to identify protein biomarkers characterizing tenderness. In general, the ageing tenderisation is mediated by multiple biochemical activities, and it can exhibit better palatability and commercial benefit by combining other interventions. The calpain system plays a key role in ageing tenderisation functions by rupturing myofibrils and regulating proteolysis, glycolysis, apoptosis and metabolic modification. Additionally, tenderising techniques from different aspects including exogenous enzymes, chemistry, physics and the combined methods are discussed in depth. Particularly, innovation of home cooking could be recommended to prepare relatively tender meat due to its convenience and ease of operation by consumers. Furthermore, the combined interventions provide better performance in controlled tenderness. Finally, future trends in developing new tenderising techniques, and applied consideration in the meat processing industry are proposed in order to improve meat quality with higher economical value.
Graphical abstract
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Ren X, Xie X, Chen B, Liu L, Jiang C, Qian Q. Marine Natural Products: A Potential Source of Anti-hepatocellular Carcinoma Drugs. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7879-7899. [PMID: 34128674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high associated morbidity and mortality rates. Although chemical medication represents a primary HCC treatment strategy, low response rates and therapeutic resistance serve to reduce its efficacy. Hence, identifying novel effective drugs is urgently needed, and many researchers have sought to identify new anti-cancer drugs from marine organisms. The marine population is considered a "blue drug bank" of unique anti-cancer compounds with diverse groups of chemical structures. Here, we discuss marine-derived compounds, including PM060184 and bryostatin-1, with demonstrated anti-cancer activity in vitro or in vivo. Based on the marine source (sponges, algae, coral, bacteria, and fungi), we introduce pharmacological parameters, compound-induced cytotoxicity, effects on apoptosis and metastasis, and potential molecular mechanisms. Cumulatively, this review provides insights into anti-HCC research conducted to date in the field of marine natural products and marine-derived compounds, as well as the potential pharmacological mechanisms of these compounds and their status in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qun Qian
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
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Mokhtari H, Tavakoli S, Safarpour F, Kharaziha M, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Ramakrishna S, Berto F. Recent Advances in Chemically-Modified and Hybrid Carrageenan-Based Platforms for Drug Delivery, Wound Healing, and Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1744. [PMID: 34073518 PMCID: PMC8198092 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, many studies have focused on carrageenan-based hydrogels for biomedical applications thanks to their intrinsic properties, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, resembling native glycosaminoglycans, antioxidants, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and anticoagulant properties. They can easily change to three-dimensional hydrogels using a simple ionic crosslinking process. However, there are some limitations, including the uncontrollable exchange of ions and the formation of a brittle hydrogel, which can be overcome via simple chemical modifications of polymer networks to form chemically crosslinked hydrogels with significant mechanical properties and a controlled degradation rate. Additionally, the incorporation of various types of nanoparticles and polymer networks into carrageenan hydrogels has resulted in the formation of hybrid platforms with significant mechanical, chemical and biological properties, making them suitable biomaterials for drug delivery (DD), tissue engineering (TE), and wound healing applications. Herein, we aim to overview the recent advances in various chemical modification approaches and hybrid carrageenan-based platforms for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Mokhtari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; (H.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Shima Tavakoli
- Division of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-Ångstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE75121 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Fereshteh Safarpour
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; (H.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; (H.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore;
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Chudasama NA, Sequeira RA, Moradiya K, Prasad K. Seaweed Polysaccharide Based Products and Materials: An Assessment on Their Production from a Sustainability Point of View. Molecules 2021; 26:2608. [PMID: 33947023 PMCID: PMC8124237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various natural polymers, polysaccharides are one of the oldest biopolymers present on the Earth. They play a very crucial role in the survival of both animals and plants. Due to the presence of hydroxyl functional groups in most of the polysaccharides, it is easy to prepare their chemical derivatives. Several polysaccharide derivatives are widely used in a number of industrial applications. The polysaccharides such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, etc., have several applications but due to some distinguished characteristic properties, seaweed polysaccharides are preferred in a number of applications. This review covers published literature on the seaweed polysaccharides, their origin, and extraction from seaweeds, application, and chemical modification. Derivatization of the polysaccharides to impart new functionalities by chemical modification such as esterification, amidation, amination, C-N bond formation, sulphation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and graft copolymerization is discussed. The suitability of extraction of seaweed polysaccharides such as agar, carrageenan, and alginate using ionic solvent systems from a sustainability point of view and future prospects for efficient extraction and functionalization of seaweed polysaccharides is also included in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishith A. Chudasama
- P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT Campus, Charotar University of Sciences and Technology, Changa 388421, India;
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India; (R.A.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Rosy Alphons Sequeira
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India; (R.A.S.); (K.M.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kinjal Moradiya
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India; (R.A.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Kamalesh Prasad
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India; (R.A.S.); (K.M.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Jiang JL, Zhang WZ, Ni WX, Shao JW. Insight on structure-property relationships of carrageenan from marine red algal: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 257:117642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Porphyran and oligo-porphyran originating from red algae Porphyra: Preparation, biological activities, and potential applications. Food Chem 2021; 349:129209. [PMID: 33588184 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Porphyra is one of the most economically important red algae in the world. The functional components extracted from Porphyra such as porphyrans, proteins, lipids, and minerals have strong physiological activities. Porphyran, a sulfated galactan, is composed of alternating 1,4-linked α-l-galactopyranose-6-sulfate (L6S) and 1,3-linked β-d-galactopyranose (G). Porphyran and oligo-porphyran have a series of pharmacological and biological functions, such as antioxidation, anticancer, antiaging, antiallergic, immunomodulatory, hypoglycaemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Thus, red algae Porphyra-derived porphyran and oligo-porphyran have various potential applications in food, medicine, and cosmetic fields. For better application, this review introduces and summarizes the structure and source of porphyran as well as the preparation methods, biological activities, and potential applications of porphyran and oligo-porphyran. Moreover, the future research directions and emphasis of porphyran and oligo-porphyran preparation as well as their functional activities and applications are highlighted and prospected.
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Kim E, Cui J, Kang I, Zhang G, Lee Y. Potential Antidiabetic Effects of Seaweed Extracts by Upregulating Glucose Utilization and Alleviating Inflammation in C2C12 Myotubes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031367. [PMID: 33540936 PMCID: PMC7908625 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Seaweed is known to have various health-promoting effects. However, the mechanisms underlying seaweed’s antidiabetic effects remain unclear. We investigated the potential antidiabetic effects of seaweed water extracts and further examined their mechanism(s) using C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. Briefly, we screened the physiochemical properties of seven seaweed extracts by comparing the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. Among them, three seaweed extracts, Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll (UPS), Codium fragile (CF), and Gracilaria verrucosa (GV), were selected for further testing of their possible antidiabetic effects with underlying mechanisms using C2C12 myotubes. Consistent with the superior α-glucosidase inhibition of the three seaweed extracts, the extracts also enhanced glucose utilization in myotubes compared to the control. The upregulated glucose uptake by the seaweed extracts was reversed by an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor, compound C, in the UPS- and CF-treated groups. Furthermore, all three seaweed extracts significantly promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK which was completely blocked by pretreating with compound C. In addition, all three extracts reduced lipopolysaccharide-simulated TNF-α production in C2C12 cells. Our results demonstrated that all three seaweed extracts exhibited antidiabetic properties through not only the inhibition of glucose absorption but also the promotion of glucose utilization. Moreover, the regulation of inflammatory cytokine production by the extracts suggested their potential anti-inflammatory property which might play a critical role in protecting insulin sensitivity in a chronic inflammatory state. Taken together, UPS, CF, and GV are a promising source to modulate the glucose absorption and utilization in muscle cells partially via the AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (E.K.); (J.C.); (I.K.)
| | - Jiamei Cui
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (E.K.); (J.C.); (I.K.)
| | - Inhae Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (E.K.); (J.C.); (I.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Guiguo Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-5388-241544 (ext. 8327) (G.Z.); +82-64-754-3555 (Y.L.)
| | - Yunkyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (E.K.); (J.C.); (I.K.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-5388-241544 (ext. 8327) (G.Z.); +82-64-754-3555 (Y.L.)
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Moga MA, Dima L, Balan A, Blidaru A, Dimienescu OG, Podasca C, Toma S. Are Bioactive Molecules from Seaweeds a Novel and Challenging Option for the Prevention of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer Therapy?-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E629. [PMID: 33435168 PMCID: PMC7826946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women all over the world. The infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the major risk factors for the development of premalignant lesions, which will progress to cervical cancer. Seaweeds are marine organisms with increased contents of bioactive compounds, which are described as potential anti-HPV and anti-cervical cancer agents. Our study aims to bring together all the results of the previous studies, conducted in order to highlight the potency of bioactive molecules from seaweeds, as anti-HPV and anti-cervical agents. This paper is a review of the English literature published between January 2010 and August 2020. We performed a systematic study in the Google Academic and PubMed databases using the key words "HPV infection", "anticancer", "seaweeds", "cervical cancer" and "carcinogenesis process", aiming to evaluate the effects of different bioactive molecules from marine algae on cervical cancer cell lines and on HPV-infected cells. Only original studies were considered for our research. None of the papers was excluded due to language usage or affiliation. Recent discoveries pointed out that sulfated polysaccharides, such as dextran sulfate heparan or cellulose sulfate, blocked the ability of HPV to infect cells, and inhibited the carcinogenesis process. Carrageenans inhibited the virions of HPV from binding the cellular wall. Fucoidan induced the growth inhibition of HeLa cervical cells in vitro. Heterofucans exhibited antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines. Terpenoids from brown algae are also promising agents with anti-cervical cancer activity. Considering all the results of the previous studies, we observed that great amounts of bioactive molecules from seaweeds could treat both unapparent HPV infection and clinical visible disease. Furthermore, these molecules were very efficient in the treatment of invasive cervical carcinomas. In these conditions, we consider seaweeds extracts as a novel and challenging therapeutic strategy, and we hope that our study paves the way for further clinical trials in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Alexandru Moga
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Lorena Dima
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Transilvania of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (L.D.); (S.T.)
| | - Andreea Balan
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Alexandru Blidaru
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Oncological Institute “Al. Trestioneanu” of Bucharest, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Gabriela Dimienescu
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Cezar Podasca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Sebastian Toma
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Transilvania of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (L.D.); (S.T.)
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Liu P, Zhang S, Gao L, Wang H, Guo J, Huang J, Liu L. Progress in Application of Carrageenan Hydrogel in Biomedicine. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2021. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.34.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
| | - Shuli Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
| | - Li Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
| | - Haibin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
| | - Linlin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China
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Abd-Elazeem OM, Osman NA, El-Shenawy NS. Bioactive Compounds of Seaweeds and Their Effects on Certain Types of Cancer. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 8:112-119. [DOI: 10.34172/ajmb.2020.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered as one of the major health problems worldwide. So far, no completely effective method has been found for cancer treatment. Therefore, the rise of using natural products has been proposed as an alternative therapy in this regard. For many years, the seaweed has been a source of many functional bioactive compounds including polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, terpenes, and many others. These compounds have shown many bioactivities including anticancer activity against different kinds of cancer. Bioactive compounds obtained from the seaweed have been demonstrated to cause apoptosis in cancer cells and trigger cell cycle arrest with low cytotoxicity against normal cells. In this review, it was attempted to shed light on the anticancer activity of some seaweed-derived bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nehal A.H.k. Osman
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nahla S. El-Shenawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Hans N, Malik A, Naik S. Antiviral activity of sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae and its application in combating COVID-19: Mini review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 13:100623. [PMID: 33521606 PMCID: PMC7836841 DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Marine-derived sulfated polysaccharides possess various antiviral activities against a broad range of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. It has become the potential source of antiviral drugs for pharmaceutical development. In this review, we will discuss the different types of sulfated polysaccharides and their structural classification. Some of the major sulfated polysaccharides with potent antiviral activity, including carrageenan, agar, ulvan, fucoidan, and alginates, are considered in this review. The mechanism of these sulfated polysaccharides in inhibiting the different stages of the viral infection process inside the host cell is also demonstrated. It involves blocking the initial entry of the virus or inhibiting its transcription and translation by modulating the immune response of the host cell. In addition, we explore the potential of sulfated polysaccharides as antiviral agents in preventing recent Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Hans
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anushree Malik
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Satyanarayan Naik
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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