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Stevanović M, Filipović N. A Review of Recent Developments in Biopolymer Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems with Antioxidative Properties: Insights into the Last Five Years. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:670. [PMID: 38794332 PMCID: PMC11125366 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biopolymer-based nano-drug delivery systems with antioxidative properties have gained significant attention in the field of pharmaceutical research. These systems offer promising strategies for targeted and controlled drug delivery while also providing antioxidant effects that can mitigate oxidative stress-related diseases. Generally, the healthcare landscape is constantly evolving, necessitating the continual development of innovative therapeutic approaches and drug delivery systems (DDSs). DDSs play a pivotal role in enhancing treatment efficacy, minimizing adverse effects, and optimizing patient compliance. Among these, nanotechnology-driven delivery approaches have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties, such as improved solubility, controlled release, and targeted delivery. Nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanotubes, etc., offer versatile platforms for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Additionally, biopolymer-based DDSs hold immense promise, leveraging natural or synthetic biopolymers to encapsulate drugs and enable targeted and controlled release. These systems offer numerous advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity. The utilization of polysaccharides, polynucleotides, proteins, and polyesters as biopolymer matrices further enhances the versatility and applicability of DDSs. Moreover, substances with antioxidative properties have emerged as key players in combating oxidative stress-related diseases, offering protection against cellular damage and chronic illnesses. The development of biopolymer-based nanoformulations with antioxidative properties represents a burgeoning research area, with a substantial increase in publications in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments within this area over the past five years. It discusses various biopolymer materials, fabrication techniques, stabilizers, factors influencing degradation, and drug release. Additionally, it highlights emerging trends, challenges, and prospects in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Stevanović
- Group for Biomedical Engineering and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Bagnol R, Siverino C, Barnier V, O'Mahony L, Grijpma DW, Eglin D, Moriarty TF. Physicochemical Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Incorporating an Exopolysaccharide from Bifidobacterium longum. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5589-5604. [PMID: 37983925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Immunoregulatory polysaccharides from probiotic bacteria have potential in biomedical engineering. Here, a negatively charged exopolysaccharide from Bifidobacterium longum with confirmed immunoregulatory activity (EPS624) was applied in multilayered polyelectrolyte coatings with positively charged chitosan. EPS624 and coatings (1, 5, and 10 layers and alginate-substituted) were characterized by the zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and fibroblasts were exposed for 1, 3, 7, and 10 days with cytokine secretion, viability, and morphology as observations. The coatings showed an increased rugosity and exponential growth mode with an increasing number of layers. A dose/layer-dependent IL-10 response was observed in hPBMCs, which was greater than EPS624 in solution and was stable over 7 days. Fibroblast culture revealed no toxicity or metabolic change after exposure to EPS624. The EPS624 polyelectrolyte coatings are cytocompatible, have immunoregulatory properties, and may be suitable for applications in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Bagnol
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz 7270, Switzerland
- Technical Medical Centre, Department of Advanced Organ Engineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vincent Barnier
- UMR 5307 LGF, CNRS, Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre SMS, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork TH12 HW58, Ireland
| | - Dirk W Grijpma
- Technical Medical Centre, Department of Advanced Organ Engineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - David Eglin
- Technical Medical Centre, Department of Advanced Organ Engineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
- Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, Mines Saint-Étienne, U1059 Sainbiose, Saint-Étienne F-42023, France
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Apuzzo E, Agazzi M, Herrera SE, Picco A, Rizzo G, Chavero C, Bianchi D, Smaldini P, Cortez ML, Marmisollé WA, Padula G, Seoane A, Alomar ML, Denofrio MP, Docena G, Azzaroni O. Poly(allylamine)-tripolyphosphate Ionic Assemblies as Nanocarriers: Friend or Foe? ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4714-4727. [PMID: 37863908 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Designing effective drug nanocarriers that are easy to synthesize, robust, and nontoxic is a significant challenge in nanomedicine. Polyamine-multivalent molecule nanocomplexes are promising drug carriers due to their simple and all-aqueous manufacturing process. However, these systems can present issues of colloidal instability over time and cellular toxicity due to the cationic polymer. In this study, we finely modulate the formation parameters of poly(allylamine-tripolyphosphate) complexes to jointly optimize the robustness and safety. Polyallylamine was ionically assembled with tripolyphosphate anions to form liquid-like nanocomplexes with a size of around 200 nm and a zeta potential of -30 mV. We found that nanocomplexes exhibit tremendous long-term stability (9 months of storage) in colloidal dispersion and that they are suitable as protein-loading agents. Moreover, the formation of nanocomplexes induced by tripolyphosphate anions produces a switch-off in the toxicity of the system by altering the overall charge from positive to negative. In addition, we demonstrate that nanocomplexes can be internalized by bone-marrow-derived macrophage cells. Altogether, these nanocomplexes have attractive and promising properties as delivery nanoplatforms for potential therapies based on the immune system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Apuzzo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Agazzi
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), (UNRC, CONICET), Ruta Nacional 36 KM 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago E Herrera
- Instituto de Química de los Materiales, Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), (UBA, CONICET), C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Picco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gastón Rizzo
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), (UNLP, CONICET), asociado a CIC-PBA, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Camila Chavero
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), (UNLP, CONICET), asociado a CIC-PBA, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Daiana Bianchi
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), (UNLP, CONICET), asociado a CIC-PBA, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Paola Smaldini
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), (UNLP, CONICET), asociado a CIC-PBA, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - María Lorena Cortez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gisel Padula
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout" (IGEVET), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (FCNyM), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Analía Seoane
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout" (IGEVET), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Lis Alomar
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), (UNSAM, CONICET) 7130, Chascomús, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Maria Paula Denofrio
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), (UNSAM, CONICET) 7130, Chascomús, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Guillermo Docena
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), (UNLP, CONICET), asociado a CIC-PBA, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires ,Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Herrera SE, Agazzi ML, Apuzzo E, Cortez ML, Marmisollé WA, Tagliazucchi M, Azzaroni O. Polyelectrolyte-multivalent molecule complexes: physicochemical properties and applications. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2013-2041. [PMID: 36811333 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01507b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The complexation of polyelectrolytes with other oppositely charged structures gives rise to a great variety of functional materials with potential applications in a wide spectrum of technological fields. Depending on the assembly conditions, polyelectrolyte complexes can acquire different macroscopic configurations such as dense precipitates, nanosized colloids and liquid coacervates. In the past 50 years, much progress has been achieved to understand the principles behind the phase separation induced by the interaction of two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, especially for symmetric systems (systems in which both polyions have similar molecular weight and concentration). However, in recent years, the complexation of polyelectrolytes with alternative building blocks such as small charged molecules (multivalent inorganic species, oligopeptides, and oligoamines, among others) has gained attention in different areas. In this review, we discuss the physicochemical characteristics of the complexes formed by polyelectrolytes and multivalent small molecules, putting a special emphasis on their similarities with the well-known polycation-polyanion complexes. In addition, we analyze the potential of these complexes to act as versatile functional platforms in various technological fields, such as biomedicine and advanced materials engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago E Herrera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Maximiliano L Agazzi
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), (UNRC, CONICET), Ruta Nacional 36 KM 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Eugenia Apuzzo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - M Lorena Cortez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Huang Y, Jiang J, Ren J, Guo Y, Zhao Q, Zhou J, Li Y, Chen R. A Fibrinogen-Mimicking, Activated-Platelet-Sensitive Nanocoacervate Enhances Thrombus Targeting and Penetration of Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Effective Thrombolytic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201265. [PMID: 35864062 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of a fibrinolytic system with long circulation time, high thrombus targeting, efficient thrombus penetration, effective thrombolysis, and minimal hemorrhagic risk remains a major challenge. Herein, inspired by fibrinogen binding to activated platelets in thrombosis, this article reports a fibrinogen-mimicking, activated-platelet-sensitive nanocoacervate to enhance thrombus penetration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for targeted thrombolytic therapy. This biomimetic nanothrombolytic system, denoted as RGD-Chi@tPA, is constructed by "one-pot" coacervation through electrostatic interactions between positively charged arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-grafted chitosan (RGD-Chi) and negatively charged tPA. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements show targeting of RGD-Chi@tPA to activated platelets. Controlled tPA release triggered by activated platelets at a thrombus site is demonstrated. Its targeted fibrinolytic and thrombolytic activities are measured in in vitro models. The pharmacokinetic profiles show that RGD-Chi@tPA can significantly prolong circulation time compared to free tPA. In a mouse tail thrombus model, RGD-Chi@tPA displays efficient thrombus targeting and penetration, enabling a complete vascular recanalization as confirmed by the fluorescence imaging, histochemical assay, and laser speckle contrast imager. Consequently, RGD-Chi@tPA induces a substantial enhancement in thrombolysis with minimal hemorrhagic risk compared to free tPA. This simple, effective, and safe platform holds great promise for the development of thrombolytic nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jingxuan Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Ban E, Kim A. Coacervates: recent developments as nanostructure delivery platforms for therapeutic biomolecules. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122058. [PMID: 35905931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Coacervation is a liquid-liquid phase separation that can occur in solutions of macromolecules through self-assembly or electrostatic interactions. Recently, coacervates composed of biocompatible macromolecules have been actively investigated as nanostructure platforms to encapsulate and deliver biomolecules such as proteins, RNAs, and DNAs. One particular advantage of coacervates is that they are derived from aqueous solutions, unlike other nanoparticle delivery systems that often require organic solvents. In addition, coacervates achieve high loading while maintaining the viability of the cargo material. Here, we review recent developments in the applications of coacervates and their limitations in the delivery of therapeutic biomolecules. Important factors for coacervation include molecular structures of the polyelectrolytes, mixing ratio, the concentration of polyelectrolytes, and reaction conditions such as ionic strength, pH, and temperature. Various compositions of coacervates have been shown to deliver biomolecules in vitro and in vivo with encouraging activities. However, major hurdles remain for the systemic route of administration other than topical or local delivery. The scale-up of manufacturing methods suitable for preclinical and clinical evaluations remains to be addressed. We conclude with a few research directions to overcome current challenges, which may lead to successful translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Ban
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Aeri Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea.
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Jeon EY, Um SH, Park J, Jung Y, Cheon CH, Jeon H, Chung JJ. Precisely Localized Bone Regeneration Mediated by Marine-Derived Microdroplets with Superior BMP-2 Binding Affinity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200416. [PMID: 35543974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Prompt and robust bone regeneration has been clinically achieved using supraphysiological doses of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to overcome the short half-life and rapid clearance. However, uncontrolled burst release of exogenous BMP-2 causes severe complications such as heterotopic ossification and soft tissue inflammation. Therefore, numerous researches have focused on developing a new BMP-2 delivery system for a sustained release profile by immobilizing BMP-2 in various polymeric vehicles. Herein, to avoid denaturation of BMP-2 and enhance therapeutic action via localized delivery, a complex coacervate consisting of fucoidan, a marine-derived glycosaminoglycan, and poly-l-lysine (PLL) is fabricated. Superior BMP-2 binding ability and electrostatic interaction-driven engulfment enable facile and highly efficient microencapsulation of BMP-2. The microencapsulation ability of the coacervate significantly improves BMP-2 bioactivity and provides protection against antagonist and proteolysis, while allowing prolonged release. Moreover, BMP-2 containing coacervate is coated on conventional collagen sponges. The bioactivity and localized bone regenerating ability are confirmed through in vitro (human-derived stem cells), and in vivo (calvarial bone defect model) evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Jeon
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Um
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Park
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hong Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Justin J Chung
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
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