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Hashim HO, Al-Shuhaib JMB, Mohammed MK, Al-Shuhaib MBS. Targeting Monkeypox Virus Methyltransferase: Virtual Screening of Natural Compounds from Middle-Eastern Medicinal Plants. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01246-y. [PMID: 39097539 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox is an infectious disease resulting from the monkeypox virus, and its fatality rate varies depending on the virus clade and the location of the outbreak. In monkeypox virus, methyltransferase (MTase) plays a crucial role in modifying the cap structure of viral mRNA. This alteration assists the virus in evading the host's immune system, enhances viral protein synthesis, and ultimately enables successful infection and replication within host cells. Given the significance of MTase in viral infection and spread within the host, our study aimed to identify a natural inhibitor for this enzyme using docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. We collected a total of 12,971 natural compounds from 200 medicinal plants in the Middle East. After eliminating duplicate compounds, we had 5,749 unique ligand conformers, which we then subjected to high-throughput virtual screening against MTase. The most promising hits were further evaluated using the extra-precision (XP) tool. The affinity of these hits was also assessed by Prime-Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) tool. The analysis revealed that two standard controls (sinefungin and TO1119) and two Middle-Eastern compounds (folic acid and 1,2,4,6-tetragalloylglucose) exhibited the best XP docking scores. According to Prime MMGBSA calculations, the Middle-Eastern compounds showed higher affinities, with values of - 60.61 kcal/mol for 1,2,4,6-tetragalloylglucose and - 51.87 kcal/mol for folic acid, surpassing the controls (TO1119 at - 35.71 kcal/mol and sinefungin at - 31.51 kcal/mol). In the majority of Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, folic acid exhibited demonstrated greater stability than sinefungin. Further investigation revealed that folic acid occupied a critical position in the active site of MTase, which reduced its interaction with the mRNA substrate. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that folic acid is a highly promising natural compound for potential use in the cost-effective treatment of monkeypox virus. The identification of folic acid as a potential antiviral agent highlights the importance of nature in providing new therapeutic uses that have significant implications for global health, particularly in regions where monkeypox viral outbreaks are prevalent. However, it is essential to note that further wet-lab validations are necessary to confirm its efficacy for treatment in a medical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder O Hashim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babil, 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Mudher K Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College of Medical Science, Amarah, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
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2
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Gaffar NA, Zahid M, Asghar A, Shafiq MF, Jelani S, Rehan F. Biosynthesized metallic nanoparticles: A new era in cancer therapy. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300712. [PMID: 38653735 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global health crisis, claiming countless lives throughout the years. Traditional cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation often bring about severe side effects, underscoring the pressing need for innovative, more efficient, and less toxic therapies. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising technology capable of producing environmentally friendly anticancer nanoparticles. Among various nanoparticle types, metal-based nanoparticles stand out due to their exceptional performance and ease of use in methods of imaging. The widespread accessibility of biological precursors for synthesis based on plants of metal nanoparticles has made large-scale, eco-friendly production feasible. This evaluation provides a summary of the green strategy for synthesizing metal-based nanoparticles and explores their applications. Moreover, this review delves into the potential of phyto-based metal nanoparticles in combating cancer, shedding light on their probable mechanisms of action. These insights are invaluable for enhancing both biomedical and environmental applications. The study also touches on the numerous potential applications of nanotechnology in the field of medicine. Consequently, this research offers a concise and well-structured summary of nanotechnology, which should prove beneficial to researchers, engineers, and scientists embarking on future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Abdul Gaffar
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mavia Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Akleem Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Seemal Jelani
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farah Rehan
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP, Garse S, Khan J, Chakraborty S. Dietary Polyphenols: Review on Chemistry/Sources, Bioavailability/Metabolism, Antioxidant Effects, and Their Role in Disease Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:429. [PMID: 38671877 PMCID: PMC11047380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as secondary metabolites ubiquitous in plant sources, have emerged as pivotal bioactive compounds with far-reaching implications for human health. Plant polyphenols exhibit direct or indirect associations with biomolecules capable of modulating diverse physiological pathways. Due to their inherent abundance and structural diversity, polyphenols have garnered substantial attention from both the scientific and clinical communities. The review begins by providing an in-depth analysis of the chemical intricacies of polyphenols, shedding light on their structural diversity and the implications of such diversity on their biological activities. Subsequently, an exploration of the dietary origins of polyphenols elucidates the natural plant-based sources that contribute to their global availability. The discussion extends to the bioavailability and metabolism of polyphenols within the human body, unraveling the complex journey from ingestion to systemic effects. A central focus of the review is dedicated to unravelling the antioxidant effects of polyphenols, highlighting their role in combating oxidative stress and associated health conditions. The comprehensive analysis encompasses their impact on diverse health concerns such as hypertension, allergies, aging, and chronic diseases like heart stroke and diabetes. Insights into the global beneficial effects of polyphenols further underscore their potential as preventive and therapeutic agents. This review article critically examines the multifaceted aspects of dietary polyphenols, encompassing their chemistry, dietary origins, bioavailability/metabolism dynamics, and profound antioxidant effects. The synthesis of information presented herein aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and health enthusiasts, fostering a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between polyphenols and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur 522213, India
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Samiksha Garse
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D Y Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai 400614, India;
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
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4
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Nazeam JA, El-Emam SZ. Middle Eastern Plants with Potent Cytotoxic Effect Against Lung Cancer Cells. J Med Food 2024; 27:198-207. [PMID: 38381516 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of increasing global mortality with uprising health concerns and threats. Unfortunately, conventional chemotherapy has substantial side effects, limiting its relevance and prompting a quest for safe and efficient alternatives. For thousands of years, plants have provided a rich reservoir for curing a variety of ailments, including cancer. According to the World Health Organization, medicinal plants would be the best source of medications. However, only 25% of drugs in the present pharmacopoeia are derived from plants. Hence, further research into different plants is required to better understand their efficacy. Twenty extracts of widely distributed Middle Eastern plants were screened for the cytotoxic effect against lung cancer cell lines (A549). Eleven plants showed IC50 below 25 μg/mL, consequently, the bioactive extracts were further fractionated by graded precipitation using absolute ethanol. All fraction A (FA; crude polysaccharides precipitate) showed potent IC50, 0.2-5.5 μg/mL except the FA of Brassica juncea, Silybum marianum, and Phaseolus vulgaris, whereas FB fractions (filtrate) of Anastatica hierochuntica, Plantago ovate, Tussilago farfara, and Cucurbita moschata had lower efficacy than other fractions with IC50 values in the range of 0.1-7.7 μg/mL. The fractions of FA Taraxacum officinale and FB Ziziphus spina possess the most potent cytotoxic activity with IC50, 0.2 and 0.1 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle analysis of both fractions revealed an arrest at G1/S-phase and activation of apoptosis rather than necrosis as the mode of cell death. Therefore, T. officinale and Z. spina fractions may pave the way to manage lung carcinoma as an alternative and complementary food regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilan A Nazeam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Soad Z El-Emam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
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Sawaya K, Abou Najem S, Khawaja G, Khalil M. Proapoptotic and Antiproliferative Effects of the Desert Truffle Terfezia boudieri on Colon Cancer Cell Lines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:1693332. [PMID: 37064948 PMCID: PMC10104735 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1693332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and ranks third among cancers in terms of prevalence. Despite advances in early detection and treatment with chemotherapy and surgery, colon cancer continues to be associated with high recurrence rates, thereby resulting in a heavy disease burden. Moreover, the effectiveness of currently available treatment modalities is limited by the occurrence of toxic side effects. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop alternative treatments. Extracts from the black desert truffle Terfezia boudieri (T. boudieri) have shown promising anticancer properties. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying this activity remain poorly understood. Methods In this study, the colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and Caco-2 were treated with either water or ethanolic extract of T. boudieri. Cell viability and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration were determined using MTT assays. Then, the activity of the more potent water extract was further verified using crystal violet assays, and its role in inhibiting colony formation and wound healing was investigated. Protein levels of p53, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), cyclin D1 (CCND1), and c-Myc were measured in cells treated with different doses of the water extract. Results Treatment with the water extract of T. boudieri reduced the capacity of cells for wound healing and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and p53 expression were elevated in both cell lines. In contrast, the levels of cyclin D1 and c-Myc were suppressed. Conclusion T. boudieri water extract exerted a cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells, and blocked colony formation and wound healing potentially through inhibition of proliferation. Mechanistically, these effects are attributed to influence the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, proteins involved in cellular proliferation, and the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Sawaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sonia Abou Najem
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ghada Khawaja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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ELhabal SF, Elwy HM, Hassanin S, El-Rashedy AA, Hamza AA, Khasawneh MA. Biosynthesis and Characterization of Gold and Copper Nanoparticles from Salvadora persica Fruit Extracts and Their Biological Properties. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6095-6112. [PMID: 36514376 PMCID: PMC9741820 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s385543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metal nanoparticle synthesis using plant has emerged as an eco-friendly, clean, and viable strategy alternative to chemical and physical approaches. Methods The fruit extract of Salvadora persica (SP) was utilized as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of gold (AuNPs) and copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles. Results UV-Vis spectra of the AuNPs and CuNPs showed peaks at the wavelengths of 530 nm and 440 nm, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy showed that nanoparticles exhibited a mainly spherical form, with a distribution range of 100 to 113 nm in diameter for AuNPs and of 130 to 135 nm in diameter for CuNPs. While energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was able to confirm the existence of AuNPs and CuNPs. The alcoholic extract of the fruit SP was analyzed by GC-MS in order to identify whether or not it contained any active phytochemicals. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed the presence capping functional biomolecules of SP on the surface of nanoparticles that acts as stabilizers. Analysis of the zeta potential revealed that NPs with high degree of stability, as demonstrated by a strong negative potential value in the range of 25.2 to 28.7 mV. Results showed that both green AuNPs and CuNPs have potential antimicrobial activity against human pathogens such gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria, with CuNPs having antimicrobial activity higher than AuNPs. In addition, AuNPs and CuNPs have promising antioxidant and anticancer properties when applied to MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Studies of molecular docking of SP bioactive compounds were conducted against methenyl tetrahydrofolate synthetase. Among all of them, Beta - Sitosterol was the most prominent. Conclusion These AuNPs and CuNPs are particularly appealing in a variety of applications in the pharmaceutical and medicinal industries due to their economical and environmentally friendly production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammar Fathy ELhabal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Mohamed Elwy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Soha Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Modern University for Technology and information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Rashedy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaaeldin Ahmed Hamza
- Biology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates,Correspondence: Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh; Alaaeldin Ahmed Hamza, Email ;
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7
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Samir M, Geioushy RA, El-Sherbiny S, Fouad OA. Enhancing the anti-ageing, antimicrobial activity and mechanical properties of surface-coated paper by Ag@TiO 2-modified nanopigments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:72515-72527. [PMID: 35610452 PMCID: PMC9129063 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of using Ag-doped TiO2 nanopigments on optical, mechanical and antimicrobial properties of coated paper was explored. Furthermore, the long-term antimicrobial activity of the coated paper was examined for up to 25 years. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have been synthesized and doped with different percentages of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using a simple wet chemical approach. The Ag@TiO2 modified nanopigments were in the form of nanorods with an average size of about 20 nm as observed from TEM images. Increasing Ag content from 0.01 to 1.0% showed an increase in the mechanical properties of coated paper in terms of tensile, stretching, tensile energy absorption and burst while preserving the optical properties. Moreover, the antimicrobial inhibition activity increased with increasing the Ag content. The 1% Ag@TiO2 showed a long-lasting antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Gram-positive bacteria even after 25 years of ageing (93.4% inhibition). Investigation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and reaction mechanism of antimicrobial activity over Ag/TiO2 under visible light is proposed. These results suggest that Ag/TiO2 NPs can be potentially used as a disinfection coating for paper and improving its mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Samir
- Paper and Printing Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A Geioushy
- Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology Department, Advanced Materials Institute, Central Metallurgical R & D Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box, 87, Helwan, 11421, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samya El-Sherbiny
- Paper and Printing Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Osama A Fouad
- Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology Department, Advanced Materials Institute, Central Metallurgical R & D Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box, 87, Helwan, 11421, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yeo WWY, Maran S, Kong ASY, Cheng WH, Lim SHE, Loh JY, Lai KS. A Metal-Containing NP Approach to Treat Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Prospects and Challenges. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15175802. [PMID: 36079184 PMCID: PMC9456709 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of pneumonia in humans, and it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in immunocompromised patients. Its high rate of multidrug resistance led to an exploration of novel antimicrobials. Metal nanoparticles have shown potent antibacterial activity, thus instigating their application in MRSA. This review summarizes current insights of Metal-Containing NPs in treating MRSA. This review also provides an in-depth appraisal of opportunities and challenges in utilizing metal-NPs to treat MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Wai Yeng Yeo
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sathiya Maran
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Amanda Shen-Yee Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Hee Cheng
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Centre of Research for Advanced Aquaculture (COORA), UCSI University, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates
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Salvadora persica attenuates DMBA-induced mammary cancer through downregulation oxidative stress, estrogen receptor expression and proliferation and augmenting apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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10
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Lee PT, Yamamoto FY, Low CF, Loh JY, Chong CM. Gut Immune System and the Implications of Oral-Administered Immunoprophylaxis in Finfish Aquaculture. Front Immunol 2022; 12:773193. [PMID: 34975860 PMCID: PMC8716388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.773193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal immune system plays an important role in immune homeostasis regulation. It regulates the symbiotic host-microbiome interactions by training and developing the host's innate and adaptive immunity. This interaction plays a vital role in host defence mechanisms and at the same time, balancing the endogenous perturbations of the host immune homeostasis. The fish gastrointestinal immune system is armed with intricate diffused gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs) that establish tolerance toward the enormous commensal gut microbiome while preserving immune responses against the intrusion of enteric pathogens. A comprehensive understanding of the intestinal immune system is a prerequisite for developing an oral vaccine and immunostimulants in aquaculture, particularly in cultured fish species. In this review, we outline the remarkable features of gut immunity and the essential components of gut-associated lymphoid tissue. The mechanistic principles underlying the antigen absorption and uptake through the intestinal epithelial, and the subsequent immune activation through a series of molecular events are reviewed. The emphasis is on the significance of gut immunity in oral administration of immunoprophylactics, and the different potential adjuvants that circumvent intestinal immune tolerance. Comprehension of the intestinal immune system is pivotal for developing effective fish vaccines that can be delivered orally, which is less labour-intensive and could improve fish health and facilitate disease management in the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Fernando Y Yamamoto
- Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, United States
| | - Chen-Fei Low
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Centre of Research for Advanced Aquaculture (CORAA), UCSI University, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Chou-Min Chong
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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11
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Khan S, Hussain A, Attar F, Bloukh SH, Edis Z, Sharifi M, Balali E, Nemati F, Derakhshankhah H, Zeinabad HA, Nabi F, Khan RH, Hao X, Lin Y, Hua L, Ten Hagen TLM, Falahati M. A review of the berberine natural polysaccharide nanostructures as potential anticancer and antibacterial agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112531. [PMID: 34906771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the promising medicinal properties, berberine (BBR), due to its relatively poor solubility in plasma, low bio-stability and limited bioavailability is not used broadly in clinical stages. Due to these drawbacks, drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on nanoscale natural polysaccharides, are applied to address these concerns. Natural polymers are biodegradable, non-immunogenic, biocompatible, and non-toxic agents that are capable of trapping large amounts of hydrophobic compounds in relatively small volumes. The use of nanoscale natural polysaccharide improves the stability and pharmacokinetics of the small molecules and, consequently, increases the therapeutic effects and reduces the side effects of the small molecules. Therefore, this paper presents an overview of the different methods used for increasing the BBR solubility and bioavailability. Afterwards, the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic of BBR nanostructures were discussed followed by the introduction of natural polysaccharides of plant (cyclodextrines, glucomannan), the shells of crustaceans (chitosan), and the cell wall of brown marine algae (alginate)-based origins used to improve the dissolution rate of poorly soluble BBR and their anticancer and antibacterial properties. Finally, the anticancer and antibacterial mechanisms of free BBR and BBR nanostructures were surveyed. In conclusion, this review may pave the way for providing some useful data in the development of BBR-based platforms for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Food Industry & Agriculture, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zehra Edis
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Balali
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Nemati
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hojjat Alizadeh Zeinabad
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Institute of Pathology, Univesity of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, India
| | | | - Xiao Hao
- Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yueting Lin
- High Level Talent Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Hua
- Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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12
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Hassanisaadi M, Bonjar GHS, Rahdar A, Pandey S, Hosseinipour A, Abdolshahi R. Environmentally Safe Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Water Extracts. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082033. [PMID: 34443864 PMCID: PMC8400837 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to their simplicity of synthesis, stability, and functionalization, low toxicity, and ease of detection, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a natural choice for biomedical applications. AuNPs’ unique optoelectronic features have subsequently been investigated and used in high-tech applications such as organic photovoltaics, sensory probes, therapeutic agents, the administration of drugs in biological and medical applications, electronic devices, catalysis, etc. Researchers have demonstrated the biosynthesis of AuNPs using plants. The present study evaluates 109 plant species used in the traditional medicine of Middle East countries as new sources of AuNPs in a wide variety of laboratory environments. In this study, dried samples of bark, bulb, flower, fruit, gum, leaf, petiole, rhizome, root, seed, stamen, and above-ground parts were evaluated in water extracts. About 117 plant parts were screened from 109 species in 54 plant families, with 102 extracts demonstrating a bioreduction of Au3+ to Au0, revealing 37 new plant species in this regard. The color change of biosynthesized AuNPs to gray, violet, or red was confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, TEM, FSEM, DLS, and EDAX of six plants. In this study, AuNPs of various sizes were measured from 27 to 107 nm. This study also includes an evaluation of the potency of traditional East Asian medicinal plants used in this biosynthesis of AuNPs. An environmentally safe procedure such as this could act as a foundation for cosmetic industries whose quality assessment systems give a high priority to non-chemically synthesized products. It is crucial that future optimizations are adequately documented to scale up the described process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi
- Department of Plant Protection, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7618411764, Iran; (M.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Gholam Hosein Shahidi Bonjar
- Department of Plant Protection, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7618411764, Iran; (M.H.); (A.H.)
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
- Correspondence: (G.H.S.B.); or (S.P.)
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 98615-538, Iran;
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.H.S.B.); or (S.P.)
| | - Akbar Hosseinipour
- Department of Plant Protection, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7618411764, Iran; (M.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Roohollah Abdolshahi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7618411764, Iran;
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Phytomedicine from Middle Eastern Countries: An Alternative Remedy to Modern Medicine against Candida spp Infection. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6694876. [PMID: 34335836 PMCID: PMC8298167 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6694876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Candida spp are capable of infecting both normal and immunocompromised individuals. More recently, Candida infections have spread considerably in healthcare settings, especially in intensive care units, where it is the most frequently encountered pathogen. Candida albicans is the commonest species encountered, although infections by non-albicans species have also risen in the past few years. The pathogenicity of Candida is credited to its aptitude to change between yeast and hyphal modes of growth. Candida spp produce biofilms on synthetic materials that protect them and facilitate drug resistance and act as a source for chronic and recurrent infections. Primarily, azoles antifungal agents are utilized to treat Candida infection that targets the ergosterol synthesis pathway in the cell wall. The development of antifungal resistance in Candida species is a major reason for treatment failure, and hence, there is a need to develop newer antifungal molecules and/or modifications of existing antifungals to make them more effective and less toxic. This has led researchers to oversee the plants to discover newer antimicrobials. Middle Eastern countries are well known for their landscape ranging from dry and sandy deserts to snow-capped mountains. However, they comprise enormous plant diversity with over 20,000 different species showing various types of bioactivities, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities. Especially, the antifungal potential of these phytoproducts could be exploited in the clinical setting for therapy. The present review examines some of the promising alternative natural compounds that have been tested and found effective in treating Candida infections in vitro in some Middle Eastern countries.
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Koshak AE, Algandaby MM, Mujallid MI, Abdel-Naim AB, Alhakamy NA, Fahmy UA, Alfarsi A, Badr-Eldin SM, Neamatallah T, Nasrullah MZ, M Abdallah H, Esmat A. Wound Healing Activity of Opuntia ficus-indica Fixed Oil Formulated in a Self-Nanoemulsifying Formulation. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3889-3905. [PMID: 34135583 PMCID: PMC8200171 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s299696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delayed wound healing represents a common health hazard. Traditional herbal products have been often utilized to promote wound contraction. The current study aimed at assessing the wound healing activity of Opuntia ficus-indica seed oil (OFI) and its self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (OFI-SNEDDS) formula in a rat model of full-thickness skin excision. METHODS Based on droplet size, an optimized OFI-SNEDDS formula was prepared and used for subsequent evaluation. Wound healing activity of OFI and OFI-SNEDDS was studied in vivo. RESULTS The optimized OFI-SNEDDS formula droplet size was 50.02 nm. The formula exhibited superior healing activities as compared to regular OFI seed oil-treated rats at day 14 of wounding. This effect was further confirmed by histopathological examinations of H&E and Masson's Trichrome-stained skin sections. Moreover, OFI-SNEDDS showed the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as compared to OFI seed oil-treated animals. Both OFI and OFI-SNEDDS significantly enhanced hydroxyproline skin content and upregulated Col1A1 mRNA expression, accompanied by enhanced expression of transforming factor-beta (TGF-β). Further, OFI-SNEDDS improved angiogenesis as evidenced by increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). CONCLUSION OFI possesses wound healing properties that are enhanced by self-emulsification of the oil into nano-droplets. The observed activity can be attributed, at least partly, to its anti-inflammatory, pro-collagen and angiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman E Koshak
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mardi M Algandaby
- Medicinal Plants Research Group, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad I Mujallid
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alfarsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Z Nasrullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Arsène MMJ, Podoprigora IV, Davares AKL, Razan M, Das MS, Senyagin AN. Antibacterial activity of grapefruit peel extracts and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles. Vet World 2021; 14:1330-1341. [PMID: 34220139 PMCID: PMC8243687 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1330-1341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The gradual loss of efficacy of conventional antibiotics is a global issue. Plant material extracts and green-synthesized nanoparticles are among the most promising options to address this problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial properties of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of grapefruit peels as well as their inclusion in green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts (80% v/v) were prepared, and the volume and mass yields were determined. The synthesis of AgNPs was done in an eco-friendly manner using AgNO3 as a precursor. The nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-vis spectrometry and photon cross-correlation spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested on three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, clinical Enterococcus faecalis, and S. aureus) and two Gram-negative bacteria (two clinical Escherichia coli) using various concentrations of extracts (100, 50, 25, 12, and 5 mg/mL and 5% dimethyl sulfoxide as negative control). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the microdilution method. Modulation of cefazoline and ampicillin on resistant E. coli and S. aureus strains was added to the mixture design response surface methodology with extreme vertices design, with the diameters of inhibition and the fractional inhibitory concentration index as responses and factors, respectively. The antibiotic, the ethanolic extract, and water varied from 0.1 MIC to 0.9 MIC for the first two and from 0 to 0.8 in proportion for the third. Validating the models was done by calculating the absolute average deviation, bias factor, and accuracy factor. RESULTS The volume yield of the EE and aqueous extract (AE) was 96.2% and 93.8% (v/v), respectively, whereas their mass yields were 7.84% and 9.41% (m/m), respectively. The synthesized AgNPs were very uniform and homogeneous, and their size was dependent on the concentration of AgNO3. The antibacterial activity of the two extracts was dose-dependent, and the largest inhibition diameter was observed for the Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus ATCC 6538; AE, 12; EE, 16), whereas AgNPs had a greater effect on Gram-negative bacteria. The MICs (mg/mL) of the AEs varied from 3.125 (S. aureus ATCC 6538) to 12.5 (E. coli 1 and E. coli 2), whereas the MICs of the EEs varied from 1.5625 (S. aureus 1, S. aureus ATCC 6538, and E. faecalis) to 6.25 (E. coli 1). There was a significant difference between the MICs of AEs and EEs (p=0.014). The MBCs (mg/mL) of the AEs varied from 12.5 (S. aureus ATCC 6538) to 50 (S. aureus 1), whereas those of the EEs varied from 6.25 (S. aureus 1) to 25 (E. coli 1 and E. faecalis). Ethanolic grapefruit extracts demonstrated an ability to modulate cefazolin on E. coli and S. aureus but were completely indifferent to ampicillin on E. coli. CONCLUSION Grapefruit peel extracts and their AgNPs exhibit antibacterial properties that can be exploited for the synthesis of new antimicrobials and their EEs may be efficiently used synergistically with other antibiotics against bacteria with intermediate susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbarga M. J. Arsène
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medicine, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. V. Podoprigora
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medicine, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anyutoulou K. L. Davares
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, National School of Agro-industrial Sciences, University Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Marouf Razan
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medicine, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. S. Das
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medicine, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. N. Senyagin
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medicine, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Varijakzhan D, Loh JY, Yap WS, Yusoff K, Seboussi R, Lim SHE, Lai KS, Chong CM. Bioactive Compounds from Marine Sponges: Fundamentals and Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:246. [PMID: 33925365 PMCID: PMC8146879 DOI: 10.3390/md19050246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are sessile invertebrates that can be found in temperate, polar and tropical regions. They are known to be major contributors of bioactive compounds, which are discovered in and extracted from the marine environment. The compounds extracted from these sponges are known to exhibit various bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, antitumor and general cytotoxicity. For example, various compounds isolated from Theonella swinhoei have showcased various bioactivities, such as those that are antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal. In this review, we discuss bioactive compounds that have been identified from marine sponges that showcase the ability to act as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-malarial and antifungal agents against human pathogens and fish pathogens in the aquaculture industry. Moreover, the application of such compounds as antimicrobial agents in other veterinary commodities, such as poultry, cattle farming and domesticated cats, is discussed, along with a brief discussion regarding the mode of action of these compounds on the targeted sites in various pathogens. The bioactivity of the compounds discussed in this review is focused mainly on compounds that have been identified between 2000 and 2020 and includes the novel compounds discovered from 2018 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Varijakzhan
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (J.-Y.L.); (W.-S.Y.)
| | - Wai-Sum Yap
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (J.-Y.L.); (W.-S.Y.)
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Rabiha Seboussi
- Health Sciences Division, Al Ain Men’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain 17155, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Chou-Min Chong
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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Khattak MNK, Shanableh A, Hussain MI, Khan AA, Abdulwahab M, Radeef W, Samreen MH. Anticancer activities of selected Emirati Date ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties pits in human triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3390-3396. [PMID: 33304147 PMCID: PMC7715048 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an important fruit crop with significant pharmaceutical potential. Little data are available on comparative pharmaceutical importance of the date pits. We designed this study to assess the antitumorigenic effects of date palm pits extracts from different Emiratis varieties. We used MDA-MB-231 cells derived from triple negative breasts cancer tissues as a model. We found that out of the 17 date pits extracts from 6 Emiratis varieties, three (Khalas extract in water + acetone (1:1), Abu-Maan extract in MeOH + Chloroform (1:1) and Mabroom extract in water + acetone (1:1)) were found effectively cytotoxic and changed morphology of cells in dose and time dependent manner. We found the maximum effect at 2.5 mg/mL concentration at 72 h. We calculated IC50 values for these varieties at 24 h. IC50 values for Khalas, Abu-Maan and Mabroom were 0.982 mg/mL, 1.149 mg/mL and 2.213 mg/mL respectively. We treated the cells with IC50 values of extracts and observed changes in protein profile using human kinase array kit. After analyzing the results, we suggest that EGFR/ERK/FAK pathway, eNOS and src family proteins are targets of these extracts. We conclude that date pits extracts can be a possible therapeutic agent against cancer and we suggest further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nasir Khan Khattak
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Human Genetics and Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdallah Shanableh
- Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain
- Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Amir Ali Khan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Human Genetics and Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Abdulwahab
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wameed Radeef
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mohammad Harb Samreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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