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Navarré A, Nazareth T, Luz C, Meca G, Escrivá L. Characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from human breast milk and their bioactive metabolites with potential application as a probiotic food supplement. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38989729 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The probiotic properties of twenty-five lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from human breast milk were investigated considering their resistance to gastrointestinal conditions and proteolytic activity. Seven LAB were identified and assessed for auto- and co-aggregation capacity, antibiotic resistance, and behavior during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Three Lacticaseibacillus strains were further evaluated for antifungal activity, metabolite production (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS) and proteolytic profiles (SDS-PAGE and HPLC-DAD) in fermented milk, whey, and soy beverage. All strains resisted in vitro gastrointestinal digestion with viable counts higher than 7.9 log10 CFU mL-1 after the colonic phase. Remarkable proteolytic activity was observed for 18/25 strains. Bacterial auto- and co-aggregation of 7 selected strains reached values up to 23 and 20%, respectively. L. rhamnosus B5H2, L. rhamnosus B9H2 and L. paracasei B10L2 inhibited P. verrucosum, F. verticillioides and F. graminearum fungal growth, highlighting L. rhamnosus B5H2. Several metabolites were identified, including antifungal compounds such as phenylacetic acid and 3-phenyllactic acid, and volatile organic compounds produced in fermented milk, whey, and soy beverage. SDS-PAGE demonstrated bacterial hydrolysis of the main milk (caseins) and soy (glycines and beta-conglycines) proteins, with no apparent hydrolysis of whey proteins. However, HPLC-DAD revealed alpha-lactoglobulin reduction up to 82% and 54% in milk and whey, respectively, with L. rhamnosus B5H2 showing the highest proteolytic activity. Overall, the three selected Lacticaseibacillus strains demonstrated probiotic capacity highlighting L. rhamnosus B5H2 with remarkable potential for generating bioactive metabolites and peptides which are capable of promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Navarré
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av/Vicent A. Estellés, s/n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Tiago Nazareth
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av/Vicent A. Estellés, s/n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carlos Luz
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av/Vicent A. Estellés, s/n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Giuseppe Meca
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av/Vicent A. Estellés, s/n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura Escrivá
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av/Vicent A. Estellés, s/n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Chen J, Huang Y, Wang X, He J, Li W, Lu M, Sun X, Yin Y. Revealing core functional microorganisms in the fermentation process of Qicaipaojiao (Capsicum annuum L.) based on microbial metabolic network. Food Res Int 2024; 187:114315. [PMID: 38763628 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Paojiao, a typical Chinese traditional fermented pepper, is favored by consumers for its unique flavor profile. Microorganisms, organic acids, amino acids, and volatile compounds are the primary constituents influencing the development of paojiao's flavor. To elucidate the key flavor compounds and core microorganisms of Qicaipaojiao (QCJ), this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the changes in taste substances (organic acids and amino acids) and volatile flavor compounds during QCJ fermentation. Key flavor substances in QCJ were identified using threshold aroma value and odor activity value and the core microorganisms of QCJ were determined based on the correlation between dominant microorganisms and the key flavor substances. During QCJ fermentation, 16 key taste substances (12 free amino acids and 4 organic acids) and 12 key aroma substances were identified. The fermentation process involved 10 bacteria and 7 fungal genera, including Lactiplantibacillus, Leuconostoc, Klebsiella, Pichia, Wickerhamomyces, and Candida. Correlation analysis revealed that the core functional microorganisms encompassed representatives from 8 genera, including 5 bacterial genera (Lactiplantibacillus, Weissella, Leuconostoc, Klebsiella, and Kluyvera) and 3 fungal genera (Rhodotorula, Phallus, and Pichia). These core functional microorganisms exhibited significant correlations with approximately 70 % of the key flavor substances (P < 0.05). This study contributes to an enhanced understanding of flavor formation mechanisms and offers valuable insight into flavor quality control in food fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Chen
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xueya Wang
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China.
| | - Jianwen He
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China.
| | - Wenxin Li
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Min Lu
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Chili Pepper Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
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Diez-Ozaeta I, Vázquez-Araújo L, Estrada O, Puente T, Regefalk J. Exploring the Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria Blends in Shaping the Volatile Composition of Fermented Dairy and Rice-Based Beverages: A Step towards Innovative Plant-Based Alternatives. Foods 2024; 13:664. [PMID: 38472776 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based products are currently gaining consumers' attention due mainly to the interest in reducing the consumption of foods of animal origin. A comparison of two fermentative processes utilizing dairy milk and a rice beverage was conducted in the present study, using a commercial lactic acid bacteria strain combination (CH) and a selected mixture of lactic acid bacteria from yogurt (LLV). Cell viability and physicochemical characteristics (total soluble solids, pH, total acidity) were determined to describe the samples before and after fermentation, as well as the volatile composition (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and the sensory profile (Rate-All-That-Apply test). Results of the analyses showed significant differences among samples, with a clear effect of the raw material on the volatile profile and the sensory characterization, as well as a significant effect of the microbial combination used to ferment the matrices. In general, the selected LLV strains showed a greater effect on both matrices than the commercial combination. Dairy samples were characterized by a volatile profile represented by different chemical families (ketones, lactones, acids, etc.), which contributed to the common descriptive attributes of milk and yogurt (e.g., dairy, cheese). In contrast, rice beverages were mainly characterized by the presence of aldehydes and alcohols (cereal, legume, nutty).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Diez-Ozaeta
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Laura Vázquez-Araújo
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Culinary Center, Faculty of Gastronomic Sciences, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Olaia Estrada
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Telmo Puente
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - John Regefalk
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Culinary Center, Faculty of Gastronomic Sciences, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Dan T, Hu H, Tian J, He B, Tai J, He Y. Influence of Different Ratios of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus on Fermentation Characteristics of Yogurt. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052123. [PMID: 36903370 PMCID: PMC10004190 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are industrially important bacteria that are widely used in the fermented food industry, especially in the manufacture of yogurt. The fermentation characteristics of LAB are an important factor affecting the physicochemical properties of yogurts. Here, different ratios of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMAU20312 and S. thermophilus IMAU80809 were compared with a commercial starter JD (control) for their effects on viable cell counts, pH values, titratable acidity (TA), viscosity and water holding capacity (WHC) of milk during fermentation. Sensory evaluation and flavour profiles were also determined at the end of fermentation. All samples had a viable cell count above 5.59 × 107 CFU/mL at the end of fermentation, and a significant increase in TA and decrease in pH were observed. Viscosity, WHC and the sensory evaluation results of one treatment ratio (A3) were closer to the commercial starter control than the others. A total of 63 volatile flavour compounds and 10 odour-active (OAVs) compounds were detected in all treatment ratios and the control according to the results from solid-phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). Principal components analysis (PCA) also indicated that the flavour characteristics of the A3 treatment ratio were closer to the control. These results help us understand how the fermentation characteristics of yogurts are affected by the ratio of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus to S. thermophilus in starter cultures; this is useful for the development of value-added fermented dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Dan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Hohhot 010018, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Haimin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jiale Tian
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Binbin He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jiahui Tai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yanyan He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Hohhot 010018, China
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Krastanov A, Georgiev M, Slavchev A, Blazheva D, Goranov B, Ibrahim SA. Design and Volatile Compound Profiling of Starter Cultures for Yogurt Preparation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020379. [PMID: 36673475 PMCID: PMC9858186 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable symbiotic starter cultures were created using selected strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus with antimicrobial activity against pathogens and necessary antibiotic sensitivity, growth kinetic parameters, and metabolic profiles. The volatile compound profiles of the obtained starter cultures were determined and their specificity was proven depending on the ratio of monocultures in each combination. The influence of the freeze-drying process on the starter cultures in relation to the production of aromatic components was investigated and it was demonstrated that this process had a significant effect on the content of the aroma-forming substances in the fermented milk. However, the influence of the pre-cooling process and crude fat content from 1.5 to 3.0% did not notably affect the levels of volatile compounds synthesized by the selected starter cultures. Comprehensive data for all volatile aromatic metabolites in the fermented milk were also obtained. These designed symbiotic starter cultures can be used to produce traditional Bulgarian yogurt with increased functional and probiotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Krastanov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Marin Georgiev
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Aleksandar Slavchev
- Department of Microbiology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Denica Blazheva
- Department of Microbiology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
| | - Bogdan Goranov
- Department of Microbiology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Salam A. Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Food and Nutritional Science Program, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411-1064, USA
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Xu J, Xu X, Yuan Z, Hua D, Yan Y, Bai M, Song H, Yang L, Zhu D, Liu J, Huo D, Liu H. Effect of hemp protein on the physicochemical properties and flavor components of plant-based yogurt. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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7
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Qiu L, Zhang M, Chang L. Effects of lactic acid bacteria fermentation on the phytochemicals content, taste and aroma of blended edible rose and shiitake beverage. Food Chem 2022; 405:134722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li H, Gao J, Chen W, Qian C, Wang Y, Wang J, Chen L. Lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kazakh traditional fermented milk products affect the fermentation characteristics and sensory qualities of yogurt. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1451-1460. [PMID: 35592282 PMCID: PMC9094460 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a crucial role in the development of the taste, texture, and aroma of traditional fermented milk products. Five LABs from Kazakh traditionally prepared dairy products showed continuous subculture stability, as well as proper acidification and coagulation ability. They were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus (1–5, 1–7), Enterococcus faecium (1–19), and Lactobacillus plantarum (1–12, 1–15). Their coagulation time and acidity values ranged from 5.97 to 12.78 h and 76.47 to 89.39°T. Yogurts prepared with L. plantarum were more condensed and textural integrity than those with P. pentosaceus and E. faecium. Determination of the volatile compound profiles suggested a higher diversity of volatile compounds than the control. The sensory evaluation presented positive overall sensory quality scores for the yogurts prepared with 1–12 and 1–15. The results provide additional information regarding the contributions of native LABs to the unique flavor and sensory qualities of traditionally prepared milk products. They may help to select starters or adjunct starters for developing distinctive, traditional nomadic fermented milk to satisfy consumer demand and increase market acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Dairy Future Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Health & Food Safety Beijing Engineering Laboratory for Geriatric Nutrition Food Research COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute Beijing China
| | - Jiaxing Gao
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Dairy Future Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Health & Food Safety Beijing Engineering Laboratory for Geriatric Nutrition Food Research COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute Beijing China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Dairy Future Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Health & Food Safety Beijing Engineering Laboratory for Geriatric Nutrition Food Research COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute Beijing China
| | - Chengjing Qian
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Dairy Future Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Health & Food Safety Beijing Engineering Laboratory for Geriatric Nutrition Food Research COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute Beijing China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing China
| | - Lishui Chen
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Dairy Future Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Health & Food Safety Beijing Engineering Laboratory for Geriatric Nutrition Food Research COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute Beijing China
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Papaioannou G, Kosma I, Badeka AV, Kontominas MG. Profile of Volatile Compounds in Dessert Yogurts Prepared from Cow and Goat Milk, Using Different Starter Cultures and Probiotics. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123153. [PMID: 34945703 PMCID: PMC8701116 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of volatile compounds (aroma) and overall flavor in dessert yogurts prepared from cow and goat milk, using three different, commercially available starter cultures, in the presence or absence of probiotic bacteria and to correlate this to organoleptic evaluation results obtained using a consumer acceptability method. The extraction of volatile compounds was carried out by solid phase micro-extraction; separation and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Variations among the different classes of compounds (i.e., aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, volatile acids, hydrocarbons, and terpenes) were recorded for different treatments. The results showed that the main volatiles in the cow milk dessert yogurts without Bifidobacterium BB-12 were: acetaldehyde, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 3-OH-2-butanone, 2-propanone, hexanoic acid and limonene). Respective volatiles in cow milk dessert yogurts with Bifidobacterium BB-12 were: acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal, the same ketones, acetic acid and limonene). The volatiles in goat milk dessert yogurts without Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 were: acetaldehyde, the same ketones, no carboxylic acids, limonene, camphene, α- and β-pinene. Respective volatiles in goat milk dessert yogurts with Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 were: aldehydes acetaldehyde, the same ketones, butanoic acid, α-pinene and camphene varying in concentration in different samples. Based on the results of volatiles and organoleptic evaluation, it can be concluded that dessert yogurts from cow milk without probiotic bacterial strains using the mild and classic starter cultures, and dessert yogurts from goat milk with probiotic bacterial strains using the classic and acidic starter cultures are found to be more organoleptically acceptable by consumers. In most cases, a positive correlation was found between dessert yogurt organoleptically determined flavor and volatiles (aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids).
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Xia Y, Yu J, Liu H, Feng C, Shuang Q. Novel insight into physicochemical and flavor formation in koumiss based on microbial metabolic network. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110659. [PMID: 34600661 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Koumiss, naturally fermented mare's milk, has a unique flavor that is affected by its resident microflora. In this study, we analyzed time-dependent changes in the microbiota and volatile metabolite profiles of koumiss using high-throughput sequencing and liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The dominant microrganisms in mare milk were Enterobacter and Rhodotorula, which were gradually suppressed, then Lactobacillus and Dekkera became the core microorganisms of koumiss. 17 FAA and 52 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified during koumiss fermentation, including 19 odor active compounds and 15 differential metabolites of VOCs, mainly acids and esters, and their anabolism showed significant positive correlations with Lactobacillus and Dekkera. The microbial metabolic network showed that Lactobacillus and Dekkera were identified as the most important flavor-producing microbiota due to their significantly positive correlation with the formation of 33 and 28 flavor metabolites, respectively. These microorganisms produce enzymes that catalyze a series of metabolic pathways that generate VOCs, including carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Our findings provide new guidance for the screening and application of flavor-producing microorganisms inkoumiss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Quan Shuang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
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Wang SY, Huang RF, Ng KS, Chen YP, Shiu JS, Chen MJ. Co-Culture Strategy of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens HL1 for Developing Functional Fermented Milk. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092098. [PMID: 34574208 PMCID: PMC8466150 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens HL1, isolated from kefir grain, has strong antioxidant activities and anti-aging effects. However, this strain is difficult to use in isolation when manufacturing fermented products due to poor viability in milk. Thus, the purpose of this study was to apply a co-culture strategy to develop a novel probiotic fermented milk rich in L. kefiranofaciens HL1. Each of four selected starter cultures was co-cultured with kefir strain HL1 in different media to evaluate their effects on microbial activity and availability of milk fermentation. The results of a colony size test on de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar agar, microbial viability, and acidification performance in MRS broth and skimmed milk suggested that Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris APL15 is a suitable candidate for co-culturing with HL1. We then co-cultured HL1 and APL15 in skimmed milk and report remarkable improvement in fermentation ability and no negative impact on the viability of strain HL1 or textural and rheological properties of the milk. Through a co-culture strategy, we have improved the viability of kefir strain HL1 in fermented skimmed milk products and successfully developed a novel milk product with a unique flavor and sufficient probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yao Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (R.-F.H.); (K.-S.N.)
| | - Ren-Feng Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (R.-F.H.); (K.-S.N.)
| | - Ker-Sin Ng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (R.-F.H.); (K.-S.N.)
| | - Yen-Po Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Shian Shiu
- Hengchun Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung 94644, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Ju Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (R.-F.H.); (K.-S.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-33664169
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