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Templ J, Schnürch M. Allylation of C-, N-, and O-Nucleophiles via a Mechanochemically-Driven Tsuji-Trost Reaction Suitable for Late-Stage Modification of Bioactive Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314637. [PMID: 37931225 PMCID: PMC10952285 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the first solvent-free, mechanochemical protocol for a palladium-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allylation. This approach features exceptionally low catalyst loadings (0.5 mol %), short reaction times (<90 min), and a simple setup, eliminating the need for air or moisture precautions, making the process highly efficient and environmentally benign. We introduce solid, nontoxic, and easy-to-handle allyl trimethylammonium salts as valuable alternative to volatile or hazardous reagents. Our approach enables the allylation of various O-, N-, and C-nucleophiles in yields up to 99 % even for structurally complex bioactive compounds, owing to its mild conditions and exceptional functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Templ
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU WienGetreidemarkt 9/E1631060ViennaAustria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU WienGetreidemarkt 9/E1631060ViennaAustria
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2
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Templ J, Schnürch M. Allylation of C-, N-, and O-Nucleophiles via a Mechanochemically-Driven Tsuji-Trost Reaction Suitable for Late-Stage Modification of Bioactive Molecules. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 136:e202314637. [PMID: 38516646 PMCID: PMC10953357 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202314637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
We present the first solvent-free, mechanochemical protocol for a palladium-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allylation. This approach features exceptionally low catalyst loadings (0.5 mol %), short reaction times (<90 min), and a simple setup, eliminating the need for air or moisture precautions, making the process highly efficient and environmentally benign. We introduce solid, nontoxic, and easy-to-handle allyl trimethylammonium salts as valuable alternative to volatile or hazardous reagents. Our approach enables the allylation of various O-, N-, and C-nucleophiles in yields up to 99 % even for structurally complex bioactive compounds, owing to its mild conditions and exceptional functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Templ
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU WienGetreidemarkt 9/E1631060ViennaAustria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU WienGetreidemarkt 9/E1631060ViennaAustria
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3
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Wang Y, Ban Y, Wang B, Li H, Gong C, Wang Y, Wang F, Li D, Yang J. Cp*Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Arylation of Ferrocenethionamides with Aryl Boronic Acids for the Synthesis of Aryl-Ferrocenes. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201180. [PMID: 36495085 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We developed a Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H arylation of ferrocenethionamides with arylboronic acids for the synthesis of aryl-ferrocenes under mild and base-free conditions, using Ag2 CO3 as oxidant. The reaction results in high yields and excellent regioselectivity accommodating a broad scope of substrate range and functional group compatibility, and provides an alternative protocol for the generation of highly functionalized aryl-ferrocene compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ban
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Bosen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Dianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of, Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China
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Fernandes RA, Gangani AJ. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidant Dependent Switchable Aza-Wacker Cyclization and Oxidative Dimerization of Benzimidates. Org Lett 2022; 24:7400-7404. [PMID: 36197317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An oxidant dependent switchable palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 1,3-oxazines and benzohydrazonates (azines) from O-homoallyl benzimidates has been developed. The reaction involved aza-Wacker-type intramolecular cyclization of O-homoallyl benzimidates with Cu(OAc)2 as oxidant under Pd-catalysis to deliver 4-methylene-1,3-oxazines, whereas dimerization of O-homoallyl benzimidates with K2S2O8 as oxidant resulted remarkably in benzohydrazonates (azines). The reaction is atom economic with an easily operational procedure for divergent synthesis of important scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashvin J Gangani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
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Wang H, Chang Z, Cai GD, Yang P, Chen JH, Yang SS, Guo YF, Wang MY, Zheng XH, Lei JP, Liu PQ, Zhao DP, Wang JJ. The novel indomethacin derivative CZ-212-3 exerts antitumor effects on castration-resistant prostate cancer by degrading androgen receptor and its variants. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1024-1032. [PMID: 34321613 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) serves as a main therapeutic target for prostate cancer (PCa). However, resistance to anti-androgen therapy (SAT) inevitably occurs. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that exhibits activity against prostate cancer. Recently, we designed and synthesized a series of new indomethacin derivatives (CZ compounds) via Pd (II)-catalyzed synthesis of substituted N-benzoylindole. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor effect of these novel indomethacin derivatives in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Upon employing CCK-8 cell viability assays and colony formation assays, we found that these derivatives had high efficacy against CRPC tumor growth in vitro. Among these derivatives, CZ-212-3 exhibited the most potent efficacy against CRPC cell survival and on apoptosis induction. Mechanistically, CZ-212-3 significantly suppressed the expression of AR target gene networks by degrading AR and its variants. Consistently, CZ-212-3 significantly inhibited tumor growth in CRPC cell line-based xenograft and PDX models in vivo. Taken together, the data show that the indomethacin derivative CZ-212-3 significantly inhibited CRPC tumor growth by degrading AR and its variants and could be a promising agent for CRPC therapy.
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Gabriele B. Organic Synthesis via Transition Metal-Catalysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041227. [PMID: 35209014 PMCID: PMC8880435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bartolo Gabriele
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Mathada BS, Yernale NG, Basha JN, Badiger J. An insight into the advanced synthetic recipes to access ubiquitous indole heterocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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