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Liu J, Zhou L, Cong H, Hu J, Tang J. Resveratrol-loaded microemulsion based thermosensitive hydrogel for potential topical treatment of the vaginal inflammation. J Drug Target 2024; 32:404-412. [PMID: 38288679 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2310879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaginal inflammation is a prevalent gynecological condition. If left untreated, it can potentially spread to the urinary and reproductive systems. METHODS In this study, we propose a resveratrol-loaded microemulsion-based thermosensitive hydrogel (Res-Me-Tsgel) and compare it with a chitosan hydrogel-based Res-Me-Cogel. We characterized the different characters of Res-Me-Tsgel. The safety of Res-Me-Tsgel was also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we measured the retention of Res in the vagina after drug administration. RESULTS The Res-Me-Tsgel we prepared is a transparent liquid solution at room temperature that rapidly forms a gel at 37oC. Compared to Res solution and Res-Me, both Res-Me-Cogel and Res-Me-Tsgel demonstrate superior sustained release properties. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm the excellent biosafety profile of Res-Me-Cogel and Res-Me-Tsgel. Vaginal administration of these formulations in rats results in prolonged retention of resveratrol within the vagina. Notably, due to its improved flow into vaginal folds after administration, the retention of Resveratrol was approximately three times higher for the Res-Me-Tsgel group compared to the Res-Me-Cogel group at 24 h post-administration. Overall, these findings highlight the potential application of Res-Me-Tsgel as an effective means for vaginal inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We developed a novel micromulsion based thermosensitive hydrogel for the delivery of Res. The sustained release of Res and favorable vaginal retention from Res-Me-Tsgel make them promise as a potential candidate for local intravaginal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liuqi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huijing Cong
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingling Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Huang XF, Xue Y, Yong L, Wang TT, Luo P, Qing LS. Chemical derivatization strategies for enhancing the HPLC analytical performance of natural active triterpenoids. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:295-307. [PMID: 38618252 PMCID: PMC11010456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Triterpenoids widely exist in nature, displaying a variety of pharmacological activities. Determining triterpenoids in different matrices, especially in biological samples holds great significance. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has become the predominant method for triterpenoids analysis due to its exceptional analytical performance. However, due to the structural similarities among botanical samples, achieving effective separation of each triterpenoid proves challenging, necessitating significant improvements in analytical methods. Additionally, triterpenoids are characterized by a lack of ultraviolet (UV) absorption groups and chromophores, along with low ionization efficiency in mass spectrometry. Consequently, routine HPLC analysis suffers from poor sensitivity. Chemical derivatization emerges as an indispensable technique in HPLC analysis to enhance its performance. Considering the structural characteristics of triterpenoids, various derivatization reagents such as acid chlorides, rhodamines, isocyanates, sulfonic esters, and amines have been employed for the derivatization analysis of triterpenoids. This review comprehensively summarized the research progress made in derivatization strategies for HPLC detection of triterpenoids. Moreover, the limitations and challenges encountered in previous studies are discussed, and future research directions are proposed to develop more effective derivatization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Yong
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Lin-Sen Qing
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Hou C, Chen Y, Hazeena SH, Tain Y, Hsieh C, Chen D, Liu R, Shih M. Cardiovascular risk of dietary trimethylamine oxide precursors and the therapeutic potential of resveratrol and its derivatives. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:358-379. [PMID: 38151750 PMCID: PMC10909991 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overall diet, lifestyle choices, genetic predisposition, and other underlying health conditions may contribute to higher trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and increased cardiovascular risk. This review explores the potential therapeutic ability of RSV to protect against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and affect TMAO levels. This review considers recent studies on the association of TMAO with CVD. It also examines the sources, mechanisms, and metabolism of TMAO along with TMAO-induced cardiovascular events. Plant polyphenolic compounds, including resveratrol (RSV), and their cardioprotective mechanism of regulating TMAO levels and modifying gut microbiota are also discussed here. RSV's salient features and bioactive properties in reducing CVD have been evaluated. The close relationship between TMAO and CVD is clearly understood from currently available data, making it a potent biomarker for CVD. Precise investigation, including clinical trials, must be performed to understand RSV's mechanism, dose, effects, and derivatives as a cardioprotectant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, College of HydrosphereNational Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of PediatricsKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaiwan
| | - Sulfath Hakkim Hazeena
- Department of Seafood Science, College of HydrosphereNational Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyTaiwan
| | - You‐Lin Tain
- Department of PediatricsKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in BiomedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaiwan
- College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Chang‐Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - De‐Quan Chen
- Department of Seafood Science, College of HydrosphereNational Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyTaiwan
| | - Rou‐Yun Liu
- Department of Seafood Science, College of HydrosphereNational Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyTaiwan
| | - Ming‐Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and InnovationNational Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and TourismTaiwan
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Huang PH, Chen DQ, Chen YW, Shih MK, Lee BH, Tain YL, Hsieh CW, Hou CY. Evaluation of the Feasibility of In Vitro Metabolic Interruption of Trimethylamine with Resveratrol Butyrate Esters and Its Purified Monomers. Molecules 2024; 29:429. [PMID: 38257342 PMCID: PMC10820948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV), obtained from dietary sources, has been shown to reduce trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) levels in humans, and much research indicates that TMAO is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of RSV and RSV-butyrate esters (RBE) on the proliferation of co-cultured bacteria and HepG2 cell lines, respectively, and also investigated the changes in trimethylamine (TMA) and TMOA content in the medium and flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 (FMO3) gene expression. This study revealed that 50 µg/mL of RBE could increase the population percentage of Bifidobacterium longum at a rate of 53%, while the rate was 48% for Clostridium asparagiforme. In contrast, co-cultivation of the two bacterial strains effectively reduced TMA levels from 561 ppm to 449 ppm. In addition, regarding TMA-induced HepG2 cell lines, treatment with 50 μM each of RBE, 3,4'-di-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED2), and 3-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED4) significantly reduced FMO3 gene expression from 2.13 to 0.40-1.40, which would also contribute to the reduction of TMAO content. This study demonstrated the potential of RBE, ED2, and ED4 for regulating TMA metabolism in microbial co-cultures and cell line cultures, which also suggests that the resveratrol derivative might be a daily dietary supplement that will be beneficial for health promotion in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsiu Huang
- School of Food, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, No. 4, Meicheng Road, Higher Education Park, Huai’an 223003, China;
| | - De-Quan Chen
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung, University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and Innovation, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, Kaohsiung 812301, Taiwan;
| | - Bao-Hong Lee
- Department of Horticulture, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung, University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
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Liu R, Guo Y, Pei M, Chen Y, Zhang L, Li L, Chen Q, Tian Y, Xie H. Cellulose levulinate ester as a robust building block for the synthesis of fully biobased functional cellulose esters. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125654. [PMID: 37399870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Facile modification of cellulose or cellulosic derivatives is one of the important strategies to prepare materials with targeted properties, multifunctionality, thus extending their applications in various fields. Cellulose levulinate ester (CLE) has the structural advantage of acetyl propyl ketone moiety pendant, on which fully biobased cellulose levulinate ester derivatives (CLEDs) have been successfully designed and prepared via aldol condensation reaction of CLE with lignin-derived phenolic aldehydes catalyzed by DL-proline. The structure of CLEDs are featured by a phenolic α,β-unsaturated ketone structure, thus endowing them with good UV absorption properties, excellent antioxidant activity, fluorescence properties and satisfactory biocompatibility. The utility of this aldol reaction strategy, together with the facile tunable substitution degree of cellulose levulinate ester and the diversity of aldehydes, can provide potentially a large spectrum of structurally diverse functionalized cellulosic polymers and create new avenues to advanced polymeric architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuanlong Guo
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Pei
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yaozhu Tian
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of polymer materials and engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Li T, Qu Y, Hu X, Liang M, Guo Q, Wang Q. Green synthesis and structure characterization of resveratrol conjugated linoleate. Food Chem 2023; 422:136151. [PMID: 37126956 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To improve the stability and broaden the application of resveratrol (Res), the Res conjugated linoleate (RCL) were synthesized successfully using Res and 9c,11t-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with N, N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as catalyst for the first time. The Res conversion and the yield of RCL were achieved at 96.85% and 65.30%, respectively. In comparison with Res, RCL has lower acid value (1.80 mg/g) and peroxide value (3.25 meq/kg) and higher thermal stability (improved by 115.3 ℃). RCL was identified as a novel triester compound with a physical appearance as a light-yellow viscous oil. The 9c,11t-CLA was activated by CDI first, reacted with Res to form 4'-Res-ester preferentially, followed by 5,4'-Res-ester and 3,5,4'-Res-ester. The transition-state quaternary ring structures of monoesters were the key structures determining the formation of RCL. This study provided an efficient and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of RCL, promoting the development of the synthesis of Res long-chain fatty acid ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, PR China
| | - Yang Qu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, PR China
| | - Manzhu Liang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, PR China
| | - Qin Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, PR China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100194, PR China.
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Szczepańska P, Rychlicka M, Groborz S, Kruszyńska A, Ledesma-Amaro R, Rapak A, Gliszczyńska A, Lazar Z. Studies on the Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities of Resveratrol and Long-Chain Fatty Acid Esters. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087167. [PMID: 37108328 PMCID: PMC10139102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is gaining recognition as a natural bioactive compound. To expand the possible applications of RES with its enhanced bioactivity as well as to increase the health benefits of long-chain fatty acids, a lipophilization process of RES was performed using three fatty acids: palmitic acid (PA), oleic acid (OA), and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The obtained mono-, di-, and tri-esters of RES were evaluated for their anticancer and antioxidant properties against lung carcinoma (A549), colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (BxPC3) cell lines. Human fibroblast (BJ) cells were used as a control. Several parameters were investigated: cell viability and apoptosis, including the expression of major pro- and anti-apoptotic markers, as well as the expression of superoxide dismutase, a key enzyme of the body's antioxidant barrier. Three of the obtained esters: mono-RES-OA, mono-RES-CLA, and tri-RES-PA, which significantly reduced the tumor cell viability up to 23%, at concentrations 25, 10, 50 μg/mL, respectively, turned out to be particularly interesting. The above-mentioned resveratrol derivatives similarly increased the tumor cells' apoptosis by modifying their caspase activity of pro-apoptotic pathways (p21, p53, and Bax). Moreover, among the mentioned esters, mono-RES-OA induced apoptosis of the analyzed cell lines most strongly, reducing the number of viable cells up to 48% for HT29 cells versus 36% for pure RES. Furthermore, the selected esters exhibited antioxidant properties towards the normal BJ cell line by regulating the expression of major pro-antioxidant genes (superoxide dismutases-SOD1 and SOD2) without the effect on their expression in the tumor, and therefore reducing the defense of cancer cells against increased oxidative stress induced by high ROS accumulation. The obtained results indicate that the esters of RES and long-chain fatty acids allow enhancement of their biological activity. The RES derivatives have the potential for being applied in cancer prevention and treatment, as well as for oxidative stress suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Szczepańska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rychlicka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Groborz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Angelika Kruszyńska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrzej Rapak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gliszczyńska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Lazar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
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Shih MK, Hsieh SL, Huang YW, Patel AK, Dong CD, Hou CY. Resveratrol butyrate esters inhibit lipid biosynthesis in 3T3-L1 cells by AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1015-1025. [PMID: 36908355 PMCID: PMC9998790 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol butyrate esters (RBEs), which are novel resveratrol-synthesized derivatives, exhibit increased biological activity. This study elucidated the effect of RBEs on fat metabolism and their anti-obesity characteristics. Their molecular mechanism was investigated in the 3T3-L1 murine preadipocyte cells and adipocytes. RBE doses of < 2 μM did not induce a significant change in the viability of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. After RBEs treatment, intracellular lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was stimulated by methylisobutylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin-containing medium. However, a significant dose-dependent reduction in intracellular lipid levels was observed. The mRNA levels of two adipogenic transcription factors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR] and CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins [C/EBP]) and lipogenic proteins (fatty acid-binding protein 4 [FABP4] and fatty acid synthase [FAS]) were significantly attenuated by RBE treatment in both MDI-stimulated and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, the phosphorylation level of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) also dramatically increased in the MDI + RBE-treated group compared to that in the MDI + vehicle-treated group. Collectively, our study provides strong evidence that RBEs inhibit adipogenesis by regulating adipogenic protein expression and increasing the p-AMPK/AMPK ratio. Future studies will be conducted on animal models to validate the application of RBEs as a functional food ingredient in improving human health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-022-05436-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and Innovation, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, No.1, Songhe Rd., Xiaogang Dist., Kaohsiung, 812301 Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Huang
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157 Taiwan
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157 Taiwan
- Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-di Dong
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157 Taiwan
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9
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Resveratrol Butyrate Ester Supplementation Blunts the Development of Offspring Hypertension in a Maternal Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate Exposure Rat Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030697. [PMID: 36771404 PMCID: PMC9921909 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (REV) is a plant polyphenol with a plethora of beneficial properties. We previously enhanced the efficacy of REV via esterification of REV with butyrate to form resveratrol butyrate ester (RBE). Compared with REV, RBE exhibits higher bioavailability and better antioxidant effects. Hypertension can originate in early life because of maternal toxic chemical exposure. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of RBE in the protection of offspring hypertension induced by maternal di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) exposure and to explore the underlying mechanisms. DEHP (10 mg/kg/day) was used as oral gavage to pregnant rats during gestation and lactation. The control group received the vehicle. Three groups of DEHP-exposed dams received REV (6.67 mg/kg/day), or low-dose (3.33 mg/kg/day) or high-dose (6.67 mg/kg/day) RBE in drinking water during gestation and lactation. Perinatal DEHP exposure resulted in hypertension and bodyweight gain in adult male offspring, which was prevented by high-dose RBE. REV supplementation attenuated DEHP exposure-induced increases in blood pressure but not bodyweight. High-dose RBE decreased renal oxidative damage, increased plasma butyrate concentrations, and altered short chain fatty acid receptor (SCFA) expression. Low-dose RBE treatment reduced downstream mediators of the acryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. Moreover, DEHP exposure, REV and RBE treatment differentially shaped the offspring's gut microbiota. In particular, high-dose RBE increased the abundance of the genus Duncaniella. The beneficial effects of RBE treatment were related to reducing oxidative damage, increasing plasma butyrate concentrations, downregulating SCFA receptor expression, antagonizing AHR signaling, and altering the gut microbiota. This study provides the first evidence of RBE as a novel plant polyphenol bioproduct targeting the oxidative stress and gut microbiota to protect against maternal DEHP exposure-primed offspring hypertension.
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Tain YL, Chang CI, Hou CY, Chang-Chien GP, Lin S, Hsu CN. Dietary Resveratrol Butyrate Monoester Supplement Improves Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction in a Young Rat Chronic Kidney Disease Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030635. [PMID: 36771342 PMCID: PMC9921181 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a public health problem. Certain dietary supplements can assist in the prevention of CKD progression. In this regard, resveratrol is a polyphenol and has a potential therapeutic role in alleviating CKD. We previously utilized butyrate in order to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol via esterification and generated a resveratrol butyrate monoester (RBM). In this study, the hypothesis that RBM supplementation is able to protect against kidney dysfunction and hypertension was tested by using an adenine-induced CKD model. For this purpose, three-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were equally categorized into: group 1-CN (sham control); group 2-CKD (adenine-fed rats); group 3-REV (CKD rats treated with 50 mg/L resveratrol); group 4-MEL (CKD rats treated with 25 mg/L RBM); and group 5-MEH (CKD rats treated with 50 mg/L RBM). At the end of a 12-week period, the rats were then euthanized. The adenine-fed rats displayed hypertension and kidney dysfunction, which were attenuated by dietary supplementation with RBM. The CKD-induced hypertension coincided with: decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability; augmented renal protein expression of a (pro)renin receptor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor; and increased oxidative stress damage. Additionally, RBM and resveratrol supplementation shaped distinct gut microbiota profiles in the adenine-treated CKD rats. The positive effect of high-dose RBM was shown together with an increased abundance of the genera Duncaniella, Ligilactobacillus, and Monoglobus, as well as a decrease in Eubacterium and Schaedierella. Importantly, the mechanism of action of the RBM supplementation may be related to the restoration of NO, rebalancing of the RAS, a reduction in oxidative stress, and alterations to the gut microbiota. Moreover, RBM supplementation shows promise for the purposes of improving CKD outcomes and hypertension. As such, further translation to human studies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Ping Chang-Chien
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Sufan Lin
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975-368-975
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Jia C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Gao J, Raza A, Ogawa T, Wada S, Xie D, Wang JY. Positively charged and neutral drug-loaded liposomes as the aerosolized formulations for the efficacy assessment of tumor metastases to lungs. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Bagasse Xylan/Resveratrol Graft-Esterified Composite Nanoderivative. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155166. [PMID: 35897598 PMCID: PMC9330801 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Biomass materials are high-quality raw materials for the preparation of natural, green and highly active functional materials due to their rich active groups, wide sources and low toxicity. Bagasse xylan (BX) and resveratrol (Res) were used as raw materials to introduce ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) via grafting reaction to obtain the intermediate product BX/Res-g-EGDMA. The intermediate was esterified with 3-carboxyphenylboronic acid (3-CBA) to obtain the target product 3-CBA-BX/Res-g-EGDMA. The BX/Res-composite-modified nanoderivative with antitumor activity was synthesized with the nanoprecipitation method. The effects of the reaction conditions on the grafting rate (G) of BX/Res-g-EGDMA and the degree of substitution (DS) of 3-CBA-BX/Res-g-EGDMA were investigated using single-factor experiments. The results showed that under the optimized process conditions, G and DS reached 142.44% and 0.485, respectively. The product was characterized with FTIR, XRD, TG-FTC, 1H NMR and SEM, and its anticancer activity was simulated and tested. The results showed that 3-CBA-BX/Res-g-EGDMA had a spherical structure with an average particle size of about 100 nm and that its crystalline structure and thermal stability were different from those of the raw materials. In addition, 3-CBA-BX/Res-g-EGDMA showed the best docking activity with 2HE7 with a binding free energy of −6.3 kJ/mol. The inhibition rate of 3-CBA-BX/Res-g-EGDMA on MGC80-3 (gastric cancer cells) reached 36.71 ± 4.93%, which was 18 times higher than that of BX. Therefore, this material could be a potential candidate for biomedical applications.
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The Effects of Acyl Chain Length on Antioxidant Efficacy of Mono- and Multi-Acylated Resveratrol: A Comparative Assessment. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031001. [PMID: 35164266 PMCID: PMC8839368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acylated derivatives of the dietary phenolic, resveratrol, were prepared via enzymatic and chemical transesterification modification with selected vinyl fatty acids to expand the potential application of resveratrol and its acylated derivatives in functional supplement, cosmetic/skincare, and pharmaceutical fields. The acylation was implemented using eight vinyl fatty acids with varying chain lengths (C2:0-C18:0). Eight monoesters enzymatically prepared, eight diesters and four triesters, chemically prepared, were isolated and purified and identified via MS (mass spectra) or/and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The lipophilicity of resveratrol and its acylated derivatives was calculated using ALOGPS 2.1. Compared with related acylated products, resveratrol itself rendered higher antioxidant efficacy in all the antioxidant assays, namely DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ferrous chelation tests. Within various ester derivatives of resveratrol, short-chain fatty acid mono- and di-substituted resveratrols, especially the resveratrol monoacetate/diacetate, exhibited higher antioxidant efficacy in DPPH and ABTS assays than the rest of resveratrol derivatives, but the medium-chain monoesters of resveratrol, including caproate, caprylate, caprate, and laurate, showed a higher metal ion chelation ability compared to other acylated resveratrols. These results imply that resveratrol derivatives may be used in lipidic media as health-beneficial antioxidants.
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Marathe SJ, Dedhia N, Singhal RS. Esterification of sugars and polyphenols with fatty acids: techniques, bioactivities, and applications. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Hsu CN, Hou CY, Chang CI, Tain YL. Resveratrol Butyrate Ester Protects Adenine-Treated Rats against Hypertension and Kidney Disease by Regulating the Gut–Kidney Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010083. [PMID: 35052587 PMCID: PMC8772985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in pharma-nutritional management, chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains an increasingly prevalent disorder. Resveratrol, a pleiotropic phytochemical, has been found to reduce the risk for several chronic diseases. Considering the low bioavailability of resveratrol, we recently synthesized resveratrol butyrate ester (RBE) via the esterification of resveratrol with butyrate. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of RBE as regards protection from hypertension and kidney damage and explore the underlying mechanisms using a young rat adenine-induced CKD model. Three-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats received regular or 0.5% adenine chow for three weeks. Three groups of adenine-fed CKD rats (N = 8/group) received resveratrol (50 mg/L), or a low dose (25 mg/L) or high dose (50 mg/L) of RBE in drinking water from week 6 to week 12. As compared with the controls, adenine-treated rats had markedly increased creatinine levels and blood pressure, which was associated with renal hypertrophy and decreased creatinine clearance. Treatment with resveratrol or a low or high dose of RBE, similarly protected adenine-fed rats against hypertension and kidney damage. CKD-induced hypertension is associated with an altered gut microbiota profile, dysregulated renal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptor expression, activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway, and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. We found gut microbiota compositions were shaped differentially by resveratrol and RBE treatment in adenine-treated CKD rats. The beneficial effect of high-dose RBE was associated with reduced renal expression of SCFA G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) and olfactory receptor 78 (Olfr78), antagonizing the AhR signaling pathway, and increased abundance of beneficial bacteria such as genera Akkermansia, Blautia, and Enterococcus. Our study provided the first evidence documenting RBE as a novel phytochemical supplement targeting the gut–kidney axis to protect against adenine-induced kidney damage and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.); Tel.: +886-8-7703202 (ext. 5185) (C.-I.C.); +886-975-056-995 (Y.-L.T.)
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.); Tel.: +886-8-7703202 (ext. 5185) (C.-I.C.); +886-975-056-995 (Y.-L.T.)
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Shih MK, Tain YL, Cheng CM, Hsu CN, Chen YW, Huang HT, Chang CI, Hou CY. Separation and Identification of Resveratrol Butyrate Ester Complexes and Their Bioactivity in HepG2 Cell Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413539. [PMID: 34948341 PMCID: PMC8703675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol butyrate ester (RBE) complexes have demonstrated higher antioxidant capacity and anti-fat accumulation activity in previous studies. In this study, silica gel, high-performance liquid chromatography, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance were used for separation and identification of RBE complex components. With the exception of resveratrol, five different structures of ester derivatives were separated from silica gel: 3,4′-di-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED2, 18.8%), 3-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED4, 35.7%), 4′-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED5, 4.4%), 3,5,4′-tri-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED6, 1.5%), and 3,5-di-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED7, 0.7%). Among the ester derivatives obtained, ED2 and ED4 were the main ester derivatives in the RBE complex. Thus, the cellular antioxidant activities of the RBE mixture, ED2, and ED4 were evaluated. Results showed that the antioxidant capacity of ED2 and ED4 was higher than that of the RBE mixture, demonstrating that the number and position of butyrate esterification sites are related to cell survival rate and antioxidant capacity. This study is the first to report the successful isolation, structural identification, and cellular biological antioxidant activity of RBE complex derivatives, which are key characteristics for the potential practical application of RBE complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and Innovation, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Min Cheng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkow 333, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Tse Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-I.C.); (C.-Y.H.); Tel.: +886-985300345 (C.Y.-H.); Fax: +886-7-3640364 (C.Y.-H.)
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-I.C.); (C.-Y.H.); Tel.: +886-985300345 (C.Y.-H.); Fax: +886-7-3640364 (C.Y.-H.)
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Shih MK, Tain YL, Chen YW, Hsu WH, Yeh YT, Chang SKC, Liao JX, Hou CY. Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit Obesity Caused by Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol A in Female Offspring Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134010. [PMID: 34209270 PMCID: PMC8271435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol butyrate esters (RBE) are derivatives of resveratrol (RSV) and butyric acid and exhibit biological activity similar to that of RSV but with higher bioavailability. The aim of this study was designed as an animal experiment to explore the effects of RBE on the serum biochemistry, and fat deposits in the offspring rats exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), along with the growth and decline of gut microbiota. We constructed an animal model of perinatal Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to observe the effects of RBE supplementation on obesity, blood lipids, and intestinal microbiota in female offspring rats. Perinatal exposure to BPA led to weight gain, lipid accumulation, high levels of blood lipids, and deterioration of intestinal microbiota in female offspring rats. RBE supplementation reduced the weight gain and lipid accumulation caused by BPA, optimised the levels of blood lipids, significantly reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, and increased and decreased the abundance of S24-7 and Lactobacillus, respectively. The analysis of faecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels revealed that BPA exposure increased the faecal concentration of acetate, which could be reduced via RBE supplementation. However, the faecal concentrations of propionate and butyrate were not only significantly lower than that of acetate, but also did not significantly change in response to BPA exposure or RBE supplementation. Hence, RBE can suppress BPA-induced obesity in female offspring rats, and it demonstrates excellent modulatory activity on intestinal microbiota, with potential applications in perinatological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and Innovation, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, No.1, Songhe Rd., Xiaogang Dist., Kaohsiung City 812, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkow 333, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan;
- Biomed Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 928, Taiwan
| | - Sam K. C. Chang
- Experimental Seafood Processing Laboratory, Costal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39567, USA;
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | - Jin-Xian Liao
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-985300345; Fax: +886-7-3640364
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Liao JX, Chen YW, Shih MK, Tain YL, Yeh YT, Chiu MH, Chang SKC, Hou CY. Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit BPA-Induced Liver Damage in Male Offspring Rats by Modulating Antioxidant Capacity and Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5273. [PMID: 34067838 PMCID: PMC8156118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol can affect the physiology or biochemistry of offspring in the maternal-fetal animal model. However, it exhibits low bioavailability in humans and animals. Fifteen-week SD pregnant female rats were orally administered bisphenol A (BPA) and/or resveratrol butyrate ester (RBE), and the male offspring rats (n = 4-8 per group) were evaluated. The results show that RBE treatment (BPA + R30) compared with the BPA group can reduce the damage caused by BPA (p < 0.05). RBE enhanced the expression of selected genes and induced extramedullary hematopoiesis and mononuclear cell infiltration. RBE increased the abundance of S24-7 and Adlercreutzia in the intestines of the male offspring rats, as well as the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces. RBE also increased the antioxidant capacity of the liver by inducing Nrf2, promoting the expression of HO-1, SOD, and CAT. It also increased the concentration of intestinal SCFAs, enhancing the barrier formed by intestinal cells, thereby preventing BPA-induced metabolic disruption in the male offspring rats, and reduced liver inflammation. This study identified a potential mechanism underlying the protective effects of RBE against the liver damage caused by BPA exposure during the peri-pregnancy period, and the influence of the gut microbiota on the gut-liver axis in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xian Liao
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkow 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and Innovation, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, 812301 No.1, Songhe Rd., Xiaogang Dist., Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (M.-H.C.)
- Biomed Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 92849, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsi Chiu
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (M.-H.C.)
- Biomed Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 92849, Taiwan
| | - Sam K. C. Chang
- Experimental Seafood Processing Laboratory, Costal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Pascagoula, MS 39567, USA;
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
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Preventive Aspects of Early Resveratrol Supplementation in Cardiovascular and Kidney Disease of Developmental Origins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084210. [PMID: 33921641 PMCID: PMC8072983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and kidney disease has stimulated research for strategies that could prevent, rather than just treat, both interconnected disorders. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound with pleiotropic biofunctions, has shown health benefits. Emerging epidemiological data supports that early life environmental insults are regarded as increased risks of developing CVDs and kidney disease in adulthood. Conversely, both disorders could be reversed or postponed by shifting interventions from adulthood to earlier stage by so-called reprogramming. The purpose of this review is first to highlight current epidemiological studies linking cardiovascular and renal programming to resulting CVD and kidney disease of developmental origins. This will be followed by a summary of how resveratrol could exert a positive influence on CVDs and kidney disease. This review also presents an overview of the evidence documenting resveratrol as a reprogramming agent to protect against CVD and kidney disease of developmental origins from animal studies and to outline the advances in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Overall, this review reveals the need for future research to further clarify the reprogramming effects of resveratrol before clinical translation.
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Synthesis of Short-Chain-Fatty-Acid Resveratrol Esters and Their Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030420. [PMID: 33801821 PMCID: PMC8001046 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To expand the applications and enhance the stability and bioactivity of resveratrol (RE), and to simultaneously include the potential health benefits of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) esters of RE were prepared by Steglich reactions with acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, respectively. RE and the esterified RE-SCFA products (including RAE, RPE, and RBE) were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The FTIR and 13C NMR spectra of the esterified products included ester-characteristic peaks at 1751 cm−1 and 171 ppm, respectively. Moreover, the peaks in the range of 1700 to 1600 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra of the esterified products indicated that the esterification of RE-SCFA was successful. The TGA results revealed that the RE-SCFA esters decomposed at lower temperatures than RE. The peaks in the LC–MS profiles of the esterified products indicated the formation of mono- and diesters, and the calculated monoester synthesis rates ranged between 45.81 and 49.64%. The RE esters inhibited the Cu2+-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation reaction, exhibited antioxidant activity in bulk oil, and effectively inhibited the hydroxyl radical-induced DNA scission. Moreover, the RE-SCFA esters had better hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity than RE. Our results are the first in the literature to successfully including short chain fatty acids in the esters of resveratrol, and the products could be used as a functional food ingredient in processed foods or can be used as dietary supplements to promote health.
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