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Kontogianni GI, Bonatti AF, De Maria C, Naseem R, Coelho C, Alpantaki K, Batsali A, Pontikoglou C, Quadros P, Dalgarno K, Vozzi G, Vitale-Brovarone C, Chatzinikolaidou M. Cell Instructive Behavior of Composite Scaffolds in a Co-Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:116. [PMID: 38786628 PMCID: PMC11122527 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The in vitro evaluation of 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in mono-cultures is a common practice; however, it does not represent the native complex nature of bone tissue. Co-cultures of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, without the addition of stimulating agents for monitoring cellular cross-talk, remains a challenge. In this study, a growth factor-free co-culture of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) has been established and used for the evaluation of 3D-printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The scaffolds were produced from PLLA/PCL/PHBV polymeric blends, with two composite materials produced through the addition of 2.5% w/v nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) or strontium-substituted nanohydroxyapatite (Sr-nHA). Cell morphology data showed that hPBMCs remained undifferentiated in co-culture, while no obvious differences were observed in the mono- and co-cultures of hBM-MSCs. A significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteogenic gene expression was observed in co-culture on Sr-nHA-containing scaffolds. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and osteoclastogenic gene expression displayed significantly suppressed levels in co-culture on Sr-nHA-containing scaffolds. Interestingly, mono-cultures of hPBMCs on Sr-nHA-containing scaffolds indicated a delay in osteoclasts formation, as evidenced from TRAP activity and gene expression, demonstrating that strontium acts as an osteoclastogenesis inhibitor. This co-culture study presents an effective 3D model to evaluate the regenerative capacity of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, thus minimizing time-consuming and costly in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amedeo Franco Bonatti
- Research Center E. Piaggio, Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.B.); (C.D.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Research Center E. Piaggio, Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.B.); (C.D.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Raasti Naseem
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.N.); (K.D.)
| | | | - Kalliopi Alpantaki
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Aristea Batsali
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Charalampos Pontikoglou
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Paulo Quadros
- FLUIDINOVA, S.A., 4475-188 Maia, Portugal; (C.C.); (P.Q.)
| | - Kenneth Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.N.); (K.D.)
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Center E. Piaggio, Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.B.); (C.D.M.); (G.V.)
| | | | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FO.R.T.H)-IESL, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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Qiu Y, Tian J, Kong S, Feng Y, Lu Y, Su L, Cai Y, Li M, Chang J, Yang C, Wei X. SrCuSi 4 O 10 /GelMA Composite Hydrogel-Mediated Vital Pulp Therapy: Integrating Antibacterial Property and Enhanced Pulp Regeneration Activity. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300546. [PMID: 37260366 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is considered a conservative treatment for preserving pulp viability in caries-induced dental pulp infections. However, bacterial contamination negatively affects dentine-pulp complex repair. The common capping materials show limited antimicrobial effects against some microorganisms. To improve the VPT efficacy, capping materials with increased antibacterial properties and enhanced odontogenic and angiogenic activities are needed. Herein, a SrCuSi4 O10 /gelatin methacrylate(SC/Gel) composite hydrogel has been proposed for infected dental pulp treatment. SrCuSi4 O10 (SC) is a microscale bioceramic composed of assembled multilayered nanosheets that possesses good near-infrared photothermal conversion ability and multiple bioactivities due to sustained Sr2+ , Cu2+ , and SiO3 2- ion release. It is shown that the SC/Gel composite hydrogel efficiently eliminates Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei and inhibits biofilm formation under photothermal heating, while the ion extract from SC promotes odontogenesis of rat dental pulp stem cells and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The as-designed therapeutic effect of SC/Gel composite hydrogel-mediated VPT has been proven in a rat dental pulp infection model and yielded improved dentine-pulp complex repair compared with the commercially used iRoot® BP Plus. This study suggests that the SC/Gel composite hydrogel is a potential pulp-capping material with improved effects on dentine-pulp complex repair in infected pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Jun Tian
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Siyi Kong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Feng
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Yangyu Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Lefeng Su
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Cai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
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3
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Jia F, Zhao X, Zhao Y. Advancements in ToF-SIMS imaging for life sciences. Front Chem 2023; 11:1237408. [PMID: 37693171 PMCID: PMC10483116 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1237408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 2 decades, Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has gained significant prominence as a powerful imaging technique in the field of life sciences. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth overview of recent advancements in ToF-SIMS instrument technology and its applications in metabolomics, lipidomics, and single-cell analysis. We highlight the use of ToF-SIMS imaging for studying lipid distribution, composition, and interactions in cells and tissues, and discuss its application in metabolomics, including the analysis of metabolic pathways. Furthermore, we review recent progress in single-cell analysis using ToF-SIMS, focusing on sample preparation techniques, in situ investigation for subcellular distribution of drugs, and interactions between drug molecules and biological targets. The high spatial resolution and potential for multimodal analysis of ToF-SIMS make it a promising tool for unraveling the complex molecular landscape of biological systems. We also discuss future prospects and potential advancements of ToF-SIMS in the research of life sciences, with the expectation of a significant impact in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Jia
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kern C, Kern S, Henss A, Rohnke M. Secondary ion mass spectrometry for bone research. Biointerphases 2023; 18:041203. [PMID: 37489909 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this Tutorial is to highlight the suitability of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and OrbiTrap™ SIMS (Orbi-SIMS) in bone research by introducing fundamentals and best practices of bone analysis with these mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) techniques. The Tutorial includes sample preparation, determination of best-suited measurement settings, data acquisition, and data evaluation, as well as a brief overview of SIMS applications in bone research in the current literature. SIMS is a powerful analytical technique that allows simultaneous analysis and visualization of mineralized and nonmineralized bone tissue, bone marrow as well as implanted biomaterials, and interfaces between bone and implants. Compared to histological staining, which is the standard analytical procedure in bone research, SIMS provides chemical imaging of nonstained bone sections that offers insights beyond what is conventionally obtained. The Tutorial highlights the versatility of ToF- and Orbi-SIMS in addressing important questions in bone research. By illustrating the value of these MSI techniques, it demonstrates how they can contribute to advance progress in bone research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Anja Henss
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
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Kontogianni GI, Coelho C, Gauthier R, Fiorilli S, Quadros P, Vitale-Brovarone C, Chatzinikolaidou M. Osteogenic Potential of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Strontium-Substituted Nano-Hydroxyapatite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1881. [PMID: 37368310 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA) is the major mineral component of bone. It is highly biocompatible, osteoconductive, and forms strong bonds with native bone, making it an excellent material for bone regeneration. However, enhanced mechanical properties and biological activity for nanoHA can be achieved through enrichment with strontium ions. Here, nanoHA and nanoHA with a substitution degree of 50 and 100% of calcium with strontium ions (Sr-nanoHA_50 and Sr-nanoHA_100, respectively) were produced via wet chemical precipitation using calcium, strontium, and phosphorous salts as starting materials. The materials were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential in direct contact with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells. All three nanoHA-based materials were cytocompatible, featured needle-shaped nanocrystals, and had enhanced osteogenic activity in vitro. The Sr-nanoHA_100 indicated a significant increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity at day 14 compared to the control. All three compositions revealed significantly higher calcium and collagen production up to 21 days in culture compared to the control. Gene expression analysis exhibited, for all three nanoHA compositions, a significant upregulation of osteonectin and osteocalcin on day 14 and of osteopontin on day 7 compared to the control. The highest osteocalcin levels were found for both Sr-substituted compounds on day 14. These results demonstrate the great osteoinductive potential of the produced compounds, which can be exploited to treat bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rémy Gauthier
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5510, MATEIS, F-69621 Villeur-banne, France
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute for Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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Aguilera-Correa JJ, Gisbert-Garzarán M, Mediero A, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, de-Pablo-Velasco D, Lozano D, Esteban J, Vallet-Regí M. Antibiotic delivery from bone-targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the treatment of osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:608-625. [PMID: 36341887 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a hard-to-treat infection of the bone and bone marrow that is mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, with an increasing incidence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Owing to the aggressiveness of these bacteria in colonizing and destroying the bone, systemic antibiotic treatments fail to eradicate the infection. Instead, it normally entails surgery to remove the dead or infected bone. In this work, we report bone-targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the treatment of osteomyelitis. The nanoparticles have been engineered with a functional gelatine/colistin coating able to hamper premature release from the mesopores while effectively disaggregating the bacterial biofilm. Because antibiotic resistance is a global emergency, we have designed two sets of identical nanoparticles, carrying each of them a clinically relevant antibiotic, that have demonstrated to have synergistic effect. The bone-targeted nanoparticles have been thoroughly evaluated in vitro and in vivo, obtaining a notable reduction of the amount of bacteria in the bone in just 24 h after only one dose, and paving the way for localized, nanoparticle-mediated treatment of MRSA-caused osteomyelitis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we propose the use of bone-targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles to address S. aureus-caused osteomyelitis that render synergistic therapeutic effect via multidrug delivery. Because the bacterial biofilm is responsible for an aggressive surgical approach and prolonged antibiotic treatment, the nanoparticles have been functionalized with a functional coating able to both disaggregate the biofilm, hamper premature antibiotic release and protect the intact bone. These engineered nanoparticles are able to effectively target bone tissue both in vitro and in vivo, showing high biocompatibility and elevated antibacterial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Aguilera-Correa
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gisbert-Garzarán
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Mediero
- Bone and Joint Unit, IIS- Fundación Jimenez Diaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos, 2 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - D Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Esteban
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Clinical Microbiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Diaz, UAM, Avenida Reyes Católicos, 2 28037 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Kern C, Pauli A, Rohnke M. Determination of Sr 2+ mobility in viscous bovine bone marrow by cryo-time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9300. [PMID: 35312121 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In osteoporosis research, strontium ions (Sr2+ ) have emerged as promising therapeutic agent in modified bone cements for better fracture healing. Modeling of Sr2+ dispersion in bone could be used as a predictive tool for the evaluation of functionalized biomaterials in future. Therefore, determination of experimental parameters for Sr2+ transport in bone is essential. In this study, we focus on the determination of Sr2+ diffusion in viscous bovine bone marrow by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). METHODS For this comparatively fast diffusion (FD) experiment, a specific experimental protocol of ToF-SIMS depth profiling under cryogenic conditions was developed. The validity of our experimental approach is proven by a time-dependent experimental series. Furthermore, 2D and 3D mass spectrometric imaging analysis was used to study Sr2+ surface and bulk distribution within bovine bone marrow. RESULTS Detailed 2D and 3D mass spectrometric imaging analysis revealed that Sr2+ diffusion is slower in bone marrow areas with high intensity of lipid and fatty acid signals than in areas with less lipid content. The Sr2+ transport within this passive model can be described by Fickian diffusion. Average diffusion coefficients of Sr2+ in bovine bone marrow were obtained from diffusion profiles in FD areas (Dbovine,FD = [2.09 ± 2.39]·10-9 cm2 s-1 ), slow diffusion areas (Dbovine,SD = [1.52 ± 1.80]·10-10 cm2 s-1 ), and total area diffusion (Dbovine,TA = [1.94 ± 2.40]·10-9 cm2 s-1 ). CONCLUSIONS We were able to show that cryo-ToF-SIMS is a useful tool for the characterization of rapid diffusion in water-containing highly viscous media. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported experimental approach for the investigation of the distribution of low concentrated therapeutic agents in bone marrow. Overall, our results provide important insights about Sr2+ diffusion in bovine bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Pauli
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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8
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Borciani G, Ciapetti G, Vitale-Brovarone C, Baldini N. Strontium Functionalization of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering Purposes: A Biological Point of View. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051724. [PMID: 35268956 PMCID: PMC8911212 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) is a trace element taken with nutrition and found in bone in close connection to native hydroxyapatite. Sr is involved in a dual mechanism of coupling the stimulation of bone formation with the inhibition of bone resorption, as reported in the literature. Interest in studying Sr has increased in the last decades due to the development of strontium ranelate (SrRan), an orally active agent acting as an anti-osteoporosis drug. However, the use of SrRan was subjected to some limitations starting from 2014 due to its negative side effects on the cardiac safety of patients. In this scenario, an interesting perspective for the administration of Sr is the introduction of Sr ions in biomaterials for bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. This strategy has attracted attention thanks to its positive effects on bone formation, alongside the reduction of osteoclast activity, proven by in vitro and in vivo studies. The purpose of this review is to go through the classes of biomaterials most commonly used in BTE and functionalized with Sr, i.e., calcium phosphate ceramics, bioactive glasses, metal-based materials, and polymers. The works discussed in this review were selected as representative for each type of the above-mentioned categories, and the biological evaluation in vitro and/or in vivo was the main criterion for selection. The encouraging results collected from the in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations are outlined to highlight the potential applications of materials’ functionalization with Sr as an osteopromoting dopant in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Borciani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-6366748
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Laboratory for Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
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Kern C, Jamous R, El Khassawna T, Rohnke M. Characterisation of Sr 2+ mobility in osteoporotic rat bone marrow by cryo-ToF-SIMS and cryo-OrbiSIMS. Analyst 2022; 147:4141-4157. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00913g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric imaging approach for ex vivo monitoring of drug transport in bone sections. Cryo-ToF-SIMS depth profiling and high-resolution imaging as well as OrbiSIMS analysis revealed inhomogeneous Sr2+ transport in rat bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Reem Jamous
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Llamas-Granda P, Martin-Rodríguez L, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G, Mediero A. Tenofovir Modulates Semaphorin 4D Signaling and Regulates Bone Homeostasis, Which Can Be Counteracted by Dipyridamole and Adenosine A2A Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111490. [PMID: 34768920 PMCID: PMC8583797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) is a neurotrophin that is secreted by osteoclasts and binds to its receptor PlexinB1 on osteoblasts to inhibit their differentiation and function. Adenosine A2A activation inhibits osteoclast Sema4D-mediated secretion, diminishes inflammatory osteolysis and prevents bone loss following tenofovir (one of the most used antivirals in HIV). Therefore, tenofovir might activate Sema4D signaling to alter bone turnover. Female C57Bl/6/A2AKO mice were ovariectomized and treated with saline (control), tenofovir 75 mg/Kg/day, dipyridamole 25 mg/Kg/day or a combination for 5 weeks and long bones were prepared for histology. Primary murine-induced osteoclast/osteoblast were challenged with tenofovir/dipyridamole 1 μM each, and the expression of Sema4D/PlexinB1, RhoA/ROCK/IGF1R was studied by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunostaining. In vivo tenofovir showed an increased expression of Sema4D when compared to control mice, and dipyridamole reverted the expression in an A2A-dependent manner. In vitro, tenofovir increases Sema4D expression and secretion in osteoclast precursors, and pre-treatment with dipyridamole reverted this effect. pRhoA and ROCK1 activation were increased and IRS1/IGF1R expression was diminished by tenofovir in the Vav3/ARHGAP18 mechanism in osteoblast precursors and reverted by dipyridamole in an A2A-dependent manner. This suggests that tenofovir increases bone loss by activation of Sema4D/PlexinB1 signaling, which inhibits osteoblast differentiation. Agents that increase local adenosine concentrations, such as dipyridamole, might prevent bone loss following the inhibition of this pathway.
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