1
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Baggieri M, Gioacchini S, Borgonovo G, Catinella G, Marchi A, Picone P, Vasto S, Fioravanti R, Bucci P, Kojouri M, Giuseppetti R, D'Ugo E, Ubaldi F, Dallavalle S, Nuzzo D, Pinto A, Magurano F. Antiviral, virucidal and antioxidant properties of Artemisia annua against SARS-CoV-2. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115682. [PMID: 37832410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are a rich source of bioactive molecules that have potential pharmacotherapeutic applications. In this study, we focused on Artemisia annua (A. annua) and its enriched extracts which were biologically evaluated in vitro as virucidal, antiviral, and antioxidant agents, with a potential application against the COVID-19 infection. The crude extract showed virucidal, antiviral and antioxidant effects in concentrations that did not affect cell viability. Scopoletin, arteannuin B and artemisinic acid (single fractions isolated from A. annua) exerted a considerable virucidal and antiviral effect in vitro starting from a concentration of 50 µg/mL. Data from Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) showed that the inhibition of the viral infection was due to the interaction of these compounds with the 3CLpro and Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that the main interaction of compounds may interfere with the viral pathways during the insertion and the replication process. The present study suggests that natural extract of A. annua and its components could have a key role as antioxidants and antiviral agents and support the fight against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other possible emerging Coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Baggieri
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Gioacchini
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Gigliola Borgonovo
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgia Catinella
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Marchi
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 0146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 0146 Palermo, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Tecnologiche, STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Raoul Fioravanti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Bucci
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Maedeh Kojouri
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Giuseppetti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Emilio D'Ugo
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 0146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Magurano
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy.
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2
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Volpes S, Cruciata I, Ceraulo F, Schimmenti C, Naselli F, Pinna C, Mauro M, Picone P, Dallavalle S, Nuzzo D, Pinto A, Caradonna F. Nutritional epigenomic and DNA-damage modulation effect of natural stilbenoids. Sci Rep 2023; 13:658. [PMID: 36635363 PMCID: PMC9837110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work is the evaluation of biological effects of natural stilbenoids found in Vitis vinifera, with a focus on their activity as epigenetic modulators. In the present study, resveratrol, pterostilbene and for the first time their dimers (±)-trans-δ-viniferin, (±)-trans-pterostilbene dehydrodimer were evaluated in Caco-2 and HepG-2 cell lines as potential epigenetic modulators. Stilbenoids were added in a Caco-2 cell culture as a model of the intestinal epithelial barrier and in the HepG-2 as a model of hepatic environment, to verify their dose-dependent toxicity, ability to interact with DNA, and epigenomic action. Resveratrol, pterostilbene, and (±)-trans-pterostilbene dehydrodimer were found to have no toxic effects at tested concentration and were effective in reversing arsenic damage in Caco-2 cell lines. (±)-trans-δ-viniferin showed epigenomic activity, but further studies are needed to clarify its mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Volpes
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cruciata
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Ceraulo
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Schimmenti
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Flores Naselli
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pinna
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mauro
- grid.251993.50000000121791997Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Michael F. Price Center 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Pasquale Picone
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy ,grid.510483.bIstituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy ,grid.510483.bIstituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, DeFENS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Fabio Caradonna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, (STEBICEF - Sezione di Biologia Cellulare), Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy. .,Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa, 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy.
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3
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Zhang MY, Cai J. Preparation of branched RG-I-rich pectin from red dragon fruit peel and the characterization of its probiotic properties. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120144. [PMID: 36876774 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Red dragon fruit peel is a pectin-rich fruit waste that is a potential source of prebiotics and whose different sources and structures will influence its prebiotic function. Thus, we compared the effects of three extraction methods on the structure and prebiotic function of red dragon fruit pectin, the results showed that the citric acid extracted pectin produced a high Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) region (66.59 mol%) and more side-chains of Rhamnogalacturonan-I ((Ara + Gal)/Rha = 1.25), which can promote bacterial proliferation significantly. The side-chains of Rhamnogalacturonan-I may be an important factor in that pectin can promote the proliferation of B. animalis. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the prebiotic application of red dragon fruit peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
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4
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Comparative investigation of key aroma terpenoids of Litsea cubeba essential oil by sensory, chromatographic, spectral and molecular studies. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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5
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Flori L, Albanese L, Calderone V, Meneguzzo F, Pagliaro M, Ciriminna R, Zabini F, Testai L. Cardioprotective Effects of Grapefruit IntegroPectin Extracted via Hydrodynamic Cavitation from By-Products of Citrus Fruits Industry: Role of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182799. [PMID: 36140927 PMCID: PMC9497567 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus flavonoids are well-known for their beneficial effects at the cardiovascular and cardio-metabolic level, but often the encouraging in vitro results are not confirmed by in vivo approaches; in addition, the clinical trials are also inconsistent. Their limited bioavailability can be, at least in part, the reason for these discrepancies. Therefore, many efforts have been made towards the improvement of their bioavailability. Hydrodynamic cavitation methods were successfully applied to the extraction of byproducts of the Citrus fruits industry, showing high process yields and affording stable phytocomplexes, known as IntegroPectin, endowed with great amounts of bioactive compounds and high water solubility. The cardioprotective effects of grapefruit IntegroPectin were evaluated by an ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion protocol. Further pharmacological characterization was carried out to assess the involvement of mitochondrial potassium channels. Grapefruit IntegroPectin, where naringin represented 98% of the flavonoids, showed anti-ischemic cardioprotective activity, which was better than pure naringenin (the bioactive aglycone of naringin). On cardiac-isolated mitochondria, this extract confirmed that naringenin/naringin were involved in the activation of mitochondrial potassium channels. The hydrodynamic cavitation-based extraction confirmed a valuable opportunity for the exploitation of Citrus fruits waste, with the end product presenting high levels of Citrus flavonoids and improved bioaccessibility that enhances its nutraceutical and economic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Albanese
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-392-9850002
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Zabini
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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6
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Yaqun L, Hanxu L, Wanling L, Yingzhu X, Mouquan L, Yuzhong Z, Lei H, Yingkai Y, Yidong C. SPME-GC-MS combined with chemometrics to assess the impact of fermentation time on the components, flavor, and function of Laoxianghuang. Front Nutr 2022; 9:915776. [PMID: 35983487 PMCID: PMC9378830 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.915776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laoxianghuang, fermented from Citrus medica L. var. Sarcodactylis Swingle of the Rutaceae family, is a medicinal food. The volatiles of Laoxianghuang fermented in different years were obtained by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC–MS). Meanwhile, the evolution of its component-flavor function during the fermentation process was explored in depth by combining chemometrics and performance analyses. To extract the volatile compounds from Laoxianghuang, the fiber coating, extraction time, and desorption temperature were optimized in terms of the number and area of peaks. A polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) with a thickness of 65 μm fiber, extraction time of 30 min, and desorption temperature of 200 °C were shown to be the optimal conditions. There were 42, 44, 52, 53, 53, and 52 volatiles identified in the 3rd, 5th, 8th, 10th, 15th, and 20th years of fermentation of Laoxianghuang, respectively. The relative contents were 97.87%, 98.50%, 98.77%, 98.85%, 99.08%, and 98.36%, respectively. Terpenes (mainly limonene, γ-terpinene and cymene) displayed the highest relative content and were positively correlated with the year of fermentation, followed by alcohols (mainly α-terpineol, β-terpinenol, and γ-terpineol), ketones (mainly cyclohexanone, D(+)-carvone and β-ionone), aldehydes (2-furaldehyde, 5-methylfurfural, and 1-nonanal), phenols (thymol, chlorothymol, and eugenol), esters (bornyl formate, citronellyl acetate, and neryl acetate), and ethers (n-octyl ether and anethole). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed a closer relationship between the composition of Laoxianghuang with similar fermentation years of the same gradient (3rd-5th, 8th-10th, and 15th-20th). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) VIP scores and PCA-biplot showed that α-terpineol, γ-terpinene, cymene, and limonene were the differential candidate biomarkers. Flavor analysis revealed that Laoxianghuang exhibited wood odor from the 3rd to the 10th year of fermentation, while herb odor appeared in the 15th and the 20th year. This study analyzed the changing pattern of the flavor and function of Laoxianghuang through the evolution of the composition, which provided a theoretical basis for further research on subsequent fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yaqun
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, Chaozhou, China
| | - Liu Hanxu
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Lin Wanling
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, Chaozhou, China
| | - Xue Yingzhu
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Hanjiang Laboratory), Chaozhou, China
| | - Liu Mouquan
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, Chaozhou, China
| | - Zheng Yuzhong
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, Chaozhou, China
| | - Hu Lei
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, Chaozhou, China
| | - Yang Yingkai
- Guangdong Jigong Healthy Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Chen Yidong
- Guangdong Jigong Healthy Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
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7
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Antifungal and antimycotoxic activities of 3 essential oils against 3 mycotoxinogenic fungi. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:504. [PMID: 35852627 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Fungal toxins can have various adverse health effects, including carcinogenic, teratogenic or hepatotoxic impacts. In addition, fungal alteration has also a negative impact on agricultural plant production. The use of chemical fungicides to control mycotoxin contamination is increasingly controversial and regulated. More environmentally friendly methods are therefore being explored. Essential oils, as compounds extracted from plants, are liquids whose specific aromatic compounds give each essential oil its own unique characteristics. Due to their rich chemical composition, essential oils (EOs) have many interesting properties, including antifungal activities. The objective of the present study was to analyze volatile chemical composition of EOs (Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus camaldulensis) by GC/MS and to investigate their effects on the growth, sporulation and mycotoxin production of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Fusarium verticillioides (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and fumonisin B1, respectively). In addition, EOs influence on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) biosynthesis pathways was explored using real-time qRT-PCR. The results obtained in vitro, by direct contact with the EOs and by diffusion of their volatile compounds, showed that the essential oils had inhibitory effects on the growth and the production of mycotoxins of the 3 fungal strains and modified the expression of some toxin synthesis genes. We conclude that the recorded effects were dependent on the combined effects of the EOs type, the fungal strains and the doses studied.
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8
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Targeted phenolic profile of radler beers by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS: the added value of hesperidin to beer antioxidants. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:4553-4562. [PMID: 35789584 PMCID: PMC9244072 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The well-known health beneficial properties of beer are mainly due to phenolic antioxidants. Citrus-flavored beers represent a growing side-market in the beer industry, sparingly investigated to date. The phenolic profile of commercial radler beers (R1, R2) was investigated to evaluate the impact of the lemon juice added to beer in the industrial production. Results were compared to those obtained for opportunely chosen commercial beer (B) and lemonade (L). The study was carried out by an HPLC-MS/MS with an electrospray ionization source in selected ion recording mode, analyzing in a single chromatographic run 26 compounds belonging to the different phenolic classes of hydroxybenzoic, hydroxycinnamic and caffeoylquinic acids, flavonoids and prenylflavonoids. Different phenolic profiles were found for R1 and R2, mainly ascribed to different malt/hop/recipe used for the beer. High to very high level of hesperidin were found in the radlers, so that a major impact on phenolic antioxidants of the radlers was due to the lemon. Similarly, a major impact of the lemon aromas was found, D-limonene being the dominant peak resulting from the GC-MS analysis of the volatile fraction of the radlers.
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9
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Scurria A, Sciortino M, Garcia AR, Pagliaro M, Avellone G, Fidalgo A, Albanese L, Meneguzzo F, Ciriminna R, Ilharco LM. Red Orange and Bitter Orange IntegroPectin: Structure and Main Functional Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103243. [PMID: 35630720 PMCID: PMC9147265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DRIFT, HPLC-MS, and SPME-GC/MS analyses were used to unveil the structure and the main functional compounds of red (blood) orange (Citrus sinensis) and bitter orange (Citrus aurantium). The IntegroPectin samples show evidence that these new citrus pectins are comprised of pectin rich in RG-I hairy regions functionalized with citrus biophenols, chiefly flavonoids and volatile molecules, mostly terpenes. Remarkably, IntegroPectin from the peel of fresh bitter oranges is the first high methoxyl citrus pectin extracted via hydrodynamic cavitation, whereas the red orange IntegroPectin is a low methoxyl pectin. C. aurantium IntegroPectin has a uniquely high concentration of adsorbed flavonoids, especially the flavanone glycosides hesperidin, naringin, and eriocitrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento DICEAM, Università degli Studi “Mediterranea” di Reggio Calabria, Via Graziella, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Marzia Sciortino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Ana Rosa Garcia
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.R.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (R.C.); (L.M.I.)
| | - Giuseppe Avellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Alexandra Fidalgo
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.R.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Albanese
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (R.C.); (L.M.I.)
| | - Laura M. Ilharco
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.R.G.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (R.C.); (L.M.I.)
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10
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Nuzzo D, Picone P, Lozano Sanchez J, Borras-Linares I, Guiducci A, Muscolino E, Giacomazza D, Sanfilippo T, Guggino R, Bulone D, Dispenza C, San Biagio PL, Lapasin R. Recovery from Food Waste-Biscuit Doughs Enriched with Pomegranate Peel Powder as a Model of Fortified Aliment. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030416. [PMID: 35336790 PMCID: PMC8945212 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is the characterization of biscuit doughs enriched with pomegranate peel powder (PPP) at 3 (PPP3) and 5 (PPP5) wt% in the prospect of developing a fortified aliment as a support of the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract. The total phenolic content of the powder was preliminarily evaluated. Then, the main compounds present in the PPP were identified by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis, being mainly hydrolysable tannins. The PPP was then treated at 180 °C for 20 min to mimic the baking treatment, and its water-soluble fraction (PPPwsf) was then added in the Caco-2 cell culture as a model of the intestinal epithelial barrier to verify its dose-dependent toxicity, ability in counteracting the oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory action. Rheological experiments were performed to predict the macroscopic behavior of the PPP-added doughs during lamination and biscuit baking. SEM investigations gave their contribution to the microscopic comprehension of the dough structure. Finally, a consumer panel composed by thirty volunteers was enrolled to express its opinion on the sensory agreeableness of the biscuits prepared with two different concentrations of PPP compared with the reference dough. The discussion is focused on the biological effects of the main components found in the PPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (D.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Jesus Lozano Sanchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, 18100 Granada, Spain;
| | - Isabel Borras-Linares
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, 18100 Granada, Spain;
| | - Alessandro Guiducci
- IEMEST-Istituto Euro-Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 90139 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Muscolino
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.B.); (P.L.S.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (D.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Tiziana Sanfilippo
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Presidio Ospedaliero “Salvatore Cimino”, 90141 Palermo, Italy; (T.S.); (R.G.)
- Ambulatorio di Nutrizione Clinica, ASP Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossella Guggino
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Presidio Ospedaliero “Salvatore Cimino”, 90141 Palermo, Italy; (T.S.); (R.G.)
- Ambulatorio di Nutrizione Clinica, ASP Palermo, 90141 Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Bulone
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.B.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Clelia Dispenza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.B.); (P.L.S.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.N.); (D.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.B.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Romano Lapasin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
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11
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Nuzzo D, Scurria A, Picone P, Guiducci A, Pagliaro M, Giuseppe, Pantaleo, Albanese L, Meneguzzo F, Ciriminna R. A Gluten‐Free Biscuit Fortified with Lemon IntegroPectin. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, CNR via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati CNR, via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, CNR via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Alessandro Guiducci
- Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia via M. Miraglia 20 90139 Palermo Italy
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati CNR, via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Giuseppe
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, CNR via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Pantaleo
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati CNR, via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Lorenzo Albanese
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati CNR, via U. La Malfa 153 90146 Palermo Italy
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12
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Maggini V, Calvi L, Pelagatti T, Gallo ER, Civati C, Privitera C, Squillante F, Maniglia P, Di Candia D, Spampatti R, Firenzuoli F. An Optimized Terpene Profile for a New Medical Cannabis Oil. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020298. [PMID: 35214031 PMCID: PMC8879232 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this analytical study was to develop an advanced formulation of medical Cannabis oil (MCO) comparing the chemical profile of different extracts obtained with two existing methods (SIFAP and CALVI) and one original upgraded (CERFIT) method. Preparation methods were applied with varying solvent, temperature, and duration of the decarboxylation and extraction steps. HPLC-MS/MS TSQ and GC/FID-HS analyses were performed to investigate cannabinoid and terpene contents in the three oil extracts. Cannabinoids profile remained comparable between the formulations. CERFIT extracts exhibited a superior quantity of total terpene hydrocarbon forms (e.g., limonene and α-pinene) with no degradation occurrence (i.e., oxidized terpenes not quantifiable). Thus, this new method optimized the phytochemical profile of the MCO presenting a value opportunity to obtain a standardized high-level therapeutic product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Maggini
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine (CERFIT), Careggi University Hospital, Via Delle Oblate 4, 50141 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (T.P.); (E.R.G.)
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.F.); Tel.: +39-055-794-9635 (V.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Calvi
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine (CERFIT), Careggi University Hospital, Via Delle Oblate 4, 50141 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (T.P.); (E.R.G.)
| | - Tommaso Pelagatti
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine (CERFIT), Careggi University Hospital, Via Delle Oblate 4, 50141 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (T.P.); (E.R.G.)
- Farmacia Tili, Piazza Vittorio Veneto 32, 22036 Erba, Italy; (C.C.); (F.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Eugenia Rosaria Gallo
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine (CERFIT), Careggi University Hospital, Via Delle Oblate 4, 50141 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (T.P.); (E.R.G.)
| | - Celine Civati
- Farmacia Tili, Piazza Vittorio Veneto 32, 22036 Erba, Italy; (C.C.); (F.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Carlo Privitera
- Progetto MediCOmm s.r.l.s., C.da due Fontane s.n., 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy;
| | - Flavio Squillante
- Farmacia Tili, Piazza Vittorio Veneto 32, 22036 Erba, Italy; (C.C.); (F.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Paolo Maniglia
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Lecco, 23900 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Domenico Di Candia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Roberto Spampatti
- Farmacia Tili, Piazza Vittorio Veneto 32, 22036 Erba, Italy; (C.C.); (F.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Fabio Firenzuoli
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine (CERFIT), Careggi University Hospital, Via Delle Oblate 4, 50141 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (T.P.); (E.R.G.)
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.F.); Tel.: +39-055-794-9635 (V.M.)
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13
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Manosonication assisted extraction and characterization of pectin from different citrus peel wastes. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Scurria A, Sciortino M, Albanese L, Nuzzo D, Zabini F, Meneguzzo F, Alduina R, Presentato A, Pagliaro M, Avellone G, Ciriminna R. Flavonoids in Lemon and Grapefruit IntegroPectin*. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:1055-1058. [PMID: 34704664 PMCID: PMC8549029 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the analysis of terpenes present in new lemon and grapefruit "IntegroPectin" pectins obtained via the hydrodynamic cavitation of industrial lemon and grapefruit processing waste, the HPLC-MS analysis of flavonoid and other phenolic compounds reveals the presence of eriocitrin, naringin, hesperidin and kaempferol typical of the respective citrus fruits. The pectic fibers rich in rhamnogalacturonan-I regions act as chemical sponges adsorbing and concentrating at their outer surface highly bioactive citrus flavonoids and terpenes. These findings, together with the unique molecular structure of these new whole citrus pectins, provide preliminary insight into the broad-scope biological activity of these new biomaterials. Numerous new biomedical applications are anticipated, including likely use in the prevention and treatment of microbial infections and neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNRvia U. La Malfa 15390146PalermoItaly
| | - Marzia Sciortino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità di Palermovia Archirafi 3290123PalermoItaly
| | - Lorenzo Albanese
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNRvia Madonna del Piano 1050019Sesto Fiorentino (FI)Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'innovazione Biomedica, CNRvia U. La Malfa 15390146PalermoItaly
| | - Federica Zabini
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNRvia Madonna del Piano 1050019Sesto Fiorentino (FI)Italy
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNRvia Madonna del Piano 1050019Sesto Fiorentino (FI)Italy
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità di Palermoviale delle Scienze, Ed.1690128PalermoItaly
| | - Alessandro Presentato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità di Palermoviale delle Scienze, Ed.1690128PalermoItaly
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNRvia U. La Malfa 15390146PalermoItaly
| | - Giuseppe Avellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità di Palermovia Archirafi 3290123PalermoItaly
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNRvia U. La Malfa 15390146PalermoItaly
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15
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Nuzzo D, Scordino M, Scurria A, Giardina C, Giordano F, Meneguzzo F, Mudò G, Pagliaro M, Picone P, Attanzio A, Raimondo S, Ciriminna R, Di Liberto V. Protective, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activity of Grapefruit IntegroPectin on SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9368. [PMID: 34502276 PMCID: PMC8430642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tested in vitro on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, grapefruit IntegroPectin is a powerful protective, antioxidant and antiproliferative agent. The strong antioxidant properties of this new citrus pectin, and its ability to preserve mitochondrial membrane potential and morphology, severely impaired in neurodegenerative disorders, make it an attractive therapeutic and preventive agent for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated brain disorders. Similarly, the ability of this pectic polymer rich in RG-I regions, as well as in naringin, linalool, linalool oxide and limonene adsorbed at the outer surface, to inhibit cell proliferation or even kill, at high doses, neoplastic cells may have opened up new therapeutic strategies in cancer research. In order to take full advantage of its vast therapeutic and preventive potential, detailed studies of the molecular mechanism involved in the antiproliferative and neuroprotective of this IntegroPectin are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.N.); (P.P.)
| | - Miriana Scordino
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (M.S.); (C.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (F.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Costanza Giardina
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (M.S.); (C.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Francesco Giordano
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (F.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (M.S.); (C.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (F.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.N.); (P.P.)
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Via Divisi 83, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (F.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (M.S.); (C.G.); (G.M.)
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16
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Effects of Silver Fir ( Abies alba Mill.) Needle Extract Produced via Hydrodynamic Cavitation on Seed Germination. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071399. [PMID: 34371601 PMCID: PMC8309281 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the antigerminant capacity of water extracts of silver fir needles created by means of hydrodynamic cavitation processes. Fir needles (2 kg fresh weight) collected in the winter were blended and crushed in ice, poured in water only (120 L) and processed in a controlled hydrodynamic cavitation device based on a fixed Venturi-shaped reactor. The A. alba water extract (AWE), comprising an oil-in-water emulsion of silver fir needles’ essential oil (100% AWE), was diluted in distilled water to 75% and 50% AWE, and all aqueous solutions were tested as antigerminant against four weeds and four horticultural species and compared to control (distilled water). This study shows the effective inhibitory effect of pure AWE on germination, which mainly contains limonene (15.99 ng/mL) and α-pinene (11.87 ng/mL). Seeds showed delayed germination and inhibition but also a reduction in radicle elongation in AWE treatments as compared to control. This combined effect was particularly evident in three weeds (C. canadensis, C. album and A. retrofllexus) while horticultural species showed mainly effects on the radicle elongation as found in L. sativa, P. crispum and S. lycospermum, which showed on average 58%, 32% and 28%, respectively, shorter radicles than in the control. P. sativum was not affected by AWE, thus raising the hypothesis that seed characteristics and nutrition reserve might play a role in the resistance to terpenes inhibitory effect.
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17
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Nuzzo D, Picone P, Giardina C, Scordino M, Mudò G, Pagliaro M, Scurria A, Meneguzzo F, Ilharco LM, Fidalgo A, Alduina R, Presentato A, Ciriminna R, Di Liberto V. New Neuroprotective Effect of Lemon IntegroPectin on Neuronal Cellular Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:669. [PMID: 33923111 PMCID: PMC8145755 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemon IntegroPectin obtained via hydrodynamic cavitation of organic lemon processing waste in water shows significant neuroprotective activity in vitro, as first reported in this study investigating the effects of both lemon IntegroPectin and commercial citrus pectin on cell viability, cell morphology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondria perturbation induced by treatment of neuronal SH-SY5Y human cells with H2O2. Mediated by ROS, including H2O2 and its derivatives, oxidative stress alters numerous cellular processes, such as mitochondrial regulation and cell signaling, propagating cellular injury that leads to incurable neurodegenerative diseases. These results, and the absence of toxicity of this new pectic substance rich in adsorbed flavonoids and terpenes, suggest further studies to investigate its activity in preventing, retarding, or even curing neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Costanza Giardina
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Miriana Scordino
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Laura M. Ilharco
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (L.M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Alexandra Fidalgo
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (L.M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Presentato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Valentina Di Liberto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (C.G.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
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18
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CytroCell: Valued Cellulose from Citrus Processing Waste. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030596. [PMID: 33498706 PMCID: PMC7865635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolating cellulose from citrus processing waste without employing chemicals has so far been an unfulfilled goal of chemical research applied to the valorization of a widely available biowaste, annually totaling >100 million tonnes. We have applied hydrodynamic cavitation using a Venturi-type reactor for the extraction of all valued bioproducts of industrial citrus processing waste in water only, directly on a semi-industrial scale. After reporting the discovery of IntegroPectin in the soluble fraction of the aqueous extract, we now report the isolation of a cellulosic material in the water-insoluble fraction of cavitated lemon and grapefruit processing waste. Named “CytroCell”, the material is cellulose of low crystallinity, high porosity, good water holding capacity and good dispersibility in water. These properties open the route to mass-scale production of a useful functional material from a cheap and abundant biowaste.
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