1
|
Slavova I, Genisheva T, Angelova G, Chalumov V, Tomova T, Argirova M. Hypoglycemic Effects of Extracts Obtained from Endemic Betonica bulgarica Degen and Neič. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1406. [PMID: 38794476 PMCID: PMC11125167 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, together with the limited access of many patients to conventional antidiabetic drugs and the side effects resulting from their use, are the reason for the ever-increasing need for new agents. One of the most important strategies used in the therapy of this disease is to reduce the postprandial blood glucose level by inhibiting the carbohydrate-degrading enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The purpose of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for the potential hypoglycemic effect of leaf and inflorescence aqueous extracts of Bulgarian endemic species Betonica bulgarica Degen and Neič. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Qualitative and quantitative determinations of principal phenolic acids and flavonoids were performed using HPLC with a dual absorbance detector. The plant extracts were able to retard the enzymatic breakdown of starch to glucose with 50% inhibiting concentrations of 1.86 mg/mL and 1.54 mg/mL respectively for leaf and flower extract. Some of the plant constituents are proven inhibitors of α-amylase and/or α-glucosidase, but their adsorption on starch seems to be one additional mechanism for the inhibition of glucose release. Combination index analysis carried out with binary mixtures of acarbose and plant extracts showed a tendency toward synergism with an increase in concentrations and level of inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Slavova
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Str., Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria (T.T.); (M.A.)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khalid Z, Shafqat SS, Ahmad HA, Rehman HM, Munawar MA, Ahmad M, Asiri AM, Ashraf M. Synthesis of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-one derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitor and their in-silico study. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Kathy WPW, Ong LL, Devaraj S, Khong DT, Judeh ZMA. Targeted Synthesis of 3,3'-, 3,4'- and 3,6'-Phenylpropanoid Sucrose Esters. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020535. [PMID: 35056850 PMCID: PMC8780461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report on an orthogonal strategy for the precise synthesis of 3,3′-, 3,4′-, and 3,6′-phenylpropanoid sucrose esters (PSEs). The strategy relies on carefully selected protecting groups and deprotecting agents, taking into consideration the reactivity of the four free hydroxyl groups of the key starting material: di-isopropylidene sucrose 2. The synthetic strategy is general, and potentially applies to the preparation of many natural and unnatural PSEs, especially those substituted at 3-, 3′-, 4′- and 6′-positions of PSEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wong Pooi Wen Kathy
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2–B1-14, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (W.P.W.K.); (L.L.O.); (S.D.); (D.T.K.)
- Institute of Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 61 Nanyang Drive, ABN-02b-07, Singapore 637335, Singapore
| | - Li Lin Ong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2–B1-14, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (W.P.W.K.); (L.L.O.); (S.D.); (D.T.K.)
- Institute of Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 61 Nanyang Drive, ABN-02b-07, Singapore 637335, Singapore
| | - Surabhi Devaraj
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2–B1-14, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (W.P.W.K.); (L.L.O.); (S.D.); (D.T.K.)
| | - Duc Thinh Khong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2–B1-14, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (W.P.W.K.); (L.L.O.); (S.D.); (D.T.K.)
| | - Zaher M. A. Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2–B1-14, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (W.P.W.K.); (L.L.O.); (S.D.); (D.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6790-6738; Fax: +65-6794-7553
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uddin MJ, Russo D, Haque MA, Çiçek SS, Sönnichsen FD, Milella L, Zidorn C. Bioactive Abietane-Type Diterpenoid Glycosides from Leaves of Clerodendrum infortunatum (Lamiaceae). Molecules 2021; 26:4121. [PMID: 34299396 PMCID: PMC8306933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two previously undescribed diterpenoids, (5R,10S,16R)-11,16,19-trihydroxy-12-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-17(15→16),18(4→3)-diabeo-3,8,11,13-abietatetraene-7-one (1) and (5R,10S,16R)-11,16-dihydroxy-12-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-17(15→16),18(4→3)-diabeo-4-carboxy-3,8,11,13-abietatetraene-7-one (2), and one known compound, the C13-nor-isoprenoid glycoside byzantionoside B (3), were isolated from the leaves of Clerodendrum infortunatum L. (Lamiaceae). Structures were established based on spectroscopic and spectrometric data and by comparison with literature data. The three terpenoids, along with five phenylpropanoids: 6'-O-caffeoyl-12-glucopyranosyloxyjasmonic acid (4), jionoside C (5), jionoside D (6), brachynoside (7), and incanoside C (8), previously isolated from the same source, were tested for their in vitro antidiabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), anticancer (Hs578T and MDA-MB-231), and anticholinesterase activities. In an in vitro test against carbohydrate digestion enzymes, compound 6 showed the most potent effect against mammalian α-amylase (IC50 3.4 ± 0.2 μM) compared to the reference standard acarbose (IC50 5.9 ± 0.1 μM). As yeast α-glucosidase inhibitors, compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 displayed moderate inhibitory activities, ranging from 24.6 to 96.0 μM, compared to acarbose (IC50 665 ± 42 μM). All of the tested compounds demonstrated negligible anticholinesterase effects. In an anticancer test, compounds 3 and 5 exhibited moderate antiproliferative properties with IC50 of 94.7 ± 1.3 and 85.3 ± 2.4 μM, respectively, against Hs578T cell, while the rest of the compounds did not show significant activity (IC50 > 100 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Josim Uddin
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (M.J.U.); (S.S.Ç.)
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’ Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (D.R.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’ Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Md. Anwarul Haque
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan;
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Serhat Sezai Çiçek
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (M.J.U.); (S.S.Ç.)
| | - Frank D. Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’ Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (D.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Christian Zidorn
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (M.J.U.); (S.S.Ç.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gulnaz A, Nadeem J, Han JH, Lew LC, Son JD, Park YH, Rather IA, Hor YY. Lactobacillus Sps in Reducing the Risk of Diabetes in High-Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Inhibiting Key Digestive Enzymes Associated with Diabetes. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040348. [PMID: 33924088 PMCID: PMC8074288 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly spreading across the globe. The disease is linked to a disruption of gut microbiome. Probiotics are essential gut microbiota modulators proven to restore microbiota changes, thereby conferring health to its host. This study aimed to use probiotics (lactobacilli) and their metabolites as natural anti-diabetic therapy through the modulation of gut microbiota and inhibit diabetes-causing enzymes. Lactobacillus-treated high-fat diet mice showed lower blood glucose levels and body weight. Interestingly, our study also proved that the lactobacilli altered gut microbiota composition by suppressing opportunistic bacteria that are highly associated with metabolic diseases. Our findings substantiate the use of probiotics as natural anti-diabetic therapeutics. Abstract Obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) affects gut microbiota linked to the risk of type-2 diabetes (T2D). This study evaluates live cells and ethanolic extract (SEL) of Lactobacillus sakei Probio65 and Lactobacillus plantarum Probio-093 as natural anti-diabetic compounds. In-vitro anti-diabetic effects were determined based on the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. The SEL of Probio65 and Probio-093 significantly retarded α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes (p < 0.05). Live Probio65 and Probio-093 inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase, respectively (p < 0.05). In mice fed with a 45% kcal high-fat diet (HFD), the SEL and live cells of both strains reduced body weight significantly compared to HFD control (p < 0.05). Probio-093 also improved blood glucose level compared to control (p < 0.05). The gut microbiota modulatory effects of lactobacilli on HFD-induced diabetic mice were analyzed with qPCR method. The SEL and live cells of both strains reduced phyla Deferribacteres compared to HFD control (p < 0.05). The SEL and live cells of Probio-093 promoted more Actinobacteria (phyla), Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella (genus) compared to control (p < 0.05). Both strains exerted metabolic-modulatory effects, with strain Probio-093 showing more prominent alteration in gut microbiota, substantiating the role of probiotics in gut microbiome modulations and anti-diabetic effect. Both lactobacilli are potential candidates to lessen obesity-linked T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Gulnaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Jawad Nadeem
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Jong-Hun Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Lee-Ching Lew
- Probionic Corp. Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 38541, Korea;
| | - Jae-Dong Son
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52828, Korea;
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
- Probionic Corp. Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 38541, Korea;
| | - Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (I.A.R.); (Y.-Y.H.)
| | - Yan-Yan Hor
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
- Correspondence: or (I.A.R.); (Y.-Y.H.)
| |
Collapse
|