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Dhobale KV, Sahoo L. Identification of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus and susceptibility-related metabolites in the apoplast of mung bean leaves. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:173. [PMID: 38877163 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The investigation of MYMIV-infected mung bean leaf apoplast revealed viral genome presence, increased EVs secretion, and altered stress-related metabolite composition, providing comprehensive insights into plant-virus interactions. The apoplast, an extracellular space around plant cells, plays a vital role in plant-microbe interactions, influencing signaling, defense, and nutrient transport. While the involvement of apoplast and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in RNA virus infection is documented, the role of the apoplast in plant DNA viruses remains unclear. This study explores the apoplast's role in mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) infection. Our findings demonstrate the presence of MYMIV genomic components in apoplastic fluid, suggesting potential begomovirus cell-to-cell movement via the apoplast. Moreover, MYMIV infection induces increased EVs secretion into the apoplast. NMR-based metabolomics reveals altered metabolic profiles in both apoplast and symplast in response to MYMIV infection, highlighting key metabolites associated with stress and defense mechanisms. The data show an elevation of α- and β-glucose in both apoplast and symplast, suggesting a shift in glucose utilization. Interestingly, this increase in glucose does not contribute to the synthesis of phenolic compounds, potentially influencing the susceptibility of mung bean to MYMIV. Fructose levels increase in the symplast, while apoplastic sucrose levels rise significantly. Symplastic aspartate levels increase, while proline exhibits elevated concentration in the apoplast and reduced concentration in the cytosol, suggesting a role in triggering a hypersensitive response. These findings underscore the critical role of the apoplast in begomovirus infection, providing insights for targeted viral disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Vilas Dhobale
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Fiadorwu J, Subedi K, Todd D, Basti MM. Multipronged Approach to Profiling Metabolites in Beta vulgaris L. Dried Pulp Extracts Using Chromatography, NMR and Other Spectroscopy Methods. Foods 2023; 12:3510. [PMID: 37761219 PMCID: PMC10528680 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is known for being a rich source of phytochemicals, minerals and vitamins. This study aims to show how the combination of extraction/chromatography/mass spectrometry and NMR offers an efficient way to profile metabolites in the extracts of beetroot. Such combination may lead to the identification of more nutritional or medicinal compounds in natural products, and it is essential for our ongoing investigation to study the selective adsorption/desorption of these metabolites' on/off nanoparticles. The aqueous and organic extracts underwent analyses using UV-vis spectroscopy; GC-MS; LC-MS; 1H, 13C, 31P, TOCSY, HSQC, and selective TOCSY NMR experiments. Polar Extract: The two forms of betalain pigment were identified by UV-vis and LC MS. Fourteen amino acids, sucrose, and other compounds, among which is riboflavin, were identified by LC-MS. Two-dimensional TOCSY showed the spin coupling correlations corresponding to some of these compounds. The HSQC spectrum showed 1H/13C spin correlation in sucrose, confirming its high abundance in beetroot. Organic Extract: GC-MS data enabled the identification of several compounds including six fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) with higher than, on average, 90% similarity score. Selective TOCSY NMR data showed the spin coupling pattern corresponding to oleic, linoleic, and linolenic fatty acids. 31P NMR spectra indicate that phospholipids exist in both the organic and aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Fiadorwu
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Kiran Subedi
- Analytical Services Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (CAES), North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Daniel Todd
- Triad Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA;
| | - Mufeed M. Basti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
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Pérez-Ramírez IF, Escobedo-Alvarez DE, Mendoza-Sánchez M, Rocha-Guzmán NE, Reynoso-Camacho R, Acosta-Gallegos JA, Ramos-Gómez M. Phytochemical Profile and Composition of Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.): Varietal Differences and Effect of Germination under Elicited Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3093. [PMID: 37687340 PMCID: PMC10489618 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Germination is a simple process that improves the nutritional and medicinal values of seeds such as chickpeas. However, the detailed analysis of the phytochemical profile after chemical elicitation during chickpea germination is indispensable when making inferences about its biological properties. Therefore, an evaluation was made of the effect of the chemical inducers salicylic acid (SA, 1 and 2 mM), chitosan (CH, 3.3 and 7 μM), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 20 and 30 mM) during germination at 25 °C with 70% RH for 4 days on the content of antinutritional and bioactive compounds, including phenolics, sterols, and saponins, in three Mexican chickpea varieties (Blanoro, Patron, and San Antonio) using UPLC-ELSD-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS, UPLC-DAD-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS, and HPLC-DAD-sQ-MS. The highest increase in phenolics and saponins was found in the Blanoro sprouts induced with SA 2 mM, whereas the highest phytosterol content was detected in San Antonio sprouts induced with CH 7 μM. In addition, significant increases in mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides and decreases in antinutritional contents were achieved after germination with most of the elicitation conditions. More importantly, we identified new compounds in chickpea sprouts, such as the lignans matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol, the phenolic compounds epicatechin gallate and methyl gallate, some phytosterols, and the saponin phaseoside 1, which further increased after chemical elicitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iza Fernanda Pérez-Ramírez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las campanas S/N, Querétaro 76010, Mexico; (I.F.P.-R.)
| | - Diana E. Escobedo-Alvarez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las campanas S/N, Querétaro 76010, Mexico; (I.F.P.-R.)
| | - Magdalena Mendoza-Sánchez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las campanas S/N, Querétaro 76010, Mexico; (I.F.P.-R.)
| | - Nuria E. Rocha-Guzmán
- Unidad de Posgrado, Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (UPIDET), TECNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango 34080, Mexico
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las campanas S/N, Querétaro 76010, Mexico; (I.F.P.-R.)
| | - Jorge A. Acosta-Gallegos
- Campo Experimental Bajío (CEBAJ-INIFAP), Carretera Celaya-San Miguel de Allende Km. 6.5, Guanajuato 38010, Mexico
| | - Minerva Ramos-Gómez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las campanas S/N, Querétaro 76010, Mexico; (I.F.P.-R.)
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Lin Y, Zhou C, Li D, Wu Y, Dong Q, Jia Y, Yu H, Miao P, Pan C. Integrated non-targeted and targeted metabolomics analysis reveals the mechanism of inhibiting lignification and optimizing the quality of pea sprouts by combined application of nano-selenium and lentinans. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:5096-5107. [PMID: 36974656 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignification causes a detrimental impact on the quality of edible sprouts. However, the mechanism of inhibition of lignification of edible sprouts by nano-selenium and lentinans remains unclear. RESULTS To reveal the mechanism of lignification regulation of sprouts by nano-selenium and lentinans, this study investigated the changes in antioxidant indicators, phytohormones, polyphenols, and metabolites in the lignin biosynthesis in pea sprouts following sprays of nano-selenium or/and lentinans twice. There was an overall increase in the aforementioned indices following treatment. In particular, the combined application of 5 mg L-1 nano-selenium and 20 mg L-1 lentinans was more effective than their individual applications in enhancing peroxidase, catalase, DPPH free-radical scavenging rate, luteolin, and sinapic acid, as well as inhibiting malondialdehyde generation and lignin accumulation. Combined with the results from correlation analysis, nano-selenium and lentinans may inhibit lignification by enhancing antioxidant systems, inducing phytohormone-mediated signaling, and enriching precursor metabolites (caffeyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, 4-coumaryl alcohol). In terms of the results of non-targeted metabolomics, the combined application of 5 mg L-1 nano-selenium and 20 mg L-1 lentinans mainly affected biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism pathways, which supported and complemented results from targeted screenings. CONCLUSION Overall, the combined sprays of nano-selenium and lentinans showed synergistic effects in delaying lignification and optimizing the quality of pea sprouts. This study provides a novel and practicable technology for delaying lignification in the cultivation of edible sprouts. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxi Lin
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinyong Dong
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peijuan Miao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Borgonovi SM, Chiarello E, Pasini F, Picone G, Marzocchi S, Capozzi F, Bordoni A, Barbiroli A, Marti A, Iametti S, Di Nunzio M. Effect of Sprouting on Biomolecular and Antioxidant Features of Common Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum). Foods 2023; 12:foods12102047. [PMID: 37238865 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Buckwheat is a pseudo-cereal widely grown and consumed throughout the world. Buckwheat is recognized as a good source of nutrients and, in combination with other health-promoting components, is receiving increasing attention as a potential functional food. Despite the high nutritional value of buckwheat, a variety of anti-nutritional features makes it difficult to exploit its full potential. In this framework, sprouting (or germination) may represent a process capable of improving the macromolecular profile, including reducing anti-nutritional factors and/or synthesizing or releasing bioactives. This study addressed changes in the biomolecular profile and composition of buckwheat that was sprouted for 48 and 72 h. Sprouting increased the content of peptides and free-phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity, caused a marked decline in the concentration of several anti-nutritional components, and affected the metabolomic profile with an overall improvement in the nutritional characteristics. These results further confirm sprouting as a process suitable for improving the compositional traits of cereals and pseudo-cereals, and are further steps towards the exploitation of sprouted buckwheat as a high-quality ingredient in innovative products of industrial interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Margherita Borgonovi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Chiarello
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Federica Pasini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Picone
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Silvia Marzocchi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Francesco Capozzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bordoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research (CIRI), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Alberto Barbiroli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Iametti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Di Nunzio
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Gonda S, Szűcs Z, Plaszkó T, Cziáky Z, Kiss-Szikszai A, Sinka D, Bácskay I, Vasas G. Quality-controlled LC-ESI-MS food metabolomics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) sprouts: Insights into changes in primary and specialized metabolites. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112347. [PMID: 36737938 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an important food and spice with bioactive compounds against diabetes. In this study, fenugreek seeds germinating in darkness for 72 h were studied using quantification of trigonelline and 4-hydroxyisoleucine and an LC-ESI-MS/MS-based metabolomic approach capable of accurately estimating 237 features from various primary and specialized compound classes. During germination, the concentrations of trigonelline and 4-hydroxyisoleucine rose by 33.5% and 33.3%, respectively. At the same time, untargeted metabolomics revealed 9 putative flavonoids increasing 1.19- to 2.77-fold compared to the dormant seeds. A set of 19 steroid saponins rose by 1.08- to 31.86-fold. Primary metabolites however showed much more variability: abundance changes in amino acid derivatives, peptides and saccharides fell in the 0.09- to 22.25-fold, 0.93- to 478.79-fold and 0.36- to 941.58-fold ranges, respectively. To increase biosynthesis of specialized metabolites during germination, sprouts were exposed to 1-100 mM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and methyl salicylate (MeSA). The hormone treatments affected normal metabolism: 67.1-83.1 % and 64.1-83.5 % of compounds showed a reduction compared to the controls in 100 mM MeJA and MeSA treatments at different sampling time points. Contrary to expectations, the abundance of flavonoids decreased, compared to the control sprouts (0.75- and 0.68-fold change medians, respectively). The same was observed for most, but not all steroid saponins. The quality-controlled untargeted metabolomics approach proved to yield excellent insight into the metabolic changes during germination of fenugreek. The results suggest that although fenugreek germination causes major shifts in plant metabolism, there are no major qualitative changes in bioactive specialized metabolites during the first three days. This stability likely translates into good bioactivity that is similar to that of the seeds. Because the large changes in the primary metabolites likely alter the nutritive value of the seed, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Gonda
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Szűcs
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Healthcare Industry Institute, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Plaszkó
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- University of Nyíregyháza, Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Sóstói út 31/b, Hungary
| | - Attila Kiss-Szikszai
- University of Debrecen, Department of Organic Chemistry, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - Dávid Sinka
- University of Debrecen, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, H-4032, Nagyerdei körút 98, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Healthcare Industry Institute, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; University of Debrecen, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, H-4032, Nagyerdei körút 98, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasas
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Comparative Insights into Four Major Legume Sprouts Efficacies for Diabetes Management and Its Complications: Untargeted versus Targeted NMR Biochemometrics Approach. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010063. [PMID: 36676988 PMCID: PMC9866814 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in the consumption of seed sprouts is gradually increasing as functional foods in the modern Western diet owing to their several nutritional and health benefits. The present study aims to investigate four major legume sprouts derived from faba bean (Vicia faba L.), lentil (Lens esculenta L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-greacum L.) for their antidiabetic activity and mitigation of associated complications, i.e., oxidative stress, liver dysfunction, and lipid metabolism, compared with glibenclamide. Biochemical results presented herein further showed that the four sprouts exhibited significant hypoglycemic effects (p < 0.05), with improvement in decreasing of blood glucose levels at different degrees and with faba bean sprout most active at 348% improvement, compared to 364.3% for glibenclamide. Further biochemometric analysis based on a comparison between targeted versus untargeted partial least square (PLS) and regression analyses revealed that faba bean sprouts’ richness in flavonoids was a determinant key factor for such efficacy. In addition, correlation with previously investigated NMR fingerprinting aided in pinpointing other active agents, such as betaine and L-DOPA. Furthermore, the effect on serum liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase; oxidative stress markers; and lipid profiles showed significant improvement, especially in the case of faba bean sprout. The study revealed the potential health benefits of legume sprouts in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications, as well as the potential role of biochemometrics in active agents’ identification in such a complex matrix to be considered for other functional foods investigation.
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H. Baky M, Fahmy H, Farag MA. Recent Advances in Garcinia cambogia Nutraceuticals in Relation to Its Hydroxy Citric Acid Level. A Comprehensive Review of Its Bioactive Production, Formulation, and Analysis with Future Perspectives. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:25948-25957. [PMID: 35936438 PMCID: PMC9352243 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Garcinia cambogia (Gaertn.) Desr. (known as Malabar tamarind) is a popular traditional herbal medicine and is one of the well-known folk medicines reported for the treatment of obesity and incorporated in several nutraceuticals worldwide. These effects are mediated by a myriad of bioactive compounds with most effects attributed to its hydroxy citric acid (HCA) content. This review aims to present a holistic overview on novel trends in the production of G. cambogia bioactive components and how extraction optimization is important to ensure best product quality with its reported nanoformulations with particular emphasis on HCA content. Further, an overview of the different analytical approaches used for quality control assessment of G. cambogia plant and its nutraceuticals is presented highlighting both advantages and limitations. Moreover, analytical approaches for detecting G. cambogia metabolites in biological fluids with emphasis on HCA level to determine its pharmacokinetics and proof of efficacy are presented for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H. Baky
- Pharmacognosy
Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian
Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba Fahmy
- Pharmacognosy
Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern
University for Technology & Information, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy
Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
- . Tel: +011-202-2362245. Fax: +011-202-25320005
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Acito M, Palomba M, Fatigoni C, Villarini M, Sancineto L, Santi C, Moretti M. Fagiolina del Trasimeno, an Italian cowpea landrace: Effect of different cooking techniques and domestic storage on chemical and biological features. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Acito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health) University of Perugia Via del Giochetto 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - Martina Palomba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Group of Catalysis Synthesis and Organic Green Chemistry) University of Perugia Via del Liceo 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Cristina Fatigoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health) University of Perugia Via del Giochetto 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - Milena Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health) University of Perugia Via del Giochetto 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - Luca Sancineto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Group of Catalysis Synthesis and Organic Green Chemistry) University of Perugia Via del Liceo 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Claudio Santi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Group of Catalysis Synthesis and Organic Green Chemistry) University of Perugia Via del Liceo 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health) University of Perugia Via del Giochetto 06122 Perugia Italy
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10
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Kehinde BA, Majid I, Hussain S. Isolation of bioactive peptides and multiple nutraceuticals of antidiabetic and antioxidant functionalities through sprouting: Recent advances. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14317. [PMID: 35867040 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The employment of proteases directly from enzymes or indirectly from microorganisms during fermentation for the purpose of proteolysis of food proteins has been the conventional trend for the derivation of bioactive peptides from food matrices. However, recent studies have shown that inherent protease enzymes can be activated for this activity for vegetable foods using the sprouting process. The benefits of ease of operation, and reduced processing costs are formidable advantages for the optimal consideration of this technique. On another note, the demand for functional foods with therapeutic health effects has increased in recent years. Globally, plant foods are perceived as dietetic choices bearing sufficient quantities of concomitant nutraceuticals. In this manuscript, the sprouting route for the isolation of peptides and glucosinolates, and for the enhancement of total phenolic contents, polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles, and other bioactive constituents was explored. Advances regarding the phytochemical transformations in the course of sprouting, the therapeutic functionalities, and microbiological safety concerns of vegetable sprouts are delineated. In addition, consumption of vegetable sprouts has been shown to be more efficient in supplying nutraceutical components relative to their unsprouted counterparts. Biochemical mechanisms involving the inhibition of digestive enzymes such as α-amylase, β-glucosidase, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), single electron transfer, and metal chelation, for impartation of health benefits, have been reported to occur from bioactive components isolated from vegetable sprouts. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Sprouting initiates proteolysis of vegetable proteins for the release of bioactive peptides. Abiotic stresses can be used as elicitors during the sprouting process to achieve enhanced phytochemical profiles of sprouts. Sprouting is a relatively more convenient approach to the improvement of the health benefits of vegetable foods. Vegetable sprouts are potential for the management of metabolic syndrome disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bababode Adesegun Kehinde
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ishrat Majid
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Shafat Hussain
- Department of Fisheries, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Anantnag, India
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Zayed A, Sheashea M, Kassem IAA, Farag MA. Red and white cabbages: An updated comparative review of bioactives, extraction methods, processing practices, and health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7025-7042. [PMID: 35174750 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Red and white cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba and rubra, respectively) are two of the most commercially valued vegetables in crucifers, well-recognized for their unique sensory and nutritive attributes in addition to a myriad of health-promoting benefits. The current review addressed the differential qualitative/quantitative phytochemical make-ups for the first time for better utilization as nutraceuticals and to identify potential uses based on the chemical makeup of both cultivars (cvs.). In addition, extraction methods are compared highlighting their advantages and/or limitations with regards to improving yield and stability of cabbage bioactives, especially glucosinolates. Besides, the review recapitulated detailed action mechanism and safety of cabbage bioactives, as well as processing technologies to further improve their effects are posed as future perspectives. White and red cabbage cvs. revealed different GLSs profile which affected by food processing, including enzymatic hydrolysis, thermal breakdown, and leaching. In addition, the red cultivar provides high quality pigment for industrial applications. Moreover, non-conventional modern extraction techniques showed promising techniques for the recovery of their bioactive constituents compared to solvent extraction. All these findings pose white and red cabbages as potential candidates for inclusion in nutraceuticals and/or to be commercialized as functional foods prepared in different culinary forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Zayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mohamed Sheashea
- Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman A A Kassem
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Baky MH, Badawy MT, Bakr AF, Hegazi NM, Abdellatif A, Farag MA. Metabolome-based profiling of African baobab fruit ( Adansonia digitata L.) using a multiplex approach of MS and NMR techniques in relation to its biological activity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39680-39695. [PMID: 35494142 PMCID: PMC9044842 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adansonia digitata L. also known as African baobab is one of the most important fruit-producing trees, widely distributed in the African continent. Baobab fruits are known to possess potential health benefits and nutritional value. This study aimed to holistically dissect the metabolome of A. digitata fruits using a novel comparative protocol using three different analytical platforms. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) were respectively employed for phytonutrients and aroma profiling, whereas GC-MS post silylation provided an overview of nutrients i.e., sugars. UHPLC-HRMS/MS analysis allowed for the assignment of 77 metabolites, among which 50% are reported for the first time in the fruit. While GC-MS of silylated and aroma compounds led to the identification of 74 and 16 compounds, respectively. Finally, NMR-based metabolite fingerprinting permitted the quantification of the major metabolites for future standardization. In parallel, in vivo antidiabetic potential of the baobab fruit using a streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model was assessed. Histopathological and immune-histochemical investigations revealed hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of A. digitata fruit along with mitigation against diabetes complications. Moreover, the administration of A. digitata fruits (150 mg kg-1) twice a week lowered fasting blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H Baky
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University Badr City Cairo 11829 Egypt +01007906443
| | - Marwa T Badawy
- Biology Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Alaa F Bakr
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University Gamaa St. 12211 Giza Egypt
| | - Nesrine M Hegazi
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, Division of Pharmaceutical Industries, National Research Centre P. O. Box 12622 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdellatif
- Biology Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El Aini St. P.B. 11562 Cairo Egypt +011-202-25320005 +011-202-2362245
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo New Cairo 11835 Egypt
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Farag MA, Afifi SM, Rasheed DM, Khattab AR. Revealing compositional attributes of Glossostemon bruguieri Desf. root geographic origin and roasting impact via chemometric modeling of SPME-GC-MS and NMR metabolite profiles. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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