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Kumar A, Bajaj P, Singh B, Paul K, Sharma P, Mehra S, Robin, Kaur P, Jasrotia S, Kumar P, Rajat, Singh V, Tuli HS. Sesamol as a potent anticancer compound: from chemistry to cellular interactions. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4961-4979. [PMID: 38180556 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Sesamol (SM), a well-known component isolated from sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum), used in traditional medicines in treating numerous ailments. However, numerous molecular investigations revealed the various mechanisms behind its activity, emphasizing its antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-inducing properties, preventing cancer cell spread to distant organs. In several cells derived from various malignant tissues, SM-regulated signal transduction pathways and cellular targets have been identified. This review paper comprehensively describes the anticancer properties of SM and SM-viable anticancer drugs. Additionally, the interactions of this natural substance with standard anticancer drugs are examined, and the benefits of using nanotechnology in SM applications are explored. This makes SM a prime example of how ethnopharmacological knowledge can be applied to the development of contemporary drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Biotechnology Engineering & Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Payal Bajaj
- Advanced Eye Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Brahmjot Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kapil Paul
- Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, 144004, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sukanya Mehra
- P.G. Department of Science, Khalsa College For Women, Amritsar, 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Robin
- Regional Water Testing Laboratory, Department of Water Supply and Sanitation, Agilent Technologies India Pvt. Ltd., Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pardeep Kaur
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shivam Jasrotia
- Department of Biosciences, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Rajat
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubator (PBTI), Phase VIII, Mohali, 160071, India
| | - Vipourpreet Singh
- Coast Mountain College, Prince Rupert, British Columbia, V8J3S8, Canada
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
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Yin WT, Yang CJ, Yang HJ, Hu BB, Zhang F, Wang XD, Liu HM, Miao HM. Sesame lignans modulate aroma formation in sesame oil through the Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation in model systems. Food Chem 2024; 457:140079. [PMID: 38901343 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The unknown effect of sesame lignans on aroma formation in sesame oil via the Maillard reaction (MR) and lipid oxidation was investigated. Sesamin, sesamolin, or sesamol was added to 3 models: lysine+glucose (MR), cold-pressed sesame oil (SO), and MR + SO, and were heated at 120 °C for 60 min. All three lignans suppressed SO oxidation while increasing DPPH scavenging ability (p < 0.05). Lignans increased depletions of lysine and glucose and MR browning (p < 0.05). Lignans reduced most aroma-active pyrazines, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and esters (p < 0.05). Sesamol and sesamolin increased perceptions of the preferable aromas of nutty, roasted sesame, and popcorn while reducing the undesirable green and rancid aromas (p < 0.05). Sesamol demonstrated a stronger effect on lipid oxidation, MR browning, aroma formation, and sensory perception than sesamin and sesamolin. This study suggests that sesame lignans can modulate aroma formation and sensory perception of sesame oil by interacting with the MR and lipid oxidation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chen-Jia Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bei-Bei Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xue-de Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hong-Mei Miao
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Dossou SSK, Luo Z, Deng Q, Zhou R, Zhang Y, Li D, Li H, Tozo K, You J, Wang L. Biochemical and Molecular Insights into Variation in Sesame Seed Antioxidant Capability as Revealed by Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:514. [PMID: 38790619 PMCID: PMC11117558 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesame seeds are important resources for relieving oxidation stress-related diseases. Although a significant variation in seeds' antioxidant capability is observed, the underlying biochemical and molecular basis remains elusive. Thus, this study aimed to reveal major seed components and key molecular mechanisms that drive the variability of seeds' antioxidant activity (AOA) using a panel of 400 sesame accessions. The seeds' AOA, total flavonoid, and phenolic contents varied from 2.03 to 78.5%, 0.072 to 3.104 mg CAE/g, and 2.717 to 21.98 mg GAE/g, respectively. Analyses revealed that flavonoids and phenolic acids are the main contributors to seeds' AOA variation, irrespective of seed coat color. LC-MS-based polyphenol profiling of high (HA) and low (LA) antioxidant seeds uncovered 320 differentially accumulated phenolic compounds (DAPs), including 311 up-regulated in HA seeds. Tricin, persicoside, 5,7,4',5'-tetrahydro-3',6-dimethoxyflavone, 8-methoxyapigenin, and 6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavone were the top five up-regulated in HA. Comparative transcriptome analysis at three seed developmental stages identified 627~2357 DEGs and unveiled that differential regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and stilbene biosynthesis were the key underlying mechanisms of seed antioxidant capacity variation. Major differentially regulated phenylpropanoid structural genes and transcription factors were identified. SINPZ0000571 (MYB), SINPZ0401118 (NAC), and SINPZ0500871 (C3H) were the most highly induced TFs in HA. Our findings may enhance quality breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Physiology, University of Lomé, Lomé 01 BP 1515, Togo;
| | - Zishu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Donghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Koffi Tozo
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Physiology, University of Lomé, Lomé 01 BP 1515, Togo;
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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Liu T, Wang Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Jia B, Zhang J, Guo W, Li FY. Bio-organic fertilizer facilitated phytoremediation of heavy metal(loid)s-contaminated saline soil by mediating the plant-soil-rhizomicrobiota interactions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171278. [PMID: 38417528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) was effective to promote the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metal(loid)s-contaminated saline soil (HCSS) by improving rhizosphere soil properties, especially microbiome. However, there existed unclear impacts of BOF on plant metabolome and plant-driven manipulation on rhizosphere soil microbiota in HCSS, which were pivotal contributors to stress defense of plants trapped in adverse conditions. Here, a pot experiment was conducted to explore the mechanisms of BOF in improving alfalfa (Medicago sativa)-performing phytoremediation of HCSS. BOF application significantly increased the biomass (150.87-401.58 %) to support the augments of accumulation regarding heavy metal(loid)s (87.50 %-410.54 %) and salts (38.27 %-271.04 %) in alfalfa. BOF promoted nutrients and aggregates stability but declined pH of rhizosphere soil, accompanied by the boosts of rhizomicrobiota including increased activity, reshaped community structure, enriched plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Blastococcus, Modestobacter, Actinophytocola, Bacillus, and Streptomyces), strengthened mycorrhizal symbiosis (Leohumicola, Funneliformis, and unclassified_f_Ceratobasidiaceae), optimized co-occurrence networks, and beneficial shift of keystones. The conjoint analysis of plant metabolome and physiological indices confirmed that BOF reprogrammed the metabolic processes (synthesis, catabolism, and long-distance transport of amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate, phytohormone, stress-resistant secondary metabolites, etc) and physiological functions (energy supply, photosynthesis, plant immunity, nutrients assimilation, etc) that are associated intimately. The consortium of root metabolome, soil metabolome, and soil microbiome revealed that BOF facilitated the exudation of metabolites correlated with rhizomicrobiota (structure, biomarker, and keystone) and rhizosphere oxidative status, e.g., fatty acyls, phenols, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, highlighting the plant-driven regulation on rhizosphere soil microbes and environment. By compiling various results and omics data, it was concluded that BOF favored the adaptation and phytoremediation efficiency of alfalfa by mediating the plant-soil-rhizomicrobiota interactions. The results would deepen understanding of the mechanisms by which BOF improved phytoremediation of HCSS, and provide theoretical guidance to soil amelioration and BOF application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yongchao Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yunong Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Bingbing Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jingxia Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Frank Yonghong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
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Mostashari P, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Sesame Seeds: A Nutrient-Rich Superfood. Foods 2024; 13:1153. [PMID: 38672826 PMCID: PMC11049391 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) have been cultivated for thousands of years and have long been celebrated for their culinary versatility. Beyond their delightful nutty flavor and crunchy texture, sesame seeds have also gained recognition for their remarkable health benefits. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the numerous ways in which sesame seeds contribute to overall well-being. Sesame seeds are a powerhouse of phytochemicals, including lignans derivatives, tocopherol isomers, phytosterols, and phytates, which have been associated with various health benefits, including the preservation of cardiovascular health and the prevention of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain dysfunction. These compounds have also been substantiated for their efficacy in cholesterol management. Their potential as a natural source of beneficial plant compounds is presented in detail. The article further explores the positive impact of sesame seeds on reducing the risk of chronic diseases thanks to their rich polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Nevertheless, it is crucial to remember the significance of maintaining a well-rounded diet to achieve the proper balance of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a balance lacking in sesame seed oil. The significance of bioactive polypeptides derived from sesame seeds is also discussed, shedding light on their applications as nutritional supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional ingredients. Recognizing the pivotal role of processing methods on sesame seeds, this review discusses how these methods can influence bioactive compounds. While roasting the seeds enhances the antioxidant properties of the oil extract, certain processing techniques may reduce phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mostashari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1941933111, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova Street, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia
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Vajdi M, Seyedhosseini-Ghaheh H, Hassanizadeh S, Mostafavi N, Khajeh M, Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi F, Askari G. Effect of sesame supplementation on body composition and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:838-849. [PMID: 38316576 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the impact of sesame supplementation on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DATA SYNTHESIS PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Embase were searched without any restrictions until September 2023.Only RCTs reporting the effects of sesame supplementation on body composition and lipid profiles were included, while observational studies and animal models were excluded. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Out of 997 studies identified, 10 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis suggested a significant association between sesame supplementation and reduction in TG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -37.61 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -61.48, 13.73), TC (WMD: -32.69 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -47.26, 18.12), and LDL-C (WMD: -28.72 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -44.68, 12.76). However, our meta-analysis indicated that the supplementary intake of sesame had no significant effect on HDL-C, BW, and BMI in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that sesame consumption significantly lowered TG, TC, and LDL-C levels, which may have contributed to the improvement of clinical symptoms in T2DM. However, given the limited number of trials included in the analysis, additional large-scale studies are needed to confirm the effects of sesame consumption on the lipid profile and body composition in patients with T2DM. PROSPERO CODE CRD42023460630.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Hassanizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Negar Mostafavi
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Khajeh
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Hoyos BE, Johnson JB, Mani JS, Batley RJ, Trotter T, Bhattarai SP, Naiker M. The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:793. [PMID: 38592794 PMCID: PMC10974145 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Sesame is an emerging crop of interest in Australia and has attracted widespread interest due to the health-benefitting properties of its bioactive compounds, including fatty acids, lignans, and polyphenols. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drought stress on these bioactive compounds, using eleven cultivars of black sesame seeds grown in Australia. Specific varieties responded positively to water deficit (WD) conditions, showing increased levels of TPC, FRAP, CUPRAC, and lignans. Varieties 1, 4, 7, and 12 showed significantly increased FRAP values ranging from 158.02 ± 10.43 to 195.22 ± 9.63 mg TE/100 g DW in the WD treatment compared to the well-watered (WW) treatment, whereas varieties 7, 10, 12, 13, and 18 demonstrated the highest CUPRAC values of all varieties (2584.86 ± 99.68-2969.56 ± 159.72 mg TE/100 g) across both WW and WD conditions, with no significant variations between irrigation regimes. Moreover, lignan contents (sesamin and sesamolin) were higher in varieties 1, 2, 5, and 8 grown in WD conditions. Compared to the optimal unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (Σ UFA/Σ SFA ratio) of 0.45, all sesame genotypes showed superior ratios (ranging between 1.86 and 2.34). Moreover, the ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio varied from 33.7-65.5, with lower ratios in varieties 2, 4, 5, 8, and 18 under WD conditions. The high levels of phenolic compounds and healthy fats suggest the potential of black sesame to be incorporated into diets as a functional food. Furthermore, the enhanced phytochemistry of these cultivars in WD conditions is promising for widespread adoption. However, larger trial studies to confirm these findings across different geographic locations and seasons are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz E. Hoyos
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
| | - Joel B. Johnson
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Bundaberg Central, QLD 4670, Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Janice S. Mani
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
| | - Ryan J. Batley
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
| | - Tieneke Trotter
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Bundaberg Central, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Surya P. Bhattarai
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Bundaberg Central, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (B.E.H.); (J.S.M.); (R.J.B.); (T.T.); (S.P.B.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity Australia, Bundaberg Campus, Bundaberg Central, QLD 4670, Australia
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Kumano T. Specialized metabolites degradation by microorganisms. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:270-275. [PMID: 38169014 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites are specialized metabolic products synthesized by plants, insects, and bacteria, some of which exhibit significant physiological activities against other organisms. Plants containing bioactive secondary metabolites have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. In developed countries, one-fourth of medicines directly contain plant-derived compounds or indirectly contain them via semi-synthesis. These compounds have contributed considerably to the development of not only medicine but also molecular biology. Moreover, the biosynthesis of these physiologically active secondary metabolites has attracted substantial interest and has been extensively studied. However, in many cases, the degradation mechanisms of these secondary metabolites remain unclear. In this review, some unique microbial degradation pathways for lignans and C-glycosides are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Kumano
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Rajan R, Karthikeyan S, Desikan R. Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, In Silico and In Vitro Studies of New Class of Methylenedioxyphenyl-Based Amide Derivatives as Potential Myeloperoxidase Inhibitors for Cardiovascular Protection. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7850-7868. [PMID: 38405500 PMCID: PMC10882620 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Novel methylenedioxyphenyl-based amides, especially N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-nitrobenzo-[1,3]-dioxole-5-carboxamide (MDC) and N-(3-acetylphenyl)-6-nitrobenzo-[1,3]-dioxole-5-carboxamide (ADC), potential cardiovascular preventive agents, are successfully synthesized, and their chemical structures are verified by 1H and 13C NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analyses. Data obtained from SC-XRD reveal that MDC and ADC are both monoclinic molecules with Z = 2 and 4, respectively. From density functional theory (DFT) calculations, 3.54 and 3.96 eV are the energy gaps of the optimized MDC and ADC structures, respectively. MDC and ADC exhibit an electrophilicity index value of more than 1.5 eV, suggesting that they can act as an electrophile, facilitating bond formation with biomolecules. Hirshfeld surface analysis demonstrates that more than 25% of atomic interactions in both MDC and ADC are from H···H interactions. Based on pharmacokinetic predictions, MDC and ADC exhibit drug-like properties, and molecular docking simulations revealed favorable interactions with active site pockets. Both MDC and ADC achieved higher docking scores of -7.74 and -7.79 kcal/mol, respectively, with myeloperoxidase (MPO) protein. From docking results, MPO was found to be most favorable followed by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and α-glucosidase (α-GD). Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and in vitro enzymatic studies of MDC and ADC indicate that MDC is more selective toward MPO and more potent than ADC. The application of MDC to inhibit myeloperoxidase could be ascertained to reduce the cardiovascular risk factor. This can be supported from the results of computational docking (based on hydrogen bonding and docking score), in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and MPO enzymatic inhibition (based on the percentage of inhibition and IC50 values).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Rajan
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sambantham Karthikeyan
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajagopal Desikan
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
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10
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Bai J, Zhang C, Liu Y, Kuang N, Xu L, Xu Z, Wang H, Liu R. The therapeutic effect of Loranthus parasiticus lignan derivatives on collagen-induced arthritis in rats through the SHBG/NFκB pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:873-883. [PMID: 38227094 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Lignan-rich beans, nuts, and various seeds are the main foods with antioxidative and hormone-modulating activities. Although the role of lignans in mediating hormone-dependent cancers and cardiovascular diseases is well characterized, the function of lignans in anti-arthritic activity and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Three new lignan derivatives, (-)-nortrachelogenin, trachelogenin, and matairesinol, were extracted from Loranthus parasiticus. After establishing the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model by intradermal injection of collagen, rats were treated with three new lignan derivatives ((-)-nortrachelogenin: 37%; trachelogenin: 27%; matairesinol: 25.7%) at a concentration of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, or methotrexate at 0.3 mg/kg. Mixed lignan derivatives significantly attenuated the immune responses in the joints of CIA rats, leading to lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and higher levels of free androgen in the serum compared to the CIA model. The results of molecular docking using AutoDock Vina showed that the lignan derivative (-)-nortrachelogenin was the most effective compound for binding to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), thus inhibiting the activity of NFκB in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In this study, (-)-nortrachelogenin was identified as a novel natural lignan derivative with previously unrecognized anti-inflammatory activity. Its molecular mechanism appears related to the regulation of the NFκB/SHBG pathway. Our findings suggest that further application of sex hormone-like compounds in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and the potential clinical applications of (-)-nortrachelogenin are promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Bai
- Clinical Pharmacy, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, 046011, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Nanzhen Kuang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Liangquan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhengang Xu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Haiwei Wang
- Obstetrics Department, Changzhi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhi, 046011, China
| | - Renping Liu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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11
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Nouska C, Irakli M, Palakas P, Lytou AE, Bouloumpasi E, Biliaderis CG, Lazaridou A. Influence of sesame cake on physicochemical, antioxidant and sensorial characteristics of fortified wheat breads. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113980. [PMID: 38309883 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Incorporation of two sesame cake preparations, differing in fat, 11 % (LF) and 17 % (HF), and protein, 51 % (LF) and 44 % (HF), contents, respectively, into breads at 6, 12 and 20 % wheat flour substitution levels, led to enriched end-products with antioxidants, suitable also to carry the 'high protein' and 'fiber source' nutrition claims (at ≥ 12 % substitution level). Sesame cake decreased wheat dough resistance to mixing and extension, and peak viscosity (empirical rheology), in a concentration-dependent manner, being more pronounced for LF formulations. Breads with LF incorporation ≥ 12 % had lower specific volumes and harder crumb (texture analysis) throughout storage, than control (100 % wheat flour); however, such adverse effects were diminished in HF bread formulations due to the plasticizing and emulsifying action of the sesame cake fat. Calorimetry showed that the sesame cake had no effect on starch retrogradation, but enhanced amylose-lipid complex formation. Antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays), and phenolic acids (ferulic, p-coumaric and sinapic) and lignan (sesaminol glucosides and sesamolin) contents, determined by HPLC-DAD-MS, were higher in LF breads than their HF counterparts. The presence of some sulfur (off-flavor) and pyrazine (nutty flavor) compounds (SPME-GC-MS), as well as the sesame flavor and bitterness (sensory analysis) were of higher intensity in HF breads, while the 6 % LF product received the highest overall acceptability score among all fortified products. Overall, the sesame cake can be a promising ingredient for production of functional wheat bread depending on its composition and fortification level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi Nouska
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 235, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Irakli
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Prokopis Palakas
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 235, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia E Lytou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elisavet Bouloumpasi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas G Biliaderis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 235, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Athina Lazaridou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 235, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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12
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Berenshtein L, Okun Z, Shpigelman A. Stability and Bioaccessibility of Lignans in Food Products. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:2022-2031. [PMID: 38250420 PMCID: PMC10795133 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Lignans are a group of plant phenolic compounds with various technofunctional and health-promoting properties. They can be found in oilseeds (291.7-2513 mg/100 g), nuts, vegetables, fruits, and alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks. The most common structural representative feature of lignans' backbone is a dimeric phenylpropanoid, which consists of two C6-C3 units joined by a central carbon. Compared to other phenolics, such as flavonoids, the literature on lignan stability and bioaccessibility is limited. This Mini-Review aims to present an overview of recent literature, draw connecting lines to the known regarding polyphenols, and suggest the main knowledge gaps. Processing methods and processing conditions influence the stability of lignans with several thermal treatments explored. Roasting, as a major studied processing step, displayed varying effects as a function of the lignan structure and matrix. The content of specific and even total lignans was shown to increase in some cases even after intense thermal treatment. Lignans were also reported to present a stabilizing effect against oxidation to oils when added externally. Different fermentation methods presented inconclusive outcomes on the content of lignans, likely stemming from the various matrices and microorganisms studied in a relatively limited pool of studies. The bioaccessibility of lignans in in vitro studies was usually low (from less than 1% in fermented flaxseed to 30% for microwaved artichokes). Yet, a clear conclusion regarding the digestive fate of lignans as a function of processing and structure cannot be currently suggested, and significant additional effort in this direction is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora Berenshtein
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion,
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zoya Okun
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion,
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Avi Shpigelman
- Faculty
of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion,
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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13
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Li J, Ma X, Luo L, Tang D, Zhang L. The What and Who of Dietary Lignans in Human Health: Special Attention to Estrogen Effects and Safety Evaluation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16419-16434. [PMID: 37870451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignans are a group of phenolic compounds found in plant-based diets. The human body can obtain lignans through diet, which are then metabolized into enterolignans. The enterolignans have been linked to several health benefits, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, and estrogen effects. This review explores the relationship between the estrogenic effects of lignans and health. This review not only considers the estrogen-like activity of lignans but also discusses the safe dosage of lignans at different life stages. In addition, this review also identified other types of bioactive compounds that can act synergistically with lignans to promote health. Studies have shown that lignan administration during pregnancy and lactation reduces the risk of breast cancer in offspring. Further studies are needed to investigate the estrogenic safety effects of lignan on pregnant women and children. Whether lignans combine with other nutrients in complex food substrates to produce synergistic effects remains to be investigated. This review provides a basis for future studies on the safe dose of lignan and recommended dietary intake of lignan. We believe that the acquired as discussed here has implications for developing dietary therapies that can promote host nutrition and modulate estrogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ma
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lianzhong Luo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Medicinal Natural Products Resources, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Danqing Tang
- The School of Foreign Languages of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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14
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Singh N, Vishwas S, Kaur A, Kaur H, Kakoty V, Khursheed R, Chaitanya MVNL, Babu MR, Awasthi A, Corrie L, Harish V, Yanadaiah P, Gupta S, Sayed AA, El-Sayed A, Ali I, Kensara OA, Ghaboura N, Gupta G, Dou AM, Algahtani M, El-Kott AF, Dua K, Singh SK, Abdel-Daim MM. Harnessing role of sesamol and its nanoformulations against neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115512. [PMID: 37725878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesamol is a lignan of sesame seeds and a natural phenolic molecule that has emerged as a useful medical agent. Sesamol is a non-toxic phytoconstituent, which exerts certain valuable effects in the management of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), etc. Sesamol is known to depict its neuroprotective role by various mechanisms, such as metabolic regulators, action on oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, etc. However, its poor oral bioavailability, rapid excretion (as conjugates), and susceptibility to gastric irritation/toxicity (particularly in rats' forestomach) may restrict its effectiveness. To overcome the associated limitations, novel drug delivery system-based formulations of sesamol are emerging and being researched extensively. These can conjugate with sesamol and enhance the bioavailability and solubility of free sesamol, along with delivery at the target site. In this review, we have summarized various research works highlighting the role of sesamol on various NDs, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, the formulation strategies and neuroprotective role of sesamol-based nano-formulations have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Harmanpreet Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Violina Kakoty
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rubiya Khursheed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - M V N L Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India; Department of pharmaceutics, ISF college of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vancha Harish
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Palakurthi Yanadaiah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of pharmacology, Khandwa Road, Village Umrikheda, Near Toll booth, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
| | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Amr El-Sayed
- Department of Animal Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York at Stonybrook, New York, USA
| | - Osama A Kensara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7067, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P. O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura 302017, Jaipur, India
| | - Ali M Dou
- Division of blood bank, Department of medical laboratories, Riyadh security forces hospital, Ministry of interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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15
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Guo Z, Xu W, Wei D, Zheng S, Liu L, Cai Y. Functional analysis of a dirigent protein AtsDIR23 in Acorustatarinowii. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 290:154098. [PMID: 37774564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Acorus tatarinowii (A. tatarinowii) is a medicinal plant of the Araceae family. Currently, pharmacology focuses on the study of volatile oils, but there are few reports of another important secondary metabolite, lignan. Dirigent protein is thought to play an important role in plant secondary metabolism and responds to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the DIR gene family of A. tatarinowii has not been systematically analyzed, and it is unknown whether it affects lignan synthesis. In this study, a total of 27 AtsDIRs were identified by comprehensive analysis of the genome of the medicinal plant A. tatarinowii, and the candidate gene AtsDIR23 that may be involved in lignan synthesis was screened through bioinformatics and transcriptome analysis. It is worth noting that AtsDIR23 is significantly expressed in rhizomes and is a member of the DIR-a subfamily. Subsequently, subcellular localization revealed that AtsDIR23 was localized in chloroplasts. The functional verification of AtsDIR23 b y the transient transformation of A. tatarinowii and the stable transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the content of lignans in overexpressed plants increased. Co-expression analysis screening revealed the MYB transcription factor (AtsMYB91) that is highly correlated with AtsDIR23 expression, while yeast one-hybrid assays and double luciferase experiments showed that AtsMYB91 negatively regulated the expression of AtsDIR23 b y binding to the AtsDIR23 promoter. In conclusion, AtsDIR23 can promote the accumulation of lignans, which provides a reference for further research on the regulation of lignans by DIR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihui Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Dongyi Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Siyan Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yongping Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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16
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Huang SM, Chuang CH, Rejano CJF, Tayo LL, Hsieh CY, Huang SKH, Tsai PW. Sesamin: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for Ameliorating Symptoms of Diabetes. Molecules 2023; 28:7255. [PMID: 37959677 PMCID: PMC10649669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by improperly regulating proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids due to insulin deficiency or resistance. The increasing prevalence of diabetes poses a tremendous socioeconomic burden worldwide, resulting in the rise of many studies on Chinese herbal medicines to discover the most effective cure for diabetes. Sesame seeds are among these Chinese herbal medicines that were found to contain various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, lowering cholesterol, improving liver function, blood pressure and sugar lowering, regulating lipid synthesis, and anticancer activities. These medicinal benefits are attributed to sesamin, which is the main lignan found in sesame seeds and oil. In this study, Wistar rat models were induced with type 2 diabetes using streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide, and the effect of sesamin on the changes in body weight, blood sugar level, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin levels, and the states of the pancreas and liver of the rats were evaluated. The results indicate a reduced blood glucose level, HbA1c, TG, and ALT and AST enzymes after sesamin treatment, while increased insulin level, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were also observed. These findings prove sesamin's efficacy in ameliorating the symptoms of diabetes through its potent pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ming Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nantou Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou City 545, Taiwan;
- Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung City 433, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hung Chuang
- Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung City 433, Taiwan;
| | - Christine Joyce F. Rejano
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines; (C.J.F.R.); (L.L.T.)
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Lemmuel L. Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines; (C.J.F.R.); (L.L.T.)
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mapúa University, Makati 1200, Philippines
| | - Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 711, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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17
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Comini E, Rubiales D, Reveglia P. Variability of Fatty Acid Composition and Lignan Content in Sesame Germplasm, and Effect of Roasting. ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 3:1747-1758. [PMID: 37881444 PMCID: PMC10594645 DOI: 10.1021/acsfoodscitech.3c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds are highly valued for their culinary applications and for producing a premium-quality oil. This study investigated the polyphenol content and fatty acid composition of a set of sesame accessions and examined their association with seed colors. Among the different colors, black-seeded accessions exhibited the highest total lignan content, while white-seeded accessions had average lower levels. Brown-seeded accessions showed relatively lower concentrations of sesamol and intermediate levels of sesamolin and sesamin than other colors. The oil derived from these seeds contained unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), nutritionally crucial for human consumption. Brown varieties exhibited higher concentrations of these fatty acids. Roasting black and white sesame seeds at increasing temperatures (180 and 250 °C) significantly affected lignan and UFAs concentrations. Higher temperatures resulted in elevated levels of detrimental t-oleic and t-linoleic acids. Furthermore, sesamolin content notably decreased at 180 °C and became undetectable at 250 °C. The temperature also caused a marked increase in sesamol, regardless of seed color. PCA analysis highlighted clusters between white and black varieties according to roasting temperature, displaying the potential application of chemometrics to assess processing effects and ensure sesame quality and safety. This research provides valuable insights for exploiting sesame within agrosystems in Mediterranean climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Comini
- Institute for Sustainable
Agriculture, CSIC, Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Diego Rubiales
- Institute for Sustainable
Agriculture, CSIC, Córdoba, 14004, Spain
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18
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Ramírez-Coronel AA, Ali Alhilali KA, Basheer Ahmed Y, Almalki SG, Karimian J. Effect of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) consumption on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3809-3819. [PMID: 37317803 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conflicting evidence exists on the effect of sesame consumption on glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, this meta-analysis focuses on the relationship between sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) intervention and glycemic control in patients with T2D. Published literature was retrieved and screened from PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to December 2022. Outcome measures included fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations, fasting insulin levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) percentage. Pooled effect sizes were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eight clinical trials (395 participants) were eligible for meta-analyses. Overall, sesame consumption significantly reduced serum FBS (WMD: -28.61 mg/dL, 95% CI: -36.07 to -21.16, p˂0.001; I2 = 98.3%) and HbA1c percentage (WMD: -0.99%, 95% CI: -1.22 to -0.76, p ≤ 0.001; I2 = 65.1%) in patients with T2D. However, sesame consumption did not significantly influence fasting insulin levels (Hedges's: 2.29, 95% CI: -0.06 to 4.63, p = 0.06; I2 = 98.1%). In summary, the current meta-analysis showed a promising effect of sesame consumption on glycemic control through reducing FBS and HbA1c, yet additional prospective studies are recommended, using higher doses and longer intervention period, to confirm the impact of sesame consumption on insulin levels in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Research group in educational statistics, National University of Education, Azogues, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Yasmin Basheer Ahmed
- Clinical Nutrition, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
- Food science and nutrition, Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jahangir Karimian
- Department of General Courses, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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19
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Chi Y, He HW, Chen CY, Zhao SY, Zhou H, Xu D, Liu X, Xu G. Furofuran Lignans for Plant Protection: Discovery of Sesamolin and Its Derivatives as Novel Anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Antibacterial Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37418668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been a valuable source of efficient and low-risk pesticides. In this work, a series of novel sesamolin derivatives A0-A31 and B0-B4 were designed and synthesized via structural simplification of furofuran lignan phrymarolin II, and their antiviral and antibacterial activities were systematically evaluated. The bioassay results showed that compound A24 displayed remarkable inactivation activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) with an EC50 value of 130.4 μg/mL, which was superior to that of commercial ningnanmycin (EC50 = 202.0 μg/mL). The antiviral mode of action assays suggested that compound A24 may obstruct self-assembly by binding to TMV coat protein (CP), thus resisting the TMV infection. In addition, compound A25 possessed prominent antibacterial activities, especially against Ralstonia solanacearum with an EC50 value of 43.8 μg/mL, which is better than those of commercial bismerthiazol and thiodiazole copper. This research lays a solid foundation for the utilization of furofuran lignans in crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chi
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hong-Wei He
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cai-Yun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Si-Ying Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xili Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Park YJ, Kim YJ, Park SU, Kim HY, Yang JY, Song SY, Lee MJ, Seo WD, Kim JK. Lipids and volatile organic compounds in sesame seeds and their relationships with environmental temperature-induced stress. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112831. [PMID: 37254406 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sesame seeds contain several lipids and fragrances that offer health benefits. However, no studies have reported a relationship between the lipids or flavor compounds of sesame seeds and environmental factors. In this study, we aimed to identify this relationship by analyzing the contents of lipidic and flavor compounds in fifteen genotypes of sesame seeds grown in two cultivation regions (Jeonju and Miryang) and years (2018 and 2019). Herein, 17 lipids and 62 flavor compounds were detected. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed that the cultivation year had a larger influence on the contents of lipidic and flavor compounds than the cultivation region and genotype. Furthermore, heat stress due to high cultivation temperature in 2018 caused the accumulation of sugar and secondary metabolites, increased flavor-related substances, and inhibited the degradation of fatty acids. Our study is the first to demonstrate the metabolic changes in lipids and flavor components of sesame in response to environmental temperature changes affected by different cultivation years. Therefore, this study provides guidance for the cultivation of commercially advantageous sesame seeds in improving the quality of sesame seeds and their products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeong Yang
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeob Song
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ja Lee
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Duck Seo
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
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21
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da Silva Ribeiro JE, dos Santos Coêlho E, de Oliveira AKS, Correia da Silva AG, de Araújo Rangel Lopes W, de Almeida Oliveira PH, Freire da Silva E, Barros Júnior AP, Maria da Silveira L. Artificial neural network approach for predicting the sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) leaf area: A non-destructive and accurate method. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17834. [PMID: 37501953 PMCID: PMC10368775 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The estimative of the leaf area using a nondestructive method is paramount for successive evaluations in the same plant with precision and speed, not requiring high-cost equipment. Thus, the objective of this work was to construct models to estimate leaf area using artificial neural network models (ANN) and regression and to compare which model is the most effective model for predicting leaf area in sesame culture. A total of 11,000 leaves of four sesame cultivars were collected. Then, the length (L) and leaf width (W), and the actual leaf area (LA) were quantified. For the ANN model, the parameters of the length and width of the leaf were used as input variables of the network, with hidden layers and leaf area as the desired output parameter. For the linear regression models, leaf dimensions were considered independent variables, and the actual leaf area was the dependent variable. The criteria for choosing the best models were: the lowest root of the mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and absolute mean percentage error (MAPE), and higher coefficients of determination (R2). Among the linear regression models, the equation yˆ=0.515+0.584*LW was considered the most indicated to estimate the leaf area of the sesame. In modeling with ANNs, the best results were found for model 2-3-1, with two input variables (L and W), three hidden variables, and an output variable (LA). The ANN model was more accurate than the regression models, recording the lowest errors and higher R2 in the training phase (RMSE: 0.0040; MAE: 0.0027; MAPE: 0.0587; and R2: 0.9834) and in the test phase (RMSE: 0.0106; MAE: 0.0029; MAPE: 0.0611; and R2: 0.9828). Thus, the ANN method is the most indicated and accurate for predicting the leaf area of the sesame.
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22
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Wadhwa K, Kaur H, Kapoor N, Brogi S. Identification of Sesamin from Sesamum indicum as a Potent Antifungal Agent Using an Integrated in Silico and Biological Screening Platform. Molecules 2023; 28:4658. [PMID: 37375219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited availability of antifungal drugs, their relevant side effects and considering the insurgence of drug-resistant strains, novel antifungal agents are urgently needed. To identify such agents, we have developed an integrated computational and biological screening platform. We have considered a promising drug target in antifungal drug discovery (exo-1,3-β-glucanase) and a phytochemical library composed of bioactive natural products was used. These products were computationally screened against the selected target using molecular docking and molecular dynamics techniques along with the evaluation of drug-like profile. We selected sesamin as the most promising phytochemical endowed with a potential antifungal profile and satisfactory drug-like properties. Sesamin was submitted to a preliminary biological evaluation to test its capability to inhibit the growth of several Candida species by calculating the MIC/MFC and conducting synergistic experiments with the marketed drug fluconazole. Following the screening protocol, we identified sesamin as a potential exo-1,3-β-glucanase inhibitor, with relevant potency in inhibiting the growth of Candida species in a dose-dependent manner (MIC and MFC of 16 and 32 µg/mL, respectively). Furthermore, the combination of sesamin with fluconazole highlighted relevant synergistic effects. The described screening protocol revealed the natural product sesamin as a potential novel antifungal agent, showing an interesting predicted pharmacological profile, paving the way to the development of innovative therapeutics against fungal infections. Notably, our screening protocol can be helpful in antifungal drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Wadhwa
- Fungal Biology Laboratory, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Hardeep Kaur
- Fungal Biology Laboratory, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Neha Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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23
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Ioannou ET, Gliatis KS, Zoidis E, Georgiou CA. Olive Oil Benefits from Sesame Oil Blending While Extra Virgin Olive Oil Resists Oxidation during Deep Frying. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114290. [PMID: 37298766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fresh potatoes were deep-fried in olive oil (OO), extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), and their blends with 5%, 10%, and 20% v/v sesame oil (SO). This is the first report on the use of sesame oil as a natural source of antioxidants during olive oil deep frying. The oil was evaluated for anisidine value (AV), free fatty acids (FFAs), extinction coefficient (K232 and K270), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and total phenols (TPs) until the total polar compounds (TPCs) reached 25%. Sesame lignan transformations were monitored through reversed-phase HPLC. While the TPCs in olive oils increased at a steady rate, the addition of 5%, 10%, and 20% v/v SO delayed TPCs' formation for 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively. The addition of 5%, 10%, and 20% v/v SO increased the olive oil frying time by 1.5 h, 3.5 h, and 2.5 h, respectively. The addition of SO to OO reduced the secondary oxidation products' formation rate. The AV for EVOO was lower than OO and all tested blends, even those with EVOO. EVOO was more resistant to oxidation than OO, as measured by the TPCs and TEAC, while the frying time rose from 21.5 to 25.25 h when EVOO replaced OO. The increase in frying time for OO but not for EVOO, after SO addition, points to a niche market for EVOO in deep frying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia T Ioannou
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos S Gliatis
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Zoidis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos A Georgiou
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece
- FoodOmics.GR Research Infrastructure, 118 55 Athens, Greece
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24
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Sheng C, Song S, Zhou W, Dossou SSK, Zhou R, Zhang Y, Li D, You J, Wang L. Integrating transcriptome and phytohormones analysis provided insights into plant height development in sesame. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 198:107695. [PMID: 37058966 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant height is a key agronomic trait influencing crops yield. The height of sesame plants is important for yield performance, lodging resistance and plant architecture. Although plant height is significantly distinct among sesame varieties, the genetic basis of plant height remains largely unknown. In this study, in order to tackle genetic insights into the sesame plant height development, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis was conducted using the stem tips from two sesame varieties with distinct plant height, Zhongzhi13 and ZZM2748, at five time points by BGI MGIseq2000 sequencing platform. A total of 16,952 genes were differentially expressed between Zhongzhi13 and ZZM2748 at five time points. KEGG and MapMan enrichment analyses and quantitative analysis of phytohormones indicated that hormones biosynthesis and signaling pathways were associated with sesame plant height development. Plenty of candidate genes involved in biosynthesis and signaling of brassinosteroid (BR), cytokinin (CK) and gibberellin (GA) which were major differential hormones between two varieties were identified, suggesting their critical roles in plant height regulation. WGCNA revealed a module which was significantly positively associated with the plant height trait and founded SiSCL9 was the hub gene involved in plant height development in our network. Further overexpression in transgenic Arabidopsis validated the function of SiSCL9 in the increase of plant height by 26.86%. Collectively, these results increase our understanding of the regulatory network controlling the development of plant height and provide a valuable genetic resource for improvement of plant architecture in sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shengnan Song
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wangyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Donghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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25
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Majdalawieh AF, Eltayeb AE, Abu-Yousef IA, Yousef SM. Hypolipidemic and Anti-Atherogenic Effects of Sesamol and Possible Mechanisms of Action: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083567. [PMID: 37110801 PMCID: PMC10146572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesamol is a phenolic lignan isolated from Sesamum indicum seeds and sesame oil. Numerous studies have reported that sesamol exhibits lipid-lowering and anti-atherogenic properties. The lipid-lowering effects of sesamol are evidenced by its effects on serum lipid levels, which have been attributed to its potential for significantly influencing molecular processes involved in fatty acid synthesis and oxidation as well as cholesterol metabolism. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the reported hypolipidemic effects of sesamol, observed in several in vivo and in vitro studies. The effects of sesamol on serum lipid profiles are thoroughly addressed and evaluated. Studies highlighting the ability of sesamol to inhibit fatty acid synthesis, stimulate fatty acid oxidation, enhance cholesterol metabolism, and modulate macrophage cholesterol efflux are outlined. Additionally, the possible molecular pathways underlying the cholesterol-lowering effects of sesamol are presented. Findings reveal that the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of sesamol are achieved, at least in part, by targeting liver X receptor α (LXRα), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression, as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways. A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-hyperlipidemic potential of sesamol is necessary to assess the possibility of utilizing sesamol as an alternative natural therapeutic agent with potent hypolipidemic and anti-atherogenic properties. Research into the optimal sesamol dosage that may bring about such favorable hypolipidemic effects should be further investigated, most importantly in humans, to ensure maximal therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin F Majdalawieh
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aaram E Eltayeb
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Imad A Abu-Yousef
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah M Yousef
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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26
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Abib B, Afifi SM, El-Din MGS, Farag MA. How do cultivar origin and stepwise industrial processing impact Sesamum indicum seeds' metabolome and its paste and in relation to their antioxidant effects? A case study from the sesame industry. Food Chem 2023; 420:136134. [PMID: 37062083 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Sesame is a valuable crop recognized for its rich composition and myriad of health benefits. The current study attempts to characterize sesame seeds' metabolome in relation to geographical origins i.e., Egypt, Sudan, Nigeria, in addition to samples from paste production lines along its different steps. UPLC-PDA-ESI-qTOF-MS was employed for untargeted profiling and in correlation to antioxidant capacity using DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene-lineolate assays. 139 Peaks were identified, including novel phospholipids and catechol lignan in sesame. Furthermore, discriminatory markers belonging to coumarins, lignans, phenolic and organic acids were revealed among raw accessions, whereas roasted and unroasted seeds were distinguished by sugar, peptide/amino acid, and organic acid contents. Negative processing impact was observed in the loss of lignans during dehulling and decreased antioxidant capacity in sesame paste. However, malic acid in roasted seeds and verbascoside in Nigerian sesame could account for their improved antioxidant effects as revealed using chemometrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishoy Abib
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
| | - Sherif M Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed G Sharaf El-Din
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42515, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt.
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27
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Matsumura Y, Kitabatake M, Kayano SI, Ito T. Dietary Phenolic Compounds: Their Health Benefits and Association with the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040880. [PMID: 37107256 PMCID: PMC10135282 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes various diseases, such as type II diabetes and dyslipidemia, while antioxidants in foods may prevent a number of diseases and delay aging by exerting their effects in vivo. Phenolic compounds are phytochemicals such as flavonoids which consist of flavonols, flavones, flavanonols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, lignans, stilbenoids, curcuminoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. They have phenolic hydroxyl groups in their molecular structures. These compounds are present in most plants, are abundant in nature, and contribute to the bitterness and color of various foods. Dietary phenolic compounds, such as quercetin in onions and sesamin in sesame, exhibit antioxidant activity and help prevent cell aging and diseases. In addition, other kinds of compounds, such as tannins, have larger molecular weights, and many unexplained aspects still exist. The antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds may be beneficial for human health. On the other hand, metabolism by intestinal bacteria changes the structures of these compounds with antioxidant properties, and the resulting metabolites exert their effects in vivo. In recent years, it has become possible to analyze the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The augmentation of the intestinal microbiota by the intake of phenolic compounds has been implicated in disease prevention and symptom recovery. Furthermore, the “brain–gut axis”, which is a communication system between the gut microbiome and brain, is attracting increasing attention, and research has revealed that the gut microbiota and dietary phenolic compounds affect brain homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of dietary phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities against some diseases, their biotransformation by the gut microbiota, the augmentation of the intestinal microflora, and their effects on the brain–gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsumura
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitabatake
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kayano
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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28
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Li M, Luo J, Nawaz MA, Stockmann R, Buckow R, Barrow C, Dunshea F, Suleria HAR. Phytochemistry, Bioaccessibility, and Bioactivities of Sesame Seeds: An Overview. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2168280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Li
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jiani Luo
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Malik Adil Nawaz
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, Werribee, Australia
| | - Regine Stockmann
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, Werribee, Australia
| | - Roman Buckow
- Centre for Advanced Food Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Australia
| | - Colin Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - Frank Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
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29
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Dossou SSK, Song S, Liu A, Li D, Zhou R, Berhe M, Zhang Y, Sheng C, Wang Z, You J, Wang L. Resequencing of 410 Sesame Accessions Identifies SINST1 as the Major Underlying Gene for Lignans Variation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021055. [PMID: 36674569 PMCID: PMC9860558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesame is a promising oilseed crop that produces specific lignans of clinical importance. Hence, a molecular description of the regulatory mechanisms of lignan biosynthesis is essential for crop improvement. Here, we resequence 410 sesame accessions and identify 5.38 and 1.16 million SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and InDels, respectively. Population genomic analyses reveal that sesame has evolved a geographic pattern categorized into northern (NC), middle (MC), and southern (SC) groups, with potential origin in the southern region and subsequent introduction to the other regions. Selective sweeps analysis uncovers 120 and 75 significant selected genomic regions in MC and NC groups, respectively. By screening these genomic regions, we unveiled 184 common genes positively selected in these subpopulations for exploitation in sesame improvement. Genome-wide association study identifies 17 and 72 SNP loci for sesamin and sesamolin variation, respectively, and 11 candidate causative genes. The major pleiotropic SNPC/A locus for lignans variation is located in the exon of the gene SiNST1. Further analyses revealed that this locus was positively selected in higher lignan content sesame accessions, and the "C" allele is favorable for a higher accumulation of lignans. Overexpression of SiNST1C in sesame hairy roots significantly up-regulated the expression of SiMYB58, SiMYB209, SiMYB134, SiMYB276, and most of the monolignol biosynthetic genes. Consequently, the lignans content was significantly increased, and the lignin content was slightly increased. Our findings provide insights into lignans and lignin regulation in sesame and will facilitate molecular breeding of elite varieties and marker-traits association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Lomé 01BP 1515, Togo
| | - Shengnan Song
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Aili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Donghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Muez Berhe
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Chen Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-18607147952 (J.Y.); +86-15926338805 (L.W.)
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-18607147952 (J.Y.); +86-15926338805 (L.W.)
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Chen JC, Wang R, Wei CC. Anti-aging effects of dietary phytochemicals: From Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, rodents to clinical studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:5958-5983. [PMID: 36597655 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2160961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-aging research has become critical since the elderly population is increasing dramatically in this era. With the establishment of frailty phenotype and frailty index, the importance of anti-frailty research is concurrently enlightened. The application of natural phytochemicals against aging or frailty is always intriguing, and abundant related studies have been published. Various models are designed for biological research, and each model has its strength and weakness in deciphering the complex aging mechanisms. In this article, we attempt to show the potential of Caenorhabditis elegans in the study of phytochemicals' effects on anti-aging by comparing it to other animal models. In this review, the lifespan extension and anti-aging effects are demonstrated by various physical, cellular, or molecular biomarkers of dietary phytochemicals, including resveratrol, curcumin, urolithin A, sesamin, fisetin, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, epicatechin, spermidine, sulforaphane, along with extracts of broccoli, cocoa, and blueberry. Meanwhile, the frequency of phytochemicals and models studied or presented in publications since 2010 were analyzed, and the most commonly mentioned animal models were rats, mice, and the nematode C. elegans. This up-to-date summary of the anti-aging effect of certain phytochemicals has demonstrated powerful potential for anti-aging or anti-frailty in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chi Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Reuben Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Wei
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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JIAO WC, LI YK, JIA M, WANG DM, QI K, WANG XD. Quickly determination of sesame lignans in sesame oil using a portable near-infrared spectrometer. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.104422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya-Ke LI
- Henan University of Technology, China
| | - Mian JIA
- Henan University of Technology, China
| | | | - Kun QI
- Henan Anyang Mantianxue Protein, China
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Treatment of High-Polyphenol-Content Waters Using Biotechnological Approaches: The Latest Update. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010314. [PMID: 36615508 PMCID: PMC9822302 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols and their intermediate metabolites are natural compounds that are spread worldwide. Polyphenols are antioxidant agents beneficial for human health, but exposure to some of these compounds can be harmful to humans and the environment. A number of industries produce and discharge polyphenols in water effluents. These emissions pose serious environmental issues, causing the pollution of surface or groundwater (which are used to provide drinking water) or harming wildlife in the receiving ecosystems. The treatment of high-polyphenol-content waters is mandatory for many industries. Nowadays, biotechnological approaches are gaining relevance for their low footprint, high efficiency, low cost, and versatility in pollutant removal. Biotreatments exploit the diversity of microbial metabolisms in relation to the different characteristics of the polluted water, modifying the design and the operational conditions of the technologies. Microbial metabolic features have been used for full or partial polyphenol degradation since several decades ago. Nowadays, the comprehensive use of biotreatments combined with physical-chemical treatments has enhanced the removal rates to provide safe and high-quality effluents. In this review, the evolution of the biotechnological processes for treating high-polyphenol-content water is described. A particular emphasis is given to providing a general concept, indicating which bioprocess might be adopted considering the water composition and the economic/environmental requirements. The use of effective technologies for environmental phenol removal could help in reducing/avoiding the detrimental effects of these chemicals. In addition, some of them could be employed for the recovery of beneficial ones.
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Ma X, Hu X, Zhu Y, Jin H, Hu G, Ding L, Ning S. Sesamol inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of triple negative breast cancer via inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115299. [PMID: 36244446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), a particularly aggressive breast cancer subtype without estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, possesses highly invasive capacity, uncontrolled proliferative phenotype and poor clinical prognosis. Sesamol enriched in sesame seeds has been widely reported as a metabolic modulator due to its anti-aging, anti-hepatotoxic and cardio-protective properties. In this study, we found that sesamol significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells via attenuating PCNA, CyclinD1 expression and reversion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characterized by increased epithelial marker E-cadherin and decreased mesenchymal marker N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail expression. Moreover, sesamol inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Wnt agonist 1 AMBMP application reversed the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC by sesamol administration. Subsequently, our data showed that sesamol induced Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1), an endogenous inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, expression and WIF1 artificial knockdown abrogated the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by sesamol exposure in TNBC cells. And we found that promoter region de-methylation was responsible for WIF1 up-regulation by sesamol administration. Finally, with the xenograft assay using nude mice, we also found that sesamol inhibited proliferation and metastasis of TNBC via WIF1-induced inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vivo. Collectively, these data added novel understandings and evidences to the anti-cancer properties of sesamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Preventive Care Department, Jinhua Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yijia Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huixian Jin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guifen Hu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linchao Ding
- Department of Scientific Research, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shilong Ning
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Shen JW, Wu PY, Kuo YH, Chang QX, Wen KC, Chiang HM. Fermented Taiwanofungus camphoratus Extract Ameliorates Psoriasis-Associated Response in HaCaT Cells via Modulating NF-𝜅B and mTOR Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314623. [PMID: 36498953 PMCID: PMC9739991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease, and until now, it remains an incurable disease. Therefore, the development of new drugs or agents that ameliorate the disease will have marketing potential. Taiwanofungus camphoratus (TC) is a specific fungus in Taiwan. It is demonstrated to have anticancer, anti-inflammation, and hepatoprotective effects. However, the effects of TC fermented extract on psoriasis are under investigation. In this research, we studied the ability of TC on antioxidative activity and the efficacy of TC on interleukin-17 (IL-17A)-induced intracellular oxidative stress, inflammation-relative, and proliferation-relative protein expression in human keratinocytes. The results of a DPPH radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, and hydroxyl peroxide inhibition assay indicated that TC has a potent antioxidant ability. Furthermore, TC could reduce IL-17A-induced intracellular ROS generation and restore the NADPH level. In the investigation of pathogenesis, we discovered TC could regulate inflammatory and cell proliferation pathways via p-IKKα/p-p65 and p-mTOR/p-p70S6k signaling pathways in human keratinocytes. In conclusion, TC showed characteristics such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-psoriatic-associated responses. It is expected to be developed as a candidate for oxidative-stress-induced skin disorders or psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Shen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Qiao-Xin Chang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Wen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22053366 (ext. 5302)
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Villa C, Costa J, Mafra I. Sesame as a source of food allergens: clinical relevance, molecular characterization, cross-reactivity, stability toward processing and detection strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4746-4762. [PMID: 36377716 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2145263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sesame is an allergenic food with an increasing allergy prevalence among the European/USA population. Sesame allergy is generally life-persisting, being the cause of severe/systemic adverse immune responses in sesame-allergic individuals. Herein, clinical data about sesame allergy, including prevalence, diagnosis, relevance, and treatments are described, with focus on the molecular characterization of sesame allergens, their cross-reactivity and co-sensitization phenomena. The influence of food processing and digestibility on the stability/immunoreactivity of sesame allergens is critically discussed and the analytical approaches available for their detection in foodstuffs. Cross-reactivity between sesame and tree nuts or peanuts is frequent because of the high similarities among proteins of the same family. However, cross-reactivity phenomena are not always correlated with true clinical allergy in sensitized patients. Data suggest that sesame allergens are resistant to heat treatments and digestibility, with little effect on their immunoreactivity. Nevertheless, data are scarce, evidencing the need for more research to understand the effect of food processing on sesame allergenicity modulation. The demands for identifying trace amounts of sesame in foods have prompted the development of analytical methods, which have targeted both protein and DNA markers, providing reliable, specific, and sensitive tools, crucial for the effective management of sesame as an allergenic food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Villa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, Portugal
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Song S, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Sheng C, Zhou W, Dossou SSK, Wang L, You J, Zhou R, Wei X, Zhang X. Metabolome genome-wide association study provides biochemical and genetic insights into natural variation of primary metabolites in sesame. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:1051-1069. [PMID: 36176211 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants' primary metabolites are of great importance from the survival and nutritional perspectives. However, the genetic bases underlying the profiles of primary metabolites in oilseed crops remain largely unclear. As one of the main oilseed crops, sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a potential model plant for investigating oil metabolism in plants. Therefore, the objective of this study is to disclose the genetic variants associated with variation in the content of primary metabolites in sesame. We performed a comprehensive metabolomics analysis of primary metabolites in 412 diverse sesame accessions using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and identified a total of 45 metabolites, including fatty acids, monoacylglycerols (MAGs), and amino acids. Genome-wide association study unveiled 433 significant single-nucleotide polymorphism loci associated with variation in primary metabolite contents in sesame. By integrating diverse genomic analyses, we identified 10 key candidate causative genes of variation in MAG, fatty acid, asparagine, and sucrose contents. Among them, SiDSEL was significantly associated with multiple traits. SiCAC3 and SiKASI were strongly associated with variation in oleic acid and linoleic acid contents. Overexpression of SiCAC3, SiKASI, SiLTPI.25, and SiLTPI.26 in transgenic Arabidopsis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that SiCAC3 is a potential target gene for improvement of unsaturated fatty acid levels in crops. Furthermore, we found that it may be possible to breed several quality traits in sesame simultaneously. Our results provide valuable genetic resources for improving sesame seed quality and our understanding of oilseed crops' primary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Song
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Center for Gene Research, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chen Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Wangyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xiurong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
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Biela M, Kleinová A, Klein E. Guaiacol oxidation: theoretical insight into thermochemistry of radical processes involving methoxy group demethylation. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:730-739. [PMID: 36669169 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2170880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) is naturally occurring phenolic compound essential in various research areas. Oxidative transformation of guaiacol can lead to the formation of various products, including 1,3-benzodioxole or ortho-quinone. Therefore, this study is focused on the investigation of the reaction enthalpies of experimentally observed guaiacol oxidation pathways in gas-phase, as well as in non-polar environment and aqueous solution. Corresponding Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were carried out using two hybrid functionals (M06-2X and B3LYP-D3). All reaction enthalpies, as well as Gibbs free energies, were also calculated using composite ab initio G4 method. M06-2X and G4 results show mutual agreement and the best accordance with available experimentally determined reaction enthalpies. Obtained Gibbs free reaction energies indicate that formation of ortho-quinone is thermodynamically preferred to formation of 1,3-benzodioxole at 298 K in studied environments. Moreover, all computational methods confirm that the reaction enthalpy of methoxy group demethylation, i.e. O-C bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), is substantially lower in comparison to the enthalpy of hydrogen atom transfer from phenolic OH group. In the case of phenoxide anion of guaiacol, which can be formed in ionization supporting solvents, O-C BDE shows further significant decrease, exceeding 50 kJ mol-1, in comparison to parent molecule.HIGHLIGHTSReaction enthalpies and Gibbs free energies of individual steps of guaiacol transformation to 1,3-benzodioxole or ortho-quinone are studied in three environments.M06-2X functional and composite ab initio G4 methods provide reliable O-H and O-C bond dissociation enthalpies.Dissociation enthalpy of methoxy group O-C bond is lower by ca. 100 kJ mol-1 in comparison to phenolic O-H bond.Phenoxide anion of guaiacol shows substantially lower O-C BDE than parent molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Biela
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Kleinová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Erik Klein
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Anticancer natural products targeting immune checkpoint protein network. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1008-1032. [PMID: 34838956 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Normal cells express surface proteins that bind to immune checkpoint proteins on immune cells to turn them off, whereby the immune system does not attack normal healthy cells. Cancer cells can also utilize this same protective mechanism by expressing surface proteins that can interact with checkpoint proteins on immune cells to overcome the immune surveillance. Immunotherapy is making the best use of the body's own immune system to reinforce anti-tumor responses. The most generally used immunotherapy is the control of immune checkpoints including the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell deathreceptor 1 (PD-1), or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1). In spite of the clinical effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the overall response rate still remains low. Therefore, there have been considerable efforts in searching for alternative immune checkpoint proteins that may work as new therapeutic targets for treatment of cancer. Recent studies have identified several additional novel immune checkpoint targets, including lymphocyte activation gene-3, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3, T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domain, V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation, B7 homolog 3 protein, B and T cell lymphocyte attenuator, and inducible T cell COStimulator. Natural compounds, especially those present in medicinal or dietary plants, have been investigated for their anti-tumor effects in various in vitro and in vivo models. Some phytochemicals exert anti-tumor activities based on immunoregulatioby blocking interaction between proteins involved in immune checkpoint signal transduction or regulating their expression/activity. Recently, synergistic anti-cancer effects of diverse phytochemicals with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody drugs have been continuously reported. Considering an increasing attention to noteworthy therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the cancer therapy, this review focuses on regulatory effects of selected phytochemicals on immune checkpoint protein network and their combinational effectiveness with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting tumor cells.
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Use of oil mixture emulsion hydrogels as partial animal fat replacers in dry-fermented foal sausages. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Utilizing Nutritional and Polyphenolic Compounds in Underutilized Plant Seeds for Health Application. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206813. [PMID: 36296406 PMCID: PMC9612334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants represent a significant part of the human diet. Humans have utilized every part of plants for survival, and seeds are no exception. Seeds offer high protein, unsaturated fats, fibre, essential vitamins, and minerals for various food applications. They are also a promising reservoir of bioactive compounds, where various phytochemicals, such as polyphenolic compounds, capable of maintaining and improving well-being, are present in abundant quantities. Plants from Malvaceae and Cannabaceae families are known for their fibre-rich stems that benefit humankind by serving numerous purposes. For many centuries they have been exploited extensively for various commercial and industrial uses. Their seeds, which are often regarded as a by-product of fibre processing, have been scientifically discovered to have an essential role in combating hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, cancer, and oxidative stress. Maximizing the use of these agricultural wastes can be a promising approach to creating a more sustainable world, in accordance with the concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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Han N, Wen Y, Liu Z, Zhai J, Li S, Yin J. Advances in the roles and mechanisms of lignans against Alzheimer’s disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:960112. [PMID: 36313287 PMCID: PMC9596774 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.960112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease associated with the memory and cognitive impairment. The occurrence of AD is due to the accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain tissue as well as the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in neurons, doing harm to the human health and even leading people to death. The development of neuroprotective drugs with small side effects and good efficacy is focused by scientists all over the world. Natural drugs extracted from herbs or plants have become the preferred resources for new candidate drugs. Lignans were reported to effectively protect nerve cells and alleviate memory impairment, suggesting that they might be a prosperous class of compounds in treating AD. Objective: To explore the roles and mechanisms of lignans in the treatment of neurological diseases, providing proofs for the development of lignans as novel anti-AD drugs. Methods: Relevant literature was extracted and retrieved from the databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Elsevier, Science Direct, PubMed, SpringerLink, and Web of Science, taking lignan, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, apoptosis, nerve regeneration, nerve protection as keywords. The functions and mechanisms of lignans against AD were summerized. Results: Lignans were found to have the effects of regulating vascular disorders, anti-infection, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, antagonizing NMDA receptor, suppressing AChE activity, improving gut microbiota, so as to strengthening nerve protection. Among them, dibenzocyclooctene lignans were most widely reported and might be the most prosperous category in the develpment of anti-AD drugs. Conclusion: Lignans displayed versatile roles and mechanisms in preventing the progression of AD in in vitro and in vivo models, supplying potential candidates for the treatment of nerrodegenerative diseases.
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Cabiddu A, Carrillo S, Contini S, Spada S, Acciaro M, Giovanetti V, Decandia M, Lucini L, Bertuzzi T, Gallo A, Salis L. Dairy Sheep Grazing Management and Pasture Botanical Composition Affect Milk Macro and Micro Components: A Methodological Approach to Assess the Main Managerial Factors at Farm Level. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192675. [PMID: 36230416 PMCID: PMC9559587 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Studies on the management factors that affect milk components at the farm level are important for understanding how to transfer the results from experimental study. Plant phenological stages and partially fresh herbage intakes affect the lactose and milk fatty acid profile. The botanical composition of the grassland partially affects the milk’s phenol content. A few small relationships between plant phenols and milk colour could be of interest to explain the changes in milk colour parameters. Abstract The fatty acid profile, vitamins A and E, cholesterol, antioxidant power colour and the phenols profile of Sarda sheep milk from 11 commercial sheep flocks managed under permanent grassland were investigated. In each farm, the structural and managerial data and milk samples were collected during four periods (sampling dates, SD): January, March, May, and July. Data from the milk composition (fat, protein, casein, lactose, and somatic cell count), 68 fatty acids, 7 phenols, 1 total gallocatechin equivalent, ferric reducing antioxidant power, vitamins A and E, cholesterol, degree of antioxidant protection, and the colour (b *, a * and L *) were analyzed by multivariate factorial analysis using a principal component analysis approach. A proc mixed model for repeated measurement to point out the studied factors affecting significant macro and micro milk composition was also used. Only the first five components were detailed in this paper, with approximately 70% of the explained variance detected. PC1 presented the highest positive loadings for milk lactose, de novo FA synthesis and the BH intermediate, whereas OBCFA had negative loadings values. The PC2, LCFA, UFA, MUFA, vitamins E, and DAP showed positive loadings values, while SFA had a negative value. The PC3 showed a high positive loading for total phenols and non-flavonoids. PC4 presented a high positive loading for the milk macro-composition and negative values for n-3 FAs. The PC5 is characterized by high positive loadings for the a * and L * colour parameters whereas negative loadings were detected for the milk flavonoids content. These preliminary results could help to establish future threshold values for the biomarkers in milk sourced from grazing dairy sheep in natural, permanent pasture-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cabiddu
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Sebastian Carrillo
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 54714, Mexico
| | - Salvatore Contini
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
| | - Simona Spada
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Acciaro
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria Giovanetti
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mauro Decandia
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Terenzio Bertuzzi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (Diana), Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Gallo
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (Diana), Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Salis
- Agris Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Loc. Bonassai, Olmedo, 07040 Sassari, Italy
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The wild allotetraploid sesame genome provides novel insights into evolution and lignan biosynthesis. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00233-8. [PMID: 36265763 PMCID: PMC10403651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The wild tetraploid sesame (Sesamum schinzianum), an ancestral relative of diploid cultivated sesame, grows in the tropical desert of the African Plateau. As a valuable seed resource, wild sesame has several advantageous traits, such as strong environmental adaptability and an extremely high content of sesamolin in its seeds. High-quality genome assembly is essential for a detailed understanding of genome structure, genome evolution and crop improvement. OBJECTIVES Here, we generated two high-quality chromosome-scale genomes from S. schinzianum and a cultivated diploid elite sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to investigate the potential genetic basis underlying these traits of wild sesame. METHODS The long-read data from PacBio Sequel II platform and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data were used to construct high-quality sesame genome. Then dissecting the molecular mechanisms of sesame evolution and lignan biosynthesis through comparative genomics and transcriptomics. RESULTS We found evidence of divergent evolution that involved differences in the number, sequence and expression level of homologous genes between the two sets of subgenomes from allotetraploids in S. schinzianum, all of which might be driven by subfunctionalization after polyploidization. Furthermore, it was found that a great number of genes involved in the stress response have undergone positive selection and resulted from gene family expansion in the wild sesame genome compared with the cultivated sesame genome, which, overall, is associated with adaptative evolution to the environment. We hypothesized that the sole functional member CYP92B14 (SscC22g35272) could be associated with high content of sesamolin in wild sesame seeds. CONCLUSION This study provides high-quality wild allotetraploid sesame and cultivated sesame genomes, reveals evolutionary features of the allotetraploid genome and provides novel insights into lignan synthesis pathways. Meanwhile, the wild sesame genome will be an important resource to conduct comparative genomic and evolutionary studies and plant improvement programmes.
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Wei P, Zhao F, Wang Z, Wang Q, Chai X, Hou G, Meng Q. Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.): A Comprehensive Review of Nutritional Value, Phytochemical Composition, Health Benefits, Development of Food, and Industrial Applications. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194079. [PMID: 36235731 PMCID: PMC9573514 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), of the Pedaliaceae family, is one of the first oil crops used in humans. It is widely grown and has a mellow flavor and high nutritional value, making it very popular in the diet. Sesame seeds are rich in protein and lipids and have many health benefits. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials have found sesame seeds to be rich in lignan-like active ingredients. They have antioxidant, cholesterol reduction, blood lipid regulation, liver and kidney protection, cardiovascular system protection, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and other effects, which have great benefits to human health. In addition, the aqueous extract of sesame has been shown to be safe for animals. As an important medicinal and edible homologous food, sesame is used in various aspects of daily life such as food, feed, and cosmetics. The health food applications of sesame are increasing. This paper reviews the progress of research on the nutritional value, chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and processing uses of sesame to support the further development of more functionalities of sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qibao Wang
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (G.H.); (Q.M.)
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (G.H.); (Q.M.)
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (G.H.); (Q.M.)
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Ohira H, Oikawa D, Kurokawa Y, Aoki Y, Omura A, Kiyomoto K, Nakagawa W, Mamoto R, Fujioka Y, Nakayama T. Suppression of colonic oxidative stress caused by chronic ethanol administration and attenuation of ethanol-induced colitis and gut leakiness by oral administration of sesaminol in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:9285-9298. [PMID: 35968694 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04120g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic consumption of excess ethanol is one of the major risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC), and the pathogenesis of ethanol-related CRC (ER-CRC) involves ethanol-induced oxidative-stress and inflammation in the colon and rectum, as well as gut leakiness. In this study, we hypothesised that oral administration of sesaminol, a sesame lignan, lowers the risk of ER-CRC because we found that it is a strong antioxidant with very low prooxidant activity. This hypothesis was examined using a mouse model, in which 2.0% v/v ethanol was administered ad libitum for 2 weeks with or without oral gavage with sesaminol (2.5 mg per day). Oral sesaminol administration suppressed the ethanol-induced colonic lesions and the ethanol-induced elevation of the colonic levels of oxidative stress markers (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde, and 4-hydroxyalkenals). It consistently suppressed the chronic ethanol-induced expressions of cytochrome P450-2E1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase and upregulated heme oxygenase-1 expression, probably via the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 pathway in the mouse colon. Oral sesaminol administration also suppressed the chronic ethanol-induced elevation of colonic inflammation marker levels, such as those of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, probably via the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Moreover, it prevented the chronic ethanol-induced gut leakiness by restoring tight junction proteins, giving rise to lower plasma endotoxin levels compared with those of ethanol-administered mice. All of these results suggest that dietary supplementation of sesaminol may lower the risk of ER-CRC by suppressing each of the above-mentioned steps in ER-CRC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Ohira
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Daiki Oikawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kurokawa
- Faculty of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan
| | - Yuichi Aoki
- Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Seiryo 2-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8573, Japan
| | - Ayano Omura
- Kiyomoto Co., Ltd., 6-1633 Totoro-cho, Nobeoka, Miyazaki 889-0595, Japan
| | - Kunio Kiyomoto
- Kiyomoto Co., Ltd., 6-1633 Totoro-cho, Nobeoka, Miyazaki 889-0595, Japan
| | - Wao Nakagawa
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Rie Mamoto
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Toru Nakayama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Characterization of Peroxidase and Laccase Gene Families and In Silico Identification of Potential Genes Involved in Upstream Steps of Lignan Formation in Sesame. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081200. [PMID: 36013379 PMCID: PMC9410177 DOI: 10.3390/life12081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidases and laccases are oxidative enzymes involved in physiological processes in plants, covering responses to biotic and abiotic stress as well as biosynthesis of health-promoting specialized metabolites. Although they are thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of (+)-pinoresinol, a comprehensive investigation of this class of enzymes has not yet been conducted in the emerging oil crop sesame and no information is available regarding the potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes in this crop. In the present study, we conducted a pan-genome-wide identification of peroxidase and laccase genes coupled with transcriptome profiling of diverse sesame varieties. A total of 83 and 48 genes have been identified as coding for sesame peroxidase and laccase genes, respectively. Based on their protein domain and Arabidopsis thaliana genes used as baits, the genes were classified into nine and seven groups of peroxidase and laccase genes, respectively. The expression of the genes was evaluated using dynamic transcriptome sequencing data from six sesame varieties, including one elite cultivar, white vs black seed varieties, and high vs low oil content varieties. Two peroxidase genes (SiPOD52 and SiPOD63) and two laccase genes (SiLAC1 and SiLAC39), well conserved within the sesame pan-genome and exhibiting consistent expression patterns within sesame varieties matching the kinetic of (+)-pinoresinol accumulation in seeds, were identified as potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes. Cis-acting elements of the candidate genes revealed their potential involvement in development, hormonal signaling, and response to light and other abiotic triggers. Transcription factor enrichment analysis of promoter regions showed the predominance of MYB binding sequences. The findings from this study pave the way for lignans-oriented engineering of sesame with wide potential applications in food, health and medicinal domains.
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Li Y, Wang R, Pei Y, Yu W, Wu W, Li D, Hu Z. Phylogeny and functional characterization of the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene family in Phryma leptostachya. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:407-416. [PMID: 35841957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Phryma leptostachya has attracted increasing attention because it is rich in furofuran lignans with a wide range of biological activities. Biosynthesis of furofuran lignans begins with the dimerization of coniferyl alcohol, one of the monolignol. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) catalyzes the final step of monolignol biosynthesis, reducing cinnamyl aldehydes to cinnamyl alcohol. As it is in the terminal position of monolignol biosynthesis, its type and activity can cause significant changes in the total amount and composition of lignans. Herein, combined with bioinformatics analysis and in vitro enzyme assays, we clarified that CAD in P. leptostachya belonged to a multigene family, and identified nearly the entire CAD gene family. Our in-depth characterization about the functions and structures of two major CAD isoforms, PlCAD2 and PlCAD3, showed that PlCAD2 exhibited the highest catalytic activity, and coniferyl aldehyde was its preferred substrate, followed by PlCAD3, and sinapyl aldehyde was its preferred substrate. Considering the accumulation patterns of furofuran lignans and expression patterns of PlCADs, we speculated that PlCAD2 was the predominant CAD isoform responsible for furofuran lignans biosynthesis in P. leptostachya. Moreover, these CADs found here can also provide effective biological parts for lignans and lignins biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Li
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yakun Pei
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ding Li
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhaonong Hu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R & D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Adeyanju MM, Saheed IA, Oyelekan OI, Dele-Osibanjo TA, Adelegan AA, Raimi AJ, Olalekan SO, Alabi OS, Alli KM. Sesamum indicum diet prevents hyperlipidemia in experimental rats. FOOD CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 4:100092. [PMID: 35415692 PMCID: PMC8991713 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sesamum indicum administration reverses the dyslipidemia in hyperlipidemic rats. Hypolipidemic potency of Sesamum indicum is due to inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity. Our findings lend credence to the use of Sesamum indicum as a therapeutic remedy in traditional medicine for hyperlipidemia and associated morbidities.
Cardiovascular diseases and metabolic complications caused by hyperlipidemia are the leading cause of death globally. In this study, the hypolipidemic potency of Sesamum indicum (SI) seeds was investigated. Of the thirty-five (35) male rats used in the study, five (5) were randomly selected for baseline measurements and thirty (30) were fed high fat diet (HFD) for four (4) weeks before random assignment into three (3) groups. The experimental group was treated with 50% SI seed, the positive control group was given a hypolipidemic drug, atorvastatin (5 mg/kg/day) while the untreated group served as the negative control. With SI administration, the dyslipidemia induced by the HFD consumption in the plasma and the investigated body organs was reversed to a comparable degree with that of atorvastatin treatment. Taken together, this study demonstrates the hypolipidemic potency of SI in ameliorating hyperlipidemia and its associated complications, facilitated by the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity.
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Gupta M, Chandan K, Sarwat M. Natural Products and their Derivatives as Immune Check Point Inhibitors: Targeting Cytokine/Chemokine Signalling in Cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:214-232. [PMID: 35772610 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is the new generation and widely accepted form of tumour treatment. It is, however, associated with exclusive challenges which include organ-specific inflammation, and single-target strategies. Therefore, approaches that can enhance the efficiency of existing immunotherapies and expand their indications are required for the further development of immunotherapy. Natural products and medicines are stated to have this desired effect on cancer immunotherapy (adoptive immune-cells therapy, cancer vaccines, and immune-check point inhibitors). They refurbish the immunosuppressed tumour microenvironment, which is the primary location of interaction of tumour cells with the host immune system. Various immune cell subsets, via interaction with cytokine/chemokine receptors, are recruited into this microenvironment, and these subsets have roles in tumour progression and treatment responsiveness. This review summarises cytokine/chemokine signalling, types of cancer immunotherapy and the herbal medicine-derived natural products targeting cytokine/chemokines and immune checkpoints. These natural compounds possess immunomodulatory activities and exert their anti-tumour effect by either blocking the interaction or modulating the expression of the proteins linked with immune checkpoint signaling pathways. Some compounds also show a synergistic effect in combination with existing monoclonal antibody drugs to reverse the tumour microenvironment. Additionally, we have also reported some studies about the derivatives and formulations used to overcome the limitations of natural forms. This review can provide important insights for directing future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Gupta
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumari Chandan
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Yamada J, Maeda S, Soya M, Nishida H, Iinuma KM, Jinno S. Alleviation of cognitive deficits via upregulation of chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis by lignan sesamin in a mouse model of neuroinflammation. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 108:109093. [PMID: 35724814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lignans are plant-derived compounds that act as partial estrogen agonists. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) represent one of the major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we aimed to understand the role of sesamin (SES), a major lignan compound, in the biosynthesis and degradation of CSPGs in the mouse hippocampus because CSPGs play a key role in the regulation of cognitive functions through the promotion of adult neurogenesis. The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β was decreased by SES administration in the hippocampus of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, a model of neuroinflammation-induced cognitive deficits. The expression of genes related to biosynthesis and degradation of CSPGs in the hippocampus of LPS-treated mice was both increased and decreased by SES administration. Further, the diffuse ECM labeling of CSPGs by Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) in the hippocampus of LPS-treated mice was increased by SES administration. The densities of neural stem cells, late transit-amplifying cells, and newborn-granule cells in the hippocampus of LPS-treated mice were also increased by SES administration. Moreover, SES-induced alterations in gene expression, WFA labeling, and adult neurogenesis in LPS-treated mice were more evident in the dorsal hippocampus (center of cognition) than in the ventral hippocampus (center of emotion). Neither LPS nor SES administration affected locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and depression-related behavior. However, impairments in contextual memory and sensorimotor gating in LPS-treated mice were recovered by SES administration. Our results show that SES can promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis through the upregulation of CSPGs, which may alleviate cognitive deficits induced by neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yamada
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Maeda
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mariko Soya
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Nishida
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyoko M Iinuma
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shozo Jinno
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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