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Shawky AM, Almalki FA, Abdalla AN, Youssif BGM, Abdel-Fattah MM, Hersi F, El-Sherief HAM, Ibrahim NA, Gouda AM. Discovery and optimization of 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one-based derivatives as potent and selective cytotoxic agents with anti-inflammatory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115712. [PMID: 37567059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have indicated the potential therapeutic outcomes of combining selective COX-2 inhibitors with tubulin-targeting anticancer agents. In the current study, a novel series of thiazolidin-4-one-based derivatives (7a-q) was designed by merging the pharmacophoric features of some COXs inhibitors and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Compounds 7a-q were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against MCF7, HT29, and A2780 cancer cell lines (IC50 = 0.02-17.02 μM). The cytotoxicity of 7a-q was also assessed against normal MRC5 cells (IC50 = 0.47-13.46 μM). Compounds 7c, 7i, and 7j, the most active in the MTT assay, significantly reduced the number of HT29 colonies compared to the control. Compounds 7c, 7i, and 7j also induced significant decreases in the tumor volumes and masses in Ehrlich solid carcinoma-bearing mice compared to the control. The three compounds also exhibited significant anti-HT29 migration activity in the wound-healing assay. They have also induced cell cycle arrest in HT29 cells at the S and G2/M phases. In addition, they induced significant increases in both early and late apoptotic events in HT29 cells compared to the control, where 7j showed the highest effect. On the other hand, compound 7j (1 μM) displayed weak inhibitory activity against tubulin polymerization compared to colchicine (3 μM). On the other hand, compounds 7a-q inhibited the activity of COX-2 (IC50 = 0.42-29.11 μM) compared to celecoxib (IC50 = 0.86 μM). In addition, 7c, 7i, and 7j showed moderate inhibition of inflammation in rats compared to indomethacin, with better GIT safety profiles. Molecular docking analysis revealed that 7c, 7i, and 7j have higher binding free energies towards COX-2 than COX-1. These above results suggested that 7j could serve as a potential anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, 2404, Sudan
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Maha M Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Fatima Hersi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A M El-Sherief
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nashwa A Ibrahim
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Gouda
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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Ma SB, Liu L, Li X, Xie YH, Shi XP, Wang SW. Virtual screening-molecular docking-activity evaluation of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) swingle bark in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:197. [PMID: 37322476 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dried bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. The objective of this study was to explore the therapeutic basis of the dried bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle for the treatment of ulcerative colitis based on Virtual Screening-Molecular Docking-Activity Evaluation technology. METHODS By searching the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology TCMSP Database and Analysis Platform, 89 compounds were obtained from the chemical components of the dried bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle. Then, after preliminarily screening the compounds based on Lipinski's rule of five and other relevant conditions, the AutoDock Vina molecular docking software was used to evaluate the affinity of the compounds to ulcerative colitis-related target proteins and their binding modes through use of the scoring function to identify the best candidate compounds. Further verification of the compound's properties was achieved through in vitro experiments. RESULTS Twenty-two compounds obtained from the secondary screening were molecularly docked with ulcerative colitis-related target proteins (IL-1R, TLR, EGFR, TGFR, and Wnt) using AutoDock Vina. The free energies of the highest scoring compounds binding to the active cavity of human IL-1R, TLR, EGFR, TGFR, and Wnt proteins were - 8.7, - 8.0, - 9.2, - 7.7, and - 8.5 kcal/mol, respectively. The potential compounds, dehydrocrebanine, ailanthone, and kaempferol, were obtained through scoring function and docking mode analysis. Furthermore, the potential compound ailanthone (1, 3, and 10 µM) was found to have no significant effect on cell proliferation, though at 10 µM it reduced the level of pro-inflammatory factors caused by lipopolysaccharide. CONCLUSION Among the active components of the dried bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, ailanthone plays a major role in its anti-inflammatory properties. The present study shows that ailanthone has advantages in cell proliferation and in inhibiting of inflammation, but further animal research is needed to confirm its pharmaceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Bo Ma
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lun Liu
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Hua Xie
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Si-Wang Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
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Gomaa HA, Shaker ME, Alzarea SI, Hendawy O, Mohamed FA, Gouda AM, Ali AT, Morcoss MM, Abdelrahman MH, Trembleau L, Youssif BG. Optimization and SAR investigation of novel 2,3-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole-1,4-dione derivatives as EGFR and BRAFV600E dual inhibitors with potent antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Synthesis, Anticancer Assessment, and Molecular Docking of Novel Chalcone-Thienopyrimidine Derivatives in HepG2 and MCF-7 Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4759821. [PMID: 35003514 PMCID: PMC8728392 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles containing thienopyrimidine moieties have attracted attention due to their interesting biological and pharmacological activities. In this research article, we reported the synthesis of a series of new hybrid molecules through merging the structural features of chalcones and pyridothienopyrimidinones. Our results indicated that the synthesis of chalcone-thienopyrimidine derivatives from the corresponding thienopyrimidine and chalcones proceeded in a relatively short reaction time with good yields and high purity. Most of these novel compounds exhibited moderate to robust cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells similar to that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicated that IC50 of the two compounds (3b and 3g) showed more potent anticancer activities against HepG2 and MCF-7 than 5-FU. An MTT assay and flow cytometry showed that only 3b and 3g had anticancer activity and antiproliferative activities at the G1 phase against MCF-7 cells, while six compounds (3a-e and 3g) had cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest at different phases against HepG2 cells. Their cytotoxicity was achieved through downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Although all tested compounds increased oxidative stress via increment of MDA levels and decrement of glutathione reductase (GR) activities compared to control, the 3a, 3b, and 3g in HepG2 and 3b and 3g in MCF-7 achieved the target results. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between cytotoxic efficacy of the compound and apoptosis in both HepG2 (R 2 = 0.531; P = 0.001) and MCF-7 (R 2 = 0.219; P = 0.349) cell lines. The results of molecular docking analysis of 3a-g into the binding groove of Bcl-2 revealed relatively moderate binding free energies compared to the selective Bcl-2 inhibitor, DRO. Like venetoclax, compounds 3a-g showed 2 violations from Lipinski's rule. However, the results of the ADME study also revealed higher drug-likeness scores for compounds 3a-g than for venetoclax. In conclusion, the tested newly synthesized chalcone-pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives showed promising antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. Mechanistically, the compounds increased ROS production with concomitant cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis are possible targets for anticancer therapy. The tested compounds could be potent anticancer agents to be tested in future clinical trials after extensive pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profile investigations.
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Abourehab MAS, Alqahtani AM, Almalki FA, Zaher DM, Abdalla AN, Gouda AM, Beshr EAM. Pyrrolizine/Indolizine-NSAID Hybrids: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:6582. [PMID: 34770990 PMCID: PMC8588198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, eight new hybrids of the NSAIDs, ibuprofen and ketoprofen with five pyrrolizine/indolizine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The chemical structures of these hybrids were confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. The antiproliferative activities of these hybrids (5 μM) was investigated against MCF-7, A549, and HT-29 cancer cell lines using the cell viability assay, MTT assay. The results revealed 4-71% inhibition of the growth of the three cancer cell lines, where 8a,e,f were the most active. In addition, an investigation of the antiproliferative activity of 8a,e,f against MCF-7 cells revealed IC50 values of 7.61, 1.07, and 3.16 μM, respectively. Cell cycle analysis of MCF-7 cells treated with the three hybrids at 5 μM revealed a pro-apoptotic increase in cells at preG1 and cell cycle arrest at the G1 and S phases. In addition, the three hybrids induced early apoptotic events in MCF-7 cells. The results of the molecular docking of the three hybrids into COX-1/2 revealed higher binding free energies than their parent compounds 5a,c and the co-crystallized ligands, ibuprofen and SC-558. The results also indicated higher binding free energies toward COX-2 over COX-1. Moreover, analysis of the binding modes of 8a,e,f into COX-2 revealed partial superposition with the co-crystallized ligand, SC-558 with the formation of essential hydrogen bonds, electrostatic, or hydrophobic interactions with the key amino acid His90 and Arg513. The new hybrids also showed drug-likeness scores in the range of 1.06-2.03 compared to ibuprofen (0.65) and ketoprofen (0.57). These results above indicated that compounds 8a,e,f deserve additional investigation as potential anticancer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa M. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (F.A.A.)
| | - Faisal A. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (F.A.A.)
| | - Dana M. Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ashraf N. Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum 2404, Sudan
| | - Ahmed M. Gouda
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Eman A. M. Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
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Almalki FA, Shawky AM, Abdalla AN, Gouda AM. Icotinib, Almonertinib, and Olmutinib: A 2D Similarity/Docking-Based Study to Predict the Potential Binding Modes and Interactions into EGFR. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216423. [PMID: 34770832 PMCID: PMC8588130 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, a 2D similarity/docking-based study was used to predict the potential binding modes of icotinib, almonertinib, and olmutinib into EGFR. The similarity search of icotinib, almonertinib, and olmutinib against a database of 154 EGFR ligands revealed the highest similarity scores with erlotinib (0.9333), osimertinib (0.9487), and WZ4003 (0.8421), respectively. In addition, the results of the docking study of the three drugs into EGFR revealed high binding free energies (ΔGb = −6.32 to −8.42 kcal/mol) compared to the co-crystallized ligands (ΔGb = −7.03 to −8.07 kcal/mol). Analysis of the top-scoring poses of the three drugs was done to identify their potential binding modes. The distances between Cys797 in EGFR and the Michael acceptor sites in almonertinib and olmutinib were determined. In conclusion, the results could provide insights into the potential binding characteristics of the three drugs into EGFR which could help in the design of new more potent analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Central Laboratory for Micro-analysis, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf N. Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum 2404, Sudan
| | - Ahmed M. Gouda
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-1126897483; Fax: +20-822162133
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