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Wang Y, Li J, Chen Y, Yu Z, Liu P, Li G, Yang Q. Genome-wide identification of TCP transcription factors and their potential roles in hydrolyzable tannin production in Quercus variabilis cupule. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1444081. [PMID: 39166255 PMCID: PMC11333348 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1444081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Hydrolyzable tannins (HTs) have garnered significant attention due to their proven beneficial effects in the clinical treatment of various diseases. The cupule of Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Blume) has been used as raw material of traditional medicine for centuries for its high content of HTs. Previous studies have identified UGT84A13 as a key enzyme in the HT biosynthesis pathway in Q. variabilis, but the transcriptional regulation network of UGT84A13 remains obscure. Here, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide identification of the TCP transcription factors in Q. variabilis, elucidating their molecular evolution and gene structure. Gene expression analysis showed that TCP3 from the CIN subfamily and TCP6 from the PCF subfamily were co-expressed with UGT84A13 in cupule. Further functional characterization using dual-luciferase assays confirmed that TCP3, rather than TCP6, played a role in the transcriptional regulation of UGT84A13, thus promoting HT biosynthesis in the cupule of Q. variabilis. Our work identified TCP family members in Q. variabilis for the first time, and provided novel insights into the transcriptional regulatory network of UGT84A13 and HT biosynthesis in Q. variabilis, explaining the reason why the cupule enriches HTs that could be used for traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaochen Wang
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaowei Yu
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Puyuan Liu
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Guolei Li
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinsong Yang
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Deciduous Oak Improvement and Regeneration Innovation Team of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Ye Q, Wang H, Lin Z, Xie Q, Wang W, Chen Q. Identification of MYB Transcription Factor, a Regulator Related to Hydrolysable Tannin Synthesis in Canarium album L., and Functional Analysis of CaMYBR04. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1837. [PMID: 38999677 PMCID: PMC11244293 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Hydrolysed tannins (HTs) are polyphenols, which are related to the astringency, flavour, colour, stability, medicinal value and other characteristics of many fruits and vegetables. The biosynthetic mechanism of the majority of HTs remains unknown, and many biosynthetic pathways of HTs are speculative conclusions that have not been confirmed. The fruit of Canarium album L. (Chinese olive), which is notable for its pharmacological and edible properties, is rich in HTs. The fruit has a distinctive bitter and astringent taste when initially consumed, which mellows to a sweet sensation upon chewing. HTs serve as the primary material basis for the formation of the Chinese olive fruit's astringent quality and pharmacological effects. In this study, the fruit of C. album Changying was utilised as the research material. The objective of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of Chinese olive fruit and the application and development of its medicinal value. In addition, the study aimed to identify and screen related MYB transcription factors involved in the synthesis of HTs in the fruit and to clarify the mechanism of MYBs in the process of synthesis and regulation of HTs in Chinese olive fruit. The principal findings were as follows. A total of 83 differentially expressed Chinese olive MYB transcription factors (CaMYBs) were identified, including 54 1R-MYBs (MYB-related), 25 2R-MYBs (R2R3-MYBs), 3 3R-MYBs, and 1 4R-MYB. Through trend analysis and correlation analysis, it was found that CaMYBR04 (Isoform0032534) exhibited a significantly higher expression (FPKM) than the other CaMYBs. The full-length cDNA sequence of CaMYBR04 was cloned and transformed into strawberry. The results demonstrated that CaMYBR04 significantly enhanced the fruit's hydrolysable tannin content. Consequently, this study elucidated the function of CaMYBR04, a regulator of the Chinese olive fruit hydrolysable tannin synthesis pathway, and established a theoretical foundation for the synthesis and regulation of fruit HTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Ye
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350303, China; (Q.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huiquan Wang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350303, China; (Q.Y.)
| | - Zhehui Lin
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350303, China; (Q.Y.)
| | - Qian Xie
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingxi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Li T, Borg AJE, Krammer L, Weber H, Breinbauer R, Nidetzky B. Discovery, characterization, and comparative analysis of new UGT72 and UGT84 family glycosyltransferases. Commun Chem 2024; 7:147. [PMID: 38942997 PMCID: PMC11213884 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylated derivatives of natural product polyphenols display a spectrum of biological activities, rendering them critical for both nutritional and pharmacological applications. Their enzymatic synthesis by glycosyltransferases is frequently constrained by the limited repertoire of characterized enzyme-catalyzed transformations. Here, we explore the glycosylation capabilities and substrate preferences of newly identified plant uridine diphosphate (UDP)-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) within the UGT72 and UGT84 families, with particular focus on natural polyphenol glycosylation from UDP-glucose. Four UGTs are classified according to their phylogenetic relationships and reaction products, identifying them as biocatalysts for either glucoside (UGT72 enzymes) or glucose ester (UGT84 members) formation from selected phenylpropanoid compounds. Detailed kinetic evaluations expose the unique attributes of these enzymes, including their specific activities and regio-selectivities towards diverse polyphenolic substrates, with product characterizations validating the capacity of UGT84 family members to perform di-O-glycosylation on flavones. Sequence analysis coupled with structural predictions through AlphaFold reveal an unexpected absence of a conserved threonine residue across all four enzymes, a trait previously linked to pentosyltransferases. This comparative analysis broadens the understood substrate specificity range for UGT72 and UGT84 enzymes, enhancing our understanding of their utility in the production of natural phenolic glycosides. The findings from this in-depth characterization provide valuable insights into the functional versatility of UGT-mediated reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12/1, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Annika J E Borg
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12/1, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Leo Krammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12/1, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Krenngasse 37, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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Ni BB, Liu H, Wang ZS, Zhang GY, Sang ZY, Liu JJ, He CY, Zhang JG. A chromosome-scale genome of Rhus chinensis Mill. provides new insights into plant-insect interaction and gallotannins biosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:766-786. [PMID: 38271098 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Rhus chinensis Mill., an economically valuable Anacardiaceae species, is parasitized by the galling aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis, resulting in the formation of the Chinese gallnut (CG). Here, we report a chromosomal-level genome assembly of R. chinensis, with a total size of 389.40 Mb and scaffold N50 of 23.02 Mb. Comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis revealed that the enhanced structure of CG and nutritional metabolism contribute to improving the adaptability of R. chinensis to S. chinensis by supporting CG and galling aphid growth. CG was observed to be abundant in hydrolysable tannins (HT), particularly gallotannin and its isomers. Tandem repeat clusters of dehydroquinate dehydratase/shikimate dehydrogenase (DQD/SDH) and serine carboxypeptidase-like (SCPL) and their homologs involved in HT production were determined as specific to HT-rich species. The functional differentiation of DQD/SDH tandem duplicate genes and the significant contraction in the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene family contributed to the accumulation of gallic acid and HT while minimizing the production of shikimic acid, flavonoids, and condensed tannins in CG. Furthermore, we identified one UDP glucosyltransferase (UGT84A), three carboxylesterase (CXE), and six SCPL genes from conserved tandem repeat clusters that are involved in gallotannin biosynthesis and hydrolysis in CG. We then constructed a regulatory network of these genes based on co-expression and transcription factor motif analysis. Our findings provide a genomic resource for the exploration of the underlying mechanisms of plant-galling insect interaction and highlight the importance of the functional divergence of tandem duplicate genes in the accumulation of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhao-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Guo-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zi-Yang Sang
- Forest Enterprise of Wufeng County in Hubei Province, Wufeng, 443400, Hubei, China
| | - Juan-Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Cai-Yun He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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Wang Y, Xun H, Wang L, Aktar S, Lei Y, Zhang R, Wang L, Wei K. Identification of Key Genes Associated with 1,2,6-Tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose Accumulation in Camellia sinensis Based on Transcriptome Sequencing. Foods 2024; 13:495. [PMID: 38338630 PMCID: PMC10855904 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrolyzed tannin 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (1,2,6-TGGP) possesses significant medicinal properties. However, little is known about its underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, the levels of 1,2,6-TGGP in tea materials from different cultivars and leaf positions were compared. Additionally, one leaf and one bud sample from six tea cultivars with significant variations in 1,2,6-TGGP levels were analyzed using transcriptome high-throughput sequencing to identify the genes that are responsible for 1,2,6-TGGP accumulation. The sequencing results were mapped to the reference tea genome, revealing a total of 2735 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). This set included four UDP glycosyltransferase (UGTs) and six serine carboxypeptidases-like (SCPLs) genes. Among them, the upregulated SCPLs (CSS0032817) may directly participate in the acylation reaction of 1,2,6-TGGP. In addition, several classes of DEGs, including cytochrome P450, were significantly associated with the 1,2,6-TGGP content, which is potentially involved in their regulation. Overall, these results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of 1,2,6-TGGP accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (Y.W.); (H.X.); (L.W.); (S.A.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (L.W.)
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Wu Y, Yang Y, Du L, Zhuang Y, Liu T. Identification of a highly promiscuous glucosyltransferase from Penstemon barbatus for natural product glycodiversification. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4445-4454. [PMID: 37190792 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00370a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation reactions mediated by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are common post-modifications involved in plant secondary metabolism and significantly improve the solubility and bioactivity of aglycones. Penstemon barbatus is rich in phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), such as echinacoside and verbascoside. In this study, a promiscuous glycosyltransferase UGT84A95 was identified from P. barbatus. In vitro enzyme assays showed that UGT84A95 catalyzed the glucosylation of the phenol hydroxyl group of PhGs efficiently as well as other structurally diverse phenolic glycosides, including flavonoids, terpenoids, stilbene glycosides, coumarins, and simple polyphenols. By using UGT84A95, 12 glycosylated products were prepared and structurally identified by NMR spectroscopy, among which 7 are new compounds. These findings suggest that UGT84A95 could be a potential biocatalyst to synthesize multi-glycosylated glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yihan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Liping Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yibin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
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Chilling injury tolerance induced by quarantine hot water treatment in mango fruit is associated with an increase in the synthesis of gallotannins in the pulp. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Laguna BDCC, Flores Gallegos AC, Ascacio Valdés JA, Iliná A, Galindo AS, Castañeda Facio AO, Esparza González SC, Herrera RR. Physicochemical and functional properties of the undervalued fruits of cactus Cylindropuntia imbricate (“xoconostle”) and antioxidant potential. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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