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Altunayar-Unsalan C, Unsalan O. Molecular Structure, Antioxidant Potential, and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Plant Flavonoid Blumeatin and Investigating Its Inhibition Mechanism on Xanthine Oxidase for Hyperuricemia by Molecular Modeling. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13284-13297. [PMID: 38524493 PMCID: PMC10956095 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia, which usually results in metabolic syndrome symptoms, is increasing rapidly all over the world and becoming a global public health issue. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is regarded as a key drug target for the treatment of this disease. Therefore, finding natural, nontoxic, and highly active XO inhibitors is quite important. To get insights into inhibitory potential toward XO and determine antioxidant action mechanism depending on the molecular structure, plant flavonoid blumeatin was investigated for the first time by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT), ADME/Tox (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) analysis, and molecular docking study. Theoretical findings indicated that blumeatin has high radical scavenging activity due to its noncoplanarity and over twisted torsion angle (-94.64°) with respect to its flavanone skeleton could explain that there might be a correlation between antioxidant activity and planarity of blumeatin. Based on the ADME/Tox analysis, it is determined that blumeatin has a high absorption profile in the human intestine (81.93%), and this plant flavonoid is not carcinogenic or mutagenic. A molecular docking study showed that Thr1010, Val1011, Phe914, and Ala1078 are the main amino acid residues participating in XO's interaction with blumeatin via hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cisem Altunayar-Unsalan
- Graduate
School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
- Central
Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application
Center, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozan Unsalan
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Chaudhury S, Kaur P, Gupta D, Anand P, Chaudhary M, Tiwari S, Mittal A, Gupta J, Kaur S, Singh VD, Dhawan D, Singh P, Sahu SK. Therapeutic Management with Repurposing Approaches: A Mystery During COVID-19 Outbreak. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:712-733. [PMID: 37312440 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230613141746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous pandemic that emerged due to COVID-19 affected the whole planet. People all over the globe became vulnerable to the unpredictable emergence of coronavirus. The sudden emergence of respiratory disease in coronavirus infected several patients. This affected human life drastically, from mild symptoms to severe illness, leading to mortality. COVID-19 is an exceptionally communicable disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. According to a genomic study, the viral spike RBD interactions with the host ACE2 protein from several coronavirus strains and the interaction between RBD and ACE2 highlighted the potential change in affinity from the virus causing the COVID-19 outbreak to a progenitor type of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2, which could be the principal reservoir, is phylogenetically related to the SARS-like bat virus. Other research works reported that intermediary hosts for the transmission of viruses to humans could include cats, bats, snakes, pigs, ferrets, orangutans, and monkeys. Even with the arrival of vaccines and individuals getting vaccinated and treated with FDAapproved repurposed drugs like Remdesivir, the first and foremost steps aimed towards the possible control and minimization of community transmission of the virus include social distancing, self-realization, and self-health care. In this review paper, we discussed and summarized various approaches and methodologies adopted and proposed by researchers all over the globe to help with the management of this zoonotic outbreak by following repurposed approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Chaudhury
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Deepali Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Palak Anand
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Chaudhary
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Siddhita Tiwari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Amloh Road, Mandi Gobindgarh, 147301, Punjab, India
| | - Jeena Gupta
- School of Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur
- Department of Opthalmology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, 144001, Punjab, India
| | - Varsh Deep Singh
- American University of Barbados, Wildey, St. Michael, BB11100, Barbados
| | - Dakshita Dhawan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Princejyot Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
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Zhang Y, Li W, Hu Y, Ding T, Zafar MM, Jia X, Zhang L, Ren M, Li F, Wang W. Cotton flower metabolites inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1886-1895. [PMID: 36054247 PMCID: PMC9527594 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading globally for over 2 years, causing serious contagious disease and incalculable damage. The introduction of vaccines has slowed the spread of SARS-CoV-2 to some extent, but there remains a need for specific and effective treatment. The high chemical diversity and safety profiles of natural products make them a potential source of effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Cotton plant is one of the most important economic and medical crops and is the source of a large number of antiviral phytochemicals. In this work, we used SARS-CoV-2 main protein (Mpro ) as the target to identify potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 natural products in cotton. An in vitro assay showed that of all cotton tissues examined, cotton flower extracts (CFs) exhibited optimal inhibitory effects against Mpro . We proceeded to use the CF metabolite database to screen natural Mpro inhibitors by combining virtual screening and biochemical assays. We identified that several CF natural products, including astragalin, myricitrin, and astilbin, significantly inhibited Mpro with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of 0.13, 10.73, and 7.92 μm, respectively. These findings may serve as a basis for further studies into the suitability of cotton as a source of potential therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Wenkang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina,Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangChina
| | - Yiming Hu
- Zhengzhou Technology and Business UniversityChina
| | - Tianze Ding
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Muhammad Mubashar Zafar
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Xue Jia
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Liya Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina,Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangChina,Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina,Laboratory of Space Biology, Institute of Urban AgricultureChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina,Sanya Institute of Zhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina,Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangChina,Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina,Sanya Institute of Zhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityChina,Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangChina,Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina,Sanya Institute of Zhengzhou UniversityChina
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Sur VP, Simonik O, Novotna M, Mazumdar A, Liska F, Vimberg V, Komrskova K. Dynamic study of small toxic hydrophobic proteins PepA1 and PepG1 of Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1360-1371. [PMID: 35932805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic elements which encode toxin proteins that interfere with vital cellular functions. PepA1 and PepG1 toxin proteins, known also as SprA1 and SprG1, are type I TA. In Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), their expression without the antitoxin counterparts (SprA1AS and SprF1), is lethal to the pathogen. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation was performed for PepA1 and PepG1 to understand their dynamic state, conformational changes, and their toxicity. The protein structures were constructed and used for MD simulation and the conformational changes, stability, flexibility, fluctuations, hydrophobicity, and role of their dynamic state on function prediction were studied extensively by GROMACS MD simulation analysis tools. In silico study indicated that the PepA1 and PepG1 proteins change their structural conformation from an open to closed state where PepA1 conformational changes were faster (10 ns) than PepG1 (20 ns) while PepG1 exerted more stability and flexibility than PepA1. According to SASA values, PepG1 is more hydrophobic than the PepA1 and forms fewer hydrogen bonds than PepA1. The in vivo study with PepA1 and PepG1 proteins provided evidence that both the conformation changes between the open and closed states and the amino acid sequence are crucial for peptide toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishma Pratap Sur
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Simonik
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Novotna
- Laboratory for Biology of Secondary Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aninda Mazumdar
- Laboratory for Biology of Secondary Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Liska
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Vimberg
- Laboratory for Biology of Secondary Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Komrskova
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Simonik O, Bubenickova F, Tumova L, Frolikova M, Sur VP, Beran J, Havlikova K, Hackerova L, Spevakova D, Komrskova K, Postlerova P. Boar Sperm Cryopreservation Improvement Using Semen Extender Modification by Dextran and Pentaisomaltose. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:868. [PMID: 35405857 PMCID: PMC8997129 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term storage of boar sperm presents an ongoing challenge, and the modification of the cryoprotective compounds in semen extenders is crucial for improving cryopreservation's success rate. The aim of our study was to reduce the percentage of glycerol in the extender by elimination or substitution with biocompatible, non-toxic polysaccharides. For boar semen extender improvement, we tested a novel modification with the polysaccharides dextran and pentaisomaltose in combination with unique in silico predictive modeling. We targeted the analysis of in vitro qualitative sperm parameters such as motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, and DNA integrity. Non-penetrating polysaccharide-based cryoprotective agents interact with sperm surface proteins such as spermadhesins, which are recognized as fertility markers of boar sperm quality. The in silico docking study showed a moderate binding affinity of dextran and pentaisomaltose toward one specific spermadhesin known as AWN, which is located in the sperm plasma membrane. Pentaisomaltose formed a hydrophobic pocket for the AWN protein, and the higher energy of this protein-ligand complex compared with dextran was calculated. In addition, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) analysis for the molecular dynamics (MD) of both polysaccharides and AWN simulation suggests their interaction was highly stable. The in silico results were supported by in vitro experiments. In the experimental groups where glycerol was partially or entirely substituted, the use of pentaisomaltose resulted in improved sperm mitochondrial activity and DNA integrity after thawing when compared with dextran. In this paper, we demonstrate that pentaisomaltose, previously used for cryopreservation in hematopoietic stem cells, represents a promising compound for the elimination or reduction of glycerol in extenders for boar semen cryopreservation. This novel approach, using in silico computer prediction and in vitro testing, represents a promising technique to help identify new cryoprotectants for use in animal breeding or genetic resource programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Simonik
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; (O.S.); (M.F.); (V.P.S.); (D.S.); (K.K.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
| | - Filipa Bubenickova
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
| | - Lucie Tumova
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
| | - Michaela Frolikova
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; (O.S.); (M.F.); (V.P.S.); (D.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Vishma Pratap Sur
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; (O.S.); (M.F.); (V.P.S.); (D.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Jan Beran
- Department of Zootechnical Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Studentska 1668, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Katerina Havlikova
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
| | - Lenka Hackerova
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
| | - Daniela Spevakova
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; (O.S.); (M.F.); (V.P.S.); (D.S.); (K.K.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
| | - Katerina Komrskova
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; (O.S.); (M.F.); (V.P.S.); (D.S.); (K.K.)
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Postlerova
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic; (O.S.); (M.F.); (V.P.S.); (D.S.); (K.K.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (L.T.); (K.H.); (L.H.)
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There Is No Last Name For This Author P, Kaur H, Persoons L, Andrei G, Singh K. Quinoline-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one hybrids: Synthesis, biological activity and mechanistic studies. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200031. [PMID: 35174629 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of quinoline-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (DHPM) hybrids was synthesized and in vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated against chloroquine sensitive (D10) and chloroquine resistant (Dd2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the human malaria parasite. The antiplasmodial activity was compared to previously reported DHPM based molecular hybrids. Dual mode of antiplasmodial action of the most active member has been evaluated through heme binding study and in silico docking in the active site of dihydrofolate enzymes (wild-type as well as mutant). Favourable pharmacokinetic parameters were predicted in the ADMET evaluation. The new hybrids were also tested against a number of DNA and RNA viruses. No antiviral activity was found, except for one hybrid that showed mild inhibitory activity against two strains of cytomegalovirus (AD-169 and Davis), The most active hybrid was found to be a selective inhibitor of the growth of P. falciparum as well as a modest inhibitor of varicella zoster virus in HEL cells. Cytotoxicity of all hybrids was assessed in HEL, HeLa, Vero, MDCK, and CRFK cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leentje Persoons
- KU Leuven: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Microbiology, BELGIUM
| | - Graciela Andrei
- KU Leuven: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Microbiology, BELGIUM
| | - Kamaljit Singh
- Guru Nanak Dev University, Chemistry, GT Road, 143005, Amritsar, INDIA
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Specific Inhibition of VanZ-Mediated Resistance to Lipoglycopeptide Antibiotics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010097. [PMID: 35008521 PMCID: PMC8744867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Teicoplanin is a natural lipoglycopeptide antibiotic with a similar activity spectrum as vancomycin; however, it has with the added benefit to the patient of low cytotoxicity. Both teicoplanin and vancomycin antibiotics are actively used in medical practice in the prophylaxis and treatment of severe life-threatening infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Clostridium difficile. The expression of vancomycin Z (vanZ), encoded either in the vancomycin A (vanA) glycopeptide antibiotic resistance gene cluster or in the genomes of E. faecium, as well as Streptococcus pneumoniae and C. difficile, was shown to specifically compromise the antibiotic efficiency through the inhibition of teicoplanin binding to the bacterial surface. However, the exact mechanisms of this action and protein structure remain unknown. In this study, the three-dimensional structure of VanZ from E. faecium EnGen0191 was predicted by using the I-TASSER web server. Based on the VanZ structure, a benzimidazole based ligand was predicted to bind to the VanZ by molecular docking. Importantly, this new ligand, named G3K, was further confirmed to specifically inhibit VanZ-mediated resistance to teicoplanin in vivo.
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