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Waszak I, Ruczyńska W, Podlesińska W. Contaminant levels versus toxicity bioassays in ecological risk assessment of sediments from the southern Baltic Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 200:106665. [PMID: 39116736 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Surface sediments collected in 2021 from six locations in the southern Baltic Sea (Polish district) were examined by chemical and toxicological methods. Chemical analyses included polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and their alkylated derivatives, butyltin compounds and 16 major and trace elements. The toxicity was measured using Ostracodtoxkit F and Microtox. The ecological risk of sediment was estimated by hazard quotient (HQ) calculation. Some PAHs, alkylated PAHs and metals (Zn, Hg, Cd and As) could pose a moderate risk in the sediments from the Gdańsk Deep and in the vicinity of the wrecks, but the risk resulting from the presence of all analyzed compounds was considered high for these sediments. In studies using biotests, sediments from the vicinity of the t/s Franken wreck and the Słupsk Furrow were highly toxic to test organisms. Ostracodtoxkit F, compared to Microtox, appeared a more sensitive test for measured compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Waszak
- Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Wiesława Ruczyńska
- Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Weronika Podlesińska
- Gdynia Aquarium, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
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Ilori AO, Chetty N. A review of the occurrence of naturally occurring radioactive materials and radiological risk assessment in South African soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2969-2982. [PMID: 37967267 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2280661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
According to reports, exposure to high concentrations of naturally occurring radioactive substances like Uranium-238, Thorium-232, and Potassium-40 poses serious health concerns. This review study aims to report the concentrations of radionuclides in various South African soil and their equivalent risk assessments, which have been sparingly reported. For South Africa, most radionuclide concentrations above the permissible limits of 33, 45, and 420 Bq.kg-1 for 238U, 232Th, and 40K, respectively, have been found in some soil samples taken near industrialization activities, including mining and oil exploration and production. Thus, the amount of radionuclides is a good indicator of the kind of soil, the local geology, and the mineral make-up of the parent rocks. The increases in radiation exposure to people and the environment have been reported to cause various radiological health hazards. Thus, this review study can be used as a data source to track probable radioactive contamination from soils found in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiola Olawale Ilori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Sahoo S, Saha A, Vijaykumar ME, Khan MF, Samanta S, Mol SS, Das BK. Assessment of water quality of Netravathi-Gurupur estuary, India through chemometric approach for fisheries sustainability. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116043. [PMID: 38278014 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the water quality dynamics (physicochemical properties, nutrient and chlorophyll-a) in the Netravathi-Gurupur estuary, India across the space and seasons and to simplify the complex water quality dataset through a chemometric approach. The results indicated that pH, EC, temperature, alkalinity, salinity, TDS, hardness, chloride and intense mixing of suspended solids, driven by the semidiurnal tides, are the major factors affecting water quality. Spatial heterogeneity and monsoon have profound impact on nutrient distribution revealing the following values (mg l-1): phosphate-P (0.015-0.105), nitrate-N (0.016-0.094), nitrite-N (0.001-0.012), and silicate (1.83-14.50). The estuary was evaluated for suitability for brackish water fisheries. The results indicated fair water quality during pre- and post-monsoon but marginal quality in monsoon, primarily due to dilution associated with reduced salinity. The outcome of this study can be suitably utilized for the sustainable development of estuaries and their feasibility for brackish water fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonalika Sahoo
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore 560 089, India
| | - Ajoy Saha
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, India.
| | - M E Vijaykumar
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore 560 089, India
| | - M Feroz Khan
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore 560 089, India
| | - S Samanta
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, India
| | - Sibina S Mol
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore 560 089, India
| | - B K Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, India
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Abraham EC, D'Angelo JA, Ramírez DA, Camargo AB, Altamirano JC. Organic matter degradation determines the concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments. Multivariate learning on environmental and experimental models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162766. [PMID: 36921870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sediment organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in capturing polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) due to its affinity to hydrophobic and lipophilic compounds. Previous publications about correlations between PBDE concentrations and SOM content showed discrepancies among the results, reporting either significant positive correlations or no correlations at all. This work aimed to provide a deeper insight into SOM characteristics that might determine the concentrations of PBDEs in sediments. Sediment samples from Mendoza province, Argentina, were analyzed to contrast two models, environmental and experimental, using multivariate learning methods. Mendoza has been going through increasing events of drought and water scarcity, hence the occurrence, transport, and fate of contaminants as PBDEs in aquatic environments is of superlative importance. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLS) were used to evaluate the correlations between physicochemical properties of sediments, semi-quantitative Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) area ratios obtained from SOM spectra, and PBDE concentrations in sediments. Moreover, a linear model was proposed to determine SOM density using FTIR area ratios and it was used as an additional variable in multivariate analyses. The results obtained from PCA and PLS were consistent and revealed that PBDE concentrations in sediments were correlated with a more degraded SOM, characterized by shorter and more branched hydrocarbon chains. PBDE concentrations were also correlated with higher SOM density values, which in turn were correlated with SOM degradation. These findings extend previous understanding and emphasize that not only is the organic matter content a factor in determining PBDE concentrations in sediments, but also and more significantly, its degree of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia C Abraham
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-UNCuyo-Government of Mendoza, P.O. Box. 331 (5500), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - José A D'Angelo
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-UNCuyo-Government of Mendoza, P.O. Box. 331 (5500), Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Cape Breton University, Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Geology, 1250 Grand Lake Rd., Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Daniela A Ramírez
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), CONICET-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina; Laboratorio de Cromatografía para Agroalimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alejandra B Camargo
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), CONICET-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina; Laboratorio de Cromatografía para Agroalimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-UNCuyo-Government of Mendoza, P.O. Box. 331 (5500), Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, Mendoza 5500, Argentina.
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Botha TL, Bamuza-Pemu E, Roopnarain A, Ncube Z, De Nysschen G, Ndaba B, Mokgalaka N, Bello-Akinosho M, Adeleke R, Mushwana A, van der Laan M, Mphahlele P, Vilakazi F, Jaca P, Ubomba-Jaswa E. Development of a GIS-based knowledge hub for contaminants of emerging concern in South African water resources using open-source software: Lessons learnt. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13007. [PMID: 36747952 PMCID: PMC9898659 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With population growth and dwindling freshwater sources, protecting such sources has come to the forefront of water resource management. Historically, society's response to a problem is based on funding availability, current threat, and public outcry. Achieving this is largely dependent on the knowledge of the factors that are resulting in compromised water sources. These factors are constantly changing as novel contaminants are introduced into surface water sources. As we are in the information age, the interest in contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) is gaining ground. Whilst research is being conducted to identify contaminants in South African water sources, the research outputs and available information is not collated and presented to the science community and stakeholders in readily available formats and platforms. Current research outcomes need to be made known to regulators in order to develop environmental laws. By using fourth industrial revolution technology, we were able to collate available data in literature and display these in a user-friendly online format to regulatory bodies as well as researchers. A standardized excel spreadsheet was developed and uploaded to a PostgreSQL, running a PostGIS extension and was then processed in the GeoServer to allow for visualization on an interactive map which can be continuously updated. The near real-time access to information will reduce the possibility of duplication of research efforts, enhance collaboration in the discipline, and act as a CEC early warning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarryn Lee Botha
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- Corresponding author. Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Emomotimi Bamuza-Pemu
- OptimalEnviro; Postnet Suite 073, Private Bag X21, Queenswood, Pretoria, 0121, South Africa
| | - Ashira Roopnarain
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Zibusiso Ncube
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Gert De Nysschen
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Busiswa Ndaba
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ntebogeng Mokgalaka
- University of Pretoria, Mamelodi Campus, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
- Tshwane University of Technology, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Maryam Bello-Akinosho
- Pathogenic Yeast Research Group, Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Rasheed Adeleke
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, South Africa
| | - Akani Mushwana
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael van der Laan
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC) – Natural Resources and Engineering, Private Bag X79, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20 Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Phedisho Mphahlele
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Fanelesibonge Vilakazi
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council – Natural Resources and Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, South Africa
| | - Penny Jaca
- Water Research Commission, Lynnwood Bridge Office Park, Bloukrans Building, 4 Daventry Street, Lynnwood Manor, Pretoria, 0081, South Africa
| | - Eunice Ubomba-Jaswa
- Water Research Commission, Lynnwood Bridge Office Park, Bloukrans Building, 4 Daventry Street, Lynnwood Manor, Pretoria, 0081, South Africa
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