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Lang J, Soddemann M, Edwards MJ, Wilson GC, Lang KS, Gulbins E. Sphingosine Prevents Rhinoviral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2486. [PMID: 38473734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhinoviral infections cause approximately 50% of upper respiratory tract infections and novel treatment options are urgently required. We tested the effects of 10 μM to 20 μM sphingosine on the infection of cultured and freshly isolated human cells with minor and major group rhinovirus in vitro. We also performed in vivo studies on mice that were treated with an intranasal application of 10 μL of either a 10 μM or a 100 μM sphingosine prior and after infection with rhinovirus strains 1 and 2 and determined the infection of nasal epithelial cells in the presence or absence of sphingosine. Finally, we determined and characterized a direct binding of sphingosine to rhinovirus. Our data show that treating freshly isolated human nasal epithelial cells with sphingosine prevents infections with rhinovirus strains 2 (minor group) and 14 (major group). Nasal infection of mice with rhinovirus 1b and 2 is prevented by the intranasal application of sphingosine before or as long as 8 h after infection with rhinovirus. Nasal application of the same doses of sphingosine exerts no adverse effects on epithelial cells as determined by hemalaun and TUNEL stainings. The solvent, octylglucopyranoside, was without any effect in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the positively charged lipid sphingosine binds to negatively charged molecules in the virus, which seems to prevent the infection of epithelial cells. These findings indicate that exogenous sphingosine prevents infections with rhinoviruses, a finding that could be therapeutically exploited. In addition, we demonstrated that sphingosine has no obvious adverse effects on the nasal mucosa. Sphingosine prevents rhinoviral infections by a biophysical mode of action, suggesting that sphingosine could serve to prevent many viral infections of airways and epithelial cells in general. Future studies need to determine the molecular mechanisms of how sphingosine prevents rhinoviral infections and whether sphingosine also prevents infections with other viruses inducing respiratory tract infections. Furthermore, our studies do not provide detailed pharmacokinetics that are definitely required before the further development of sphingosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lang
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Soddemann
- Department of Molecular Biology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Michael J Edwards
- Department of Molecular Biology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Gregory C Wilson
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Karl S Lang
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University Clinic, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Nerli G, Gonçalves LMD, Cirri M, Almeida AJ, Maestrelli F, Mennini N, Mura PA. Design, Evaluation and Comparison of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers and Chitosan Nanoparticles as Carriers of Poorly Soluble Drugs to Develop Oral Liquid Formulations Suitable for Pediatric Use. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041305. [PMID: 37111790 PMCID: PMC10146291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a serious need of pediatric drug formulations, whose lack causes the frequent use of extemporaneous preparations obtained from adult dosage forms, with consequent safety and quality risks. Oral solutions are the best choice for pediatric patients, due to administration ease and dosage-adaptability, but their development is challenging, particularly for poorly soluble drugs. In this work, chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed and evaluated as potential nanocarriers for preparing oral pediatric solutions of cefixime (poorly soluble model drug). The selected CSNPs and NLCs showed a size around 390 nm, Zeta-potential > 30 mV, and comparable entrapment efficiency (31-36%), but CSNPs had higher loading efficiency (5.2 vs. 1.4%). CSNPs maintained an almost unchanged size, homogeneity, and Zeta-potential during storage, while NLCs exhibited a marked progressive Zeta-potential decrease. Drug release from CSNPs formulations (differently from NLCs) was poorly affected by gastric pH variations, and gave rise to a more reproducible and controlled profile. This was related to their behavior in simulated gastric conditions, where CSNPs were stable, while NLCs suffered a rapid size increase, up to micrometric dimensions. Cytotoxicity studies confirmed CSNPs as the best nanocarrier, proving their complete biocompatibility, while NLCs formulations needed 1:1 dilution to obtain acceptable cell viability values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Nerli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marzia Cirri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francesca Maestrelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Natascia Mennini
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paola A Mura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Tagore R, Alagarasu K, Patil P, Pyreddy S, Polash SA, Kakade M, Shukla R, Parashar D. Targeted in vitro gene silencing of E2 and nsP1 genes of chikungunya virus by biocompatible zeolitic imidazolate framework. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1003448. [PMID: 36601387 PMCID: PMC9806579 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1003448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya fever caused by the mosquito-transmitted chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a major public health concern in tropical, sub-tropical and temperate climatic regions. The lack of any licensed vaccine or antiviral agents against CHIKV warrants the development of effective antiviral therapies. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated gene silencing of CHIKV structural and non-structural genes serves as a potential antiviral strategy. The therapeutic efficiency of siRNA can be improved by using an efficient delivery system. Metal-organic framework biocomposits have demonstrated an exceptional capability in protecting and efficiently delivering nucleic acids into cells. In the present study, carbonated ZIF called ZIF-C has been utilized to deliver siRNAs targeted against E2 and nsP1 genes of CHIKV to achieve a reduction in viral replication and infectivity. Cellular transfection studies of E2 and nsP1 genes targeting free siRNAs and ZIF-C encapsulated siRNAs in CHIKV infected Vero CCL-81 cells were performed. Our results reveal a significant reduction of infectious virus titre, viral RNA levels and percent of infected cells in cultures transfected with ZIF-C encapsulated siRNA compared to cells transfected with free siRNA. The results suggest that delivery of siRNA through ZIF-C enhances the antiviral activity of CHIKV E2 and nsP1 genes directed siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshee Tagore
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Kalichamy Alagarasu
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Poonam Patil
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Suneela Pyreddy
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shakil Ahmed Polash
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mahadeo Kakade
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Ravi Shukla, ; Deepti Parashar,
| | - Deepti Parashar
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India,*Correspondence: Ravi Shukla, ; Deepti Parashar,
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Quality by Design-Driven Zeta Potential Optimisation Study of Liposomes with Charge Imparting Membrane Additives. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091798. [PMID: 36145546 PMCID: PMC9503861 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomal formulations, as versatile nanocarrier systems suitable for targeted delivery, have a highly focused role in the therapy development of unmet clinical needs and diagnostic imaging techniques. Formulating nanomedicine with suitable zeta potential is an essential but challenging task. Formulations with a minimum ±30 mV zeta potential are considered stable. The charge of the phospholipid bilayer can be adjusted with membrane additives. The present Quality by Design-derived study aimed to optimise liposomal formulations prepared via the thin-film hydration technique by applying stearylamine (SA) or dicetyl phosphate (DCP) as charge imparting agents. This 32 fractional factorial design-based study determined phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and SA/DCP molar ratios for liposomes with characteristics meeting the formulation requirements. The polynomials describing the effects on the zeta potential were calculated. The optimal molar ratios of the lipids were given as 12.0:5.0:5.0 for the SA-PBS pH 5.6 (optimised sample containing stearylamine) and 8.5:4.5:6.5 for the DCP-PBS pH 5.6 (optimised sample containing dicetyl phosphate) particles hydrated with phosphate-buffered saline pH 5.6. The SA-PBS pH 5.6 liposomes had a vesicle size of 108 ± 15 nm, 0.20 ± 0.04 polydispersity index, and +30.1 ± 1.2 mV zeta potential, while these values were given as 88 ± 14 nm, 0.21 ± 0.02, and −36.7 ± 3.3 mV for the DCP-PBS pH 5.6 vesicles. The prepared liposomes acquired the requirements of the zeta potential for stable formulations.
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Vaidya S, Jeengar MK, Wadaan MA, Mahboob S, Kumar P, Reece LM, Bathula SR, Dutta M. Design and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel Cationic Lipids for siRNA Delivery in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9231641. [PMID: 35707479 PMCID: PMC9192290 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9231641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality in Western nations, with a terrible prognosis. Many studies show that siRNA plays a role in the development of tumors by acting as a tumor suppressor and apoptosis inhibitor or both. siRNAs may be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. Antisurvivin siRNA was chosen as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment because it directly targets survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, that causes cell death. However, siRNA-based treatment has significant limitations, including a lack of tissue selectivity, a lack of effective delivery mechanisms, low cellular absorption, and the possibility of systemic toxicity. To address some of these issues, we provide a siRNA delivery method based on cationic lipids. In the recent past, cationic liposomes have displayed that they offer a remarkable perspective in proficient siRNA delivery. The presence of a positive charge plays a vital role in firm extracellular siRNA binding along with active intracellular siRNA separation and low biological adversities. Consequently, the methods for developing innovative cationic lipids through rendering and utilization of appropriate positive charges would certainly be helpful for benign and effective siRNA delivery. In the current study, an effort was made to synthesize a 3,4-dimethoxyaniline lipid (DMA) to improve the effectiveness and protection of successful siRNA delivery. DMA cationic lipid successfully delivered survivin siRNA that reduced the survivin mRNA expression, indicating the possibility of utilizing siRNA therapeutics for breast cancer. It is expected that this innovative quaternary amine-based liposome can open up new avenues in the process of developing an easy and extensively used platform for siRNA delivery. Cationic lipoplexes, a potential carrier system for siRNA-based therapies in the treatment of breast cancer, were proven by our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Vaidya
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Centre for Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Manish Kumar Jeengar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, AIMS Ponekkara, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Integrated Regional Office, Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC), Government of India, Saifabad, Hyderabad 500004, Telangana, India
| | - Lisa M. Reece
- Reece Life Science Consulting Service, 819 N Amburn Rd, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Surender Reddy Bathula
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Centre for Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Mycal Dutta
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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