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Abdulhaniff P, Sakayanathan P, Loganathan C, Iruthayaraj A, Thiyagarajan R, Thayumanavan P. Mammalian maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase inhibitory effects of Artocarpus heterophyllus: An in vitro and in silico approach. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 110:108052. [PMID: 38492557 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-glucosidase (maltase, sucrase, isomaltase and glucoamylase) activities which are involved in carbohydrate metabolism are present in human intestinal maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and sucrase-isomaltase (SI). Hence, these proteins are important targets to identify drugs against postprandial hyperglycemia thereby for diabetes. To find natural-based drugs against MGAM and SI, Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf was explored for MGAM and SI inhibition in in vitro and in silico. A. heterophyllus leaf aqueous active fraction (AHL-AAF) was prepared using Soxhlet extraction followed by silica column chromatography. The phytoconstituents of AHL-AAF were determined using LC-ESI-MS/MS. AHL-AAF showed dose-dependent and mixed inhibition against maltase (IC50 = 460 µg/ml; Ki = 300 µg/ml), glucoamylase (IC50 = 780 µg/ml; Ki = 480 µg/ml), sucrase (IC50 = 900 µg/ml, Ki = 504 µg/ml) and isomaltase (IC50 = 860 µg/ml, Ki = 400 µg/ml). AHL-AAF phytoconstituents interaction with N-terminal (Nt) and C-terminal (Ct) subunits of human MGAM and SI was analyzed using induced-fit docking, molecular dynamics (MD), and binding free energy calculation. In docking studies, rhamnosyl hexosyl methyl quercetin (RHMQ), P-coumaryl-O-16-hydroxy palmitic acid (PCHP), and spirostanol interacted with active site amino acids of human MGAM and SI. Among these RHMQ stably interacted with all the subunits (Nt-MGAM, Ct-MGAM, Nt-SI and Ct-SI) whereas PCHP with Ct-MGAM and Nt-SI during MD analysis. In molecular docking, the docking score of RHMQ with NtMGAM, CtMGAM, NtSI and CtSI was -8.48, -12.88, -11.98 and -11.37 kcal/mol. The docking score of PCHP for CtMGAM and NtSI was -8.59 and -8.4 kcal/mol, respectively. After MD simulation, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) values further confirmed the stable protein-ligand interaction. The RMSD value of all the complexes were around 2.5 Å and the corresponding RMSF values were also quite low. In MM/GBSA analysis, the involvement of Van der Waals and lipophilic energy in the protein/ligand interactions are understood. Further binding free energy for Nt-MGAM-PCHP, Nt-MGAM-RHMQ, Nt-SI-PCHP, Nt-SI-RHMQ, Ct-MGAM-PCHP, Ct-MGAM-RHMQ and Ct-SI-RHMQ complexes was found to be -24.94, -46.60, -46.56, -44.48, -40.3, -41.86 and -19.39 kcal/mol, respectively. Altogether, AHL-AAF showed inhibition of α-glucosidase activities of MGAM and SI. AHL-AAF could be further studied for its effect on diabetes in in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Abdulhaniff
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Penislusshiyan Sakayanathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India; Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636009, India
| | - Chitra Loganathan
- Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636009, India; Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ancy Iruthayaraj
- Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636009, India
| | - Ramesh Thiyagarajan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Aryal D, Joshi S, Thapa NK, Chaudhary P, Basaula S, Joshi U, Bhandari D, Rogers HM, Bhattarai S, Sharma KR, Regmi BP, Parajuli N. Dietary phenolic compounds as promising therapeutic agents for diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3025-3045. [PMID: 38726403 PMCID: PMC11077226 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the middle of an ever-changing landscape of diabetes care, precision medicine, and lifestyle therapies are becoming increasingly important. Dietary polyphenols are like hidden allies found in our everyday meals. These biomolecules, found commonly in fruits, vegetables, and various plant-based sources, hold revolutionary potential within their molecular structure in the way we approach diabetes and its intimidating consequences. There are currently numerous types of diabetes medications, but they are not appropriate for all patients due to limitations in dosages, side effects, drug resistance, a lack of efficacy, and ethnicity. Currently, there has been increased interest in practicing herbal remedies to manage diabetes and its related complications. This article aims to summarize the potential of dietary polyphenols as a foundation in the treatment of diabetes and its associated consequences. We found that most polyphenols inhibit enzymes linked to diabetes. This review outlines the potential benefits of selected molecules, including kaempferol, catechins, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid, in managing diabetes mellitus as these compounds have exhibited promising results in in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and some preclinical trials study. This encompassing exploration reveals the multifaceted impact of polyphenols not only in mitigating diabetes but also in addressing associated conditions like inflammation, obesity, and even cancer. Their mechanisms involve antioxidant functions, immune modulation, and proinflammatory enzyme regulation. Furthermore, these molecules exhibit anti-tumor activities, influence cellular pathways, and activate AMPK pathways, offering a less toxic, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to addressing diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipa Aryal
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Soniya Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Nabin Kumar Thapa
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Pratiksha Chaudhary
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Sirjana Basaula
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Usha Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Damodar Bhandari
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Hannah M. Rogers
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | | | - Khaga Raj Sharma
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Bishnu P. Regmi
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
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Pradeep S, Patil SM, Dharmashekara C, Jain A, Ramu R, Shirahatti PS, Mandal SP, Reddy P, Srinivasa C, Patil SS, Ortega-Castro J, Frau J, Flores-Holgúın N, Shivamallu C, Kollur SP, Glossman-Mitnik D. Molecular insights into the in silico discovery of corilagin from Terminalia chebula as a potential dual inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10869-10884. [PMID: 36576118 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2158943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The spike (S) glycoprotein and nucleocapsid (N) proteins are the crucial pathogenic proteins of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) virus during its interaction with the host. Even FDA-approved drugs like dexamethasone and grazoprevir are not able to curb the viral progression inside the host and are reported with adverse effects on body metabolism. In this context, we aim to report corilagin a novel, potential dual inhibitor of S and N proteins from Terminalia chebula. The bioactive compounds of T. chebula were subjected to a series of computational investigations including molecular docking simulations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, binding free energy calculations, and PASS pharmacological analysis. The results obtained from these studies revealed that corilagin was highly interactive with the S (-8.9 kcal/mol) and N (-9.2 kcal/mol) proteins, thereby showing dual inhibition activity. It was also found to be stable enough to induce biological activity inside the inhibitor binding pocket of the target enzymes throughout the dynamics simulation run for 100 ns. This is also confirmed by the changes in the protein conformations, evaluated using free energy landscapes. Outcomes from this investigation identify corilagin as the lead potential dual inhibitor of S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2, which could be taken for biological studies in near future.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashank M Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandan Dharmashekara
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anisha Jain
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Subhankar P Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pruthvish Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrashekar Srinivasa
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharanagouda S Patil
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Juan Frau
- Departament de Qúımica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Malllorca, Spain
| | - Norma Flores-Holgúın
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energ'ıa, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Chih, México
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energ'ıa, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Chih, México
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Kokila NR, Mahesh B, Ramu R, Mruthunjaya K, Bettadaiah BK, Madhyastha H. Inhibitory effect of gallic acid from Thunbergia mysorensis against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase and their interaction: Inhibition kinetics and molecular simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10642-10658. [PMID: 36533383 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2156923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this exploration, we assessed the antihyperglycaemic properties of methanol extract of flowers of Thunbergia mysorensis (MeT) against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and aldose reductase enzymes for the effective management of postprandial hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia occurs when the body lacks enough insulin or is unable to correctly utilize it. MeT inhibited both the carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) and aldose reductase, which are vital for the therapeutic control of postprandial hyperglycaemia. MeT was also found to have significant antioxidant activity. Using several spectroscopic approaches, the primary active component found in MeT was identified as gallic acid. With low Ki values, gallic acid significantly inhibited α-glucosidase (30.86 µg/mL) and α-amylase (6.50 µg/mL). Also, MeT and gallic acid both inhibited aldose reductase effectively, corresponding to an IC50 value of 3.31 and 3.05 µg/mL. Our findings imply that the presence of polyphenol compounds (identified via HPLC analysis) is more likely to be responsible for the antihyperglycaemic role exhibited by MeT via the inhibition of α-glucosidase and the polyol pathway. Further, gallic acid interacted with the key residues of the active sites of α-glucosidase (-6.4 kcal/mol), α-amylase (-5.8 kcal/mol) and aldose reductase (-5.8 kcal/mol) as observed in the protein-ligand docking. It was also predicted that gallic acid was stable inside the binding pockets of the target enzymes during molecular dynamics simulation. Overall, gallic acid derived from MeT via bioassay-guided isolation emerges as a natural antidiabetic drug and can be taken into in vivo and clinical studies shortly.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Kokila
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education,(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education,(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - K Mruthunjaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - B K Bettadaiah
- Spices and Flavour Science Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Roopashree B, Mahesh B, Ramu R, Rekha ND, Manjula SN, Preethi G, Gayathri V. An insight into the cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biocontrol perspective of novel Iron(III) complexes of substituted benzimidazoles: Inhibition kinetics and molecular simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37794762 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2263569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Mononuclear complexes [FeCl3L2(OH2)] (L = L1, L2) were designed and synthesized by combining FeCl3 with 2-(3'-Aminophenylbenzimidazole) (L1) and 2-[(3'-N-Salicylidinephenyl)benzimidazole] (L2) and were characterized by physico-analytical strategies. The redox properties of the complexes were disclosed by the cyclic voltammetric method. Further, the interactions of complexes with proteins were studied by performing molecular docking engaging protein models of common cancer therapeutic targets to foresee their affinity to bind to these proteins. The complexes evidenced better protein-ligand docking (-8.4 and -9.0 kcal mol-1) and higher binding energies than their ligands. However, the L1 complex displayed improved binding free energy (-33.576 ± 1.01 kcal mol-1) compared to the other complexes and individual ligands. These compounds were screened for in vitro cytotoxic assays against triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-468 cells), anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The in vitro study complemented the in silico assay; therefore, these compounds may be a viable choice for expanding anticancer therapy. Additionally, the L2 showed better biocontrol activity owing to the enhanced growth of Trichoderma and inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Roopashree
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - N D Rekha
- Department of Bio-Technology, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science (Autonomous), Mysuru, India
| | - S N Manjula
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - G Preethi
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - V Gayathri
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Central College Campus, Bangalore City University, Bengaluru, India
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Al-Ghorbani M, Alharbi O, Al-Odayni AB, Abduh NAY. Quinoline- and Isoindoline-Integrated Polycyclic Compounds as Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Agents Targeting the Dual Inhibition of α-Glycosidase and α-Amylase Enzymes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1222. [PMID: 37765030 PMCID: PMC10535292 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel analogs of quinoline and isoindoline containing various heterocycles, such as tetrazole, triazole, pyrazole, and pyridine, were synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy, and their antioxidant and antidiabetic activities were investigated. The previously synthesized compound 1 was utilized in conjugation with ketone-bearing tetrazole and isoindoline-1,3-dione to synthesize Schiff's bases 2 and 3. Furthermore, hydrazide 1 was treated with aryledines to provide pyrazoles 4a-c. Compound 5 was obtained by treating 1 with potassium thiocyanate, which was then cyclized in a basic solution to afford triazole 6. On the other hand, pyridine derivatives 7a-d and 8a-d were synthesized using 2-(4-acetylphenyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione via a one-pot condensation reaction with aryl aldehydes and active methylene compounds. From the antioxidant and antidiabetic studies, compound 7d showed significant antioxidant activity with an EC50 = 0.65, 0.52, and 0.93 mM in the free radical scavenging assays (DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radicals). It also displayed noteworthy inhibitory activity against both enzymes α-glycosidase (IC50: 0.07 mM) and α-amylase (0.21 mM) compared to acarbose (0.09 mM α-glycosidase and 0.25 mM for α-amylase), and higher than in the other compounds. During in silico assays, compound 7d exhibited favorable binding affinities towards both α-glycosidase (-10.9 kcal/mol) and α-amylase (-9.0 kcal/mol) compared to acarbose (-8.6 kcal/mol for α-glycosidase and -6.0 kcal/mol for α-amylase). The stability of 7d was demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations and estimations of the binding free energy throughout the simulation session (100 ns).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Osama Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naaser A. Y. Abduh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Cui XR, Wang YS, Chen Y, Mu HY, Chen HH. Understanding the digestibility of wheat starch- caffeic acid complexes prepared by hot-extrusion 3D printing technology. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Mironeasa S, Coţovanu I, Mironeasa C, Ungureanu-Iuga M. A Review of the Changes Produced by Extrusion Cooking on the Bioactive Compounds from Vegetal Sources. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1453. [PMID: 37507991 PMCID: PMC10376774 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for healthy ready-to-eat foods like snacks is increasing. Physical modification of vegetal food matrices through extrusion generates significant changes in the chemical composition of the final product. There is a great variety of food matrices that can be used in extrusion, most of them being based on cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, or seeds. The aim of this review was to summarize the main effects of the extrusion process on the bioactive compounds content, namely phenolics, terpenes, vitamins, minerals, and fibers of vegetal mixes, as well as on their biological activity. The literature reported contradictory results regarding the changes in bioactive compounds after extrusion, mainly due to the differences in the processing conditions, chemical composition, physicochemical properties, and nutritional value of the extruded material and quantification methods. The thermolabile phenolics and vitamins were negatively affected by extrusion, while the fiber content was proved to be enhanced. Further research is needed regarding the interactions between bioactive components during extrusion, as well as a more detailed analysis of the impact of extrusion on the terpenes since there are few papers dealing with this aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Mironeasa
- Faculty of Food Engineering, "Ştefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Ionica Coţovanu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, "Ştefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Costel Mironeasa
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive and Robotics, "Ştefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Mădălina Ungureanu-Iuga
- Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control (MANSiD), "Ştefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
- Mountain Economy Center (CE-MONT), "Costin C. Kiriţescu" National Institute of Economic Researches (INCE), Romanian Academy, 49 Petreni Street, 725700 Vatra Dornei, Romania
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Faingold II, Soldatova YV, Poletaeva DA, Klimanova EN, Sanina NA. Influence of Nitrosyl Iron Complex with Thiosulfate Ligands on Therapeutically Important Targets Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:615. [PMID: 37504981 PMCID: PMC10384030 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the lack of effective therapy, determine the need for new treatment options. The present study is focused on the NO-donors drug class as effective antidiabetic agents. Since numerous biological systems are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM, the most promising approach to the development of effective drugs for the treatment of T2DM is the search for pharmacologically active compounds that are selective for a number of therapeutic targets for T2DM and its complications: oxidative stress, non-enzymatic protein glycation, polyol pathway. The nitrosyl iron complex with thiosulfate ligands was studied in this work. Binuclear iron nitrosyl complexes are synthetic analogues of [2Fe-2S] centers in the regulatory protein natural reservoirs of NO. Due to their ability to release NO without additional activation under physiological conditions, these compounds are of considerable interest for the development of potential drugs. The present study explores the effects of tetranitrosyl iron complex with thiosulfate ligands (TNIC-ThS) on T2DM and its complications regarding therapeutic targets in vitro, as well as its ability to bind liposomal membrane, inhibit lipid peroxidation (LPO), and non-enzymatic glycation of bovine serum albumin (BSA), as well as aldose reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the reduction in glucose to sorbitol in the polyol pathway. Using the fluorescent probe method, it has been shown that TNIC-ThS molecules interact with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of model membranes. TNIC-ThS inhibits lipid peroxidation, exhibiting antiradical activity due to releasing NO (IC50 = 21.5 ± 3.7 µM). TNIC-ThS was found to show non-competitive inhibition of aldose reductase with Ki value of 5.25 × 10-4 M. In addition, TNIC-ThS was shown to be an effective inhibitor of the process of non-enzymatic protein glycation in vitro (IC50 = 47.4 ± 7.6 µM). Thus, TNIC-ThS may be considered to contribute significantly to the treatment of T2DM and diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Faingold
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Yuliya V Soldatova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Darya A Poletaeva
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Elena N Klimanova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Nataliya A Sanina
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Education Center, Moscow Region State University, Mytishchy 142432, Russia
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Sreepathi N, Kumari VBC, Huligere SS, Al-Odayni AB, Lasehinde V, Jayanthi MK, Ramu R. Screening for potential novel probiotic Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB52 with antihyperglycemic property from fermented Carica papaya L. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1168102. [PMID: 37408641 PMCID: PMC10318367 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1168102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms with various health benefits when consumed in appropriate amounts. Fermented foods are a rich source of these beneficial organisms. This study aimed to investigate the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented papaya (Carica papaya L.) through in vitro methods. The LAB strains were thoroughly characterized, considering their morphological, physiological, fermentative, biochemical, and molecular properties. The LAB strain's adherence and resistance to gastrointestinal conditions, as well as its antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities, were examined. Moreover, the strains were tested for susceptibility against specific antibiotics, and safety evaluations encompassed the hemolytic assay and DNase activity. The supernatant of the LAB isolate underwent organic acid profiling (LCMS). The primary objective of this study was to assess the inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, both in vitro and in silico. Gram-positive strains that were catalase-negative and carbohydrate fermenting were selected for further analysis. The LAB isolate exhibited resistance to acid bile (0.3% and 1%), phenol (0.1% and 0.4%), and simulated gastrointestinal juice (pH 3-8). It demonstrated potent antibacterial and antioxidant abilities and resistance to kanamycin, vancomycin, and methicillin. The LAB strain showed autoaggregation (83%) and adhesion to chicken crop epithelial cells, buccal epithelial cells, and HT-29 cells. Safety assessments indicated no evidence of hemolysis or DNA degradation, confirming the safety of the LAB isolates. The isolate's identity was confirmed using the 16S rRNA sequence. The LAB strain Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB52, derived from fermented papaya, exhibited promising probiotic properties. Moreover, the isolate demonstrated significant inhibition of α-amylase (86.97%) and α-glucosidase (75.87%) enzymes. In silico studies uncovered that hydroxycitric acid, one of the organic acids derived from the isolate, interacted with crucial amino acid residues of the target enzymes. Specifically, hydroxycitric acid formed hydrogen bonds with key amino acid residues, such as GLU233 and ASP197 in α-amylase, and ASN241, ARG312, GLU304, SER308, HIS279, PRO309, and PHE311 in α-glucosidase. In conclusion, Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB52, isolated from fermented papaya, possesses promising probiotic properties and exhibits potential as an effective remedy for diabetes. Its resistance to gastrointestinal conditions, antibacterial and antioxidant abilities, adhesion to different cell types, and significant inhibition of target enzymes make it a valuable candidate for further research and potential application in the field of probiotics and diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Sreepathi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - V. B. Chandana Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujay S. Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Victor Lasehinde
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - M. K. Jayanthi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Martiz RM, Kumari V. B. C, Huligere SS, Khan MS, Alafaleq NO, Ahmad S, Akhter F, Sreepathi N, P. A, Ramu R. Inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes by a potential probiotic Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB49 isolated from fermented Ananas comosus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1190105. [PMID: 37389344 PMCID: PMC10303921 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1190105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The research aimed to explore the potential probiotic characteristics of Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB49, a strain of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented pineapple, specifically focusing on its antidiabetic effects. The importance of probiotics in maintaining a balanced gut microbiota and supporting human physiology and metabolism motivated this research. All collected isolates underwent microscopic and biochemical screenings, and those exhibiting Gram-positive characteristics, negative catalase activity, phenol tolerance, gastrointestinal conditions, and adhesion capabilities were selected. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed, along with safety evaluations encompassing hemolytic and DNase enzyme activity tests. The isolate's antioxidant activity and its ability to inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes were examined. Additionally, organic acid profiling (LC-MS) and in silico studies were conducted on the tested extracts. Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB49 demonstrated desired characteristics such as Gram-positive, negative catalase activity, phenol tolerance, gastrointestinal conditions, hydrophobicity (65.71%), and autoaggregation (77.76%). Coaggregation activity against Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was observed. Molecular characterization revealed significant antioxidant activity in Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB49, with ABTS and DPPH inhibition rates of 74.85% and 60.51%, respectively, at a bacterial cell concentration of 109 CFU/mL. The cell-free supernatant exhibited substantial inhibition of α-amylase (56.19%) and α-glucosidase (55.69%) in vitro. In silico studies supported these findings, highlighting the inhibitory effects of specific organic acids such as citric acid, hydroxycitric acid, and malic acid, which displayed higher Pa values compared to other compounds. These outcomes underscore the promising antidiabetic potential of Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB49, isolated from fermented pineapple. Its probiotic properties, including antimicrobial activity, autoaggregation, and gastrointestinal conditions, contribute to its potential therapeutic application. The inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities further support its anti-diabetic properties. In silico analysis identified specific organic acids that may contribute to the observed antidiabetic effects. Levilactobacillus brevis RAMULAB49, as a probiotic isolate derived from fermented pineapple, holds promise as an agent for managing diabetes. Further investigations should focus on evaluating its efficacy and safety in vivo to consider its potential therapeutic application in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Mary Martiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandana Kumari V. B.
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujay S. Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Omar Alafaleq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Firoz Akhter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Navya Sreepathi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini P.
- Department of Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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V. H. P, Kuruburu MG, M. K. J, N. AS, Taha Babakr A, Sreenivasan R, Ramu R, Madhunapantula SV. Bioactive profiling and evaluation of anti-proliferative and anti-cancerous properties of Shivagutika, an Indian polyherbal formulation synchronizing in vitro and in silico approaches. Front Chem 2023; 11:1195209. [PMID: 37265589 PMCID: PMC10230648 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1195209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Shivagutika is a polyherbal formulation mentioned in Ayurveda, the oldest system of medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-breast cancer potential of DCM extract of Shivagutika using MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468. Primarily, various extracts of Shivagutika were prepared and subjected to primary in vitro analysis-total protein, phenolic acid content, and flavonoid content. DCM extract among all the extracts showed the promising results hence, it was subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis to identify the phytochemicals. The same extract was subjected to anti-proliferation assay and anti-cancer assay. It inhibited all the 3 cell lines and increased the activity of Caspase 3, pro-apoptotic protein. Further, to find the potent molecule(s) in silico analysis (molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies) was performed. Sciadopitysin was identified as a potent molecule among all phytochemicals as it interacted with Caspase 3 with a binding energy of -7.2 kcal/mol. MD simulation studies also revealed that Sciadopitysin was stable inside the binding pocket of Caspase 3 by interacting with the amino acids in the catalytic site thereby activating the Caspase 3 levels. By all the above results, Shivagutika could be used as a potent anti-breast cancer agent (specifically DCM extract of Shivagutika) which could decrease the cases of breast cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa V. H.
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadevaswamy G. Kuruburu
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (A DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (A DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanthi M. K.
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshaya Simha N.
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdullatif Taha Babakr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (A DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (A DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Kumari V B C, Huligere SS, Alotaibi G, Al Mouslem AK, Bahauddin AA, Shivanandappa TB, Ramu R. Antidiabetic Activity of Potential Probiotics Limosilactobacillus spp., Levilactobacillus spp., and Lacticaseibacillus spp. Isolated from Fermented Sugarcane Juice: A Comprehensive In Vitro and In Silico Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081882. [PMID: 37111101 PMCID: PMC10144524 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are regarded as a potential source of functional foods for improving the microbiota in human gut. When consumed, these bacteria can control the metabolism of biomolecules, which has numerous positive effects on health. Our objective was to identify a probiotic putative Lactobacillus spp. from fermented sugarcane juice that can prevent α-glucosidase and α-amylase from hydrolyzing carbohydrates. Isolates from fermented sugarcane juice were subjected to biochemical, molecular characterization (16S rRNA) and assessed for probiotic traits. Cell-free supernatant (CS) and extract (CE) and also intact cells (IC) were examined for the inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. CS of the strain showed the highest inhibition and was subjected to a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis to determine the organic acid profile. The in silico approach was employed to assess organic acid stability and comprehend enzyme inhibitors' impact. Nine isolates were retained for further investigation based on the preliminary biochemical evaluation. Limosilactobacillus spp., Levilactobacillus spp., and Lacticaseibacillus spp. were identified based on similarity > 95% in homology search (NCBI database). The strains had a higher survival rate (>98%) than gastric and intestinal fluids, also a high capacity for adhesion (hydrophobicity > 56%; aggregation > 80%; HT-29 cells > 54%; buccal epithelial cells > 54%). The hemolytic assay indicated that the isolates could be considered safe. The isolates' derivatives inhibited enzymes to varying degrees, with α-glucosidase inhibition ranging from 21 to 85% and α-amylase inhibition from 18 to 75%, respectively. The CS of RAMULAB54 was profiled for organic acid that showed the abundance of hydroxycitric acid, citric acid, and lactic acid indicating their role in the observed inhibitory effects. The in silico approach has led us to understand that hydroxycitric acid has the ability to inhibit both the enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) effectively. Inhibiting these enzymes helps moderate postprandial hyperglycemia and regulates blood glucose levels. Due to their promising antidiabetic potential, these isolates can be used to enhance intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Kumari V B
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujay S Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz K Al Mouslem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Abdulraheem Bahauddin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah 42535, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
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Banu HAN, Kalluraya B, Manju N, Ramu R, Patil SM, Lokanatha Rai KM, Kumar N. Synthesis of Pyrazoline‐Embedded 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions with in vitro and in silico Studies. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Nagma Banu
- Department of studies in Chemistry Mangalore University Mangalagangothri Konaje 574199 Karnataka India
| | - Balakrishna Kalluraya
- Department of studies in Chemistry Mangalore University Mangalagangothri Konaje 574199 Karnataka India
| | - N. Manju
- Department of studies in Chemistry Mangalore University Mangalagangothri Konaje 574199 Karnataka India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, SS Nagar Mysuru 570015 Karnataka India
| | - Shashank M. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, SS Nagar Mysuru 570015 Karnataka India
| | - K. M. Lokanatha Rai
- Department of studies in Chemistry PG centre, Chikkaaluvara Mangalore university Mangalagangothri Karnataka India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous) Ujire 574240 Karnataka India
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Kokila NR, Mahesh B, Ramu R, Roopashree B, Mruthunjaya K. α-Amylase inhibitory potential of Thunbergia mysorensis leaves extract and bioactive compounds by in vitro and computational approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14887-14903. [PMID: 36927385 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2190408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aim to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of Thunbergia mysorensis leaves methanolic extract (MeL) using inhibitory assays for α-glucosidase (AG), α-amylase (AM) (carbohydrate digestive enzymes) and aldose reductase (AR) (an enzyme involved in the polyol pathway responsible for glycation). In addition to antidiabetic studies, antioxidant studies were also performed due to the fact that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by various pathways under diabetic conditions. Hyperglycemia induces ROS by activating the glycation reaction and the electron transport chain in mitochondria. The MeL effectively inhibited the enzymes (AG IC50: 27.86 ± 1.0, AM IC50: 12.00 ± 0.0, AR IC50: 4.50 ± 0.09 μg/mL) and showed effective radical ion scavenging activity during the antioxidant assay (DPPH EC50: 30.10 ± 0.75, ABTS EC50: 27.25 ± 1.00, Superoxide EC50: 35.00 ± 1.50 μg/mL). Using activity-guided repeated fractionation on a silica gel column chromatography, two compounds including 3,4-dimethoxy benzoic acid (DMBA) (101 mg) and 3,4-dimethoxy cinnamic acid (DMCA) (87 mg) with potent anti-diabetic activity were extracted from the MeL of T. mysorensis leaves. Both DMBA (IC50 AG: 27.00 ± 1.05, IC50 AM: 12.15 ± 0.10, IC50 AR: 4.86 ± 0.30 μg/mL) and DMCA (IC50 AG: 27.25 ± 0.98, IC50 AM: 12.50 ± 0.20, IC50 AR: 5.00 ± 1.00 μg/mL) were subjected for enzyme inhibition. Since both compounds significantly inhibited AM, enzyme kinetics for AM inhibition was performed. The compounds also showed effective antioxidant potential (DPPH EC50: 30.50 ± 0.99, ABTS EC50: 27.86 ± 0.16, Superoxide EC50: 36.10 ± 0.24 μg/mL), and DMCA (DPPH EC50: 31.00 ± 1.00, ABTS EC50: 28.00 ± 0.25, Superoxide EC50: 36.25 ± 0.37 μg/mL). Further, to elucidate the role of DMBA and DMCA in enzyme inhibition and stability at the molecular level, both compounds were subjected for in silico enzyme inhibitory studies using molecular docking simulation, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and binding free energy calculations. Compared to AR and AG, AM was the most significantly inhibited enzyme (DMBA: -6.6 and DMCA: -7.8 kcal/mol), and compounds combined with AM were subjected to MD simulation. Both compounds were stable in the binding pocket of AM till 100 ns and chiefly use Van der Waal's energy to bind. Compared to the controls, both DMBA and DMCA had a higher efficiency in the inhibition of target enzymes in vitro and in silico. The presence of DMBA and DMCA is more likely to be associated with the potential of MeL in antihyperglycemic activity. This bio-computational study indicates DMBA and DMCA as potential lead inhibitors of AM and could be used as effective anti-diabetic drugs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Kokila
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - B Roopashree
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - K Mruthunjaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
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Ejeh S, Uzairu A, Shallangwa GA, Abechi SE, Ibrahim MT, Ramu R. Cheminformatics study of some indole compounds through QSAR modeling, ADME prediction, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation to identify novel inhibitors of HCV NS5B protease. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2023.100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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17
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Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Computational Studies of Novel Pyridazinone Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020678. [PMID: 36677736 PMCID: PMC9861222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel series of pyridazinone derivatives (3-17) were synthesized and characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), FT-IR spectroscopies, and ESI-MS methods. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin-resistant), Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Among the series, compounds 7 and 13 were found to be active against S. aureus (MRSA), P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii with the lowest MIC value range of 3.74-8.92 µM. Afterwards, DFT calculations of B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level were carried out to investigate geometry structures, frontier molecular orbital, molecular electrostatic potential maps, and gap energies of the synthesized compounds. In addition, the activities of these compounds against various bacterial proteins were compared with molecular-docking calculations. Finally, ADMET studies were performed to investigate the possibility of using of the target compounds as drugs.
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Maradesha T, Martiz RM, Patil SM, Prasad A, Babakr AT, Silina E, Stupin V, Achar RR, Ramu R. Integrated network pharmacology and molecular modeling approach for the discovery of novel potential MAPK3 inhibitors from whole green jackfruit flour targeting obesity-linked diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280847. [PMID: 36716329 PMCID: PMC9886246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigates the effectiveness of phytocompounds from the whole green jackfruit flour methanol extract (JME) against obesity-linked diabetes mellitus using integrated network pharmacology and molecular modeling approach. Through network pharmacology, druglikeness and pharmacokinetics, molecular docking simulations, GO analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy analyses, it aims to look into the mechanism of the JME phytocompounds in the amelioration of obesity-linked diabetes mellitus. There are 15 predicted genes corresponding to the 11 oral bioactive compounds of JME. The most important of these 15 genes was MAPK3. According to the network analysis, the insulin signaling pathway has been predicted to have the strongest affinity to MAPK3 protein, which was chosen as the target. With regard to the molecular docking simulation, the greatest notable binding affinity for MAPK3 was discovered to be caffeic acid (-8.0 kJ/mol), deoxysappanone B 7,3'-dimethyl ether acetate (DBDEA) (-8.2 kJ/mol), and syringic acid (-8.5 kJ/mol). All the compounds were found to be stable inside the inhibitor binding pocket of the enzyme during molecular dynamics simulation. During binding free energy calculation, all the compounds chiefly used Van der Waal's free energy to bind with the target protein (caffeic acid: 102.296 kJ/mol, DBDEA: -104.268 kJ/mol, syringic acid: -100.171 kJ/mol). Based on these findings, it may be inferred that the reported JME phytocompounds could be used for in vitro and in vivo research, with the goal of targeting MAPK3 inhibition for the treatment of obesity-linked diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Maradesha
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Reshma Mary Martiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashank M. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Prasad
- Department of Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdullatif Taha Babakr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery 1, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail:
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Shadakshari A, Suresha Kumara T, Kumar N, Jagadeep Chandra S, Anil Kumar K, Ramu R. Synthesis, Characterization, and biocomputational assessment of the novel 3-hydroxy-4-(phenyl(pyridin-2-ylamino) methyl)-2-naphthoic acid derivatives as potential dual inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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20
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Ajiboye B, Fagbola T, Folorunso I, Salami A, Aletile O, Akomolede B, Ayemoni F, Akinfemiwa K, Anwo V, Ojeleke M, Oyinloye B. In silico identification of chemical compounds in Spondias mombin targeting aldose reductase and glycogen synthase kinase 3β to abate diabetes mellitus. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Martiz RM, Patil SM, Thirumalapura Hombegowda D, Shbeer AM, Alqadi T, Al-Ghorbani M, Ramu R, Prasad A. Phyto-Computational Intervention of Diabetes Mellitus at Multiple Stages Using Isoeugenol from Ocimum tenuiflorum: A Combination of Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Modelling Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196222. [PMID: 36234759 PMCID: PMC9573403 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the anti-diabetic potential of Ocimum tenuiflorum was investigated using computational techniques for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase, and glycation at multiple stages. It aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which phytocompounds of O. tenuiflorum treat diabetes mellitus using concepts of druglikeness and pharmacokinetics, molecular docking simulations, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy studies. Isoeugenol is a phenylpropene, propenyl-substituted guaiacol found in the essential oils of plants. During molecular docking modelling, isoeugenol was found to inhibit all the target enzymes, with a higher binding efficiency than standard drugs. Furthermore, molecular dynamic experiments revealed that isoeugenol was more stable in the binding pockets than the standard drugs used. Since our aim was to discover a single lead molecule with a higher binding efficiency and stability, isoeugenol was selected. In this context, our study stands in contrast to other computational studies that report on more than one compound, making it difficult to offer further analyses. To summarize, we recommend isoeugenol as a potential widely employed lead inhibitor of α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase, and glycation based on the results of our in silico studies, therefore revealing a novel phytocompound for the effective treatment of hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Mary Martiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, India
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, India
| | - Shashank M. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, India
| | | | - Abdullah M. Shbeer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.S.); (R.R.); Tel.: +91-9986-380-920 (R.R.); Fax: +91-821-2548394 (R.R.)
| | - Taha Alqadi
- Department of Biology, Adham University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Madina 41477, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Thamar University, Thamar 425897, Yemen
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, India
- Correspondence: (A.M.S.); (R.R.); Tel.: +91-9986-380-920 (R.R.); Fax: +91-821-2548394 (R.R.)
| | - Ashwini Prasad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, India
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Multiprotein Inhibitory Effect of Dietary Polyphenol Rutin from Whole Green Jackfruit Flour Targeting Different Stages of Diabetes Mellitus: Defining a Bio-Computational Stratagem. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-diabetic potential of whole unripe jackfruit (peel with pulp, flake, and seed) was investigated using inhibitory assays for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase, and glycation at multiple stages. Using activity-guided repeated fractionation on a silica gel column chromatography, dietary flavonoid rutin with potent antihyperglycemic activity was extracted from the methanol extract of whole jackfruit flour (MJ). Rutin was found to inhibit both α-glucosidase (IC50: 7.86 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50: 22.00 µg/mL) in a competitive manner of inhibition with low Ki values. In addition, in vitro glycation experiments revealed that rutin prevented each stage of protein glycation as well as the production of intermediate molecules. Furthermore, rutin significantly inhibited aldose reductase (IC50: 2.75 µg/mL) in a non-competitive manner. During in silico studies, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies have suggested that rutin has a high binding affinity for the enzymes studied, which could explain its inhibitory effects. Rutin interacted with the key residues of the target enzymes’ inhibitor binding sites. Compared to the controls used, rutin had a higher binding efficiency as well as stability in the inhibitor binding pocket of the target enzymes. According to our findings, the presence of rutin is more likely to be associated with the potential of MJ in antihyperglycemic activity via inhibition of α-glucosidase and in anti-diabetic action via inhibition of the polyol pathway and protein glycation. The bio-computational study indicates rutin as a potential lead inhibitor of all the target enzymes used and could be used as an effective anti-diabetic drug in the near future.
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Computer-Aided Screening of Phytoconstituents from Ocimum tenuiflorum against Diabetes Mellitus Targeting DPP4 Inhibition: A Combination of Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, and Pharmacokinetics Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165133. [PMID: 36014373 PMCID: PMC9415412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major global health concern in the current scenario which is chiefly characterized by the rise in blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia. In the context, DPP4 enzyme plays a critical role in glucose homeostasis. DPP4 targets and inactivates incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) as physiological substrates, which are essential to regulate the amount of insulin that is secreted after eating. Since the inactivation of incretins occurs, the hyperglycemic conditions continue to rise, and result in adverse physiological conditions linked with diabetes mellitus. Hence, inhibition of DPP4 has been the center of focus in the present antidiabetic studies. Although few DPP4 inhibitor drugs, such as alogliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, and sitagliptin, are available, their adverse effects on human metabolism are undeniable. Therefore, it becomes essential for the phytochemical intervention of the disease using computational methods prior to performing in vitro and in vivo studies. In this regard, we used an in-silico approach involving molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy calculations to investigate the inhibitory potential of Ocimum tenuiflorum phytocompounds against DPP4. In this regard, three phytocompounds (1S-α-pinene, β-pinene, and dehydro-p-cymene) from O. tenuiflorum have been discovered as the potential inhibitors of the DPP4 protein. To summarize, from our in-silico experiment outcomes, we propose dehydro-p-cymene as the potential lead inhibitor of DPP4 protein, thereby discovering new a phytocompound for the effective management of hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus. The reported compound can be taken for in vitro and in vivo analyses in near future.
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Synthesis, Characterization, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, Crystal Structure and Molecular Modeling Studies of 1-(4-(Methoxy(phenyl)methyl)-2-methylphenoxy)butan-2-one Derivative as a Novel α-Glucosidase Inhibitor. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12070960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The crystal compound was synthesized and characterized using conventional analytical techniques. The compound C19H21O3 crystallizes in a monoclinic crystal system with the space group P21/c. The crystal structure is stabilized by C-H…O interactions. The structure is further reinforced by π-π interactions. During in vitro inhibition of α-glucosidase, the crystal compound exhibited a significant inhibition of the enzyme (IC50: 10.30 ± 0.25 µg/mL) in comparison with the control, acarbose (IC50: 12.00 ± 0.10 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies were carried out for the crystal compound with the α-glucosidase protein model, which demonstrated that the crystal molecule has a good binding affinity (−10.8 kcal/mol) compared with that of acarbose (−8.2 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations depicted the stability of the crystal molecule throughout the simulation period (100 ns). Further, a Hirshfeld analysis was carried out in order to understand the packing pattern and intermolecular interactions. The energy difference between the frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) was 4.95 eV.
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Discovery of Novel Coumarin Derivatives as Potential Dual Inhibitors against α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase for the Management of Post-Prandial Hyperglycemia via Molecular Modelling Approaches. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123888. [PMID: 35745030 PMCID: PMC9227442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Coumarin derivatives are proven for their therapeutic uses in several human diseases and disorders such as inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, fertility, and microbial infections. Coumarin derivatives and coumarin-based scaffolds gained renewed attention for treating diabetes mellitus. The current decade witnessed the inhibiting potential of coumarin derivatives and coumarin-based scaffolds against α-glucosidase and α-amylase for the management of postprandial hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is a condition where an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the bloodstream. It occurs when the body lacks enough insulin or is unable to correctly utilize it. With open-source and free in silico tools, we have investigated novel 80 coumarin derivatives for their inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase and α-amylase and identified a coumarin derivative, CD-59, as a potential dual inhibitor. The ligand-based 3D pharmacophore detection and search is utilized to discover diverse coumarin-like compounds and new chemical scaffolds for the dual inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. In this regard, four novel coumarin-like compounds from the ZINC database have been discovered as the potential dual inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase (ZINC02789441 and ZINC40949448 with scaffold thiophenyl chromene carboxamide, ZINC13496808 with triazino indol thio phenylacetamide, and ZINC09781623 with chromenyl thiazole). To summarize, we propose that a coumarin derivative, CD-59, and ZINC02789441 from the ZINC database will serve as potential lead molecules with dual inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, thereby discovering new drugs for the effective management of postprandial hyperglycemia. From the reported scaffold, the synthesis of several novel compounds can also be performed, which can be used for drug discovery.
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Defining the Role of Isoeugenol from Ocimum tenuiflorum against Diabetes Mellitus-Linked Alzheimer’s Disease through Network Pharmacology and Computational Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082398. [PMID: 35458596 PMCID: PMC9025232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study involves the integrated network pharmacology and phytoinformatics-based investigation of phytocompounds from Ocimum tenuiflorum against diabetes mellitus-linked Alzheimer’s disease. It aims to investigate the mechanism of the Ocimum tenuiflorum phytocompounds in the amelioration of diabetes mellitus-linked Alzheimer’s disease through network pharmacology, druglikeness and pharmacokinetics, molecular docking simulations, GO analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy analyses. A total of 14 predicted genes of the 26 orally bioactive compounds were identified. Among these 14 genes, GAPDH and AKT1 were the most significant. The network analysis revealed the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway to be a prominent pathway linked to GAPDH with 50.53% probability. Upon the molecular docking simulation with GAPDH, isoeugenol was found to possess the most significant binding affinity (−6.0 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation results also predicted that isoeugenol forms a stable protein–ligand complex with GAPDH, where the phytocompound is predicted to chiefly use van der Waal’s binding energy (−159.277 kj/mol). On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that isoeugenol from Ocimum tenuiflorum could be taken for further in vitro and in vivo analysis, targeting GAPDH inhibition for the amelioration of diabetes mellitus-linked Alzheimer’s disease.
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