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Radwan IT, El-Sherbiny IM, Metwally NH. Synergistic and potential antifungal properties of tailored, one pot multicomponent monoterpenes co-delivered with fluconazole encapsulated nanostructure lipid carrier. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14382. [PMID: 38909063 PMCID: PMC11193721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Frequent and variant infections are caused by the virtue of opportunistic fungi pathogens. Candidiasis, aspergillosis, and mucormycosis are pathogenic microorganisms that give rise to vast fungal diseases that alternate between moderate to fatal in severity. The use of fluconazole as an antifungal drug was limited due to the acquired resistance in some types of Candida and other fungal species. This study aims to consolidate fluconazole's biological effectiveness against several pathogenic fungi. Six active monoterpenes (MTs) of carvacrol, linalool, geraniol, α-terpinene, citronellal, and nerolidol were selected and encapsulated in nanostructure lipid carrier (NLC) with (NLC-Flu-MTs) and/without (NLC-MTs) fluconazole in one nanoformulation to determine if they will act synergistically or not? The synthesized nanoformulation NLC-Flu-MTs and NLC-MTs exhibited very good particle size of 144.5 nm and 138.6 nm for size and zeta potential values of (- 23.5 mV) and (- 20.3 mV), respectively. Transmission electron microscope investigation confirmed that the synthesized NLCs have regular and spherical shape. The abundance and concentration of the six released monoterpenes were determined, as a novel approach, using GC-MS with very good results and validity. In-vitro antifungal screening was done before and after nano co-delivery against seven pathogenic, and aggressive fungi of Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Geotrichum Candidum, Candidaalbicans, Aspergillus Niger, and mucor circinelloides. Inhibition Zone diameter (IZD) and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were measured. Nanoformulations NLC-Flu-MTs and NLC-MTs manifested potential and unique biological susceptibility against all the tested microorganisms with reduced (MIC) values, especially against Candida Tropicalis (MIC = 0.97 µg/ml) which represents 16-fold of the value shown by NLC-MTs (MIC = 15.6 µg/ml) and 64-fold of fluconazole free before nanoformulation (MIC = 62.5 µg/ml). The efficiency of nanomaterials, particularly NLC-Flu-MTs, has become evident in the diminishing value of MIC which affirmed the synergism between fluconazole and the other six monoterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Taha Radwan
- Supplementary General Sciences Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
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Radwan IT, Khater HF, Mohammed SH, Khalil A, Farghali MA, Mahmoud MG, Selim A, Manaa EA, Bagato N, Baz MM. Synthesis of eco-friendly layered double hydroxide and nanoemulsion for jasmine and peppermint oils and their larvicidal activities against Culex pipiens Linnaeus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6884. [PMID: 38519561 PMCID: PMC10959945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases represent a growing health challenge over time. Numerous potential phytochemicals are target-specific, biodegradable, and eco-friendly. The larvicidal activity of essential oils, a jasmine blend consisting of Jasmine oil and Azores jasmine (AJ) (Jasminum sambac and Jasminum azoricum) and peppermint (PP) Mentha arvensis and their nanoformulations against 2nd and 4th instar larvae of Culex pipiens, was evaluated after subjecting to different concentrations (62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm). Two forms of phase-different nanodelivery systems of layered double hydroxide LDH and oil/water nanoemulsions were formulated. The synthesized nanoemulsions showed particle sizes of 199 and 333 nm for AJ-NE and PP-NE, with a polydispersity index of 0.249 and 0.198, respectively. Chemical and physiochemical analysis of TEM, SEM, XRD, zeta potential, drug loading capacity, and drug release measurements were done to confirm the synthesis and loading efficiencies of essential oils' active ingredients. At high concentrations of AJ and PP nanoemulsions (2000 ppm), O/W nanoemulsions showed higher larval mortality than both LDH conjugates and crude oils. The mortality rate reached 100% for 2nd and 4th instar larvae. The relative toxicities revealed that PP nanoemulsion (MA-NE) was the most effective larvicide, followed by AJ nanoemulsion (AJ-NE). There was a significant increase in defensive enzymes, phenoloxidase, and α and β-esterase enzymes in the treated groups. After treatment of L4 with AJ, AJ-NE, PP, and PP-NE, the levels of phenoloxidase were 545.67, 731.00, 700.00, and 799.67 u/mg, respectively, compared with control 669.67 u/mg. The activity levels of α-esterase were 9.71, 10.32, 8.91, and 10.55 mg α-naphthol/min/mg protein, respectively. It could be concluded that the AJ-NE and PP-NE nanoformulations have promising larvicidal activity and could act as safe and effective alternatives to chemical insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Taha Radwan
- Supplementary General Sciences Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Hanem F Khater
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa H Mohammed
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar, University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelwahab Khalil
- Entomology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni -Suef, 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farghali
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab (NAMCL), Regional Center for Food & Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed G Mahmoud
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Eman A Manaa
- Animal and Poultry Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Noha Bagato
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), PO Box 11727, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Baz
- Departments of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.
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Baz MM, El-Shourbagy NM, Alkhaibari AM, Gattan HS, Alruhaili MH, Selim A, Radwan IT. Larvicidal activity of Acacia nilotica extracts against Culex pipiens and their suggested mode of action by molecular simulation docking. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6248. [PMID: 38486053 PMCID: PMC10940718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are one of the deadliest and most hazardous animals on Earth, where they transmit several diseases that kill millions of people annually. There is an ongoing search almost everywhere in the world for more effective and contemporary ways to control mosquitoes other than pesticides. Phytochemicals are affordable, biodegradable biological agents that specialize in eliminating pests that represent a risk to public health. The effectiveness of Acacia nilotica methanol and aqueous leaf extracts against 4th instar larvae was evaluated. The results revealed that the methanol extract of A. nilotica had a noticeable influence on the mortality rate of mosquito larvae, especially at high concentrations. Not only did the mortality rate rise significantly, but the hatching of the mosquito eggs was potentially suppressed.Terpenes, fatty acids, esters, glycosides, pyrrolidine alkane, piperazine, and phenols were the most prevalent components in the methanol extract, while the aqueous extract of A. nilotica exclusively showed the presence of fatty acids. The insecticidal susceptibility tests of both aqueous and alcoholic extract of A. nilotica confirmed that the Acacia plant could serves as a secure and efficient substitute for chemical pesticides because of its promising effect on killing larvae and egg hatching delaying addition to their safety as one of the natural pesticides. Molecular docking study was performed using one of the crucial and life-controlling protein targets, fatty acid binding protein (FABP) and the most active ingredients as testing ligands to describe their binding ability. Most of the structurally related compounds to the co-crystallized ligand, OLA, like hexadecanoic acid furnished high binding affinity to the target protein with very strong and stable intermolecular hydrogen bonding and this is quite similar to OLA itself. Some other structural non-related compounds revealed extraordinarily strong binding abilities like Methoxy phenyl piperazine. Most of the binding reactivities of the majortested structures are due to high structure similarity between the positive control, OLA, and tested compounds. Such structure similarity reinforced with the binding abilities of some detected compounds in the A. nilotica extract could present a reasonable interpretation for its insecticidal activity via deactivating the FABP protein. The FABP4 enzyme inhibition activity was assessed for of both methanolic and aqueous of acacia plant extract and the inhibition results of methanol extract depicted noticeable potency if compared to orlistat, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.681, and 0.535 µg/ml, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Baz
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.
| | - Nancy M El-Shourbagy
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mousa Alkhaibari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S Gattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Alruhaili
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelfattah Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Taha Radwan
- Supplementary General Sciences Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
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Hikal WM, Baz MM, Alshehri MA, Bahattab O, Baeshen RS, Selim AM, Alhwity L, Bousbih R, Alshourbaji MS, Ahl HAHSA. Sustainable Pest Management Using Novel Nanoemulsions of Honeysuckle and Patchouli Essential Oils against the West Nile Virus Vector, Culex pipiens, under Laboratory and Field Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3682. [PMID: 37960039 PMCID: PMC10650709 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are natural plant products that are very interesting, as they are important sources of biologically active compounds. They comprise eco-friendly alternatives to mosquito vector management, particularly essential oil nanoemulsion. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of 16 selected essential oils (1500 ppm) in controlling mosquitoes by investigating their larvicidal effects against the larvae and adults of the West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae); the best oils were turned into nanoemulsions and evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. The results show that honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium) and patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) essential oils were more effective in killing larvae than the other oils (100% mortality) at 24 h post-treatment. The nanoemulsions of honeysuckle (LC50 = 88.30 ppm) and patchouli (LC50 = 93.05 ppm) showed significantly higher larvicidal activity compared with bulk honeysuckle (LC50 = 247.72 ppm) and patchouli (LC50 = 276.29 ppm) oils. L. caprifolium and P. cablin (100% mortality), followed by Narcissus tazetta (97.78%), Rosmarinus officinalis (95.56%), and Lavandula angustifolia (95.55%), were highly effective oils in killing female mosquitoes, and their relative efficacy at LT50 was 5.5, 5.3, 5.8, 4.1, and 3.2 times greater, respectively, than Aloe vera. The results of the field study show that the honeysuckle and patchouli oils and their nanoemulsions reduced densities to 89.4, 86.5, 98.6, and 97.0% at 24 h post-treatment, respectively, with persistence for eight days post-treatment in pools. Nano-honeysuckle (100% mortality) was more effective than honeysuckle oils (98.0%). Our results show that honeysuckle and patchouli oils exhibited promising larvicidal and adulticidal activity of C. pipiens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa M. Hikal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (O.B.); (R.S.B.); (L.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Parasitology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Baz
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (O.B.); (R.S.B.); (L.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (O.B.); (R.S.B.); (L.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Rowida S. Baeshen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (O.B.); (R.S.B.); (L.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Abdelfattah M. Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Latifah Alhwity
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (O.B.); (R.S.B.); (L.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Rabaa Bousbih
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha Suleiman Alshourbaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (O.B.); (R.S.B.); (L.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Hussein A. H. Said-Al Ahl
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
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Radwan IT, Eltaly RI, Baz MM, Yousif M, Selim A, Taie HAA, Manaa EA, Khater HF. Novel acaricidal and growth-regulating activity of Aloe vera and Rheum rhabarbarum extracts and their oil/water nanoemulsions against the camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16802. [PMID: 37798348 PMCID: PMC10556011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyalomma dromedarii is an important tick species infesting livestock. This work evaluated the novel adulticidal, insect growth-regulating, and enzymatic efficacy of ethanol plant extracts of Aloe vera and Rheum rhabarbarum and their nanoemulsions against males and engorged females of the camel tick, H. dromedarii. The physicochemical properties of nanoemulsions were evaluated. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses indicated that the extracts contained polyphenols and flavonoids, which could enhance their acaricidal effect. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) of the nanoemulsions of A. vera and R. rhabarbarum were 196.7 and 291 nm, whereas their zeta potentials were - 29.1 and - 53.1 mV, respectively. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicated that nanoemulsions showed a regular spherical shape (less than 100 nm). Fifteen days post-treatment (PT) with 25%, the mortality% of A. vera and R. rhabarbarum were 88.5 and 96.2%, respectively. Five days PT, the median lethal concentration values of A. vera, R. rhabarbarum, and their nanoemulsions were 7.8, 7.1, 2.8, and 1.02%, respectively, and their toxicity indices were 91.02, 100, 36.4, and 100%, respectively. Their median lethal time values PT with 3.5% were 6.09, 5.09, 1.75, and 1.34 days, respectively. Nanoemulsions enhanced the efficacy of the crude extract 1-7 folds, 5 days PT, and accelerated their speed of killing ticks 2-4 times. The total protein and carbohydrates, Acetylcholinesterase, Alpha esterase, and Amylase were affected PT. The reproductive potential of engorged females was adversely impacted. In conclusion, the novel A. vera and R. rhabarbarum extracts were promising acaricides, and their nanoformulations enhanced their efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T Radwan
- Supplementary General Sciences Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Randa I Eltaly
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Baz
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yousif
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13736, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13736, Egypt
| | - Hanan A A Taie
- Plant Biochemistry Department, Agricultural and Biology Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman A Manaa
- Animal and Poultry Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, P.O. Box 13736, Toukh, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Hanem F Khater
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13736, Egypt.
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Marzok M, Alkashif K, Kandeel M, Salem M, Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Selim A. Seroprevalence of Rift Valley Fever virus in one-humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Egypt. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:345. [PMID: 37789189 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral disease that affects a variety of domestic animals, including cattle, sheep, goats, and camels, and has zoonotic potential. Although the rift valley fever virus (RVFV) is usually asymptomatic in camels, it can induce abortion in some pregnant animals. In the current study, a serosurvey was carried out to investigate the prevalence of RVFV antibodies and related risk factors in camels from four Egyptian governorates. A total of 400 serum samples were examined for anti-RVFV antibodies using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The results revealed that the overall prevalence of RVF among examined camels was 21.5% and the disease was more prevalent in Kafr ElSheikh governorate in Nile Delta of Egypt. In addition, the age group of camels with more than 5 years (OR=4.49, 95%CI: 1.39-14.49), the female sex (OR=3.38, 95%CI: 1.51-7.58), the emaciated animals (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 0.86-2.66), the summer season's infection (OR=5.98, 95%CI: 1.79-19.93), the presence of mosquitoes (OR= 2.88, 95%CI: 1.39-5.95), and the absence of mosquitoes control (OR=3.97, 95%CI: 2.09-7.57) were identified as risk factors for RVFV infection. The results of this study support knowledge on the risk factors for RVFV infection and demonstrate that camels raising in Egypt have RVFV antibodies. Quarantine measures or vaccination program should be implemented to reduce the likelihood of RVFV introduction, dissemination among susceptible animals, and ultimately transmission to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Khalid Alkashif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 82722, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr elsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Salem
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
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Gospodarek J, Krajewska A, Paśmionka IB. Contact and Gastric Effect of Peppermint Oil on Selected Pests and Aphid Predator Harmonia axyridis Pallas. Molecules 2023; 28:4647. [PMID: 37375201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peppermint essential oil (EO) has been extensively tested to date in reducing stored-product insects and insects of public health concern with very promising results, while only a few studies target important crop pests. There is also very little information on the effects of peppermint EO on non-target organisms, especially concerning contact and gastric effects at the same time. The goal of the investigation was the determination of the effect of peppermint EO on the mortality of Aphis fabae Scop.; the feeding intensity and weight gain of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. larvae; and the mortality and voracity of non-target organism Harmonia axyridis Pallas larvae. Our research indicates promising use for the M. piperita EO against aphids and young larvae (second instars) of the Colorado potato beetle. M. piperita EO showed good insecticidal efficacy against A. fabae with LC50 = 0.5442% for nymphs and 0.3768% for wingless females after 6 h. Over time, the LC50 value decreased. For the second instar larvae of L. decemlineata, the LC50 values were 0.6278%, 0.3449%, and 0.2020% after 1, 2, and 3 days of the experiment, respectively. On the other hand, older larvae (fourth instar) were characterized by significant resistance to the tested oil concentrations with LC50 value = 0.7289% after 96 h. M. piperita oil (contact and gastric effects) at a concentration of 0.5% was found to be toxic to young larvae (2 and 5 days old) of H. axyridis, while EO at a concentration of 1% was toxic to 8-day-old larvae. Thus, for the sake of ladybug safety, it would be advisable to use EO from M. piperita against aphids at concentrations lower than 0.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Gospodarek
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture, al. A. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krajewska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
| | - Iwona B Paśmionka
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture, al. A. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
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Baz MM, Khater HF, Baeshen RS, Selim A, Shaheen ES, El-Sayed YA, Salama SA, Hegazy MM. Novel Pesticidal Efficacy of Araucaria heterophylla and Commiphora molmol Extracts against Camel and Cattle Blood-Sucking Ectoparasites. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131682. [PMID: 35807634 PMCID: PMC9269226 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Botanical insecticides are promising pest control agents. This research investigated the novel pesticidal efficacy of Araucaria heterophylla and Commiphora molmol extracts against four ectoparasites through treated envelopes. Seven days post-treatment (PT) with 25 mg/mL of C. molmol and A. heterophylla, complete mortality of the camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii and cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus were reached. Against H. dromedarii, the median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of the methanol extracts were 1.13 and 1.04 mg/mL and those of the hexane extracts were 1.47 and 1.38 mg/mL, respectively. The LC50 values of methanol and hexane extracts against R. annulatus were 1.09 and 1.41 plus 1.55 and 1.08 mg/mL, respectively. Seven days PT with 12.5 mg/mL, extracts completely controlled Haematopinus eurysternus and Hippobosca maculata; LC50 of Ha. eurysternus were 0.56 and 0.62 mg/mL for methanol extracts and 0.55 and 1.00 mg/mL for hexane extracts, respectively, whereas those of Hi. maculata were 0.67 and 0.78 mg/mL for methanol extract and 0.68 and 0.32 mg/mL, respectively, for hexane extracts. C. molmol extracts contained sesquiterpene, fatty acid esters and phenols, whereas those of A. heterophylla possessed monoterpene, sesquiterpene, terpene alcohols, fatty acid, and phenols. Consequently, methanol extracts of C. molmol and A. heterophylla were recommended as ecofriendly pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Baz
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (Y.A.E.-S.); (M.M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-01063070572
| | - Hanem F. Khater
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Rowida S. Baeshen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelfattah Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Emad S. Shaheen
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yasser A. El-Sayed
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (Y.A.E.-S.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Salama A. Salama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Maysa M. Hegazy
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (Y.A.E.-S.); (M.M.H.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
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