1
|
Buthelezi LG, Mavengahama S, Sibiya J, Mchunu CN, Ntuli NR. Phytochemical composition of Lagenaria siceraria fruits from KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo, South Africa. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101338. [PMID: 38623516 PMCID: PMC11016956 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley is a food and medicinal source with anti-proliferative, anti-fertility, anti-HIV and anti-cancerous properties. The current study investigated the phytochemical constituents of L. siceraria fruits using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five isoprenoids present in all investigated landraces were 1-Dodecene, 2,3-Dimethyldodecane, E-15-Heptadecenal, Eicosane, and Tridecane, 6-propyl. Lighter metabolites such as 1-Dodecene and 2,3-Dimethyldodecane were recorded at a shorter retention time range of 9.08-16.29 min over a lower relative peak area ranging from 1.09 to 6.97%. However, heavier compounds (E-15-Heptadecenal, Eicosane and Tridecane, 6-propyl) had a longer retention time range of 13.42-18.00 mins over a higher relative peak area range of 2.25-11.41%. Cluster analysis grouped landraces into 5 clusters (I -V) according to their fruit and seed attributes, and isoprenoid units significant to each cluster. Terpenoids were the prominent phytochemicals present in fruits. This is the most comprehensive study on the fruit phytochemical constituents of different L. siceraria landraces to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lungelo Given Buthelezi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Sydney Mavengahama
- Food Security and Safety Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Julia Sibiya
- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa
| | - Charmaine Nontokozo Mchunu
- KZN Department of Agriculture & Rural Development, Soil Fertility and Analytical Services, 01 Cedara Road, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa
| | - Nontuthuko Rosemary Ntuli
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Osman SK, Yassin TM, Abdelzaher A, Ahmed F, Mohammed AM, Abdellatif AAH, Saleh KI, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Hamd MAE, Sarhan H. Self-assembling Organogels Loaded with Tenoxicam for Local Intensive Pain and Inflammation Cure: In Vitro and In Vivo Correlation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:18. [PMID: 38263347 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to tenoxicam (TX)'s poor aqueous solubility (0.072 mg/ml), it is poorly absorbable in the GIT, and the long-term oral administration of TX may cause severe GIT disturbances. Topical administration of TX can help in bypassing the GIT adverse effects. Therefore, in the present work, we constructed different pluronic/lecithin organogels (PLOs) for topical delivery of TX. PLO was constructed simply via direct mixing of an aqueous pluronic solution with lecithin solution. The prepared PLO formulations were characterized for their physicochemical properties including pH, drug content, visual inspection, viscosity, and spreadability. Also, the in vitro release and kinetic studies were carried out to investigate the mechanism of drug release. Moreover, the in vivo studies were carried out by investigating the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using albino male rats. The results showed that the modified PLOs have good physicochemical properties. The viscosity of the modified gels is a direct proportionality with both lecithin and pluronic concentrations. Also, subsequently, the drug release rate is directly proportional to gel viscosity. Moreover, the in vivo studies showed that the modified PLOs (F19) showed a significant ( < 0.05%) paw edema inhibition and pain analgesia compared with other investigated groups. Also, the results indicated that the increase in dose is accompanied by higher activity and a longer duration of action which extended to 12 h. Hence, the modified PLOs are promising safe candidates or vehicles for effective TX loading with sustained delivery behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaaban K Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Taher M Yassin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minofia University, Minofia, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid I Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
| | - Hatem Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Özakar E, Sevinç-Özakar R, Yılmaz B. Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Fast Dissolving Hydrogel Based Oral Thin Films Containing Pregabalin and Methylcobalamin. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020147. [PMID: 36826317 PMCID: PMC9957442 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral availability of many drugs is problematic due to the pH of the stomach, enzymes, and first-pass effects through the liver. However, especially geriatric, pediatric, bedridden, or mentally handicapped patients and those with dysphagia have difficulty swallowing or chewing solid dosage forms. Oral Thin Films (OTFs) are one of the new drug delivery systems that can solve these problems. Pregabalin (PG) and Methylcobalamin (MC), which are frequently preferred for pain originating in the central nervous system, were brought together for the first time using OTF technology in this study. In this study, a quantification method for PG and MC was developed and validated simultaneously. Optimum formulations were selected with organoleptic and morphological controls, moisture absorption capacity, swelling capacity, percent elongation, foldability, pH, weight variability, thickness, disintegration time, and transparency tests on OTFs prepared by the solvent pouring method. Content uniformity, dissolution rate, determination of release kinetics, SEM, XRD, FT-IR, DSC, long-term stability, and cytotoxicity studies on the tongue epithelial cell line (SCC-9) were performed on selected OTFs. As a result, OTFs containing PG-MC, which are non-toxic, highly flexible, transparent, compatible with intraoral pH, with fast disintegration time (<30 s), and acceptable in taste and appearance, have been developed successfully.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Özakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Rukiye Sevinç-Özakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-442-2315247
| | - Bilal Yılmaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|