1
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Nganso Ditchou YO, Leutcha PB, Miaffo D, Mamoudou H, Ali MS, Amang À Ngnoung GA, Soh D, Agrawal M, Darbawa R, Zondegoumba Nkwengoua Tchouboun E, Meli Lannang A, Siwe Noundou X. In vitro and in silico assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant potencies of secondary metabolites from Gymnema sylvestre. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117043. [PMID: 38941896 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the chemical constituents, antioxidant potential, and in vitro and in silico antidiabetic activity of Gymnema sylvestre. Column chromatography and spectroscopic techniques identified twelve compounds from the methanol extract, including 4 sterols (1-4), 5 triterpenoids (5-9), and 3 flavonoids (10-12). The chemophenetic significance of all compounds was also investigated. The antioxidant capacity of the extract and compounds (1-4) was evaluated using FRAP and DPPH assays. The extract exhibited strong free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 48.34 µg/mL), while compounds (1-4) displayed varying degrees of efficacy (IC50 = 98.30-286.13 µg/mL). The FRAP assay indicated significant reducing power for both extract and compounds (58.54, 47.61, 56.61, and 49.11 mg Eq.VitC/g for extract and compounds 1 & 2, 3, and 4, respectively). The antidiabetic potential was assessed through α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assays. The crude extract demonstrated the most potent inhibition (IC50 = 218.46 and 57.42 µg/mL for α-glucosidase and α-amylase respectively) suggesting its potential for managing postprandial hyperglycaemia. In silico studies employed molecular docking and dynamics simulations to elucidate the interactions between identified compounds and α-amylase/α-glucosidase enzymes. The results revealed promising binding affinities between the compounds and target enzymes, with compound 6 demonstrating the highest predicted inhibitory activity with -10 kcal/mol and -9.1 kcal/mol for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. This study highlights the presence of diverse bioactive compounds in Gymnema sylvestre. The extract exhibits antioxidant properties and inhibits carbohydrate-digesting enzymes, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapeutic approach for managing hyperglycaemia associated with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peron Bosco Leutcha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - David Miaffo
- Department of Life and Earth Science, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Hamadou Mamoudou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Mohd Sajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Désiré Soh
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39 Bambili, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Mohit Agrawal
- School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Rosalie Darbawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | | | - Alain Meli Lannang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Xavier Siwe Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa.
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2
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Ragab A, Salem MA, Ammar YA, Aboulthana WM, Helal MH, Abusaif MS. Explore new quinoxaline pharmacophore tethered sulfonamide fragments as in vitro α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with ADMET and molecular modeling simulation. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22216. [PMID: 38831547 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A new series of quinoxaline-sulfonamide derivatives 3-12 were synthesized using fragment-based drug design by reaction of quinoxaline sulfonyl chloride (QSC) with different amines and hydrazines. The quinoxaline-sulfonamide derivatives were evaluated for antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer's potential against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase enzymes. These derivatives showed good to moderate potency against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with inhibitory percentages between 24.34 ± 0.01%-63.09 ± 0.02% and 28.95 ± 0.04%-75.36 ± 0.01%, respectively. Surprisingly, bis-sulfonamide quinoxaline derivative 4 revealed the most potent activity with inhibitory percentages of 75.36 ± 0.01% and 63.09 ± 0.02% against α-glucosidase and α-amylase compared to acarbose (IP = 57.79 ± 0.01% and 67.33 ± 0.01%), respectively. Moreover, the quinoxaline derivative 3 exhibited potency as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory with a minute decline from compound 4 and acarbose with inhibitory percentages of 44.93 ± 0.01% and 38.95 ± 0.01%. Additionally, in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity for designed derivatives exhibited weak to moderate activity. Still, sulfonamide-quinoxaline derivative 3 emerged as the most active member with inhibitory percentage of 41.92 ± 0.02% compared with donepezil (IP = 67.27 ± 0.60%). The DFT calculations, docking simulation, target prediction, and ADMET analysis were performed and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail, Assir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Helal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Iqbal S, Farhanaz, Roohi, Zaheer MR, Shankar K, Hussain MK, Zia Q, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Gupta A. Visible-light promoted catalyst-free (VLCF) multi-component synthesis of spiro indolo-quinazolinone-pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine hybrids: evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity, molecular docking, MD simulation and DFT studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3145-3165. [PMID: 37227775 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new and highly efficient visible-light-promoted catalyst free (VLCF) strategy for neat and clean synthesis of spiro indolo-quinazolinone-pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine hybrids (6a-d) has been introduced. We have performed visible-light triggered 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of maleimide (5a-d) with azomethine ylide generated in situ derived from tryptanthrin (3) and L-proline (4) to obtain desired products (6a-d) in good to excellent yield. Authentication and characterization of product was done using various spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectrometry and single crystal XRD analysis. To explain the reaction spontaneity, product stability, reactivity as well as possible mode of the interaction a quantum chemical investigation was performed and depicted through DFT studies. The synthesized compound 6a was also evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against a panel of five cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, PC-3 and Ishikawa) and normal human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell line by using MTT assay. Compound 6a showed very good in vitro anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 6.58-17.98 μM) against four cancer cell lines and no cytotoxicity against normal HEK-293. In order to evaluate the anticancer potential of compounds 6a-d, molecular docking was performed against wild type and mutant EGFR. The results suggest that all the compounds occupied the active site of both enzymes, with a strong binding energy (-10.2 to -11.5 kcal/mol). These results have been confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation by evaluating root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), along with principal component analysis (PCA).Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Farhanaz
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Roohi
- Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Rehan Zaheer
- Department of Chemistry, R.M.P.S.P. Girls Post Graduate College, Basti, India
| | - Krapa Shankar
- Sun Pharmaceutical industries Ltd, Sarhaul, Sector 18, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Qamar Zia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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4
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Ghannay S, Aldhafeeri BS, Ahmad I, E.A.E. Albadri A, Patel H, Kadri A, Aouadi K. Identification of dual-target isoxazolidine-isatin hybrids with antidiabetic potential: Design, synthesis, in vitro and multiscale molecular modeling approaches. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25911. [PMID: 38380049 PMCID: PMC10877290 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In the development of novel antidiabetic agents, a novel series of isoxazolidine-isatin hybrids were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as dual α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. The precise structures of the synthesized scaffolds were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The obtained results were compared to those of the reference drug, acarbose (IC50 = 296.6 ± 0.825 μM for α-amylase & IC50 = 780.4 ± 0.346 μM for α-glucosidase). Among the title compounds, 5d exhibited impressive α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 30.39 ± 1.52 μM and 65.1 ± 3.11 μM, respectively, followed by 5h (IC50 = 46.65 ± 2.3 μM; IC50 = 85.16 ± 4.25 μM) and 5f (IC50 = 55.71 ± 2.78 μM; IC50 = 106.77 ± 5.31 μM). Mechanistic studies revealed that the most potent derivative 5d bearing the chloro substituent attached to the oxoindolin-3-ylidene core, and acarbose, are a competitive inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Structure activity relationship (SAR) was examined to guide further structural optimization of the most appropriate substituent(s). Moreover, drug-likeness qualities and ADMET prediction of the most active analogue, 5d was also performed. Subsequently, 5d was subjected to molecular docking and dynamic simulation during the progression of 120 ns analysis to check the essential ligand-receptor patterns, and to estimate its stability. In silico studies were found in good agreement with the in vitro enzymatic inhibitions results. In conclusion, we demonstrated that most potent compound 5d could be exploited as dual potential inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase for possible management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwar Ghannay
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Budur Saleh Aldhafeeri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abuzar E.A.E. Albadri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Adel Kadri
- Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Al-Baha University, P.O. Box (1988), Al-Baha, 65527, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science of Sfax, Department of Chemistry, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kaiss Aouadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity/CHPNR, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, Monastir, 5019, Tunisia
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5
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Maalaoui A, Agwamba EC, Louis H, Mathias GE, Rzaigui M, Akriche S. Combined Experimental and Computational Study of V-Substituted Lindqvist Polyoxotungstate: Screening by Docking for Potential Antidiabetic Activity. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14279-14290. [PMID: 37616561 PMCID: PMC10481374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, a novel vanadotungstate compound, (C6H9N2)4[V2W4O19]·2H2O (1), is isolated by a simple stepwise synthesis method and characterized by a combined experimental and computational study. Molecular docking is conducted for the first time for this kind of substituted Lindqvist polyoxometalates to elucidate for potential antidiabetic activity. Hence, the modeling results revealed a significant docking score of the reported compound to bind to the active sites of α-glucosidase with the lowest binding energy of -5.7 kcal/mol, where the standard drug acarbose (ACB) had -4.6 kcal/mol binding energy. The stability of binding was enhanced by strong H-bonding, van der Waals, and electrostatic interactions occurring in the three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular network of polyanionic vanadotungstate subunits templated with organic moieties as shown by X-ray diffraction and Hirshfeld analyses. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported with photophysical measurements are also discussed to predict the most chemical and biological reactivity. In this view, the complete description of electronic and biological features of (1) is enhanced by determination of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)/least unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy, electronic density, ionization potential, electron affinity, etc. These chemical descriptors, intermolecular interactions, docking score, and binding free energy estimation are essential in understanding the reactivity of this bioactive compound offering potential inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Maalaoui
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences
of Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Ernest C. Agwamba
- Department
of Chemistry, Covenant University, Idiroko Road, P.M.B, Ota 1023, Ogun
State, Nigeria
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
| | - Gideon E. Mathias
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar 540221, Nigeria
| | - Mohamed Rzaigui
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences
of Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Samah Akriche
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences
of Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
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