1
|
Zhao T, Lin F, Dong Y, Wang M, Ning D, Hao X, Hao J, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Zhao Y, Luo J, Lu J, Wang B. Lattice Matching and Microstructure of the Aromatic Amide Fatty Acid Salts Nucleating Agent on the Crystallization Behavior of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate. Molecules 2024; 29:3100. [PMID: 38999052 PMCID: PMC11242935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To solve the decrease in the crystallization, mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) during mechanical recycling, the aromatic amide fatty acid salt nucleating agents Na-4-ClBeAmBe, Na-4-ClBeAmGl and Na-4-ClAcAmBe were synthesized and the rPET/nucleating agent blend was prepared by melting blending. The molecular structure, the thermal stability, the microstructure and the crystal structure of the nucleating agent were characterized in detail. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) result indicated that the addition of the nucleating agent improved the crystallization temperature and accelerated the crystallization rate of the rPET. The nucleation efficiencies (NE) of the Na-4-ClBeAmBe, Na-4-ClBeAmGl and Na-4-ClAcAmBe were increased by 87.2%, 87.3% and 41.7% compared with rPET which indicated that Na-4-ClBeAmBe and Na-4-ClBeAmGl, with their long-strip microstructures, were more conducive to promoting the nucleation of rPET. The equilibrium melting points (Tm0) of rPET/Na-4-ClBeAmBe, rPET/Na-4-ClBeAmGl and rPET/Na-4-ClAcAmBe were increased by 11.7 °C, 18.6 °C and 1.9 °C compared with rPET, which illustrated that the lower mismatch rate between rPET and Na-4-ClBeAmGl (0.8% in b-axis) caused Na-4-ClBeAmGl to be the most capable in inducing the epitaxial crystallization and orient growth along the b-axis direction of the rPET. The small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXS) result proved this conclusion. Meanwhile, the addition of Na-4-ClBeAmGl caused the clearest increase in the rPET of its flexural strength and heat-distortion temperature (HDT) at 20.4% and 46.7%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Fuhua Lin
- School of Traffic Engineering, Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology, Jinzhong 030619, China;
| | - Yapeng Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Meizhen Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Dingyi Ning
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Xinyu Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jialiang Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yanli Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yuying Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jun Luo
- Guangzhou Fibre Product Testing and Research Institute, Guangzhou 510220, China;
| | - Jingqiong Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (T.Z.); (Y.D.); (M.W.); (D.N.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Y, Song R, Pan R, Zhang M, Liu L. Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Carbonate Masterbatch-Alkali Soluble Polyester/Polyester Porous Fiber via Melt Spinning. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:160. [PMID: 38204014 PMCID: PMC10779848 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Porous fibers have gained significant attention for their lightweight and high porosity properties in applications such as insulation and filtration. However, the challenge remains in the development of cost-effective, high-performance, and industrially viable porous fibers. In this paper, porous fibers were fabricated through the melt spinning of an alkali soluble polyester (COPET)- CaCO3 masterbatch and PET slice. Controlled alkali and acid post-treatment techniques were employed to create porous structures within the fibers. The effects on the morphology, mechanical, thermodynamic, crystallinity, pore size, and thermal stability were investigated. The results indicate that the uniform dispersion of CaCO3 particles within the fiber matrix acts as nucleating agents during the granulation process, improving the thermal resistance and strength of the porous fiber. In addition, the porous fiber prepared by COPET/CaCO3 to PET with an 85/15 ratio and post-treated on 4% NaOH and 3% HCl exhibits a "spongy body" with uniformly small pores, favorable strength (2.71 cN/dtex), and elongation at break (47%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meiling Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.Z.); (R.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Lifang Liu
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.Z.); (R.S.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|