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Manoudis PN, Zuburtikudis I, Konstantopoulos G, Khalifeh HA, Kottaridi C, Karapanagiotis I. Superhydrophobicity, Photocatalytic Self-Cleaning and Biocidal Activity Combined in a Siloxane-ZnO Composite for the Protection of Limestone. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:573. [PMID: 39329595 PMCID: PMC11429561 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9090573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The erosion phenomena of the natural stone in cultural heritage are induced by various sources. Consequently, the development of multifunctional protective materials that combine two or more useful properties is an effective strategy in addressing the synergistic effects of various erosion mechanisms. A multifunctional coating, consisting of a silane-based precursor and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), is produced and tested for the protection of limestone. The hybrid coating combines the following three properties: superhydrophobicity, including water-repellency, photocatalytic self-cleaning and biocidal activity. The relative concentration of the NPs (0.8% w/w), used for the suggested composite coating, is carefully selected according to wetting studies, colourimetric measurements and durability (tape peeling) tests. The non-wetting state is evidenced on the surface of the composite coating by the large contact angle of water drops (≈153°) and the small contact angle hysteresis (≈5°), which gives rise to a physical self-cleaning scenario (lotus effect). The photocatalytic chemical self-cleaning is shown with the removal of methylene blue, induced by UV-A radiation. Moreover, it is shown that the suggested coating hinders the incubation of E. coli and S. aureus, as the inhibitions are 94.8 and 99.9%, respectively. Finally, preliminary studies reveal the chemical stability of the suggested coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis Zuburtikudis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi University (ADU), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Hadil Abu Khalifeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi University (ADU), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Christine Kottaridi
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Sonaglia E, Schifano E, Sharbaf M, Uccelletti D, Felici AC, Santarelli ML. Bacterial Nanocellulose Hydrogel for the Green Cleaning of Copper Stains from Marble. Gels 2024; 10:150. [PMID: 38391480 PMCID: PMC10887925 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cultural heritage stone materials frequently experience significant discoloration induced by copper corrosion products, especially calcareous stones associated with bronze or copper statues and architectural elements. This alteration originates from the corrosion of unprotected copper, resulting in the formation of various Cu minerals and the migration of soluble ions to adjacent stone materials. Traditional cleaning methods involve mechanical, chemical, and laser techniques, which are generally time-consuming, costly, not ecological, or can possibly damage original materials. The loading of highly effective chelating agents, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), into hydrogels has recently been exploited. However, the preference for synthetic hydrogels has been prominent until now, although they lack renewability and biodegradability and require high costs. This study explores for the first time the potential to clean copper corrosion with bacterial nanocellulose (BC) loaded with EDTA as a biologically based, sustainable, and biodegradable hydrogel. The BC hydrogel was characterised by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), simultaneous thermal analysis (TG-DSC), and tensile testing. It revealed a nano-fibrous structure with high crystallinity and purity and mechanical properties suitable for cultural heritage applications. The EDTA-loaded hydrogel effectively removed copper stains from marble after 120 min of application. Micro-Raman and colorimetric analyses assessed the cleaning efficacy. The study introduces bacterial nanocellulose as a green and effective alternative for heritage conservation, aligning with sustainable methodologies in stone conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Sonaglia
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Emily Schifano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Mohammad Sharbaf
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Candida Felici
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Antonio Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Santarelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
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Wang C, Chen L, Xu J, Zhang L, Yang X, Zhang X, Zhang C, Gao P, Zhu L. Environmental behaviors and toxic mechanisms of engineered nanomaterials in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117820. [PMID: 38048867 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are inevitably released into the environment with the exponential application of nanotechnology. Parts of ENMs eventually accumulate in the soil environment leading to potential adverse effects on soil ecology, crop production, and human health. Therefore, the safety application of ENMs on soil has been widely discussed in recent years. More detailed safety information and potential soil environmental risks are urgently needed. However, most of the studies on the environmental effects of metal-based ENMs have been limited to single-species experiments, ecosystem processes, or abiotic processes. The present review formulated the source and the behaviors of the ENMs in soil, and the potential effects of single and co-exposure ENMs on soil microorganisms, soil fauna, and plants were introduced. The toxicity mechanism of ENMs to soil organisms was also reviewed including oxidative stress, the release of toxic metal ions, and physical contact. Soil properties affect the transport, transformation, and toxicity of ENMs. Toxic mechanisms of ENMs include oxidative stress, ion release, and physical contact. Joint toxic effects occur through adsorption, photodegradation, and loading. Besides, future research should focus on the toxic effects of ENMs at the food chain levels, the effects of ENMs on plant whole-lifecycle, and the co-exposure and long-term toxicity effects. A fast and accurate toxicity evaluation system and model method are urgently needed to solve the current difficulties. It is of great significance for the sustainable development of ENMs to provide the theoretical basis for the ecological risk assessment and environmental management of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqi Wang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Le'an Chen
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, United States
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
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Ślosarczyk A, Klapiszewska I, Parus A, Lubianiec O, Klapiszewski Ł. Alkali-Activated Materials Doped with ZnO: Physicomechanical and Antibacterial Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6224. [PMID: 37763502 PMCID: PMC10532905 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The requirements related to reducing the carbon footprint of cement production have directed the attention of researchers to the use of waste materials such as blast-furnace slag or fly ashes, either as a partial replacement for cement clinker or in the form of new alternative binders. This paper presents alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based on blast-furnace slag partially replaced with fly ash, metakaolin, or zeolite, activated with water glass or water glass with a small amount of water, and doped with zinc oxide. The mortars were tested for flow, hydration heat, mechanical strength, microstructure, and antimicrobial activity. The obtained test results indicate the benefits of adding water, affecting the fluidity and generating a less porous microstructure; however, the tested hydration heat, strength, and antibacterial properties are related to more favorable properties in AAMs produced on water glass alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ślosarczyk
- Institute of Building Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (O.L.)
| | - Izabela Klapiszewska
- Institute of Building Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (O.L.)
| | - Anna Parus
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Olga Lubianiec
- Institute of Building Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (O.L.)
| | - Łukasz Klapiszewski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland;
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Otero J, Borsoi G, Monasterio-Guillot L. The Boom in Nanomaterials for Built Heritage Conservation: Why Does Size Matter? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16083277. [PMID: 37110112 PMCID: PMC10146857 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is no doubt that nanotechnology and nanoscience open new doors to new applications and products that can potentially revolutionize the practice field and how we conserve built heritage materials. However, we are living at the beginning of this era and the potential benefits of nanotechnology to specific conservation practice needs are not always fully understood. This opinion/review paper aims to present reflections and answer a question that we are often asked when working directly with stone field conservators: why should we use a nanomaterial instead of a conventional product? Why does size matter? To answer this question, we revise the basic concepts of nanoscience with implications for the built heritage conservation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Otero
- Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Giovanni Borsoi
- CERIS, Technical University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis Monasterio-Guillot
- Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ISTerre, University of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Schifano E, Cavoto G, Pandolfi F, Pettinari G, Apponi A, Ruocco A, Uccelletti D, Rago I. Plasma-Etched Vertically Aligned CNTs with Enhanced Antibacterial Power. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1081. [PMID: 36985974 PMCID: PMC10054568 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria represents a growing threat to public health, and it calls for the development of alternative antibacterial approaches not based on antibiotics. Here, we propose vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs), with a properly designed nanomorphology, as effective platforms to kill bacteria. We show, via a combination of microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, the ability to tailor the topography of VA-CNTs, in a controlled and time-efficient manner, by means of plasma etching processes. Three different varieties of VA-CNTs were investigated, in terms of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: one as-grown variety and two varieties receiving different etching treatments. The highest reduction in cell viability (100% and 97% for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively) was observed for the VA-CNTs modified using Ar and O2 as an etching gas, thus identifying the best configuration for a VA-CNT-based surface to inactivate both planktonic and biofilm infections. Additionally, we demonstrate that the powerful antibacterial activity of VA-CNTs is determined by a synergistic effect of both mechanical injuries and ROS production. The possibility of achieving a bacterial inactivation close to 100%, by modulating the physico-chemical features of VA-CNTs, opens up new opportunities for the design of self-cleaning surfaces, preventing the formation of microbial colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Schifano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologia “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- SNN Lab, Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-Science Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Cavoto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Pettinari
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR-IFN, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Apponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Degli Studi Roma Tre and INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ruocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Degli Studi Roma Tre and INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologia “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- SNN Lab, Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-Science Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rago
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
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7
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Moradienayat M, González-Benito J, Olmos D. Airbrushed PSF/ZnO Composite Coatings as a Novel Approach for the Consolidation of Historical Bones. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:625. [PMID: 36838993 PMCID: PMC9965243 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the preparation and characterization of films based on polysulfone (PSF) filled with zinc oxide, ZnO, nanoparticles (NPs) are conducted. The novelty of this research mainly relies on two points: (i) the use of a commercial airbrush to prepare or modify materials, and (ii) the design of new materials (nanocomposites) for the consolidation and restoration of historical bones. To accomplish these objectives, free-standing thin films and ancient bone coatings of PSF/ZnO nanocomposites with different particle contents (0%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%, % wt) are prepared using a commercial airbrush. Mechanical characterization is carried out to correlate properties between free-standing thin films and coatings, thus understanding the final performance of the coatings as consolidants for ancient bones. Thin films of PSF/ZnO show that the elastic modulus (E) increases with particle content. The mechanical behavior of the surfaces of the treated and untreated bones is studied locally using Martens hardness measurements. Maximum values of Martens hardness are obtained for the bone samples treated with polysulfone filled with 1% ZnO nanoparticles (HM = 850 N·mm-2) or 2% ZnO (HM = 625 N·mm-2) compared to those treated just with neat PSF (HM = 282 N·mm-2) or untreated bone (HM = 140 N·mm-2), indicating there is a correspondence between rigidity of free-standing films and hardness of the corresponding coatings. In terms of mechanical performance, it is demonstrated the existence of a balance between nanoparticle concentration and probability of nanoparticle aggregation, which allows better material design for ancient bones consolidation.
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Puspasari V, Ridhova A, Hermawan A, Amal MI, Khan MM. ZnO-based antimicrobial coatings for biomedical applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1421-1445. [PMID: 35608710 PMCID: PMC9127292 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapid transmission of infectious microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria through person-to-person contact has contributed significantly to global health issues. The high survivability of these microorganisms on the material surface enumerates their transmissibility to the susceptible patient. The antimicrobial coating has emerged as one of the most interesting technologies to prevent growth and subsequently kill disease-causing microorganisms. It offers an effective solution a non-invasive, low-cost, easy-in-use, side-effect-free, and environmentally friendly method to prevent nosocomial infection. Among antimicrobial coating, zinc oxide (ZnO) stands as one of the excellent materials owing to zero toxicity, high biocompatibility to human organs, good stability, high abundancy, affordability, and high photocatalytic performance to kill various infectious pathogens. Therefore, this review provides the latest research progress on advanced applications of ZnO nanostructure-based antibacterial coatings for medical devices, biomedical applications, and health care facilities. Finally, future challenges and clinical practices of ZnO-based antibacterial coating are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinda Puspasari
- Research Center for Metallurgy, National Research and Innovation Agency, PUSPIPTEK Gd. 470, South Tangerang, Banten, 15315, Indonesia
| | - Aga Ridhova
- Research Center for Metallurgy, National Research and Innovation Agency, PUSPIPTEK Gd. 470, South Tangerang, Banten, 15315, Indonesia
| | - Angga Hermawan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, Banten, 15315, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Ikhlasul Amal
- Research Center for Metallurgy, National Research and Innovation Agency, PUSPIPTEK Gd. 470, South Tangerang, Banten, 15315, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Mansoob Khan
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam.
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Su G, Zhong X, Qiu S, Fan J, Zhou H, Zhou X. Preparation of mesoporous silica-based nanocomposites with synergistically antibacterial performance from nano-metal (oxide) and polydopamine. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:155702. [PMID: 34959229 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel antibacterial nanocomposite system was developed using mesoporous silica (MSN) as an effective nanocarrier, and the resultant nanocomposites demonstrated remarkable antibacterial performance due to the synergistic effect among nano zinc oxides, silver nanoparticles, and polydopamine (PDA). The successful synthesis of MSN/ZnO@PDA/Ag nanocomposites was confirmed. The physicochemical properties and the morphologies of these nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that the particle size increased along with the evolution of these nanocomposites. Besides, nano zinc oxides were formed in the nanochannels of mesoporous silica with a particle size about 2 nm, and that of silver nanoparticle was less than 50 nm. In addition, the results revealed that the presence of mesoporous silica could effectively prevent the formation of large-size silver nanoparticles and facilitate their well dispersion. Due to the synergistic effect among nano zinc oxides, silver nanoparticles, and polydopamine, these nanocomposites exhibited remarkable antibacterial performance even at a low concentration of 313 ppm, and the antibacterial mechanism was also elucidated. Therefore, this work provides a facile and controllable approach to preparing synergistically antibacterial nanocomposites, and the remarkable antibacterial performance make them suitable for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Su
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximing Zhong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Songfa Qiu
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajin Fan
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Zhou
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, People's Republic of China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Mao Ming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China
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Leuconostoc mesenteroides Strains Isolated from Carrots Show Probiotic Features. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112290. [PMID: 34835416 PMCID: PMC8618143 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) share several beneficial effects on human organisms, such as bioactive metabolites’ release, pathogens’ competition and immune stimulation. This study aimed at determining the probiotic potential of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria isolated from carrots. In particular, the work reported the characterization at the species level of four LAB strains deriving from carrots harvested in Fucino highland, Abruzzo (Italy). Ribosomal 16S DNA analysis allowed identification of three strains belonging to Leuconostoc mesenteroides and a Weissella soli strain. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the probiotic potential of the different isolates. Among them, L. mesenteroides C2 and L. mesenteroides C7 showed high survival percentages under in vitro simulated gastro-intestinal conditions, antibiotic susceptibly and the ability to inhibit in vitro growth against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. In parallel, the simple model Caenorhabditis elegans was used for in vivo screenings. L. mesenteroides C2 and L. mesenteroides C7 strains significantly induced pro-longevity effects, protection from pathogens’ infection and innate immunity stimulation. Overall, these results showed that some autochthonous LAB from vegetables such as carrots have functional features to be considered as novel probiotic candidates.
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