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Zhu K, Li Y, Huan D, Liu H, Li Z, Jin Y, Zhu C. Effect of Novel Compound Redox Initiators on Polymerization Mechanism and Mechanical Properties of Acrylic Resin. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300579. [PMID: 37984501 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of long reaction time and the risk of explosion polymerization of acrylate resin, a small amount of ferrocene (Fc) is added to the existing dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO)/N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) initiators, and the compound redox initiators (BPO/DMA/ (Fc)) are proposed for acrylate resin polymerization at room temperature. The effect of the content of Fc in the resin on the reaction efficiency and the molding quality of products is researched, and the initiation mechanism of the compound redox initiators is analyzed. It is found that with the addition of Fc, the reaction time of the resin can be shortened by 68% at maximum, the heat release temperature of the resin can be reduced by 40% at maximum, the molecular weight of the reaction products can be increased by 74% at maximum, the tensile and bending properties of the resin castings are increased by 23% and 35% at maximum, respectively, and the bending strength and bending modulus are increased by 57% and 27% at maximum, respectively. The compound redox initiators proposed in this paper can improve the molding efficiency and quality of the product, lay a foundation for the application of acrylic resin in the field of pultrusion molding, perfusion molding, and other in situ molding of thermoplastic composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research of Wind Turbine Design, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
| | - Dajun Huan
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research of Wind Turbine Design, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210001, P. R. China
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Tsakiridou M, Tsagkalias I, Papi RM, Achilias DS. Synthesis of Novel Nanocomposite Materials with Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity based on Poly(Ethylene Glycol Methacrylate)s with Ag, TiO 2 or ZnO Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:291. [PMID: 38334562 PMCID: PMC10857080 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to prepare novel hybrid materials with enhanced antimicrobial properties to be used in food preservation and packaging applications. Therefore, nanocomposite materials were synthesized based on two stimuli-responsive oligo(ethylene glycol methacrylate)s, namely PEGMA and PEGMEMA, the first bearing hydroxyl side groups with three different metal nanoparticles, i.e., Ag, TiO2 and ZnO. The in situ radical polymerization technique was employed to ensure good dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. FTIR spectra identified the successful preparation of the corresponding polymers and XRD scans revealed the presence of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. In the polymer bearing hydroxyl groups, the presence of Ag-NPs led to slightly lower thermal stability as measured by TGA, whereas both ZnO and TiO2 led to nanomaterials with better thermal stability. The antimicrobial activity of all materials was determined against the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the Gram-positive S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus. PEGMEMA nanocomposites had much better antimicrobial activity compared to PEGMA. Ag NPs exhibited the best inhibition of microbial growth in both polymers with all four bacteria. Nanocomposites with TiO2 showed a very good inhibition percentage when used in PEGMEMA-based materials, while in PEGMA material, high antimicrobial activity was observed only against E. coli and B. subtilis, with moderate activity against B. cereus and almost absent activity against S. aureus. The presence of ZnO showed antimicrobial activity only in the case of PEGMEMA-based materials. Differences observed in the antibacterial activity of the polymers with the different nanoparticles could be attributed to the different structure of the polymers and possibly the more efficient release of the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melpomeni Tsakiridou
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Ioannis Tsagkalias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Rigini M. Papi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.)
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Salmas CE, Giannakas AE, Moschovas D, Kollia E, Georgopoulos S, Gioti C, Leontiou A, Avgeropoulos A, Kopsacheili A, Avdylaj L, Proestos C. Kiwi Fruits Preservation Using Novel Edible Active Coatings Based on Rich Thymol Halloysite Nanostructures and Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Gels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120823. [PMID: 36547348 PMCID: PMC9777596 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of this study is the replacement of previous fossil-based techniques for food packaging and food shelf-life extension, with novel more green processes and materials following the spirit of circular economy and the global trend for environmentally positive fingerprints. A novel adsorption process to produce thymol-halloysite nanohybrids is presented in this work. The high dispersion of this thymol-halloysite nanostructure in chitosan biopolymer is one of the goals of this study. The incorporation of this biodegradable matrix with poly-vinyl-alcohol produced a very promising food-packaging film. Mechanical, water-oxygen barrier, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties were measured. Transparency levels were also tested using a UV-vis instrument. Moreover, the developed films were tested in-vivo for the preservation and the extension of the shelf-life of kiwi fruits. In all cases, results indicated that the increased fraction of thymol from thyme oil significantly enhances the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the prepared chitosan-poly-vinyl- alcohol gel. The use of the halloysite increases the mechanical and water-oxygen barrier properties and leads to a control release process of thymol which extends the preservation and the shelf-life of kiwi fruits. Finally, the results indicated that the halloysite improves the properties of the chitosan/poly-vinyl-alcohol films, and the thymol makes them further advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos E. Salmas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.E.S.); (A.E.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Aris E. Giannakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 30100 Agrinio, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.E.S.); (A.E.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Moschovas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Kollia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Georgopoulos
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Christina Gioti
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Areti Leontiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Kopsacheili
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Learda Avdylaj
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.E.S.); (A.E.G.); (C.P.)
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Wang X, Li C, Guo X, Wang Z, Cheng R, Xu T, Li Y, Wang J, Xu H. Preparation of Pd Nanoparticles Stabilized by Modified Montmorillonite for Efficient Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin-Derived Phenolic Compounds in Water. Front Chem 2022; 10:961814. [PMID: 35991592 PMCID: PMC9388857 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.961814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing a new and efficient catalytic route for the production of alkanes by upgrading the aqueous phenolic biofuels still remains a challenge. Here, we designed and synthesized a bifunctional catalyst that uses natural montmorillonite (MMT) as support and combines metal active sites and Brӧnsted acid sites in the MMT via ion exchange and reduction roasting process. The catalytic activity of the as-synthesized Pd-MMT (H+) was evaluated by the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of a series of lignin-derived phenolic compounds in water. Our model reaction study reveals that the HDO of phenol undergoes an initial hydrogenation of aromatic rings to produce cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, followed by the dehydration of cyclohexanol to provide intermediate cyclohexene and a final hydrogenation of cyclohexene to create a cyclohexane product. The combination of high metal catalytic activity and Brӧnsted acidity in Pd-MMT (H+) synergistically accelerated the HDO of phenol. Furthermore, good catalytic activity and recycling ability were also observed for other lignin-derived phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Child Cognition and Behavior Development of Hainan Province, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Chi Li
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Xinyuan Guo
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Ruijing Cheng
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Tianwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Child Cognition and Behavior Development of Hainan Province, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - YiYing Li
- College of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: YiYing Li, ; Jinhui Wang, ; Huanjun Xu,
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Child Cognition and Behavior Development of Hainan Province, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: YiYing Li, ; Jinhui Wang, ; Huanjun Xu,
| | - Huanjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Child Cognition and Behavior Development of Hainan Province, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: YiYing Li, ; Jinhui Wang, ; Huanjun Xu,
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Siddiqui MN, Redhwi HH, Tsagkalias I, Vouvoudi EC, Achilias DS. Development of Bio-Composites with Enhanced Antioxidant Activity Based on Poly(lactic acid) with Thymol, Carvacrol, Limonene, or Cinnamaldehyde for Active Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213652. [PMID: 34771206 PMCID: PMC8588526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The new trend in food packaging films is to use biodegradable or bio-based polymers, such as poly(lactic acid), PLA with additives such as thymol, carvacrol, limonene or cinnamaldehyde coming from natural resources (i.e., thyme, oregano, citrus fruits and cinnamon) in order to extent foodstuff shelf-life and improve consumers’ safety. Single, triple and quadruple blends of these active compounds in PLA were prepared and studied using the solvent-casting technique. The successful incorporation of the active ingredients into the polymer matrix was verified by FTIR spectroscopy. XRD and DSC data revealed that the crystallinity of PLA was not significantly affected. However, the Tg of the polymer decreased, verifying the plasticization effect of all additives. Multicomponent mixtures resulted in more intense plasticization. Cinnamaldehyde was found to play a catalytic role in the thermal degradation of PLA shifting curves to slightly lower temperatures. Release of thymol or carvacrol from the composites takes place at low rates at temperatures below 100 °C. A combined diffusion-model was found to simulate the experimental release profiles very well. Higher antioxidant activity was noticed when carvacrol was added, followed by thymol and then cinnamaldehyde and limonene. From the triple-component composites, higher antioxidant activity measured in the materials with thymol, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nahid Siddiqui
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Halim Hamid Redhwi
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ioannis Tsagkalias
- Lab of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (E.C.V.)
| | - Evangelia C. Vouvoudi
- Lab of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (E.C.V.)
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Lab of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (E.C.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-997822
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Röcker B, Mäder G, Monnard FW, Jancikova M, Welker M, Schoelkopf J, Yildirim S. Evaluation of the Potential of Modified Calcium Carbonate as a Carrier for Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Oxygen Scavenging Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14175000. [PMID: 34501090 PMCID: PMC8434065 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Modified calcium carbonates (MCC) are inorganic mineral-based particles with a large surface area, which is enlarged by their porous internal structure consisting of hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate crystal structures. Such materials have high potential for use as carriers for active substances such as oxygen scavenging agents. Oxygen scavengers are applied to packaging to preserve the quality of oxygen-sensitive products. This study investigated the potential of MCC as a novel carrier system for unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), with the intention of developing an oxygen scavenger. Linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA) were loaded on MCC powder, and the loaded MCC particles were characterized and studied for their oxygen scavenging activity. For both LA and OA, amounts of 20 wt% loading on MCC were found to provide optimal surface area/volume ratios. Spreading UFAs over large surface areas of 31.6 and 49 m2 g−1 MCC enabled oxygen exposure and action on a multitude of molecular sites, resulting in oxygen scavenging rates of 12.2 ± 0.6 and 1.7 ± 0.2 mL O2 d−1 g−1, and maximum oxygen absorption capacities of >195.6 ± 13.5 and >165.0 ± 2.0 mL g−1, respectively. Oxygen scavenging activity decreased with increasing humidity (37–100% RH) and increased with rising temperatures (5–30 °C). Overall, highly porous MCC was concluded to be a suitable UFA carrier for oxygen scavenging applications in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Röcker
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Campus Reidbach, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (B.R.); (G.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Gabriel Mäder
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Campus Reidbach, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (B.R.); (G.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Fabien Wilhelm Monnard
- Omya International AG, Baslerstrasse, 4665 Oftringen, Switzerland; (F.W.M.); (M.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Magdalena Jancikova
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Campus Reidbach, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (B.R.); (G.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Matthias Welker
- Omya International AG, Baslerstrasse, 4665 Oftringen, Switzerland; (F.W.M.); (M.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Joachim Schoelkopf
- Omya International AG, Baslerstrasse, 4665 Oftringen, Switzerland; (F.W.M.); (M.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Selçuk Yildirim
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Campus Reidbach, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (B.R.); (G.M.); (M.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-58-934-56-31
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