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Kassie BB, Daget TM, Tassew DF. Synthesis, functionalization, and commercial application of cellulose-based nanomaterials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134990. [PMID: 39181366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, cellulose, an abundant and renewable biopolymer, has attracted considerable interest due to its potential applications in nanotechnology. This review explores the latest developments in cellulose-based nanomaterial synthesis, functionalization, and commercial applications. Beginning with an overview of the diverse sources of cellulose and the methods employed for its isolation and purification, the review delves into the various techniques used for the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), highlighting their unique properties and potential applications. Furthermore, the functionalization strategies employed to enhance the properties and tailor the functionalities of cellulose-based nanomaterials were discussed. The review also provides insights into the emerging commercial applications of cellulose-based nanomaterials across diverse sectors, including packaging, biomedical engineering, textiles, and environmental remediation. Finally, challenges and prospects for the widespread adoption of cellulose-based nanomaterials are outlined, emphasizing the need for further research and development to unlock their full potential in sustainable and innovative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bantamlak Birlie Kassie
- Textile Faculty, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, P.O. Box 1037, Ethiopia.
| | - Tekalgn Mamay Daget
- Textile Faculty, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, P.O. Box 1037, Ethiopia
| | - Dehenenet Flatie Tassew
- Textile Faculty, Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, P.O. Box 1037, Ethiopia
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Nordin AH, Yusoff AH, Husna SMN, Noor SFM, Norfarhana AS, Paiman SH, Ilyas RA, Nordin ML, Osman MS, Abdullah N. Recent advances in nanocellulose-based adsorbent for sustainable removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from water bodies: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135799. [PMID: 39307484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
The long-term presence of pharmaceutical pollution in water bodies has raised public awareness. Nanocellulose is often used in adsorption to remove pollutants from wastewater since it is an abundant, green and sustainable material. This paper offers an extensive overview of the recent works reporting the potential of nanocellulose-based adsorbents to treat pharmaceutical wastewater. This study distinguishes itself by not only summarizing recent research findings but also critically integrating discussions on the improvements in nanocellulose production and sorts of alterations based on the type of pharmaceutical contaminants. Commonly, charged, or hydrophobic characteristics are introduced onto nanocellulose surfaces to accelerate and enhance the removal of pharmaceutical compounds. Although adsorbents based on nanocellulose have considerable potential, several significant challenges impede their practical application, particularly concerning cost and scalability. Large-scale synthesis of nanocellulose is technically challenging and expensive, which prevents its widespread use in wastewater treatment plants. Continued innovation in this area could lead to breakthroughs in the practical application of nanocellulose as a superior adsorbent. The prospects of utilization of nanocellulose are explained, providing a sustainable way to address the existing restriction and maximize the application of the modified nanocellulose in the field of pharmaceutical pollutants removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Hassan Nordin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia; Gold, Rare Earth and Material Technopreneurship Centre (GREAT), Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan 17600, Malaysia; EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids & Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh Campus, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hafidz Yusoff
- Gold, Rare Earth and Material Technopreneurship Centre (GREAT), Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan 17600, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Muhamad Nur Husna
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fadilla Md Noor
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Samad Norfarhana
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Syafikah Huda Paiman
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Luqman Nordin
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Syazwan Osman
- EMZI-UiTM Nanoparticles Colloids & Interface Industrial Research Laboratory (NANO-CORE), Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh Campus, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Norfazliana Abdullah
- Oil and Gas Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Norfarhana A, Ilyas R, Ngadi N. A review of nanocellulose adsorptive membrane as multifunctional wastewater treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Barakat A, Kamoun EA, El-Moslamy SH, Ghazy MB, Fahmy A. Photo-curable carboxymethylcellulose composite hydrogel as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:1011-1021. [PMID: 35381281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A series of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was successfully synthesized for producing of CMC-g-GMA copolymer. Water-soluble CMC-g-GMA copolymer was photo-crosslinked while Irgacure-2959 was used as a UV-photo-initiator at 365 nm. On the other hand, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from sugarcane were graft-copolymerized in an aqueous solution utilizing cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator in a redox-initiated free-radical approach. CNCs were grafted with GMA to enhance their physicochemical and biological characteristics. Factors affecting hydrogel formation, e.g. CMC-g-GMA copolymer concentration, irradiation time and incorporation of different concentration of CNCs-g-GMA nano-filler, were discussed in dependance on the swelling degree and gel fraction of the produced hydrogels. Notably, the addition of CNCs-g-GMA nanofillers increased progressively thermal stability of the prepared hydrogel. CMC-g-GMA filled with CNCs-g-GMA composite hydrogel showed antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistance pathogens. Thus, CMC-g-GMA filled with CNCs-g-GMA composite hydrogel could be endorsed as compatible biomaterials for versatile biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elbadawy A Kamoun
- Polymeric Materials Research Dep., Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt.
| | - Shahira H El-Moslamy
- Bioprocess Development Dep., Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M B Ghazy
- Chemistry Dep., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Fahmy
- Chemistry Dep., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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Diamanti MV, Tedeschi C, Taccia M, Torri G, Massironi N, Tognoli C, Vismara E. Suspended Multifunctional Nanocellulose as Additive for Mortars. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071093. [PMID: 35407210 PMCID: PMC9000320 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose derivatives have found significant applications in composite materials, mainly because of the increased mechanical performance they ensure. When added to cement-based materials, either in the form of nanocrystals, nanofibrils or micro/nanofibers, cellulose acts on the mixture with fresh and hardened properties, affecting rheology, shrinkage, hydration, and the resulting mechanical properties, microstructure, and durability. Commercial cotton wool was selected as starting material to produce multifunctional nanocelluloses to test as additives for mortars. Cotton wool was oxidized to oxidized nanocellulose (ONC), a charged nanocellulose capable of electrostatic interaction, merging cellulose and nanoparticles properties. Oxidized nanocellulose (ONC) was further functionalized by a radical-based mechanism with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and with a mixture of GMA and the crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) affording ONC-GMA and ONC-GMA-EGDMA, both multifunctional-charged nanocellulose merging cellulose and bound acrylates properties. In this work, only ONC was found to be properly suitable for suspension and addition to a commercial mortar to assess the variation in mechanical properties and water-mortar interactions as a consequence of the modified microstructure obtained. The addition of oxidized nanocellulose caused an alteration of mortar porosity, with a decreased percentage of porosity and pore size distribution shifted towards smaller pores, with a consequent increase in compressive resistance, decrease in water absorption coefficient, and increased percentage of micropores present in the material, indicating a potential improvement in mortar durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Diamanti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (N.M.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.D.); (E.V.); Tel.: +39-0223993088 (E.V.)
| | - Cristina Tedeschi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Mariagiovanna Taccia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (C.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Giangiacomo Torri
- Istituto Scientifico di Chimica e Biochimica “Giuliana Ronzoni”, 20131 Milan, Italy;
| | - Nicolò Massironi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (N.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Chiara Tognoli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (N.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Elena Vismara
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (N.M.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.D.); (E.V.); Tel.: +39-0223993088 (E.V.)
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Promising adsorptive materials derived from agricultural and industrial wastes for antibiotic removal: A comprehensive review. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Li M, Li H, Liu H, Zou Z, Xie C. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Glycidyl Metharcylate/Phaytic Acid-Based on Bagasse Xylan Composite Derivative. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2084. [PMID: 34202747 PMCID: PMC8271638 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of natural biomass materials with excellent properties is an attractive way to improve the application range of natural polysaccharides. Bagasse Xylan (BX) is a natural polysaccharide with various biological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant, etc. Its physic-chemical and biological properties can be improved by functionalization. For this purpose, a novel glycidyl metharcylate/phytic acid based on a BX composite derivative was synthesized by a free radical polymerization technique with glycidyl metharcylate (GMA; GMABX) and further esterification with phytic acid (PA; GMABX-PA) in ionic liquid. The effects of the reaction conditions (i.e., temperature, time, initiator concentration, catalyst concentration, GMA concentration, PA concentration, mass of ionic liquid) on grafting rate(G), conversion rate(C) and degree of substitution(DS) are discussed. The structure of the composite material structure was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and XRD. SEM confirmed the particle morphology of the composite derivative. The thermal stability of GMABX-PA was determined by TG-DTG. Molecular docking was further performed to study the combination mode of the GMABX-PA into the active site of two lung cancer proteins (5XNV, 2EB2) and a blood cancer protein (2M6N). In addition, tumor cell proliferation inhibition assays for BX, GMABX-PA were carried out using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetraz -olium bromide (MTT) method. The results showed that various reaction conditions exhibited favorable gradient curves, and that a maximum G of 56% for the graft copolymerization and a maximum DS of 0.267 can be achieved. The thermal stability was significantly improved, as demonstrated by the fact that there was still 60% residual at 800 °C. The molecular docking software generated satisfactory results with regard to the evaluated binding energy and combining sites. The inhibition ratio of GMABX-PA on NCI-H460 (lung cancer cells) reached 29.68% ± 4.45%, which is five times higher than that of BX. Therefore, the material was shown to be a potential candidate for biomedical applications as well as for use as a heat resistant material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heping Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; (M.L.); (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (C.X.)
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