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Zaytsev V, Kuzin A, Panda K, Chernyshev V, Florya I, Fedorov FS, Kovalyuk V, Golikov A, An PP, Khlebstov BN, Chetyrkina M, Nasibulin AG, Goltsman G, Gorin DA. Convective assembly of silica colloidal particles inside photonic integrated chip-based microfluidic systems for gas sensing applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:17365-17370. [PMID: 39257228 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02211d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Optofluidics is a new field of modern science that stands at the interface of microfluidics and photonics and has good prospects for application in gas sensors. Microfluidics offers a promising platform for tuning and assembling monolayer structures that are used as sensitive layers for gas detection. Herein, we evaluate the concept of monolayer formation on a silicon nitride substrate enabling a surface coverage up to 59% through a microfluidic convective assembly and couple it with a photonic integrated chip to probe gas sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Zaytsev
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
| | - Aleksei Kuzin
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
- Laboratory of Photonic Gas Sensors, University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049, Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000, Russia
| | - Krupamaya Panda
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
| | - Vasiliy Chernyshev
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Florya
- Laboratory of Photonic Gas Sensors, University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049, Russia
| | - Fedor S Fedorov
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
| | - Vadim Kovalyuk
- Laboratory of Photonic Gas Sensors, University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049, Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000, Russia
| | - Alexander Golikov
- Laboratory of Photonic Gas Sensors, University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049, Russia
- Department of Physics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 119992, Russia
| | - Pavel P An
- Department of Physics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 119992, Russia
- Quantum Photonic Integrated Circuits Group, Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
| | - Boris N Khlebstov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov 410049, Russia
- Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Margarita Chetyrkina
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
| | - Albert G Nasibulin
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
| | - Gregory Goltsman
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000, Russia
- Quantum Photonic Integrated Circuits Group, Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30 Bld. 1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205, Russia.
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Ju S, Kim H, Kwak H, Kang C, Jung I, Oh S, Lee SG, Kim J, Park HJ, Lee KT. Dielectric light-trapping nanostructure for enhanced light absorption in organic solar cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20649. [PMID: 38001140 PMCID: PMC10673921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dielectric scatterers where Mie resonances can be excited in both electric and magnetic modes have emerged as a promising candidate for efficient light trapping (LT) in thin-film solar cells. We present that light absorption in organic solar cells (OSCs) can be significantly enhanced by a front-sided incorporation of a core-shell nanostructure consisting of a high-refractive-index dielectric nanosphere array conformally coated with a low-refractive-index dielectric layer. Strong forward light scattering of the all-dielectric LT structure enables the absorption in an organic semiconductor to be remarkably boosted over a broad range of wavelengths, which is attributed to interference of a simultaneous excitation of the electric and magnetic dipole resonant modes. The OSC with the LT structure shows the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 28.23 mA/cm2, which is 10% higher than that of a flat OSC. We also explore how the LT structure affects scattering cross-sections, spectral multipole resonances, and far-field radiation patterns. The approach described in this work could offer the possibility for the improvement of characteristic performances of various applications, such as other thin-film solar cells, photodiodes, light-emitting diodes, and absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongcheol Ju
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwoo Kim
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojae Kwak
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolhun Kang
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Jung
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Oh
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gol Lee
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hui Joon Park
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu-Tae Lee
- Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Portal S, Corbella C, Arteaga O, Martin A, Mandal T, Kahr B. Characterization of Chiral Nanostructured Surfaces Made via Colloidal Lithography. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2235. [PMID: 37570552 PMCID: PMC10421317 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Optically anisotropic materials were produced via colloidal lithography and characterized using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, and polarimetry. A compact hexagonal array mask composed of silica sub-micron particles was fabricated via the Langmuir-Blodgett self-assembly technique. Subsequently, the mask pattern was transferred onto monocrystalline silicon and commercial glass substrates using ion beam etching in a vacuum. Varying the azimuthal angle while etching at oblique incidence carved screw-like shaped pillars into the substrates, resulting in heterochiral structures depending on the azimuthal angle direction. To enhance the material's optical properties through plasmon resonance, gold films were deposited onto the pillars. Polarimetric measurements were realized at normal and oblique incidences, showing that the etching directions have a clear influence on the value of the linear birefringence and linear dichroism. The polarimetric properties, especially the chiroptical responses, increased with the increase in the angle of incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Portal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Carles Corbella
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Experimental Physics II, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Oriol Arteaga
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Alexander Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (A.M.); (T.M.); (B.K.)
| | - Trinanjana Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (A.M.); (T.M.); (B.K.)
| | - Bart Kahr
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (A.M.); (T.M.); (B.K.)
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Kim DH, Lee HJ, Park D, Yim JH, Choi HK. Fabrication of a nanoscale 2D PEDOT pattern via the combination of colloidal lithography and vapor phase polymerization for application in transparent, highly sensitive bending sensors. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4620-4627. [PMID: 36776102 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07104e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in flexible, stretchable, and wearable electronics have necessitated the development of more diverse and complex device structures; high-resolution patterning strategies for conducting polymers are therefore urgently required to enable the fabrication of these devices. In this study, we report a nanoscale patterning strategy for conductive polymer films that utilizes a combination of vapor phase polymerization (VPP) and colloidal lithography. Here, hemispherical non-close-packed colloidal crystals are used as an effective lithographic mask for patterning oxidants on a substrate; subsequently, two-dimensional honeycomb-structured porous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films are fabricated via VPP using the prepatterned oxidant. The resulting films closely resemble the morphology of the preceding oxidant structure; furthermore, the film porosity can be altered by adjusting the polymerization time. These patterned PEDOT films exhibit high transparency owing to the presence of voids, and high electrical sensitivity to bending stresses, which were concentrated in the narrow-patterned area. As the described fabrication methods are facile and reliable, this approach therefore provides an effective route for the fabrication of various conducting polymer frameworks in the micro- to nanoscale range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwan Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, South Korea.
| | - Ho Joon Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, South Korea.
| | - Daedong Park
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Heong Yim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, South Korea.
| | - Hong Kyoon Choi
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, South Korea.
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Kim DH, Kwon HG, Choi HK. Dewetting-Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers Templated by Colloidal Crystals. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040897. [PMID: 36850181 PMCID: PMC9961777 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in high-performance flexible electronic devices have increased the demand for more diverse and complex nanofabrication methods; high-resolution, high-efficiency, and low-cost patterning strategies for next-generation devices are therefore required. In this study, we demonstrate the formation of dewetting-induced hierarchical patterns using two self-assembled materials: block copolymers (BCPs) and colloidal crystals. The combination of the two self-assembly methods successfully generates multiscale hierarchical patterns because the length scales of the periodic colloidal crystal structures are suitable for templating the BCP patterns. Various concentric ring patterns were observed on the templated BCP films, and a free energy model of the polymer chain was applied to explain the formation of these patterns relative to the template width. Frequently occurring spiral-defective features were also examined and found to be promoted by Y-junction defects.
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6
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Self-rolling of vanadium dioxide nanomembranes for enhanced multi-level solar modulation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7819. [PMID: 36535951 PMCID: PMC9763237 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermochromic window develops as a competitive solution for carbon emissions due to comprehensive advantages of its passivity and effective utilization of energy. How to further enhance the solar modulation ([Formula: see text]) of thermochromic windows while ensuring high luminous transmittance ([Formula: see text]) becomes the latest challenge to touch the limit of energy efficiency. Here, we show a smart window combining mechanochromism with thermochromism by self-rolling of vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanomembranes to enhance multi-level solar modulation. The mechanochromism is introduced by the temperature-controlled regulation of curvature of rolled-up smart window, which benefits from effective strain adjustment in VO2 nanomembranes upon the phase transition. Under geometry design and optimization, the rolled-up smart window with high [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is achieved for the modulation of indoor temperature self-adapted to seasons and climate. Furthermore, such rolled-up smart window enables high infrared reflectance after triggered phase transition and acts as a smart lens protective cover for strong radiation. This work supports the feasibility of self-rolling technology in smart windows and lens protection, which promises broad interest and practical applications of self-adapting devices and systems for smart building, intelligent sensors and actuators with the perspective of energy efficiency.
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Nanosphere Lithography-Based Fabrication of Spherical Nanostructures and Verification of Their Hexagonal Symmetries by Image Analysis. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14122642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanosphere lithography (NSL) is a cost- and time-effective technique for the fabrication of well-ordered large-area arrays of nanostructures. This paper reviews technological challenges in NSL mask preparation, its modification, and quality control. Spin coating with various process parameters (substrate wettability, solution properties, spin coating operating parameters) are discussed to create a uniform monolayer from monodisperse polystyrene (PS) nanospheres with a diameter of 0.2–1.5 μm. Scanning electron microscopy images show that the PS nanospheres are ordered into a hexagonal close-packed monolayer. Verification of sphere ordering and symmetry is obtained using our open-source software HEXI, which can recognize and detect circles, and distinguish between hexagonal ordering and defect configurations. The created template is used to obtain a wide variety of tailor-made periodic structures by applying additional treatments, such as plasma etching (isotropic and anisotropic), deposition, evaporation, and lift-off. The prepared highly ordered nanopatterned arrays (from circular, triangular, pillar-shaped structures) are applicable in many different fields (plasmonics, photonics, sensorics, biomimetic surfaces, life science, etc.).
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Centeno P, Alexandre M, Neves F, Fortunato E, Martins R, Águas H, Mendes MJ. Copper-Arsenic-Sulfide Thin-Films from Local Raw Materials Deposited via RF Co-Sputtering for Photovoltaics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3268. [PMID: 36234397 PMCID: PMC9565231 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The inexorable increase of energy demand and the efficiency bottleneck of monocrystalline silicon solar cell technology is promoting the research and development of alternative photovoltaic materials. Copper-arsenic-sulfide (CAS) compounds are still rather unexplored in the literature, yet they have been regarded as promising candidates for use as p-type absorber in solar cells, owing to their broad raw material availability, suitable bandgap and high absorption coefficient. Here, a comprehensive study is presented on the structural and optoelectronic properties of CAS thin-films deposited via radio-frequency magnetron co-sputtering, using a commercial Cu target together with a Cu-As-S target with material obtained from local resources, specifically from mines in the Portuguese region of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Raman and X-ray diffraction analysis confirm that the use of two targets results in films with pronounced stoichiometry gradients, suggesting a transition from amorphous CAS compounds to crystalline djurleite (Cu31S16), with the increasing proximity to the Cu target. Resistivity values from 4.7 mΩ·cm to 17.4 Ω·cm are obtained, being the lowest resistive films, those with pronounced sub-bandgap free-carrier absorption. The bandgap values range from 2.20 to 2.65 eV, indicating promising application as wide-bandgap semiconductors in third-generation (e.g., multi-junction) photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Centeno
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Miguel Alexandre
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filipe Neves
- LNEG, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Hugo Águas
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Manuel J. Mendes
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Rackauskas S, Cesano F, Uddin MJ. Multifunctional Nanomaterials for Energy Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132170. [PMID: 35808006 PMCID: PMC9268396 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simas Rackauskas
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Federico Cesano
- Department of Chemistry, Turin University & INSTM-UdR Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-6707548
| | - Mohammed Jasim Uddin
- Photonics and Energy Research Laboratory-PERL, Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
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Sandu I, Fleaca CT, Dumitrache F, Sava BA, Urzica I, Antohe I, Brajnicov S, Dumitru M. Shaping in the Third Direction; Fabrication of Hemispherical Micro-Concavity Array by Using Large Size Polystyrene Spheres as Template for Direct Self-Assembly of Small Size Silica Spheres. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112158. [PMID: 35683831 PMCID: PMC9183027 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Silica and polystyrene spheres with a small size ratio (r = 0.005) form by sequential hanging drop self-assembly, a binary colloidal crystal through which calcination transforms in a silica-ordered concavity array. These arrays are capable of light Bragg diffraction and shape dependent optical phenomena, and they can be transformed into inverse-opal structures. Hierarchical 2D and 3D super-structures with ordered concavities as structural units were fabricated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Sandu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Claudiu Teodor Fleaca
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Florian Dumitrache
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Bogdan Alexandru Sava
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenţei Street, Sector 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (B.A.S.); (M.D.); Tel.: +40-728062160 (B.A.S.)
| | - Iuliana Urzica
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Iulia Antohe
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Simona Brajnicov
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Marius Dumitru
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (C.T.F.); (F.D.); (I.U.); (I.A.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (B.A.S.); (M.D.); Tel.: +40-728062160 (B.A.S.)
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Qiu T, Akinoglu EM, Luo B, Konarova M, Yun JH, Gentle IR, Wang L. Nanosphere Lithography: A Versatile Approach to Develop Transparent Conductive Films for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103842. [PMID: 35119141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transparent conductive films (TCFs) are irreplaceable components in most optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes, sensors, smart windows, and bioelectronics. The shortcomings of existing traditional transparent conductors demand the development of new material systems that are both transparent and electrically conductive, with variable functionality to meet the requirements of new generation optoelectronic devices. In this respect, TCFs with periodic or irregular nanomesh structures have recently emerged as promising candidates, which possess superior mechanical properties in comparison with conventional metal oxide TCFs. Among the methods for nanomesh TCFs fabrication, nanosphere lithography (NSL) has proven to be a versatile platform, with which a wide range of morphologically distinct nanomesh TCFs have been demonstrated. These materials are not only functionally diverse, but also have advantages in terms of device compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive description of the NSL process and its most relevant derivatives to fabricate nanomesh TCFs. The structure-property relationships of these materials are elaborated and an overview of their application in different technologies across disciplines related to optoelectronics is given. It is concluded with a perspective on current shortcomings and future directions to further advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Qiu
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Eser Metin Akinoglu
- International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, 526238, P. R. China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Bin Luo
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Muxina Konarova
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jung-Ho Yun
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ian R Gentle
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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12
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Simple Self-Assembly Strategy of Nanospheres on 3D Substrate and Its Application for Enhanced Textured Silicon Solar Cell. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102581. [PMID: 34685020 PMCID: PMC8541415 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials and nanostructures provide new opportunities to achieve high-performance optical and optoelectronic devices. Three-dimensional (3D) surfaces commonly exist in those devices (such as light-trapping structures or intrinsic grains), and here, we propose requests for nanoscale control over nanostructures on 3D substrates. In this paper, a simple self-assembly strategy of nanospheres for 3D substrates is demonstrated, featuring controllable density (from sparse to close-packed) and controllable layer (from a monolayer to multi-layers). Taking the assembly of wavelength-scale SiO2 nanospheres as an example, it has been found that textured 3D substrate promotes close-packed SiO2 spheres compared to the planar substrate. Distribution density and layers of SiO2 coating can be well controlled by tuning the assembly time and repeating the assembly process. With such a versatile strategy, the enhancement effects of SiO2 coating on textured silicon solar cells were systematically examined by varying assembly conditions. It was found that the close-packed SiO2 monolayer yielded a maximum relative efficiency enhancement of 9.35%. Combining simulation and macro/micro optical measurements, we attributed the enhancement to the nanosphere-induced concentration and anti-reflection of incident light. The proposed self-assembly strategy provides a facile and cost-effective approach for engineering nanomaterials at 3D interfaces.
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