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Chaichan M, Kazem HA, Al-Ghezi MKS, Al-Waeli AHA, Ali AJ, Sopian K, Kadhum AAH, Wan Isahak WNR, Takriff MS, Al-Amiery AA. Optimizing MWCNT-Based Nanofluids for Photovoltaic/Thermal Cooling through Preparation Parameters. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29910-29925. [PMID: 37636957 PMCID: PMC10448645 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were employed as added particles for nanofluids in this practical investigation. To identify the most appropriate nanofluid for cooling PVT systems that are functional in the extreme summer environment of Baghdad, the parameters of base fluid, surfactant, and sonication time used for mixing were examined. Water was chosen as the base fluid instead of other potential candidates such as ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG), and heat transfer oil (HTO). Thermal conductivity and stability were important thermophysical qualities that were impacted by the chosen parameters. The nanofluid tested in Baghdad city (consisting of 0.5% MWCNTs, water, and CTAB with a sonication period of three and a quarter hours) resulted in a 119.5, 308, and 210% enhancement of thermal conductivity (TC) for water compared with EG, PG, and oil, respectively. In addition, the nanofluid-cooled PVT system had an electrical efficiency that was 88.85% higher than standalone PV technology and 44% higher than water-cooled PVT systems. Moreover, the thermal efficiency of the nanofluid-cooled PVT system was 20% higher than the water-cooled PVT system. Finally, the nanofluid-cooled PVT system displayed the least decrease in electrical efficiency and a greater thermal efficiency even when the PV panel was at its hottest at noon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miqdam
T. Chaichan
- Energy
and Renewable Energies Technology Research Center, University of Technology, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
| | - Hussein A. Kazem
- Faculty
of Engineering, Sohar University, PO Box 44, Sohar PCI 311, Oman
- Solar
Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 B angi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Ali H. A. Al-Waeli
- Engineering
Department, American University of Iraq, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Ali J. Ali
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Technology, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
| | - Kamaruzzaman Sopian
- Solar
Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 B angi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built
Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
(UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd S. Takriff
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built
Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
(UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Amiery
- Energy
and Renewable Energies Technology Research Center, University of Technology, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built
Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
(UKM), Bangi 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
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Shayesteh H, Khosrowshahi MS, Mashhadimoslem H, Maleki F, Rabbani Y, Emrooz HBM. Durable superhydrophobic/superoleophilic melamine foam based on biomass-derived porous carbon and multi-walled carbon nanotube for oil/water separation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4515. [PMID: 36934146 PMCID: PMC10024746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, fabrications of two eco-friendly superhydrophobic/superoleophilic recyclable foamy-based adsorbents for oil/water mixture separation were developed. Hierarchically biomass (celery)-derived porous carbon (PC) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were firstly synthesized and loaded on pristine melamine foam (MF) by the simple dip-coating approach by combining silicone adhesive to create superhydrophobic/superoleophilic, recyclable, and reusable three-dimensional porous structure. The prepared samples have a large specific surface area of 240 m2/g (MWCNT), 1126 m2/g (PC), and good micro-mesoporous frameworks. The water contact angle (WCA) values of the as-prepared foams, PC/MF and MWCNT/MF, not only were 159.34° ± 1.9° and 156.42° ± 1.6°, respectively but also had oil contact angle (OCA) of equal to 0° for a wide range of oils and organic solvents. Therefore, PC/MF and MWCNT/MF exhibited superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity properties, which can be considered effective adsorbents in oil/water mixture separations. In this context, superhydrophobic/superoleophilic prepared foams for kind of different oils and organic solvents were shown to have superior separation performance ranges of 54-143 g/g and 46-137 g/g for PC/MF and MWCNT/MF, respectively, suggesting a new effective porous material for separating oil spills. Also, outstanding recyclability and reusability of these structures in the ten adsorption-squeezing cycles indicated that the WCA and sorption capacity has not appreciably changed after soaking into acidic (pH = 2) and alkaline (pH = 12) as well as saline (3.5% NaCl) solutions. More importantly, the reusability and chemical durability of the superhydrophobic samples made them good opportunities for use in different harsh conditions for oil-spill cleanup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Shayesteh
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16846, Iran
| | - Mobin Safarzadeh Khosrowshahi
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16846, Iran
| | - Hossein Mashhadimoslem
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16846, Iran
| | - Farid Maleki
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez St, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Rabbani
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran (UT), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Banna Motejadded Emrooz
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16846, Iran.
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Mohd Saidi N, Abdullah N, Norizan MN, Janudin N, Mohd Kasim NA, Osman MJ, Mohamad IS, Mohd Rosli MA. Surface-Oxidised Carbon Nanofibre-Based Nanofluids: Structural, Morphological, Stability and Thermal Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3922. [PMID: 36364698 PMCID: PMC9658691 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The reputation of nanofluids as a convenient heat transfer media has grown in recent years. The synthesis of nanofluids is often challenging, particularly carbon-based nanofluids, due to the rapid agglomeration of the nanoparticles and the instability of the nanofluids. In this regard, surface modification and surfactant addition are potential approaches to improve the physical and thermal properties of carbon-based nanofluids that have been studied and the structural, morphological, and thermal characteristics of surface-oxidised carbon nanofibre (CNF)-based nanofluids has been characterised. Commercial CNF was first subjected to three different acid treatments to introduce surface oxygen functional groups on the CNF surface. Following the physical and thermal characterisation of the three surface-oxidised CNFs (CNF-MA, CNF-MB, and CNF-MC), including Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), the CNF-MB was selected as the best method to synthesise the surface-oxidised CNF-based nanofluid. A total of 40 mL of ultrapure water was used as a pure base fluid and mixed with the surface-oxidised CNF at a concentration range of 0.1-1.0 wt.%, with a fixed of 10 wt.% amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The thermal conductivity of CNF-based nanofluid was then characterised at different temperatures (6, 25, and 40 °C). Based on the results, surface oxidation via Method B significantly affected the extent of surface defects and effectively enhanced the group functionality on the CNF surface. Aside from the partially defective and rough surface of CNF-MB surfaces from the FESEM analysis, the presence of surface oxygen functional groups on the CNF wall was confirmed via the Raman analysis, TGA curve, and FTIR analysis. The visual sedimentation observation also showed that the surface-oxidised CNF particles remained dispersed in the nanofluid due to the weakened van der Waals interaction. The dispersion of CNF particles was improved by the presence of PVP, which further stabilised the CNF-based nanofluids. Ultimately, the thermal conductivity of the surface-oxidised CNF-based nanofluid with PVP was significantly improved with the highest enhancement percentage of 18.50, 16.84, and 19.83% at 6, 25, and 40 °C, respectively, at an optimum CNF concentration of 0.7 wt.%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norshafiqah Mohd Saidi
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Norli Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nurazzi Norizan
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Nurjahirah Janudin
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Junaedy Osman
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Imran Syakir Mohamad
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Afzanizam Mohd Rosli
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
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Ilyas RA, Nurazzi NM, Norrrahim MNF. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12173045. [PMID: 36080082 PMCID: PMC9458252 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
"Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites" is a newly open Special Issue of Nanomaterials, which aims to publish original and review papers on new scientific and applied research and make boundless contributions to the finding and understanding of the reinforcing effects of various nanomaterials on the performance of polymer nanocomposites [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - N. M. Nurazzi
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia
| | - M. N. F. Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Norizan MN, Abdullah N, Halim NA, Demon SZN, Mohamad IS. Heterojunctions of rGO/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites as Promising Gas-Sensing Materials—A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132278. [PMID: 35808113 PMCID: PMC9268638 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring environmental hazards and pollution control is vital for the detection of harmful toxic gases from industrial activities and natural processes in the environment, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). This is to ensure the preservation of public health and promote workplace safety. Graphene and its derivatives, especially reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have been designated as ideal materials in gas-sensing devices as their electronic properties highly influence the potential to adsorb specified toxic gas molecules. Despite its exceptional sensitivity at low gas concentrations, the sensor selectivity of pristine graphene is relatively weak, which limits its utility in many practical gas sensor applications. In view of this, the hybridization technique through heterojunction configurations of rGO with metal oxides has been explored, which showed promising improvement and a synergistic effect on the gas-sensing capacity, particularly at room temperature sensitivity and selectivity, even at low concentrations of the target gas. The unique features of graphene as a preferential gas sensor material are first highlighted, followed by a brief discussion on the basic working mechanism, fabrication, and performance of hybridized rGO/metal oxide-based gas sensors for various toxic gases, including NO2, NH3, H2, H2S, CO2, and SO2. The challenges and prospects of the graphene/metal oxide-based based gas sensors are presented at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nurazzi Norizan
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.N.N.); (N.A.H.); (S.Z.N.D.)
| | - Norli Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.N.N.); (N.A.H.); (S.Z.N.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Norhana Abdul Halim
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.N.N.); (N.A.H.); (S.Z.N.D.)
| | - Siti Zulaikha Ngah Demon
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.N.N.); (N.A.H.); (S.Z.N.D.)
| | - Imran Syakir Mohamad
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia;
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