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Hatami M, Ghorbanpour M. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles-induced reactive oxygen species: Phytotoxicity and detoxification mechanisms in plant cell. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108847. [PMID: 38889532 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is advancing rapidly in this century and the industrial use of nanoparticles for new applications in the modernization of different industries such as agriculture, electronic, food, energy, environment, healthcare and medicine is growing exponentially. Despite applications of several nanoparticles in different industries, they show harmful effects on biological systems, especially in plants. Various mechanisms for the toxic effects of nanoparticles have already been proposed; however, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) molecules including radicals [(e.g., superoxide (O2•‒), peroxyl (HOO•), and hydroxyl (HO•) and non-radicals [(e.g., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) is more important. Excessive production/and accumulation of ROS in cells and subsequent induction of oxidative stress disrupts the normal functioning of physiological processes and cellular redox reactions. Some of the consequences of ROS overproduction include peroxidation of lipids, changes in protein structure, DNA strand breaks, mitochondrial damage, and cell death. Key enzymatic antioxidants with ROS scavenging ability comprised of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione reductase (GR), and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems including alpha-tocopherol, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, ascorbate, and glutathione play vital role in detoxification and maintaining plant health by balancing redox reactions and reducing the level of ROS. This review provides compelling evidence that phytotoxicity of nanoparticles, is mainly caused by overproduction of ROS after exposure. In addition, the present review also summarizes the intrinsic detoxification mechanisms in plants in response to nanoparticles accumulation within plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Hatami
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran.
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Singh Y, Kumar U, Panigrahi S, Balyan P, Mehla S, Sihag P, Sagwal V, Singh KP, White JC, Dhankher OP. Nanoparticles as novel elicitors in plant tissue culture applications: Current status and future outlook. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108004. [PMID: 37714027 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant tissue culture is the primary, fundamental, and applied aspect of plant biology. It is an indispensable and valuable technique for investigating morphogenesis, embryogenesis, clonal propagation, crop improvements, generation of pathogen-free plants, gene transfer and expression, and the production of secondary metabolites. The extensive use of various nanoparticles (NPs) in fields such as cosmetics, energy, medicine, pharmaceuticals, electronics, agriculture, and biotechnology have demonstrated positive impacts in microbial decontamination, callus differentiation, organogenesis, somatic variations, biotransformation, cryopreservation, and enhanced synthesis of bioactive compounds. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge with regard to the use of nanoparticles in plant tissue culture, with a particular focus on the beneficial outcomes. The positive (beneficial) and negative (toxic) effects of engineered NPs in tissue culture medium, delivery of transgenes, NPs toxicity concerns, safety issues, and potential hazards arising from utilization of nanomaterials in agriculture through plant tissue culture are discussed in detail, along with the future prospects for these applications. In addition, the potential use of novel nanomaterials such as graphene, graphite, dendrimers, quantum dots, and carbon nanotubes as well as unique metal or metalloid NPs are proposed. Further, the potential mechanisms underlying NPs elicitation of tissue culture response in different applications are critically evaluated. The potential of these approaches in plant nanobiotechnology is only now becoming understood and it is clear that the role of these strategies in sustainably increasing crop production to combat global food security and safety in a changing climate will be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Upendra Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India; Department of Plant Science, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243001, India.
| | - Sourav Panigrahi
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Priyanka Balyan
- Department of Botany, Deva Nagri P.G. College, CCS University, Meerut, 245206, India
| | - Sheetal Mehla
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Pooja Sihag
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Vijeta Sagwal
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Krishna Pal Singh
- Biophysics Unit, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India; Vice-Chancellor's Secretariat, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243001, India
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Zafar H, Javed R, Zia M. Nanotoxicity assessment in plants: an updated overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93323-93344. [PMID: 37544947 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is rapidly emerging and innovative interdisciplinary field of science. The application of nanomaterials in agricultural biotechnology has been exponentially increased over the years that could be attributed to their uniqueness, versatility, and flexibility. The overuse of nanomaterials makes it crucial to determine their fate and distribution in the in vitro (in cell and tissue cultures) and in vivo (in living species) biological environments by investigating the nano-biointerface. The literature states that the beneficial effects of nanoparticles come along with their adverse effects, subsequently leading to an array of short-term and long-term toxicities. It has been evident that the interplay of nanoparticles with abiotic and biotic communities produces several eco-toxicological effects, and the physiology and biochemistry of crops are greatly influenced by the metabolic alterations taking place at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels. Numerous risk factors affect nanoparticle's accumulation, translocation, and associated cytogenotoxicity. This review article summarizes the contributing factors, possible mechanisms, and risk assessment of hazardous effects of various types of nanoparticles to plant health. The methods for evaluating the plant nanotoxicity parameters have been elaborated. Conclusively, few recommendations are put forward for designing safer, high-quality nanomaterials to protect and maintain environmental safety for smarter agriculture demanded by researchers and industrialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Zafar
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Javed
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook, Newfoundland, A2H 5G4, Canada.
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Garg D, Sridhar K, Stephen Inbaraj B, Chawla P, Tripathi M, Sharma M. Nano-Biofertilizer Formulations for Agriculture: A Systematic Review on Recent Advances and Prospective Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1010. [PMID: 37760112 PMCID: PMC10525541 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the twenty-first century, nanotechnology has emerged as a potentially game-changing innovation. Essential minerals are mostly unavailable in modern cropping systems without the application of synthetic fertilizers, which have a serious negative impact on the ecosystem. This review focuses on the coupling of nanoparticles with biofertilizers to function as nano-biofertilizers (NBFs), which may ensure world food security in the face of the rising population. The inoculation of plants with NBFs improves plant development and resistance to stress. Metallic nanoparticles as well as organic components comprising polysaccharide and chitosan may be encapsulated, utilizing microbe-based green synthesis to make NBFs, which circumvents the limitations of conventional chemical fertilizers. The application of NBFs is just getting started, and shows more promise than other approaches for changing conventional farming into high-tech "smart" farming. This study used bibliographic analysis using Web of Science to find relevant papers on "nano biofertilizers", "plants", and "agriculture". These subjects have received a lot of attention in the literature, as shown by the co-citation patterns of these publications. The novel use of nanotechnology in agriculture is explored in this research work, which makes use of the unique characteristics of nanoscale materials to address urgent concerns including nutrient delivery, crop protection, and sustainable farming methods. This study attempts to fill in some of the gaps in our knowledge by discussing the formulation, fabrication, and characterization of NBFs, as well as elucidating the mechanisms by which NBFs interact with plants and how this benefits the ability of the plant to withstand biotic and abiotic stress brought about by climate change. This review also addresses recent developments and future directions in farming using NBF formulations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Garg
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, India
| | | | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224001, India
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ZnO nanoparticles as potential fertilizer and biostimulant for lettuce. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12787. [PMID: 36647345 PMCID: PMC9840361 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zn is an indispensable nutrient for crops that usually presents low bioavailability. Different techniques have been proposed to improve the bioavailability of Zn, including the use of nanofertilizers. The objective of the study was to evaluate the applications of drench (D) and foliar (F) ZnO nanoparticles (NZnO) compared to those of ionic Zn2+ (ZnSO4) in lettuce. The plants cv. Great Lakes 407 was produced in pots of 4 L with perlite-peat moss (1:1) under greenhouse conditions. The treatments consisted of NZnO applications that replaced the total Zn provided with a Steiner solution, as follows: Zn2+ (100%D) (control); Zn2+ (50%D+50%F); NZnO (100%D); NZnO (50%D+50%F); NZnO (75%D); NZnO (50%D); NZnO (75%F) and NZnO (50%F). Four applications of Zn were made with a frequency of 15 days. 75 days after transplant (DAP), the fresh and dry biomass, chlorophyll a, b, and β-carotene, phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, vitamin C, glutathione, H2O2, total protein, and enzymatic activity of PAL, CAT, APX, and GPX were evaluated. The mineral concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Ni, and Si) in the leaves and roots of plants were also determined. The results showed that, compared to Zn2+, NZnO promoted increases in biomass (14-52%), chlorophylls (32-69%), and antioxidant compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, and vitamin C. The activity of enzymes like CAT and APX, as well as the foliar concentration of Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Si increased with NZnO. A better response was found in the plants for most variables with foliar applications of NZnO equivalent to 50-75% of the total Zn2+ applied conventionally. These results demonstrate that total replacement of Zn2+ with NZnO is possible, promoting fertilizer efficiency and the nutraceutical quality of lettuce.
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Special Issue “The Genetic Changes Induced by Engineered Manufactured Nanomaterials (EMNs)”. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132233. [PMID: 35808070 PMCID: PMC9268721 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The possibility that engineered manufactured nanomaterials (ENMs) can be harmful to the genetic materials of living individuals has been highlighted in several experiments, but it is still controversial [...]
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