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Zhang L, Yang L, Chen J, Yin W, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Gao F, Zhao J. Adsorption of Congo Red and Methylene Blue onto Nanopore-Structured Ashitaba Waste and Walnut Shell-Based Activated Carbons: Statistical Thermodynamic Investigations, Pore Size and Site Energy Distribution Studies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213831. [PMID: 36364607 PMCID: PMC9657552 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an advanced statistical physics adsorption model (double-layer model with two energies) is successfully established. On the basis of this model, statistical thermodynamic functions (e.g., entropy (S), Gibbs free enthalpy (G), and internal energy (Eint)), pore size distribution (PSD), and site energy distribution (SED) functions were successfully developed and applied to investigate the adsorption mechanisms of nanopore-structured ashitaba waste-based activated carbons (AWAC) and walnut shell-based activated carbons (WSAC) on Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) dyes in aqueous solutions. Statistical thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption reactions involved in this study are entropy-increasing, endothermic, and spontaneous in nature. Furthermore, PSD and SED described the heterogeneity of these adsorbents in terms of geometry or structure and energy and illustrated that the aforementioned adsorption processes are endothermic physisorption. All in all, this study contributed to broadening the understanding of the adsorption mechanisms of dye molecules onto biomass-based activated carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Libin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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