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Kovács Z, Molnár C, Štangar UL, Cristea VM, Pap Z, Hernadi K, Baia L. Optimization Method of the Solvothermal Parameters Using Box-Behnken Experimental Design-The Case Study of ZnO Structural and Catalytic Tailoring. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051334. [PMID: 34069425 PMCID: PMC8159122 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ZnO photocatalysts were synthesized via solvothermal method and a reduced experimental design (Box–Behnken) was applied to investigate the influence of four parameters (temperature, duration, composition of the reaction mixture) upon the photocatalytic activity and the crystal structure of ZnO. The four parameters were correlated with photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and the ratio of two crystallographic facets ((002) and (100)) using a quadratic model. The quadratic model shows good fit for both responses. The optimization experimental results validated the models. The ratio of the crystal facets shows similar variation as the photocatalytic activity of the samples. The water content of the solvent is the primary factor, which predominantly influence both responses. An explanation was proposed for the effect of the parameters and how the ratio of (002) and (100) crystal facets is influenced and its relation to the photocatalytic activity. The present research laconically describes a case study for an original experimental work, in order to serve as guideline to deal with such complicated subjects as quantifying influence of synthesis parameters upon the catalytic activity of the obtained ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kovács
- Research Group of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 103, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.M.)
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Str. Mihail Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csanád Molnár
- Research Group of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 103, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Urška Lavrenčič Štangar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Vasile-Mircea Cristea
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, Str. Arany János 11, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Zsolt Pap
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Treboniu Laurian 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (Z.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Klara Hernadi
- Research Group of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 103, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.K.); (C.M.)
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Physical Metallurgy, Metal Forming and Nanotechnology, University of Miskolc, HU-3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros, Hungary
- Correspondence: (Z.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Lucian Baia
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Str. Mihail Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Centre of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Treboniu Laurian 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Effect of CeO2-ZnO Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10090817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The impact of a CeO2-ZnO nanocomposite on the photocatalytic and antibacterial properties compared to bare ZnO was investigated. A CeO2-ZnO nanocomposite was synthesized using Acacia nilotica fruit extract as a novel fuel by a simple solution combustion method. The obtained CeO2-ZnO nanocomposite was confirmed structurally by XRD, FTIR, Raman and UV-DRS and morphologically by SEM/TEM analysis. The XRD pattern indicates the presence of both hexagonal Wurtzite-structured ZnO (major) and cubic-phase CeO2 (minor). FTIR shows the presence of a Ce-O-Ce vibration at 468 cm−1 and Zn-O vibration at 445 cm−1. The existence of a band at 460 cm−1 confirmed the F2g Raman-active mode of the fluorite cubic crystalline structure for CeO2. Diffused reflectance spectroscopy was used to estimate the bandgap (Eg) from Kubelka–Munk (K–M) theory which was found to be 3.4 eV. TEM analysis shows almost spherical-shaped particles, at a size of about 10–15 nm. The CeO2-ZnO nanocomposite shows a good BET specific surface area of 30 m2g−1. The surface defects and porosity of the CeO2-ZnO nanocomposite caused methylene blue (MB) dye to degrade under sunlight (88%) and UV light (92%). The CeO2-ZnO nanocomposite also exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against a pathogenic bacterial strain.
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Fernández‐Izquierdo L, Raúl Sosa‐Acosta J, Jiménez‐Hernández L, Toro PO, Rodríguez MO, Insausti M, Muro IG, Rojo T, Díaz‐García AM. ZnO Nanoparticles Photosensitization Using Ruthenium(II)‐polypyridyl Isomeric Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leunam Fernández‐Izquierdo
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic (LBI), Faculty of Chemistry University of Havana. Cuba
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy Pontifical Catholic University of Chile Chile
| | - José Raúl Sosa‐Acosta
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic (LBI), Faculty of Chemistry University of Havana. Cuba
- Department of Physical-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Havana. Cuba
| | | | - Pedro Ortiz Toro
- Department of Physical-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Havana. Cuba
| | - Mayreli Ortiz Rodríguez
- Nanobiotechnology E Bioanalysis Group, Departament d' Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Maite Insausti
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry. Faculty of Science and Technology Basque Country University (UPV/EHU), Bilbao Spain
| | - Izaskun Gil Muro
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry. Faculty of Science and Technology Basque Country University (UPV/EHU), Bilbao Spain
| | - Teofilo Rojo
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry. Faculty of Science and Technology Basque Country University (UPV/EHU), Bilbao Spain
| | - Alicia M Díaz‐García
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic (LBI), Faculty of Chemistry University of Havana. Cuba
- Department of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Havana. Cuba
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Synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles from Marsdenia tenacissima inhibits the cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in laryngeal cancer cells (Hep-2). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 201:111624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Experimental Design Modeling of the Effect of Hexagonal Wurtzite-ZnO Synthesis Conditions on Its Characteristics and Performance as a Cationic and Anionic Adsorbent. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213884. [PMID: 31661919 PMCID: PMC6864852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface composite design was used to study the effect of the ZnO synthesis conditions on its adsorption of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB). The ZnO was prepared via hydrothermal treatment under different conditions including temperature (T), precursor concentration (C), pH, and reaction time (t). Models were built using four Design expert-11 software-based responses: the point of zero charge (pHzc), MO and MB removal efficiencies (RMO, RMB), MO and MB adsorption capacities (qMO, qMB), and hydrodynamic diameter of ZnO particles (Dh). ZnO was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV/VIS spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The formation of ZnO was confirmed by the XRD, UV, and FTIR spectra. Results showed a very high efficiency for most of the samples for adsorption of MB, and more than 90% removal efficiency was achieved by 8 samples among 33 samples. For MO, more than 90% removal efficiency was achieved by 2 samples among 33 samples. Overall, 26 of 31 samples showed higher MB adsorption capacity than that of MO. RMB was found to depend only on the synthesis temperature while RMO depends on temperature, pH, and reaction time. pHzc was found to be affected by the synthesis pH only while Dh depends on the synthesis pH and precursor concentration.
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TiO 2 Coated ZnO Nanorods by Mist Chemical Vapor Deposition for Application as Photoanodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9091339. [PMID: 31546832 PMCID: PMC6781505 DOI: 10.3390/nano9091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a mist chemical vapor deposition method was applied to create a coating of titanium dioxide particles in order to fabricate ZnO/TiO2 core-shell nanostructures. The thin layers of titanium dioxide on the zinc oxide nanorods were uniform and confirmed as pure anatase phase. The morphological, structural, optical and photoluminescence properties of the ZnO/TiO2 core-shell structures were influenced by coating time. For instance, the crystallinity of the titanium dioxide increased in accordance with an increase in the duration of the coating time. Additionally, the thickness of the titanium dioxide layer gradually increased with the coating time, resulting in an increased surface area. The transmittance of the arrayed ZnO/TiO2 core-shell structures was 65% after 15 min of coating. The obtained ZnO/TiO2 core-shell nanostructures demonstrated high potentiality to serve as photoanodes for application in dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Lallo da Silva B, Caetano BL, Chiari-Andréo BG, Pietro RCLR, Chiavacci LA. Increased antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles: Influence of size and surface modification. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 177:440-447. [PMID: 30798065 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the size and surface of ZnO nanoparticle (ZnO NP) suspensions and powders were finely controlled to evaluate their influence on the ZnO antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The ZnO NP were prepared by the sol-gel method with different reaction times for NP size control and followed by the addition of (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a surface modifier. The ZnO NP were characterized by different techniques and the antibacterial activity was assessed through the minimum inhibitory concentration assay (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration assay (MBC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ZnO NP exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The NP size highly influenced the antibacterial activity, which increased with decreasing particle size. The small ZnO NP presented bactericidal activity whereas the largest showed bacteriostatic activity. The use of GPTMS, in general, led to increase of MIC and MBC. The formation of holes in the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus was evidenced by SEM after contact between the bacteria and ZnO NP. The cytotoxicity assay showed that ZnO NP did not cause a loss of cell viability in the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCat) at the maximum concentration assessed. Thus, this study indicated that 5 nm ZnO NP modified by GPTMS has great potential for use as an inorganic antibacterial material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Lallo da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Highway Araraquara-Jaú, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Leonardo Caetano
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Highway Araraquara-Jaú, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Galdorfini Chiari-Andréo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Highway Araraquara-Jaú, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade de Araraquara, UNIARA, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Leila Aparecida Chiavacci
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Highway Araraquara-Jaú, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Han D, Li B, Yang S, Wang X, Gao W, Si Z, Zuo Q, Li Y, Li Y, Duan Q, Wang D. Engineering Charge Transfer Characteristics in Hierarchical Cu₂S QDs @ ZnO Nanoneedles with p⁻n Heterojunctions: Towards Highly Efficient and Recyclable Photocatalysts. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 9:E16. [PMID: 30583591 PMCID: PMC6359091 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Equipped with staggered gap p-n heterojunctions, a new paradigm of photocatalysts based on hierarchically structured nano-match-shaped heterojunctions (NMSHs) Cu₂S quantum dots (QDs)@ZnO nanoneedles (NNs) are successfully developed via engineering the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). Under UV and visible light illumination, the photocatalytic characteristics of Cu₂S@ZnO heterojunctions with different loading amounts of Cu₂S QDs are evaluated by the corresponding photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution. The results elaborate that the optimized samples (S3 serial specimens with six cycles of SILAR reaction) by means of tailored the band diagram exhibit appreciable improvement of photocatalytic activities among all synthesized samples, attributing to the sensitization of a proper amount of Cu₂S QDs. Such developed architecture not only could form p⁻n junctions with ZnO nanoneedles to facilitate the separation of photo-generated carries but also interact with the surface defects of ZnO NNs to reduce the electron and hole recombination probability. Moreover, the existence of Cu₂S QDs could also extend the light absorption to improve the utilization rate of sunlight. Importantly, under UV light S3 samples demonstrate the remarkably enhanced RhB degradation efficiency, which is clearly testified upon the charge transfer mechanism discussions and evaluations in the present work. Further supplementary investigations illustrate that the developed nanoscale Cu₂S@ZnO heterostructures also possess an excellent photo-stability during our extensive recycling photocatalytic experiments, promising for a wide range of highly efficient and sustainably recyclable photocatalysts applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglai Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Boxun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Shuo Yang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Xinying Wang
- School of Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City 132012, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China.
| | - Zhenjun Si
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Qinghui Zuo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Yanhui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Yanwei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Qian Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Dandan Wang
- Quality and Reliability Assurance Department, GLOBALFOUNDRIES (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., 60 Woodlands Industrial Park D, Street 2, Singapore 738406, Singapore.
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Lamberti A. ZnO- and TiO₂-Based Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8050325. [PMID: 29757977 PMCID: PMC5977339 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lamberti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@Polito), C.so Trento 21, 10129 Turin, Italy.
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