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Kowalska K, Skwarek E, Demianenko E, Paientko V. Composites with Immobilized Bioactive Spirulina on an Inorganic Substrate (Yellow Clay, Hydroxyapatite, SiO 2, TiO 2, ZnO). Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400251. [PMID: 38679578 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In order to improve the structural properties of clays and composites of powdered spirulina, clay, nanosilica, hydroxyapatite, TiO2 and ZnO were used as an additive for mechanical processing. As a result, composites with natural nanostructured materials (NNM) are prepared with improved structural properties and bioactivity. The mixtures based on NNM with crystalline kaolinite, clays and admixtures were processed in a knife mill. The materials were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption and desorption, SEM release of bioactive components (anthocyanin 0,004-0,07 mg/g; chlorophyll 20-29 mg/g), composite toxicity level (below 25%), particle size measurement and surface charge density, zeta potential. Adsorption enthalpies during the formation of an intermolecular complex during the interactions of an anthocyanin molecule with the appropriate component of the composite were also calculated. There are regularities in the characteristics depending on the type of NNM, particle morphology and textural features of solids. The morphological and structural properties of the components changed slighty in the blends because the processing was conducted under relatively low mechanical stress. The morphological, textural and structural characteristics of the composites as well as the transformation to a nanostructured state, assume great bioactive activity of the composites, interesting for practical applications in medicine and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kowalska
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq., 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Skwarek
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq., 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Evgeny Demianenko
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Victoria Paientko
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq., 20-031, Lublin, Poland
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164, Kyiv, Ukraine
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2
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Derdau V, Elmore CS, Hartung T, McKillican B, Mejuch T, Rosenbaum C, Wiebe C. The Future of (Radio)-Labeled Compounds in Research and Development within the Life Science Industry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306019. [PMID: 37610759 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In this review the applications of isotopically labeled compounds are discussed and put into the context of their future impact in the life sciences. Especially discussing their use in the pharma and crop science industries to follow their fate in the environment, in vivo or in complex matrices to understand the potential harm of new chemical structures and to increase the safety of human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Derdau
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Research & Development, Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, G876, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce McKillican
- Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, North America Product Safety (retired), USA
| | - Tom Mejuch
- BASF SE, Agricultural Solutions, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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An Experimental and Theoretical Study of Dye Properties of Thiophenyl Derivatives of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Lawsone). MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195587. [PMID: 34639987 PMCID: PMC8509387 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A prospective study of the dye properties of non-toxic lawsone thiophenyl derivatives, obtained using a green synthetic methodology allowed for the description of their bathochromic shifts in comparison to those of lawsone, a well-known natural pigment used as a colorant that recently also has aroused interest in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These compounds exhibited colors close to red, with absorption bands in visible and UV wavelength range. The colorimetric study showed that these compounds exhibited a darker color than that of lawsone within a range of colors depending on the substituent in the phenyl ring. Computational calculations employing Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT), showed that the derivatives have lower excitation energies than lawsone, while the alignment of their frontier orbitals regarding the conduction bands of TiO2 and ZnO and the redox potential of the electrolyte I-/I3- suggests that they could be employed as sensitizers. The study of the interactions of the lawsone and a derivative with a TiO2 surface model by different anchoring modes, showed that the adsorption is thermodynamically favored. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis indicates a two-center bonding (BD) O-Ti as the main interaction of the dyes with TiO2.
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Stepaniuk DS, Blazhynska MM, Koverga V, Kyrychenko A, Miannay FA, Idrissi A, Kalugin ON. Solvatochromism of a D205 indoline dye at the interface of a small TiO2-anatase nanoparticle in acetonitrile: a combined molecular dynamics simulation and DFT calculation study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1962526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria S. Stepaniuk
- School of Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Margaret M. Blazhynska
- School of Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516- LASIRe, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Interations, Lille, France
| | - Volodymyr Koverga
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Nouvelle Aquitaine, France
| | - Alexander Kyrychenko
- School of Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - François-Alexandre Miannay
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516- LASIRe, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Interations, Lille, France
| | - Abdenacer Idrissi
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516- LASIRe, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Interations, Lille, France
| | - Oleg N. Kalugin
- School of Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Makkar P, Ghosh NN. A review on the use of DFT for the prediction of the properties of nanomaterials. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27897-27924. [PMID: 35480718 PMCID: PMC9037996 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04876g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured materials have gained immense attraction because of their extraordinary properties compared to the bulk materials to be used in a plethora of applications in myriad fields. In this review article, we have discussed how the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation can be used to explain some of the properties of nanomaterials. With some specific examples here, it has been shown that how closely the different properties of nanomaterials (such as optical, optoelectronics, catalytic and magnetic) predicted by DFT calculations match well with the experimentally determined values. Some examples were discussed in detail to inspire the experimental scientists to conduct DFT-based calculations along with the experiments to derive a better understanding of the experimentally obtained results as well as to predict the properties of the nanomaterial. We have pointed out the challenges associated with DFT, and potential future perspectives of this new exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Makkar
- Nano-materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus Goa 403726 India +91 832 25570339 +91 832 2580318
| | - Narendra Nath Ghosh
- Nano-materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus Goa 403726 India +91 832 25570339 +91 832 2580318
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DFT and TD-DFT Investigation of a Charge Transfer Surface Resonance Raman Model of N3 Dye Bound to a Small TiO 2 Nanoparticle. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061491. [PMID: 34199980 PMCID: PMC8226483 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an important method for studying the configuration of Ru bipyridyl dyes on TiO2. We studied the [Ru(II)(4,4′-COOH-2,2′-bpy)2(NCS)2)] dye (N3) adsorbed on a (TiO2)5 nanoparticle using Density Functional Theory, DFT, to optimize the geometry of the complex and to simulate normal Raman scattering, NRS, for the isolated N3 and the N3–(TiO2)5 complex. Two configurations of N3 are found on the surface both anchored with a carboxylate bridging bidentate linkage but one with the two NCS ligands directed away from the surface and one with one NSC tilted away and the other NCS interacting with the surface. Both configurations also had another –COOH group hydrogen bonded to a Ti-O dangling bond. These configurations can be distinguished from each other by Raman bands at 2104 and 2165 cm−1. The former configuration has more intense Normal Raman Scattering, NRS, on TiO2 surfaces and was studied with Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory, TD-DFT, frequency-dependent Raman simulations. Pre-resonance Raman spectra were simulated for a Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer, MLCT, excited state and for a long-distance CT transition from N3 directly to (TiO2)5. Enhancement factors for the MLCT and long-distance CT processes are around 1 × 103 and 2 × 102, respectively. A Herzberg–Teller intensity borrowing mechanism is implicated in the latter and provides a possible mechanism for the photo-injection of electrons to titania surfaces.
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Blazhynska MM, Stepaniuk DS, Koverga V, Kyrychenko A, Idrissi A, Kalugin ON. Structure and dynamics of TiO2-anchored D205 dye in ionic liquids and acetonitrile. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Garcia JM, Heald LF, Shaffer RE, Sayres SG. Oscillation in Excited State Lifetimes with Size of Sub-nanometer Neutral (TiO 2) n Clusters Observed with Ultrafast Pump-Probe Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4098-4103. [PMID: 33885304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neutral titanium oxide clusters of up to 1 nm in diameter (TiO2)n, with n < 10, are produced in a laser vaporization source and subsequently ionized by a sequence of femtosecond laser pulses. Using a 400 nm pump and 800 nm probe lasers, the excited state lifetimes of neutral (TiO2)n clusters are measured. All clusters exhibit a rapid relaxation lifetime of ∼35 fs, followed by a sub-picosecond lifetime that we attribute to carrier recombination. The excited state lifetimes oscillate with size, with even-numbered clusters possessing longer lifetimes. Density functional theory calculations show the excited state lifetimes are correlated with charge carrier localization or polaron-like formation in the excited states of neutral clusters. Thus, structural rigidity is suggested as a feature for extending excited state lifetimes in titania materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Garcia
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Lauren F Heald
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Ryan E Shaffer
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Scott G Sayres
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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9
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Nguyen HD, Kim J, Lee KK. Rational design of the electrolyte systems for the photochromic device. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Takeshita T. Computational Study of Cresyl Violet Covalently Attached to the Silane Coupling Agents: Application to TiO 2-Based Photocatalysts and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101958. [PMID: 33019555 PMCID: PMC7600687 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The covalent attachment of photosensitizing dyes to TiO2 using silane coupling agents (SCAs) is a promising strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of TiO2-based photocatalysts and the photovoltaic conversion of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This approach can control the geometry and orientation of the photosensitizing dye on the TiO2 surface. In this study, a density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) investigation was carried out on cresyl violet (CV) covalently attached to SCAs with a terminal oxirane group (OTES–Cn) to reveal the influence of OTES–Cn on the geometry of the photosensitizing dyes. The potential of CV covalently attached to OTES–Cn (CV–OTES–Cn) to act as a photosensitizing dye was also analyzed. The hydroxyl group formed by the epoxy-opening reaction between CV and OTES–Cn strongly influenced the geometry of CV–OTES–Cn, which was attributed to a CH–O interaction. Additionally, TD-DFT, frontier molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic potential calculations revealed that CV–OTES–Cn has excellent optical properties and electron injection ability. In particular, the characteristics of the unbent conformation of CV–OTES–Cn are expected to contribute significantly to the photocurrent in TiO2-based photocatalysts and DSSCs. These findings enhance the understanding of the covalent attachment strategy using SCAs and contribute to improving TiO2-based photocatalysts and DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Takeshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Food Science, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Most organic dyes synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) use a single linker group to bind to the metal oxide photo-anode. Here we describe the synthesis and testing of two new triphenylamine dyes containing either two carboxylic acids 5-[2-(4-diphenylamino-phenyl)-vinyl]-isophthalic acid (10) or two cyanoacrylic acids (2Z, 2′Z)-3, 3′-(5-((E)-4-(diphenylamino) styryl)-1, 3-phenylene) bis (2-cyanoacrylic acid) (8) as linker groups. Full characterization data are reported for these dyes and their synthetic intermediates. DSC devices have been prepared from these new dyes either by passive or fast dyeing and the dyes have also been tested in co-sensitized DSC devices leading to a PCE (η = 5.4%) for the double cyanoacrylate linker dye (8) co-sensitized with D149. The dye:TiO2 surface interactions and dye excitations are interpreted using three modelling methods: density functional theory (at 0 K); molecular dynamics (at 298 K); time dependent density functional theory. The modelling results show the preferred orientation of both dyes on an anatase (1 0 1) TiO2 surface to be horizontal, and both the simulated and experimental absorption spectra of the dye molecules indicate a red shifted band for (8) compared to (10). This is in line with broader light harvesting and Jsc for (8) compared to (10).
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Bonasera A, Giuliano G, Arrabito G, Pignataro B. Tackling Performance Challenges in Organic Photovoltaics: An Overview about Compatibilizers. Molecules 2020; 25:E2200. [PMID: 32397234 PMCID: PMC7248780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) based on Bulk Heterojunction (BHJ) blends are a mature technology. Having started their intensive development two decades ago, their low cost, processability and flexibility rapidly funneled the interest of the scientific community, searching for new solutions to expand solar photovoltaics market and promote sustainable development. However, their robust implementation is hampered by some issues, concerning the choice of the donor/acceptor materials, the device thermal/photo-stability, and, last but not least, their morphology. Indeed, the morphological profile of BHJs has a strong impact over charge generation, collection, and recombination processes; control over nano/microstructural morphology would be desirable, aiming at finely tuning the device performance and overcoming those previously mentioned critical issues. The employ of compatibilizers has emerged as a promising, economically sustainable, and widely applicable approach for the donor/acceptor interface (D/A-I) optimization. Thus, improvements in the global performance of the devices can be achieved without making use of more complex architectures. Even though several materials have been deeply documented and reported as effective compatibilizing agents, scientific reports are quite fragmentary. Here we would like to offer a panoramic overview of the literature on compatibilizers, focusing on the progression documented in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Bonasera
- Department of Physics and Chemistry-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, bdg. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.A.)
- INSTM-Palermo Research Unit, viale delle Scienze, bdg. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Giuliano
- Department of Physics and Chemistry-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, bdg. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Arrabito
- Department of Physics and Chemistry-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, bdg. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.A.)
| | - Bruno Pignataro
- Department of Physics and Chemistry-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, bdg. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.A.)
- INSTM-Palermo Research Unit, viale delle Scienze, bdg. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Oprea CI, Panait P, Essam ZM, Abd El-Aal RM, Gîrțu MA. Photoexcitation Processes in Oligomethine Cyanine Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells-Synthesis and Computational Study. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040662. [PMID: 32252286 PMCID: PMC7221816 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report density functional theory (DFT) calculations of three newly synthesized oligomethine cyanine-based dyes as potential TiO2-sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. The three dyes have π-symmetry and the same acceptor side, terminating in the carboxylic anchor, but they differ through the π-bridge and the donor groups. We perform DFT and time-dependent DFT studies and present the electronic structure and optical properties of the dyes alone as well as adsorbed to the TiO2 nanocluster, to provide some predictions on the photovoltaic performance of the system. We analyze theoretically the factors that can influence the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage of the dye-sensitized solar cells. We examine the matching of the absorption spectra of the dye and dye-nanocluster system with the solar irradiation spectrum. We display the energy level diagrams and discuss the alignment between the excited state of the dyes and the conduction band edge of the oxide as well as between the redox level of the electrolyte and the ground state of the dyes. We determine the electron density of the key molecular orbitals and analyze comparatively the electron transfer from the dye to the semiconducting substrate. To put our findings in the right perspective we compare the results of our calculations with those obtained for a coumarin-based dye used in fabricating and testing actual devices, for which experimental data regarding the photovoltaic performance are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu I. Oprea
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Ovidius University of Constanța, 900527 Constanța, Romania;
| | - Petre Panait
- Doctoral School, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Zahraa M. Essam
- Department of Chemistry, Suez University, 43511 Suez, Egypt;
| | - Reda M. Abd El-Aal
- Department of Chemistry, Suez University, 43511 Suez, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (R.M.A.E.-A.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Mihai A. Gîrțu
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Ovidius University of Constanța, 900527 Constanța, Romania;
- Correspondence: (R.M.A.E.-A.); (M.A.G.)
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Abstract
Substantial concentrations of penicillin V potassium (PVK) have been found in the environment, which may pose potential threats to human health and contribute to the emergence of penicillin-resistant bacterial strains. In this study, antibiotic-degrading bacterial strains for PVK were isolated from sludge and characterized. Ochrobactrum tritici was selected for the biodegradation of PVK with high efficiency. To enhance its PVK degradation ability, a whole-cell biodegradation process was established and optimized using Ochrobactrum tritici. The degradation rate with 0.5 mg/ml PVK reached 100% within 3 h. The potential biodegradation pathway was also investigated. To the best of our knowledge, the present study provides new insights into the biodegradation of PVK using an Ochrobactrum tritici strain, a promising candidate strain for the industrial biodegradation of β-lactam antibiotics. Substantial concentrations of penicillin V potassium (PVK) have been found in livestock manure, soil, and wastewater effluents, which may pose potential threats to human health and contribute to the emergence of penicillin-resistant bacterial strains. In this study, bacterial strains capable of degrading PVK were isolated from sludge and characterized. Strain X-2 was selected for biodegradation of PVK. Based on morphological observations and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, strain X-2 was identified as an Ochrobactrum tritici strain. To enhance the PVK degradation ability of PVK, a whole-cell biodegradation process of Ochrobactrum tritici X-2 was established and optimized. In the whole-cell biodegradation process, the optimal temperature and pH were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the degradation rate using 0.5 mg/ml PVK reached 100% within 3 h. During biodegradation, two major metabolites were detected: penicilloic acid and phenolic acid. The present study provides a novel method for the biodegradation of PVK using Ochrobactrum tritici strains, which represent promising candidates for the industrial biodegradation of PVK. IMPORTANCE Substantial concentrations of penicillin V potassium (PVK) have been found in the environment, which may pose potential threats to human health and contribute to the emergence of penicillin-resistant bacterial strains. In this study, antibiotic-degrading bacterial strains for PVK were isolated from sludge and characterized. Ochrobactrum tritici was selected for the biodegradation of PVK with high efficiency. To enhance its PVK degradation ability, a whole-cell biodegradation process was established and optimized using Ochrobactrum tritici. The degradation rate with 0.5 mg/ml PVK reached 100% within 3 h. The potential biodegradation pathway was also investigated. To the best of our knowledge, the present study provides new insights into the biodegradation of PVK using an Ochrobactrum tritici strain, a promising candidate strain for the industrial biodegradation of β-lactam antibiotics.
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Abstract
Solar radiation is becoming increasingly appreciated because of its influence on living matter and the feasibility of its application for a variety of purposes. It is an available and everlasting natural source of energy, rapidly gaining ground as a supplement and alternative to the nonrenewable energy feedstock. Actually, an increasing interest is involved in the development of efficient materials as the core of photocatalytic and photothermal processes, allowing solar energy harvesting and conversion for many technological applications, including hydrogen production, CO2 reduction, pollutants degradation, as well as organic syntheses. Particularly, photosensitive nanostructured hybrid materials synthesized coupling inorganic semiconductors with organic compounds, and polymers or carbon-based materials are attracting ever-growing research attention since their peculiar properties overcome several limitations of photocatalytic semiconductors through different approaches, including dye or charge transfer complex sensitization and heterostructures formation. The aim of this review was to describe the most promising recent advances in the field of hybrid nanostructured materials for sunlight capture and solar energy exploitation by photocatalytic processes. Beside diverse materials based on metal oxide semiconductors, emerging photoactive systems, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and hybrid perovskites, were discussed. Finally, future research opportunities and challenges associated with the design and development of highly efficient and cost-effective photosensitive nanomaterials for technological claims were outlined.
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Moon J, Shin W, Park JT, Jang H. Solid-State Solar Energy Conversion from WO 3 Nano and Microstructures with Charge Transportation and Light-Scattering Characteristics. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121797. [PMID: 31861072 PMCID: PMC6956145 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Solar energy conversion devices composed of highly crystalline gel polymers with disk-WO3 nanostructure and plate-WO3 microstructures (D-WO3 and P-WO3, respectively) exhibited higher power conversion efficiency than those with a gel electrolyte. In this study, D-WO3 and P-WO3 were prepared using a hydrothermal process and their structural and morphological features were investigated for application in solar energy conversion devices. The P-WO3 solid-state electrolyte significantly enhanced the cell performance owing to its charge transportation and light-scattering characteristics. The P-WO3 solid-state electrolyte showed a power conversion efficiency of 6.3%, which is higher than those of the gel (4.2%) and D-WO3 solid-state (5.5%) electrolytes. The electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), intensity-modulated voltage spectroscopy (IMVS), diffuse reflectance, and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) analysis results showed that the P-WO3 solid-state electrolyte showed improved charge transportation and light scattering, and hence enhanced the cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Woojun Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, 20 Gwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Jung Tae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.T.P.); (H.J.); Tel.: +82-2-450-3538 (J.T.P.); +82-2-940-8320 (H.J.)
| | - Hongje Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, 20 Gwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.T.P.); (H.J.); Tel.: +82-2-450-3538 (J.T.P.); +82-2-940-8320 (H.J.)
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