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Shellaiah M, Sun KW, Thirumalaivasan N, Bhushan M, Murugan A. Sensing Utilities of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites and Composites: A Comprehensive Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2504. [PMID: 38676122 PMCID: PMC11054776 DOI: 10.3390/s24082504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the utilization of metal halide perovskites in sensing and their application in environmental studies have reached a new height. Among the different metal halide perovskites, cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX3; X = Cl, Br, and I) and composites have attracted great interest in sensing applications owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Most CsPbX3 nanostructures and composites possess great structural stability, luminescence, and electrical properties for developing distinct optical and photonic devices. When exposed to light, heat, and water, CsPbX3 and composites can display stable sensing utilities. Many CsPbX3 and composites have been reported as probes in the detection of diverse analytes, such as metal ions, anions, important chemical species, humidity, temperature, radiation photodetection, and so forth. So far, the sensing studies of metal halide perovskites covering all metallic and organic-inorganic perovskites have already been reviewed in many studies. Nevertheless, a detailed review of the sensing utilities of CsPbX3 and composites could be helpful for researchers who are looking for innovative designs using these nanomaterials. Herein, we deliver a thorough review of the sensing utilities of CsPbX3 and composites, in the quantitation of metal ions, anions, chemicals, explosives, bioanalytes, pesticides, fungicides, cellular imaging, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), toxic gases, humidity, temperature, radiation, and photodetection. Furthermore, this review also covers the synthetic pathways, design requirements, advantages, limitations, and future directions for this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthaiah Shellaiah
- Department of Research and Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Kien Wen Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Natesan Thirumalaivasan
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Mayank Bhushan
- Department of Research and Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Arumugam Murugan
- Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology, Nirjuli, Itanagar 791109, India;
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García-López J, Khomenko DM, Zakharchenko BV, Doroshchuk RO, Starova VS, Iglesias MJ, Lampeka RD, López-Ortiz F. Solvent- and functional-group-assisted tautomerism of 3-alkyl substituted 5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazoles in DMSO-water. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9443-9458. [PMID: 37997179 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01651j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The tautomerism of a series of 5-alkyl substituted 3-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazoles in DMSO-d6-containing water has been investigated by 1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy. The populations of the three possible regioisomers in the tautomeric equilibrium (A [3-alkyl-5-(2-pyridyl)-1H], B [5-alkyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-1H] and C [5-alkyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-4H]) were determined. Isomers A (17-40%) and B (54-79%) are the major components and their ratio is insensitive to the substitution pattern, except for the unsubstituted and the methoxymethyl substituted derivatives. The isomer C (3-5%) has been fully characterised for the first time by NMR spectroscopy. Activation energies of tautomerisation (14.74-16.78 kcal mol-1) were determined by EXSY experiments, which also supported the involvement of water in the tautomerisation. Substituent effects on the 15N chemical shifts are relatively small. The DFT study of the tautomerism in DMSO-water showed that both A/B and B/C interconversions are assisted by the pyridine substituent and catalysed by solvent molecules. The NH-A/NH-B tautomerisation takes place via a relayed quadruple proton transfer mediated by three water molecules in the hydrogen-bonded cyclic substructure of a triazole·4H2O complex. The equilibrium B ⇄ C involves three steps: NH-B transfer to the pyridyl nitrogen mediated by a water molecule in a 1 : 1 cyclic complex, rotamerisation to bring the pyridinium NH close to N4 of the triazole catalysed by complexation to a DMSO molecule and transfer of the NH from the pyridinium donor to the N4 acceptor via a 1 : 1 complex with a bridging water molecule. This mechanism of 1,3-prototropic shift in triazoles is unprecedented in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús García-López
- Área de Química Orgánica, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain.
| | - Dmytro M Khomenko
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Borys V Zakharchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Roman O Doroshchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Viktoriia S Starova
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine.
| | - María José Iglesias
- Área de Química Orgánica, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain.
| | - Rostyslav D Lampeka
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Fernando López-Ortiz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain.
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Shellaiah M, Sun KW. Diamond-Based Electrodes for Detection of Metal Ions and Anions. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 12:nano12010064. [PMID: 35010014 PMCID: PMC8746347 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diamond electrodes have long been a well-known candidate in electrochemical analyte detection. Nano- and micro-level modifications on the diamond electrodes can lead to diverse analytical applications. Doping of crystalline diamond allows the fabrication of suitable electrodes towards specific analyte monitoring. In particular, boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes have been reported for metal ions, anions, biomolecules, drugs, beverage hazards, pesticides, organic molecules, dyes, growth stimulant, etc., with exceptional performance in discriminations. Therefore, numerous reviews on the diamond electrode-based sensory utilities towards the specified analyte quantifications were published by many researchers. However, reviews on the nanodiamond-based electrodes for metal ions and anions are still not readily available nowadays. To advance the development of diamond electrodes towards the detection of diverse metal ions and anions, it is essential to provide clear and focused information on the diamond electrode synthesis, structure, and electrical properties. This review provides indispensable information on the diamond-based electrodes towards the determination of metal ions and anions.
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Shellaiah M, Chen YT, Thirumalaivasan N, Aazaad B, Awasthi K, Sun KW, Wu SP, Lin MC, Ohta N. Pyrene-Based AIEE Active Nanoprobe for Zn 2+ and Tyrosine Detection Demonstrated by DFT, Bioimaging, and Organic Thin-Film Transistor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28610-28626. [PMID: 34110776 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) active nanoprobes without any synthetic complication for solution-state and organic thin-film transistor (OTFT)-based sensory applications is still a challenging task. In this study, the novel pyrene-incorporated Schiff base (5-phenyl-4-((pyren-1-ylmethylene)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol; PT2) with an AIEE property was synthesized via a one-pot reaction and was reported for detecting Zn2+ and tyrosine in the solution state and OTFT. In the AIEE studies of PT2 (in CH3CN) at various water fractions (fw: 0-97.5%), the existence of J-aggregation, crystalline changes, and nanofibers formation was confirmed by ultraviolet absorption/photoluminescence (UV/PL) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic-light scattering (DLS) techniques. Similarly, PT2-based Zn2+ detection and sensory reversibility with tyrosine were demonstrated by UV/PL studies with evidence related to crystalline/nanolevel changes in PXRD, SEM, TEM, AFM, and DLS data. Distinct decay profiles associated with the AIEE and sensory responses of PT2 were observed in time-resolved photoluminescence spectra. From the standard deviation and linear fittings of PL titrations, detection limits (LODs) of the Zn2+ with PT2 and the tyrosine with PT2-Zn2+ were estimated as 0.79 and 45 nM, respectively. High-resolution mass and 1H NMR results confirmed 2:1 and 1:1 stoichiometry and binding sites of PT2-Zn2+-PT2* and tyrosine-Zn2+ complexes. Moreover, the values of association constants determined by linear fittings were 4.205 × 10-7 and 1.73 × 10-8 M-2, correspondingly. Optimization via the density functional theory disclosed the binding sites and suppression of twisted intramolecular charge transfer/photoinduced electron transfer (TICT/PET) as well as the involvement of restricted intramolecular rotation in the AIEE and PET "ON-OFF-ON" mechanisms in the Zn2+ and tyrosine sensors. Results from the B16-F10 cellular and zebrafish imaging of AIEE, Zn2+, and tyrosine sensors further attested the applicability of PT2 in biological samples. Finally, the PT2 and pentacene-incorporated OTFT devices were fabricated. The devices displayed more than 90% change in drain-source current when reacted with Zn2+ with an LOD of 5.46 μM but showed no response to tyrosine, thereby confirming the reversibility. Moreover, the OTFT devices also demonstrated Zn2+ ion detection in tap water and lake water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthaiah Shellaiah
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Natesan Thirumalaivasan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Basheer Aazaad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kamlesh Awasthi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kien Wen Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pao Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Nobuhiro Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (formerly National Chiao Tung University), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Abstract
Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are noted as exceptional candidates towards the detection and removal of specific analytes. MOFs were reported in particular for the detection/removal of environmental contaminants, such as heavy metal ions, toxic anions, hazardous gases, explosives, etc. Among heavy metal ions, mercury has been noted as a global hazard because of its high toxicity in the elemental (Hg0), divalent cationic (Hg2+), and methyl mercury (CH3Hg+) forms. To secure the environment and living organisms, many countries have imposed stringent regulations to monitor mercury at all costs. Regarding the detection/removal requirements of mercury, researchers have proposed and reported all kinds of MOFs-based luminescent/non-luminescent probes towards mercury. This review provides valuable information about the MOFs which have been engaged in detection and removal of elemental mercury and Hg2+ ions. Moreover, the involved mechanisms or adsorption isotherms related to sensors or removal studies are clarified for the readers. Finally, advantages and limitations of MOFs in mercury detection/removal are described together with future scopes.
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Shellaiah M, Sun KW. Inorganic-Diverse Nanostructured Materials for Volatile Organic Compound Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:633. [PMID: 33477501 PMCID: PMC7831086 DOI: 10.3390/s21020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution related to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become a global issue which attracts intensive work towards their controlling and monitoring. To this direction various regulations and research towards VOCs detection have been laid down and conducted by many countries. Distinct devices are proposed to monitor the VOCs pollution. Among them, chemiresistor devices comprised of inorganic-semiconducting materials with diverse nanostructures are most attractive because they are cost-effective and eco-friendly. These diverse nanostructured materials-based devices are usually made up of nanoparticles, nanowires/rods, nanocrystals, nanotubes, nanocages, nanocubes, nanocomposites, etc. They can be employed in monitoring the VOCs present in the reliable sources. This review outlines the device-based VOC detection using diverse semiconducting-nanostructured materials and covers more than 340 references that have been published since 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kien Wen Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
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Shellaiah M, Thirumalaivasan N, Sun KW, Wu SP. A pH cooperative strategy for enhanced colorimetric sensing of Cr(III) ions using biocompatible L-glutamic acid stabilized gold nanoparticles. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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