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Guo Q, Ma Q, Zhang B, Dai Y, Qi Y. Effect of ZnCl2 assisted chemical bath deposition on preferred orientations and optical properties of ZnO films. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174703. [PMID: 37916598 DOI: 10.1063/5.0178242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Using zinc chloride as an additive assisted with conventional solutions of zinc acetate dihydrate and hexamethylenetetramine, the synthesis of ZnO films by chemical bath deposition was investigated and characterized by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscope, photoluminescence (PL) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. ZnO films with (0002), (101̄2), (112̄2), (112̄0), and (101̄0) preferential growth orientation were prepared by changing the concentration of the introduced zinc chloride. The results of UV-Vis spectrophotometry show that the ZnO films with different preferential growth orientations have optical transmittance of more than 80% in the visible light region. Results from PL show that compared to the typical polar (0002) preferential growth orientation of ZnO, other films with different preferential growth orientations have different visible emissions. It was also confirmed that the concentration of Cl- can affect the defects and preferred orientations of ZnO films. This work enriches the fabrication of ZnO films with different preferential growth orientations and also provides new ideas for the fabrication of ZnO-based transparent nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtian Ma
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qi
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
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Prakash C, Chaurasiya R, Kale AJ, Dixit A. Low-Temperature Highly Robust Hydrogen Sensor Using Pristine ZnO Nanorods with Enhanced Response and Selectivity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28206-28216. [PMID: 35990479 PMCID: PMC9386818 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the hydrogen-sensing response on low-cost-solution-derived ZnO nanorods (NRs) on a glass substrate, integrated with aluminum as interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). The hydrothermally grown ZnO NRs on ZnO seed-layer-glass substrates are vertically aligned and highly textured along the c-axis (002 plane) with texture coefficient ∼2.3. An optimal hydrogen-sensing response of about 21.46% is observed for 150 ppm at 150 °C, which is higher than the responses at 100 and 50 °C, which are ∼12.98 and ∼10.36%, respectively. This can be attributed to the large surface area of ∼14.51 m2/g and pore volume of ∼0.013 cm3/g, associated with NRs and related defects, especially oxygen vacancies in pristine ZnO nanorods. The selective nature is investigated with different oxidizing and reducing gases like NO2, CO, H2S, and NH3, showing relatively much lower ∼4.28, 3.42, 6.43, and 3.51% responses, respectively, at 50 °C for 50 ppm gas concentration. The impedance measurements also substantiate the same as the observed surface resistance is initially more than bulk, which reduces after introducing the hydrogen gas during sensing measurements. The humidity does not show any significant change in the hydrogen response, which is ∼20.5 ± 1.5% for a large humidity range (from 10 to 65%). More interestingly, the devices are robust against sensing response, showing no significant change after 10 months or even more.
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Hamdi S, Smaoui H, Guermazi S, Leroy G, Duponchel B. Enhancing the structural, optical and electrical conductivity properties of ZnO nanopowders through Dy doping. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Crapanzano R, Villa I, Mostoni S, D’Arienzo M, Di Credico B, Fasoli M, Scotti R, Vedda A. Morphology Related Defectiveness in ZnO Luminescence: From Bulk to Nano-Size. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101983. [PMID: 33036427 PMCID: PMC7601266 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the relationship between material morphology (size, growth parameters and interfaces) and optical emissions in ZnO through an experimental approach, including the effect of different material dimensions from bulk to nano-size, and different excitations, from optical sources to ionizing radiation. Silica supported ZnO nanoparticles and ligand capped ZnO nanoparticles are synthesized through a sol–gel process and hot injection method, respectively. Their optical properties are investigated by radioluminescence, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence, and compared to those of commercial micrometric powders and of a bulk single crystal. The Gaussian spectral reconstruction of all emission spectra highlights the occurrence of the same emission bands for all samples, comprising one ultraviolet excitonic peak and four visible defect-related components, whose relative intensities and time dynamics vary with the material parameters and the measurement conditions. The results demonstrate that a wide range of color outputs can be obtained by tuning synthesis conditions and size of pure ZnO nanoparticles, with favorable consequences for the engineering of optical devices based on this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Crapanzano
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
| | - Irene Villa
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-6448-5169
| | - Silvia Mostoni
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Massimiliano D’Arienzo
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Barbara Di Credico
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Mauro Fasoli
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
| | - Roberto Scotti
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Anna Vedda
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
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Functional Nanostructures for Sensors, Optoelectronic Devices, and Drug Delivery. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061195. [PMID: 32575371 PMCID: PMC7353124 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Vangelatos Z, Micheletti A, Grigoropoulos CP, Fraternali F. Design and Testing of Bistable Lattices with Tensegrity Architecture and Nanoscale Features Fabricated by Multiphoton Lithography. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040652. [PMID: 32244533 PMCID: PMC7221601 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A bistable response is an innate feature of tensegrity metamaterials, which is a conundrum to attain in other metamaterials, since it ushers unconventional static and dynamical mechanical behaviors. This paper investigates the design, modeling, fabrication and testing of bistable lattices with tensegrity architecture and nanoscale features. First, a method to design bistable lattices tessellating tensegrity units is formulated. The additive manufacturing of these structures is performed through multiphoton lithography, which enables the fabrication of microscale structures with nanoscale features and extremely high resolution. Different modular lattices, comprised of struts with 250 nm minimum radius, are tested under loading-unloading uniaxial compression nanoindentation tests. The compression tests confirmed the activation of the designed bistable twisting mechanism in the examined lattices, combined with a moderate viscoelastic response. The force-displacement plots of the 3D assemblies of bistable tensegrity prisms reveal a softening behavior during the loading from the primary stable configuration and a subsequent snapping event that drives the structure into a secondary stable configuration. The twisting mechanism that characterizes such a transition is preserved after unloading and during repeated loading-unloading cycles. The results of the present study elucidate that fabrication of multistable tensegrity lattices is highly feasible via multiphoton lithography and promulgates the fabrication of multi-cell tensegrity metamaterials with unprecedented static and dynamic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Vangelatos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA;
| | - Andrea Micheletti
- Department of Civil and Computer Science Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome RM, Italy;
| | - Costas P. Grigoropoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-510-642-2525
| | - Fernando Fraternali
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano SA, Italy;
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Obeid MM, Jappor HR, Al-Marzoki K, Al-Hydary IA, Edrees SJ, Shukur MM. Unraveling the effect of Gd doping on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of ZnO based diluted magnetic semiconductor nanorods. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33207-33221. [PMID: 35529138 PMCID: PMC9073360 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04750f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural, magnetic, and optical properties of the pristine and Gd-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs), prepared by facile thermal decomposition, have been studied using a combination of experimental and density functional theory (DFT) with Hubbard U correction approaches. The XRD patterns demonstrate the single-phase wurtzite structure of the pristine and doped ZnO. The rod-like shape of the nanoparticles has been examined by FESEM and TEM techniques. Elemental compositions of the pure and doped samples were identified by EDX measurement. Due to the Burstein–Moss shift, the optical band gaps of the doped samples have been widened compared to pristine ZnO. The PL spectra show the presence of complex defects. Room temperature magnetic properties have been measured using VSM and revealed the coexistence of paramagnetic and weak ferromagnetic ordering in Gd3+ doped ZnO-NRs. The magnetic moment was increased upon addition of more Gd ions into the ZnO host lattice. The DFT+U calculations confirm that the presence of vacancy-complexes has a significant effect on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of a pristine ZnO system. Gd doped ZnO nanorods.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Obeid
- Department of Ceramic
- College of Materials Engineering
- University of Babylon
- Hilla
- Iraq
| | - Hamad R. Jappor
- Department of Physics
- College of Education for Pure Sciences
- University of Babylon
- Hilla
- Iraq
| | - Kutaiba Al-Marzoki
- Department of Ceramic
- College of Materials Engineering
- University of Babylon
- Hilla
- Iraq
| | - Imad Ali Al-Hydary
- Department of Ceramic
- College of Materials Engineering
- University of Babylon
- Hilla
- Iraq
| | - Shaker J. Edrees
- Department of Ceramic
- College of Materials Engineering
- University of Babylon
- Hilla
- Iraq
| | - Majid M. Shukur
- Department of Ceramic
- College of Materials Engineering
- University of Babylon
- Hilla
- Iraq
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