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Garg A, Chauhan A, Agnihotri C, Singh BP, Mondem V, Basu S, Agnihotri S. Sunlight active cellulose/g-C 3N 4/TiO 2nano-photocatalyst for simultaneous degradation of methylene blue dye and atenolol drug in real wastewater. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:505705. [PMID: 37708885 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acf9ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The paper critically addresses two contemporary environmental challenges, the water crisis and the unrestricted discharge of organic pollutants in waterways together. An eco-friendly method was used to fabricate a cellulose/g-C3N4/TiO2photocatalytic composite that displayed a remarkable degradation of methylene blue dye and atenolol drug under natural sunlight. Introducing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) onto pristine TiO2improved hybrid material's photonic efficacy and enhanced interfacial charge separation. Furthermore, immobilizing TiO2/g-C3N4on a semi-interpenetrating cellulose matrix promoted photocatalyst recovery and its reuse, ensuring practical affordability. Under optimized conditions, the nano-photocatalyst exhibited ∼95% degradation of both contaminants within two hours while retaining ∼55% activity after ten cycles demonstrating a promising photostability. The nano-photocatalyst caused 66% and 57% reduction in COD and TOC values in industrial wastewater containing these pollutants. The photocatalysis was fitted to various models to elucidate the degradation kinetics, while LC-MS results suggested the mineralization pathway of dye majorly via ring opening demethylation. >98% disinfection was achieved againstE. coli(104-105CFU·ml-1) contaminated water. This study thus paves multifaceted strategies to treat wastewater contaminants at environmental levels employing nano-photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Garg
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Charu Agnihotri
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Bhim Pratap Singh
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Vasundhara Mondem
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Road, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Shekhar Agnihotri
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
- Centre for Advanced Translational Research in Food Nano-Biotechnology (CATR-FNB), National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat-131028, Haryana, India
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2
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Synthesis and Application of Innovative and Environmentally Friendly Photocatalysts: A Review. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern society faces two major challenges: removing pollutants from water and producing energy from renewable sources. To do this, science proposes innovative, low-cost, and environmentally friendly methods. The heterogeneous photocatalysis process fits perfectly in this scenario. In fact, with photocatalysis, it is possible both to mineralize contaminants that are not easily biodegradable and to produce hydrogen from the water splitting reaction or from the conversion of organic substances present in water. However, the main challenge in the field of heterogeneous photocatalysis is to produce low-cost and efficient photocatalysts active under visible light or sunlight. The objective of this review is to compare the new proposals for the synthesis of innovative photocatalysts that reflect the requirements of green chemistry, applied both in the removal of organic contaminants and in hydrogen production. From this comparison, we want to bring out the strengths and weaknesses of the proposals in the literature, but above all, new ideas to improve the efficiency of heterogeneous photocatalysis guaranteeing the principles of environmental and economic sustainability.
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Wang J, Wang Z, Wang W, Wang Y, Hu X, Liu J, Gong X, Miao W, Ding L, Li X, Tang J. Synthesis, modification and application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a review. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:6709-6734. [PMID: 35475489 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08349j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been heavily investigated owing to its low cost, benign nature and strong photocatalytic ability. Thus, TiO2 has broad applications including photocatalysts, Li-ion batteries, solar cells, medical research and so on. However, the performance of TiO2 is not satisfactory due to many factors such as the broad band gap (3.01 to 3.2 eV) and fast recombination of electron-hole pairs (10-12 to 10-11 s). Plenty of work has been undertaken to improve the properties, such as structural and dopant modifications, which broaden the applications of TiO2. This review mainly discusses the aspects of TiO2-modified nanoparticles including synthetic methods, modifications and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqi Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jixian Liu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xuezhong Gong
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Wenli Miao
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Linliang Ding
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xinbo Li
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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4
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Synthesis and Evaluation of FeSX/TiO2 for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol under Visible-Light Region. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, phenol was used as a model molecule to the photocatalytic evaluation of TiO2 impregnated with iron sulphide and chlorine on a visible-light reactor. The iron–chlorine catalyst was prepared by incipient impregnation with the metal precursors, Fe (NO3)3 and NaCl on previously calcined TiO2. The catalyst was sulphurized with H2S at 300 °C for 1 h. The catalysts were prepared at different chlorine concentrations using HYDRA chemical equilibrium diagrams to obtain different fractions of FeCl+. The oxide catalysts were characterized with diffuse reflectance (DRS UV–Vis) and temperature programmed reduction analysis (TPR). Sulphurized catalysts were characterized with Raman spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The FeS–2Cl/TiO2 catalyst presented 8.35 times higher photodegradation than TiO2 and 6.4 times higher compared to the FeS–0.25Cl/TiO2 catalyst. DRS and XPS showed similar results of band gap, proving that the catalyst remain stable after sulphurisation. The TPR results of FeS–2Cl/TiO2 showed an increment of 86.29% in Fe2+/Fe3+ compared to FeS–0.25Cl/TiO2. XPS and Raman results for oxide and sulphated iron species relation suggested that FeS–2Cl/TiO2 decreased 4.45% compared to FeS–0.25Cl/TiO2 catalyst. XPS semiquantitative for S/Fe results showed that the FeS–2Cl/TiO2 catalyst increased 73.17% in comparison to FeS–0.25Cl/TiO2. These results suggested the increment of sulphurisation degree for FeS–2Cl/TiO2. In this regard, the catalyst characterization results showed that the presence of FeCl+ (0.85 fractions) in solution before impregnation promoted the active sulphide species maintaining the band gap and improved the degradation of phenol on visible light.
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Wang W, Yu H, Li K, Lin F, Huang C, Yan B, Cheng Z, Li X, Chen G, Hou LA. Insoluble matrix proteins from shell waste for synthesis of visible-light response photocatalyst to mineralize indoor gaseous formaldehyde. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125649. [PMID: 33743377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
HCHO is the most concerned indoor air pollutant that photocatalytic degradation is a feasible approach. To achieve efficient and complete degradation of HCHO under visible light irradiation, heteroatoms are usually doped in TiO2. But using natural materials as a dopant instead of expensive and toxic chemicals to fertilize TiO2 remains challenging. This paper proposes a sustainable and green approach to synthesize an efficient N, Ca co-doped TiO2 photocatalyst (TIMP) by using the insoluble matrix proteins (IMPs) extracted from abalone shell. TIMP-0.8 achieves near completely degradation HCHO within 45 min under visible light at ambient temperature and exhibits superior stability after 7 cycles. TIMP-0.8 has monodispersity with smaller diameter, high porosity, abundant defects and high adsorption affinity for surface hydroxyls compared with pure TiO2. With the assistance of IMPs, the rate-determining step of HCHO degradation changes from -COOH oxidation to spontaneous decomposition of HCO3-, significantly facilitating the elimination and mineralization of HCHO. Overall, IMPs from abalone shell are natural surfactant, bio-templet, and dopant for TiO2 modification, contributing to desirable visible-light photocatalytic performance for HCHO degradation. This paper provides new insight for high-value utilization of waste shell and photocatalytic indoor purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Hongdi Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Kai Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Fawei Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Qingdao Junrong Institute of Innovation Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Li-An Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Xi'an High-Tech Institute, Xi'an 710025, PR China.
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Chen CH, Peng YP, Lin MH, Chang KL, Lin YC, Sun J. Iron Modified Titanate Nanotube Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Removal of E. coli. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1944. [PMID: 34443780 PMCID: PMC8398541 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study used iron modified titanate nanotube arrays (Fe/TNAs) to remove E. coli in a photoelectrochemical system. The Fe/TNAs was synthesized by the anodization method and followed by the square wave voltammetry electrochemical deposition (SWVE) method with ferric nitrate as the precursor. Fe/TNAs were characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, and UV-vis DRS to investigate the surface properties and light absorption. As a result, the iron nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully deposited on the tubular structure of the TNAs, which showed the best light utilization. Moreover, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of the Fe/TNAs were measured by current-light response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The photocurrent of the Fe/TNAs-0.5 (3.5 mA/cm2) was higher than TNAs (2.0 mA/cm2) and electron lifetime of Fe/TNAs-0.5 (433.3 ms) were also longer than TNAs (290.3 ms). Compared to the photolytic (P), photocatalytic (PC), and electrochemical (EC) method, Fe/TNAs PEC showed the best removal efficiency for methyl orange degradation. Furthermore, the Fe/TNAs PEC system also performed better removal efficiency than that of photolysis method in E. coli degradation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Chen
- Institute of Environment Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yen-Ping Peng
- Institute of Environment Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Ming-Hsun Lin
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- Institute of Environment Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yung-Chang Lin
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaoshiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Cheng Shiu University, Kaoshiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
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Feizpoor S, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Chand H, Krishnan V. Integration of Bi5O7I with TiO2: Binary photocatalysts with boosted visible-light photocatalysis in removal of organic contaminants. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Wang W, Lin F, Yan B, Cheng Z, Chen G, Kuang M, Yang C, Hou L. The role of seashell wastes in TiO 2/Seashell composites: Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye under sunlight. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109831. [PMID: 32798949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a sustainable and facile approach for the synthesis of photocatalysts in which shell waste is used as support material. The synthesized photocatalysts exhibited a significant performance in the mineralization of organic substances under solar irradiation or artificial lighting. Calcined abalone shell with a TiO2 loading of 23.4% led to a significant improvement in optical absorption: the degradation efficiencies of methylene blue (MB) after 140 min under UV light, vis light, UV-vis light, and natural sunlight were 93%, 96%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Notably, the byproducts obtained after the degradation by commercial P25 TiO2 disappeared with the utilization of shell waste as support material. The Na, Sr, S present in the calcined abalone shell were doped into the substitutional sites of TiO2 and were indispensable to achieve the desired band-gap narrowing and photocatalytic performance; moreover, the Ti and Zn oxides in the calcined abalone shell acted as semiconductors and improved the charge separation efficiency of TiO2. Above all, this paper describes a green synthesis based on the use of waste seashell. This material acts as an excellent photocatalyst support for environmental pollution treatments, leading to the 'control of waste by waste' and opening up new possibilities for shell waste reutilization and sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Fawei Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850012, China
| | - Meng Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials, China Building Materials Academy, Beijing, 100024, PR China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Lian Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China; Xi'an High-Tech Institute, Xi'an, 710025, China.
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N-Doped Carbon-Coated ZnS with Sulfur-Vacancy Defect for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity in the Visible Light Region. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121657. [PMID: 31766440 PMCID: PMC6956101 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, N-doped carbon-coated ZnS with a sulfur-vacancy defect (ZnS@N-C) was performed for the visible-light-driven photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH). The obtained ZnS@N-C exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with ZnS for TCH removal. Among these ZnS@N-C composites, ZnS@N-C-3 with N-doped content of 3.01% (100 nm) presented the best visible-light photocatalytic activity and superior long-term photocatalytic stability after five cycle times for TCH removal in the visible light region. This may be ascribed to the interface between the N-doped carbon shell and ZnS with a sulfur-vacancy defect for efficient charge transfer and the restrained recombination of charge carriers. Electron spin resonance (ESR) results indicate that the ·O2‒ radical plays a crucial role in the enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnS@N-C-3.
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