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Guan R, Xu H, Lou Z, Zhao Z, Wang L. Design and Development of Metasurface Materials for Enhancing Photodetector Properties. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402530. [PMID: 38970208 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Recently, metasurface-based photodetectors (metaphotodetectors) have been developed and applied in various fields. Metasurfaces are artificial materials with unique properties that have emerged over the past decade, and photodetectors are powerful tools used to quantify incident electromagnetic wave information by measuring changes in the conductivity of irradiated materials. Through an efficient microstructural design, metasurfaces can effectively regulate numerous characteristics of electromagnetic waves and have demonstrated unique advantages in various fields, including holographic projection, stealth, biological image enhancement, biological sensing, and energy absorption applications. Photodetectors play a crucial role in military and civilian applications; therefore, efficient photodetectors are essential for optical communications, imaging technology, and spectral analysis. Metaphotodetectors have considerably improved sensitivity and noise-equivalent power and miniaturization over conventional photodetectors. This review summarizes the advantages of metaphotodetectors based on five aspects. Furthermore, the applications of metaphotodetectors in various fields including military and civil applications, are systematically discussed. It highlights the potential future applications and developmental trends of metasurfaces in metaphotodetectors, provides systematic guidance for their development, and establishes metasurfaces as a promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institution of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institution of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zheng Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institution of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Faculty of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institution of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Ali W, Liu W, Liu Y, Li Z. Near-Infrared Perfect Absorption and Refractive Index Sensing Enabled by Split Ring Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2668. [PMID: 37836309 PMCID: PMC10574369 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures as narrowband perfect absorbers have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in biosensing and environment detection. This study emphasizes the investigation of arrayed split ring nanostructures within the configuration of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) multilayers, resulting in a maximum light absorption of 99.94% in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral range. The exceptional absorption efficiency of the device is attributed to the strong resonance of electric and magnetic fields arising from the Fabry-Pérot cavity resonance. The resonant peak can be flexibly tuned by engineering the dielectric layer thickness, the period, and the geometric parameter of split rings. Remarkably, the device exhibits promising capabilities in sensing, demonstrating a sensitivity of 326 nm/RIU in visible wavelengths and 504 nm/RIU in NIR wavelengths when exposed to bio-analytes with varying refractive indices. This designed nanostructure can serve as a promising candidate for biosensors or environmental detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (W.A.)
| | - Weitao Liu
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geomatic Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ye Liu
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (W.A.)
| | - Ziwei Li
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (W.A.)
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Bărar A, Maclean SA, Dănilă O, Taylor AD. Towards High-Efficiency Photon Trapping in Thin-Film Perovskite Solar Cells Using Etched Fractal Metadevices. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16113934. [PMID: 37297068 DOI: 10.3390/ma16113934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reflective loss is one of the main factors contributing to power conversion efficiency limitation in thin-film perovskite solar cells. This issue has been tackled through several approaches, such as anti-reflective coatings, surface texturing, or superficial light-trapping metastructures. We report detailed simulation-based investigations on the photon trapping capabilities of a standard Methylammonium Lead Iodide (MAPbI3) solar cell, with its top layer conveniently designed as a fractal metadevice, to reach a reflection value R<0.1 in the visible domain. Our results show that, under certain architecture configurations, reflection values below 0.1 are obtained throughout the visible domain. This represents a net improvement when compared to the 0.25 reflection yielded by a reference MAPbI3 having a plane surface, under identical simulation conditions. We also present the minimum architectural requirements of the metadevice by comparing it to simpler structures of the same family and performing a comparative study. Furthermore, the designed metadevice presents low power dissipation and exhibits approximately similar behavior regardless of the incident polarization angle. As a result, the proposed system is a viable candidate for being a standard requirement in obtaining high-efficiency perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bărar
- Electronic Technology and Reliability Department, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 060082 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stephen Akwei Maclean
- Chemical Engineering Department, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Octavian Dănilă
- Physics Department, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 060082 Bucharest, Romania
| | - André D Taylor
- Chemical Engineering Department, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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Chern RL, Yang HC, Chang JC. Bound states in the continuum in asymmetric dual-patch metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:16570-16581. [PMID: 37157733 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the bound states in the continuum (BICs) in dielectric metasurfaces consisting of asymmetric dual rectangular patches in the unit cell of a square lattice. Various types of BICs are identified in the metasurface at normal incidence, associated with very large quality factors and vanishing spectral linewidths. In particular, symmetry-protected (SP) BICs occur when the four patches are fully symmetric, which exhibit antisymmetric field patterns that are decoupled from the symmetric incident waves. By breaking the symmetry of patch geometry, the SP BICs degrade to quasi-BICs that are characterized by Fano resonance. Accidental BICs and Friedrich-Wintgen (FW) BICs occur when the asymmetry is introduced in the upper two patches, while holding the lower two patches symmetric. The accidental BICs occur on isolated bands when the linewidth of either the quadrupole-like mode or LC-like mode vanishes by tuning the upper vertical gap width. The FW BICs appear when the avoided crossing is formed between the dispersion bands of dipole-like and quadrupole-like modes by tuning the lower vertical gap width. At a special asymmetry ratio, the accidental BICs and FW BICs may appear in the same transmittance or dispersion diagram, accompanied with the concurrence of dipole-like, quadrupole-like, and LC-like modes.
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Toroidal Dipole Excitation in Metamaterial Perfect Absorber Consisting of Dielectric Nanodisks Quadrumer Clusters and Spacer on Metal Substrate. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9070462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We proposed an infrared narrowband metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA) which is induced by toroidal dipole resonance in a dielectric-metal hybrid system. The MPA is composed of amorphous-silicon (a-Si) nanodisk quadrumer clusters, dielectric spacer, and Au substrate, where the dielectric spacer is inserted between Si disk quadrumer and Au substrate. Near field distribution and multipole decomposition of far-field, scattering powers show that toroidal dipole mode is formed by opposite phase magnetic dipoles in neighboring Si nanodisks. The effects of geometric and material parameters on absorption characteristics were explored. The sensing performance of the MPA was also evaluated. The proposed MPA has potential applications in air sensing applications. Since the nanodisks quadrumer of the MPA retains C4v symmetry, perfect absorption band is polarization independent. Furthermore, the absorption quality factor of the hybrid dielectric-metal hybrid absorber is higher than that of all-metal perfect absorbers, thanks to the low loss feature of the dielectric resonator.
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Cao BW, Li C, Shi WJ, Han CQ, Wu Y, Yan CC. Large-area mid-infrared broadband absorbers based on spiral ITO resulting from the combination of two different broadening absorption methods. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:34427-34440. [PMID: 34809233 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large-area mid-infrared broadband absorber is proposed in this paper. The absorber is a spiral ITO structure grown on a hexagonal lattice arrangement of silicon nanopillars by using a glancing angle deposition method. The experimental results show that when the heights of the silicon nanopillars are 1.7 µm and the number of rotation depositions is n = 5, that is, the rotation angle is 150 degrees, the absorber absorbs more than 81% of electromagnetic waves in the 2.5-6 µm spectral range. In the atmospheric window of 3-5 µm, the integral absorption reaches 96%. The experimental results also show that the absorbing ability of the ITO structure in the mid-infrared atmospheric window is significantly stronger than that of the structure composed of silver under the same preparation conditions. The main reasons for the broadband absorption are that the spiral ITO structure has resonant absorption of electromagnetic waves with different wavelengths in the empty cavity regions with different sizes, and ITO has longer penetration depths than noble metals in the mid-infrared band, which brings about stronger broadband absorption. The combination of the two leads to a broadening of the total absorption spectrum. The higher heights of the silicon nanopillars enhance absorption further. Additionally, the loose spiral ITO distributions indicate lower mean plasma concentration and then increase penetration depths further, resulting in stronger light absorption. Such a large-area mid-infrared absorption structure with a simple preparation method has potential applications in mid-infrared cloaking and sensing.
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Liu Y, Huang R, Ouyang Z. Numerical Investigation of Graphene and STO Based Tunable Terahertz Absorber with Switchable Bifunctionality of Broadband and Narrowband Absorption. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082044. [PMID: 34443875 PMCID: PMC8400175 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A graphene metamaterial and strontium titanate (STO)-based terahertz absorber with tunable and switchable bifunctionality has been numerically investigated in this work. Through electrically tuning the Fermi energy level of the cross-shaped graphene, the bandwidth of the proposed absorber varies continuously from 0.12 THz to 0.38 THz with the absorptance exceeding 90%, which indicates the functionality of broadband absorption. When the Fermi energy level of the cross-shaped graphene is 0 eV, the proposed absorber exhibits the other functionality of narrowband absorption owing to the thermal control of the relative permittivity of STO, and the rate of change of the center frequency is 50% ranging from 0.56 THz to 0.84 THz. The peak intensity of the narrowband absorption approximates to nearly 100% through adjusting the Fermi energy level of the graphene strips. The calculated results indicate that it is not sensitive to the polarization for wide incidence angles. The proposed absorber can realize tunable bifunctionality of broadband absorption with a tunable bandwidth and narrowband absorption with a tunable center frequency, which provides an alternative design opinion of the tunable terahertz devices with high performance for high-density integrated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- THz Technical Research Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China;
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China;
| | - Zhengbiao Ouyang
- THz Technical Research Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- Correspondence:
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Qi B, Chen W, Niu T, Mei Z. Ultra-Broadband Refractory All-Metal Metamaterial Selective Absorber for Solar Thermal Energy Conversion. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1872. [PMID: 34443702 PMCID: PMC8398624 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A full-spectrum near-unity solar absorber has attracted substantial attention in recent years, and exhibited broad application prospects in solar thermal energy conversion. In this paper, an all-metal titanium (Ti) pyramid structured metamaterial absorber (MMA) is proposed to achieve broadband absorption from the near-infrared to ultraviolet, exhibiting efficient solar-selective absorption. The simulation results show that the average absorption rate in the wavelength range of 200-2620 nm reached more than 98.68%, and the solar irradiation absorption efficiency in the entire solar spectrum reached 98.27%. The photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE) reached 95.88% in the entire solar spectrum at a temperature of 700 °C. In addition, the strong and broadband absorption of the MMA are due to the strong absorption of local surface plasmon polariton (LSPP), coupled results of multiple plasmons and the strong loss of the refractory titanium material itself. Additionally, the analysis of the results show that the MMA has wide-angle incidence and polarization insensitivity, and has a great processing accuracy tolerance. This broadband MMA paves the way for selective high-temperature photothermal conversion devices for solar energy harvesting and seawater desalination applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhonglei Mei
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.Q.); (W.C.); (T.N.)
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Zhang L, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Yin Y, Li Q, Lei J, Zhu Y. Tunable polarization-sensitive, long-wave infrared MDM subwavelength grating structure with wide-angle, narrow-band, and high absorption. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:21473-21491. [PMID: 34265934 DOI: 10.1364/oe.428427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a polarization-sensitive, metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) subwavelength grating structure based on surface plasmon resonance that achieves wide-angle, narrow-band, and high absorption in the long-infrared region. The resonance characteristics of the MDM structure, excited by magnetic resonance (MR), cause the transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes to polarize. A model of the inductor capacitor (LC) circuit is also presented. Structural simulations demonstrate a near-perfect absorption characteristic (99.99%) at 9 µm center wavelength. For TM polarization with incident angles ranging from 0° to 89°, the MDM grating structure produced absorption rates over 90%, 81%, and 71% for incident angles of 66°, 73°, and 77°, respectively. The absorption peaks in the long-wave infrared band can be adjusted by varying the duty cycle or period, without adjusting structural parameters. The spectral absorption curve shows a red shift and maintains high absorption, with wide-angle and narrow-band, across various azimuth angles (0-90°), during an increase in duty cycle or period. This method reduces the difficulty and complexity of micro-nano processing, and enables multiple absorbers in the long-infrared band (7.5-13 µm) to be processed and prepared on the same substrate surface.
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Hwang J, Ku Z, Jeon J, Kim Y, Kim JO, Kim DK, Urbas A, Kim EK, Lee SJ. Plasmonic-Layered InAs/InGaAs Quantum-Dots-in-a-Well Pixel Detector for Spectral-Shaping and Photocurrent Enhancement. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1827. [PMID: 32933197 PMCID: PMC7559483 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The algorithmic spectrometry as an alternative to traditional approaches has the potential to become the next generation of infrared (IR) spectral sensing technology, which is free of physical optical filters, and only a very small number of data are required from the IR detector. A key requirement is that the detector spectral responses must be engineered to create an optimal basis that efficiently synthesizes spectral information. Light manipulation through metal perforated with a two-dimensional square array of subwavelength holes provides remarkable opportunities to harness the detector response in a way that is incorporated into the detector. Instead of previous experimental efforts mainly focusing on the change over the resonance wavelength by tuning the geometrical parameters of the plasmonic layer, we experimentally and numerically demonstrate the capability for the control over the shape of bias-tunable response spectra using a fixed plasmonic structure as well as the detector sensitivity improvement, which is enabled by the anisotropic dielectric constants of the quantum dots-in-a-well (DWELL) absorber and the presence of electric field along the growth direction. Our work will pave the way for the development of an intelligent IR detector, which is capable of direct viewing of spectral information without utilizing any intervening the spectral filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehwan Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.H.); (J.J.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Physics and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Zahyun Ku
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA; (Z.K.); (A.U.)
| | - Jiyeon Jeon
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.H.); (J.J.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Yeongho Kim
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.H.); (J.J.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jun Oh Kim
- Advanced Instrumentation Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
| | - Deok-Kee Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Augustine Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA; (Z.K.); (A.U.)
| | - Eun Kyu Kim
- Department of Physics and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (J.H.); (J.J.); (Y.K.)
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Kumagai T, To N, Balčytis A, Seniutinas G, Juodkazis S, Nishijima Y. Kirchhoff's Thermal Radiation from Lithography-Free Black Metals. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11090824. [PMID: 32872613 PMCID: PMC7570237 DOI: 10.3390/mi11090824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lithography-free black metals composed of a nano-layered stack of materials are attractive not only due to their optical properties but also by virtue of fabrication simplicity and the cost reduction of devices based on such structures. We demonstrate multi-layer black metal layered structures with engineered electromagnetic absorption in the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range. Characterization of thin SiO2 and Si films sandwiched between two Au layers by way of experimental electromagnetic radiation absorption and thermal radiation emission measurements as well as finite difference time domain (FDTD) numerical simulations is presented. Comparison of experimental and simulation data derived optical properties of multi-layer black metals provide guidelines for absorber/emitter structure design and potential applications. In addition, relatively simple lithography-free multi-layer structures are shown to exhibit absorber/emitter performance that is on par with what is reported in the literature for considerably more elaborate nano/micro-scale patterned metasurfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Kumagai
- Department of Physics, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (N.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Naoki To
- Department of Physics, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (N.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Armandas Balčytis
- Department of Physics, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (N.T.); (A.B.)
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, A. Goštauto 9, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Seniutinas
- Optical Sciences Centre and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (G.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Saulius Juodkazis
- Optical Sciences Centre and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (G.S.); (S.J.)
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishijima
- Department of Physics, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (N.T.); (A.B.)
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Chen X, Fan W. Tunable Bound States in the Continuum in All-Dielectric Terahertz Metasurfaces. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E623. [PMID: 32230957 PMCID: PMC7221776 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a tunable terahertz dielectric metasurfaces consisting of split gap bars in the unit cell is proposed and theoretically demonstrated, where the sharp high-quality Fano resonance can be achieved through excitation of quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC) by breaking in-plane symmetry of the unit cell structure. With the structural asymmetry parameter decreasing and vanishing, the calculated eigenmodes spectra demonstrate the resonance changes from Fano to symmetry-protected BIC mode, and the radiative quality factors obey the inverse square law. Moreover, combining with graphene monolayer and strontium titanate materials, the quasi-BIC Fano resonance can be tuned independently, where the resonance amplitude can be tuned by adjusting the Fermi level of graphene and the resonance frequency can be tuned by controlling the temperature of strontium titanate materials. The proposed structure has numerous potential applications on tunable devices including modulators, switches, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China;
| | - Wenhui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China;
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Shang S, Tang F, Ye X, Li Q, Li H, Wu J, Wu Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zheng W. High-Efficiency Metasurfaces with 2π Phase Control Based on Aperiodic Dielectric Nanoarrays. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020250. [PMID: 32023807 PMCID: PMC7075171 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the high-efficiency phase control Si metasurfaces are investigated based on aperiodic nanoarrays unlike widely-used period structures, the aperiodicity of which providing additional freedom to improve metasurfaces' performance. Firstly, the phase control mechanism of Huygens nanoblocks is demonstrated, particularly the internal electromagnetic resonances and the manipulation of effective electrical/magnetic polarizabilities. Then, a group of high-transmission Si nanoblocks with 2π phase control is sought by sweeping the geometrical parameters. Finally, several metasurfaces, such as grating and parabolic lens, are numerically realized by the nanostructures with high efficiency. The conversion efficiency of the grating reaches 80%, and the focusing conversion efficiency of the metalens is 99.3%. The results show that the high-efficiency phase control metasurfaces can be realized based on aperiodic nanoarrays, i.e., additional design freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Shang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Feng Tang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Xin Ye
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Qingzhi Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Hailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1348-867-5143 (H.L.); +86-1360-817-4673(Z.Z.); +86-1539-9778-0786 (W.Z.)
| | - Jingjun Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Yiman Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jun Chen
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1348-867-5143 (H.L.); +86-1360-817-4673(Z.Z.); +86-1539-9778-0786 (W.Z.)
| | - Yuanjie Yang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Wanguo Zheng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1348-867-5143 (H.L.); +86-1360-817-4673(Z.Z.); +86-1539-9778-0786 (W.Z.)
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Wide-Angle Polarization-Independent Ultra-Broadband Absorber from Visible to Infrared. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 10:nano10010027. [PMID: 31861856 PMCID: PMC7022535 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We theoretically proposed and numerically analyzed a polarization-independent, wide-angle, and ultra-broadband absorber based on a multi-layer metasurface. The numerical simulation results showed that the average absorption rates were more than 97.2% covering the broad wavelength of 400~6000 nm (from visible light to mid-infrared light) and an absorption peak was 99.99%, whatever the polarization angle was changed from 0° to 90°. Also, as the incidence angle was swept from 0° to 55°, the absorption performance had no apparent change over the wavelength ranges of 400 to 6000 nm. We proved that the proposed metasurface structure was obviously advantageous to achieve impedance matching between the absorber and the free space as compared with conventionally continuous planar-film structures. The broadband and high absorption resulted from the strong localized surface plasmon resonance and superposition of resonant frequencies. As expectable the proposed absorber structure will hold great potential in plasmonic light harvesting, photodetector applications, thermal emitters and infrared cloaking.
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