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Angane M, Swift S, Huang K, Perera J, Chen X, Butts CA, Quek SY. Synergistic antimicrobial interaction of plant essential oils and extracts against foodborne pathogens. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1189-1206. [PMID: 38370080 PMCID: PMC10867478 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) and plant extracts have demonstrated inhibitory activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, the chemical composition of manuka, kanuka, peppermint, thyme, lavender, and feijoa leaf and peel EOs and feijoa peel and leaf extracts were analyzed, and their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria monocytogenes were determined. The results showed that the major compounds varied among different EOs and extracts, with menthol in peppermint EO, thymol and carvacrol in thyme EO, linalool in lavender EO, β-caryophyllene in feijoa EO, and flavones in feijoa extract being the most prevalent. The study found that while EOs/extracts had antimicrobial activity alone, no individual EO/extract was highly effective against all tested species. Therefore, their combinations were tested to identify those that could broaden the spectrum of activity and act synergistically. The checkerboard method was applied to assess the possible synergism between the paired combinations of EOs/extract. The peppermint/thyme, peppermint/lavender, and peppermint/feijoa peel extract combinations exhibited a synergistic effect against E. coli and L. monocytogenes, with the peppermint/thyme and peppermint/feijoa peel extract combinations being the most effective against all five pathogens. Time-to-kill kinetics assays demonstrated that peppermint/thyme and peppermint/feijoa peel extract combinations achieved complete eradication of E. coli within 10-30 min and L. monocytogenes within 4-6 h. This study provides a promising approach to developing a natural alternative for food preservation using synergistic combinations of EOs/extracts, which could potentially reduce the required dosage and broaden their application in food products as natural preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasweeta Angane
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Simon Swift
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Kang Huang
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Janesha Perera
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Xiao Chen
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Christine A Butts
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Siew Young Quek
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Riddet Institute New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence for Food Research Palmerston North New Zealand
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Reddy SM, Suresh V, Pitchiah S, Subramanian B. Anti-inflammatory Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides From Ethanol Crude Extract of Spyrida Species Red Seaweed. Cureus 2023; 15:e50284. [PMID: 38205502 PMCID: PMC10776340 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The extracts derived from red seaweed have shown characteristics that may reduce inflammation. The abovementioned effects can potentially provide positive outcomes in managing inflammatory illnesses, including arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other skin problems. AIM The polysaccharides were isolated from the Spyrida species. The water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted and fractionated from several Indian seaweeds (Red) using a simple, cost-effective approach. Anti-inflammatory effects were further evaluated and validated by FTIR and FESEM analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS FT-IR and FESEM were used to assess the structural features of polysaccharides and the surface morphology. In addition, the red seaweed species of the genus Spyrida, which includes polysaccharides, was shown to significantly inhibit the denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA), further proving that the substance has anti-inflammatory qualities. RESULTS In this work, an assay to suppress protein activity was utilized to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides derived from Spyrida. As predicted, increasing concentrations of the extract, ranging from 25 to 100 µg/ml, led to a rise in the percentage of inhibited protein denaturation. CONCLUSION A statistically significant difference was found between these findings and those obtained with aspirin, a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine (NSAID). The red algae that grow in the shallow waters of the southern Indian Ocean may be used in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Mary Reddy
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sivaperumal Pitchiah
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Balachandran Subramanian
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Phenolic-rich feijoa extracts from flesh, peel and whole fruit activate apoptosis pathways in the LNCaP cell line. Food Chem 2022; 383:132285. [PMID: 35168051 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential anticancer activity of phenolic-rich feijoa extracts from the flesh, peel, and whole fruit on the human prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP). Results showed that feijoa extracts had cancer-specific anti-proliferative activity on the LNCaP cell line. The anticancer activity of feijoa extracts was shown through activation of the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway based on the increase of sub-G1 phase in the cell cycle, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as the elevated caspase 3, 8, and 9 activity in the treated LNCaP cells. The anti-cancer activity of feijoa extracts could be attributed to the high total phenolic contents (0.14-0.37 mg GAE/mg dw) and, in particular, the high ellagic acid content (2.662-9.119 μg/mg dw). The successful activation of the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway indicates that phenolic-rich feijoa extracts have a good potential to be utilized as a functional ingredient in foods and nutraceuticals.
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Ferguson L, Barnett M. Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Research in New Zealand, and Its Relevance and Application to Gastrointestinal Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:1743. [PMID: 35565709 PMCID: PMC9103310 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomics New Zealand (NuNZ) was a collaborative research programme built among three organisations-the University of Auckland, AgResearch Limited and Plant & Food Research. The programme ran for ten years, between 2004 and 2014, and was tasked with developing the then emerging field of nutrigenomics, investigating its applications to New Zealand, and potential benefits to the plant food and agricultural sectors. Since the beginning of the programme, nutrigenomics was divided into two fields-nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. The first of these is now more commonly called personalised nutrition, and has recently been recognised and criticised by elements of the dietetics and management sector in New Zealand, who currently do not appear to fully appreciate the evolving nature of the field, and the differing validity of various companies offering the tests that form the basis of this personalisation. Various science laboratories are utilising "omics" sciences, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics and the comprehensive analysis of microbial communities such as the gut microbiota, in order to understand the mechanisms by which certain food products and/or diets relevant to New Zealand, confer a health benefit, and the nature of potential health claims that may be made on the basis of this information. In this article, we give a brief overview of the nutrigenomics landscape in New Zealand since the end of the NuNZ programme, with a particular focus on gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette Ferguson
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Barnett
- Physiology & Health Team, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Aguida B, Pooam M, Ahmad M, Jourdan N. Infrared light therapy relieves TLR-4 dependent hyper-inflammation of the type induced by COVID-19. Commun Integr Biol 2021; 14:200-211. [PMID: 34552685 PMCID: PMC8451450 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2021.1965718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of mortality from COVID-19 infection is respiratory distress due to an exaggerated host immune response, resulting in hyper-inflammation and ensuing cytokine storms in the lungs. Current drug-based therapies are of limited efficacy, costly, and have potential negative side effects. By contrast, photobiomodulation therapy, which involves periodic brief exposure to red or infrared light, is a noninvasive, safe, and affordable method that is currently being used to treat a wide range of diseases with underlying inflammatory conditions. Here, we show that exposure to two 10-min, high-intensity periods per day of infrared light causes a marked reduction in the TLR-4 dependent inflammatory response pathway, which has been implicated in the onset of cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients. Infrared light exposure resulted in a significant decline in NFkB and AP1 activity as measured by the reporter gene assay; decreased expression of inflammatory marker genes IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, INF-alpha, and INF-beta as determined by qPCR gene expression assay; and an 80% decline in secreted cytokine IL6 as measured by ELISA assay in cultured human cells. All of these changes occurred after only 48 hours of treatment. We suggest that an underlying cellular mechanism involving modulation of ROS may downregulate the host immune response after Infrared Light exposure, leading to decrease in inflammation. We further discuss technical considerations involving light sources and exposure conditions to put these observations into potential clinical use to treat COVID-19 induced mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marootpong Pooam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- Cnrs, Ibps, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) ligands and receptors have distinctive structural characters that link them to cell growth, cell survival, or cell death. Some of these can activate both inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, depending on target cell types and other extrinsic stimuli. Many of the TNF receptor superfamily molecules are expressed in cells of the immune system, which may be central to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as cancer. However, the function of TNFSF members is not just restricted to immune cells. Members of TNFSF have been linked to an array of pathophysiologies, including cancer, neurologic, cardiovascular, pulmonary, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. TNF-α of TNFSF is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes, widely implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. In view of these facts, TNF-α has been recommended as an important target for discovering drugs for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and cancer. Various cell-based assays to understand the role of TNF-α in inflammation and to estimate the concentrations of TNF-α levels in body fluids such as plasma, synovium, etc., are being followed by researchers. In this chapter, methods of cell viability assay, ELISA assay, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis for estimating LPS-induced TNF-α protein expressions are described in detail.
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Mehrabani D, Rasekh H, Farahi MH, Masoumi SJ, Acker JP. Screening of Feijoa ( Acca Sellowiana ( O. Berg) Burret) Fruit Effect on Proliferation and Apoptosis using Bone Marrow derived Stem Cells Model. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/8458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Peng Y, Bishop KS, Zhang J, Chen D, Quek SY. Characterization of phenolic compounds and aroma active compounds in feijoa juice from four New Zealand grown cultivars by LC-MS and HS-SPME-GC-O-MS. Food Res Int 2020; 129:108873. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Tanambell H, Quek SY, Bishop KS. Screening of In Vitro Health Benefits of Tangerine Tomatoes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E230. [PMID: 31331031 PMCID: PMC6680676 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes have been associated with various health benefits, including the prevention of chronic diseases. The cis-isomers of lycopene occurring in tangerine tomatoes were, through clinical trials, proven to be more bioavailable than the all-trans lycopene found in red tomatoes. Nonetheless, scientific evidence regarding the bioactivities of the tangerine tomatoes is lacking. In this article, the antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts prepared from four different tomato varieties, namely Alfred, Olga's Round Golden Chicken Egg, Golden Green, and Golden Eye, were investigated. While the antioxidant capacities of the extracts were measured through the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays, their anti-proliferative properties in prostate cancer cell lines were examined through the Sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay. The anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were assessed through the toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing protein 2 (NOD2)-mediated inflammatory pathways. Our results show that the tangerine tomatoes had lower IC50 values in both the anticancer and anti-inflammatory assays compared to the red tomatoes. Specifically, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the tangerine tomatoes in LNCaP cells were approximately two to three fold lower than the red tomato (IC50: 14.46, 5.62, and 8.08 mg dry tomato equivalent/mL from Alfred hexane-acetone, Olga's Round Golden Chicken Egg hexane, and Golden Green hexane, respectively). These findings indicate that the tangerine varieties, Olga's Round Golden Chicken Egg and Golden Green, possess greater potential to be used in conjunction with treatment and for the prevention of cancer and inflammatory-related diseases than the Alfred (red) and Golden Eye (high beta-carotene) varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartono Tanambell
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Siew Young Quek
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence for Food Research, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Karen Suzanne Bishop
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Tortora F, Notariale R, Maresca V, Good KV, Sorbo S, Basile A, Piscopo M, Manna C. Phenol-Rich Feijoa sellowiana (Pineapple Guava) Extracts Protect Human Red Blood Cells from Mercury-Induced Cellular Toxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E220. [PMID: 31336755 PMCID: PMC6680458 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols, with broadly known antioxidant properties, represent very effective agents against environmental oxidative stressors, including mercury. This heavy metal irreversibly binds thiol groups, sequestering endogenous antioxidants, such as glutathione. Increased incidence of food-derived mercury is cause for concern, given the many severe downstream effects, ranging from kidney to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the possible beneficial properties of Feijoa sellowiana against mercury toxicity were tested using intact human red blood cells (RBC) incubated in the presence of HgCl2. Here, we show that phenol-rich (10-200 µg/mL) extracts from the Feijoa sellowiana fruit potently protect against mercury-induced toxicity and oxidative stress. Peel and pulp extracts are both able to counteract the oxidative stress and thiol decrease induced in RBC by mercury treatment. Nonetheless, the peel extract had a greater protective effect compared to the pulp, although to a different extent for the different markers analyzed, which is at least partially due to the greater proportion and diversity of polyphenols in the peel. Furthermore, Fejioa sellowiana extracts also prevent mercury-induced morphological changes, which are known to enhance the pro-coagulant activity of these cells. These novel findings provide biochemical bases for the pharmacological use of Fejioa sellowiana-based functional foods in preventing and combating mercury-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Tortora
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Luigi de Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Notariale
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Luigi de Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, via Cupa Nuova Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Katrina Vanessa Good
- Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3R4, Canada
| | - Sergio Sorbo
- Ce.S.M.A, Microscopy Section, University of Naples Federico II, via Cupa Nuova Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, via Cupa Nuova Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, via Cupa Nuova Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Caterina Manna
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Luigi de Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Peng Y, Bishop KS, Quek SY. Extraction Optimization, Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Profiling of Extracts from Flesh, Peel and Whole Fruit of New Zealand Grown Feijoa Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050141. [PMID: 31117250 PMCID: PMC6562890 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Feijoa fruit is becoming increasingly popular, yet limited studies have focused on the antioxidant capacity and phenolic profiling of its extracts. In this research, optimization of phenolic extraction from feijoa flesh, peel, and whole fruit from four New Zealand grown cultivars was conducted using orthogonal design. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were assessed, followed by phenolic profiling by a validated liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method. For feijoa flesh and whole fruit, the extraction was optimized using 70% ethanol, material to solvent ratio of 1:30, at extraction temperature of 50 °C for 30 min. For feijoa peel, extraction at 50 °C for 60 min using 50% ethanol with a material to solvent ratio of 1:30 were the optimized conditions. Results showed feijoa peel had higher total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities than the flesh and whole fruit. Overall, the Unique cultivar had a relatively higher TPC and antioxidant activity than the other cultivars tested. A total of 15 phenolic compounds were identified, and seven of them were reported for the first time in feijoa fruit. This is the first systematic investigation on the extraction method, phenolic content, antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of feijoa emphasis on comparison of sample types and cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Peng
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Karen Suzanne Bishop
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Siew Young Quek
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
- Riddet Institute, New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence for Food Research, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
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