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A quantitative synthesis study on body mass index and associated factors among adult men and women in Switzerland. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e65. [PMID: 35992574 PMCID: PMC9379928 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess weight is caused by multiple factors and has increased sharply in Switzerland since the 1990s. Its consequences represent a major challenge for Switzerland, both in terms of health and the economy. Until now, there has been no cross-dataset overview study on excess weight in adults in Switzerland. Therefore, our aim was to conduct the first synthesis on excess weight in Switzerland. We included all existing nationwide Swiss studies (eight total), which included information on body mass index (BMI). Mixed multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between different socio-demographic, lifestyle cofactors and the World Health Organization (WHO) categories for BMI. Along with lifestyle factors, socio-demographic factors were among the strongest determinants of BMI. In addition, self-rated health status was significantly lower for underweight, pre-obese and obese men and women than for normal weight persons. The present study is the first to synthesise all nationwide evidence on the importance of several socio-demographic and lifestyle factors as risk factors for excess weight. In particular, the highlighted importance of lifestyle factors for excess weight opens up the opportunity for further public health interventions.
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von Graffenried T, Schoepfer AM, Rossel JB, Greuter T, Safroneeva E, Godat S, Henchoz S, Vavricka SR, Sokollik C, Spalinger J, Braegger CP, Nydegger A. Impact of Overweight and Obesity on Disease Outcome in the Pediatric Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort. JPGN REPORTS 2022; 3:e193. [PMID: 37168919 PMCID: PMC10158416 DOI: 10.1097/pg9.0000000000000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Given the paucity of data, we aimed to assess the impact of obesity on disease activity, complications, and quality of life (QoL) in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods Prospective analysis of pediatric IBD patients. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards: obese, overweight, normal weight, and underweight. Results Three hundred twenty-seven pediatric patients were included (146 with Crohn's disease [CD], 181 with ulcerative colitis of whom 13 [4%] were underweight, 272 [83.2%] had normal weight, 22 [6.7%] were overweight, and 20 [6.1%] were obese). Compared with normal weight patients, obese ulcerative colitis had a significantly higher clinical but not biological disease activity nor severity. Compared with normal weight patients, overweight/obese CD patients did not have higher clinical or biological disease activity nor severity. Perianal abscesses and surgery for this purpose were more frequently observed in overweight/obese CD patients compared with normal weight controls. Overweight/obese IBD patients were similarly hospitalized in the last 12 months compared with normal weight controls. Conclusions Prevalence of overweight/obesity was 12.8% in pediatric IBD patients. Obesity was not associated with a decrease in disease remission rates nor an increase in the risk of complicated disease progression in IBD pediatric patients, except for the occurrence of perianal abscesses and related surgery in CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea von Graffenried
- From the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [CHUV] and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alain M. Schoepfer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [CHUV] and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Benoit Rossel
- Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Greuter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [CHUV] and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina Safroneeva
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Godat
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [CHUV] and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Henchoz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [CHUV] and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R. Vavricka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Sokollik
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Spalinger
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital LUKS, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - Andreas Nydegger
- From the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [CHUV] and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
Obesity and associated complications are becoming a pandemic. Inhibiting adipogenesis is an important intervention for the treatment of obesity. Despite intensive investigations, numerous mechanistic aspects of adipogenesis remain unclear, and many potential therapeutic targets have yet to be discovered. Transcriptomics and lipidomics approaches were used to explore the functional genes regulating adipogenic differentiation and the potential mechanism in OP9 cells and adipose-derived stem cells. In this study, we found that NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A6 (Ndufa6) participates in the regulation of adipogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we show that the effect of Ndufa6 is mediated through stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1) and demonstrate the inhibitory effect of a SCD1 inhibitor on adipogenesis. Our study broadens the understanding of adipogenic differentiation and offers NDUFA6-SCD1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Urology, the Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine ResearchCenter and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine ResearchCenter and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Kjøllesdal M, Labberton AS, Reneflot A, Hauge LJ, Qureshi S, Surén P. Variation in disease in children according to immigrant background. Scand J Public Health 2021:14034948211039397. [PMID: 34510980 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211039397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing proportion of children born in Europe are born to immigrant parents. Knowledge about their health is essential for preventive and curative medicine and health services planning. OBJECTIVE To investigate differences in diagnoses given in secondary and tertiary healthcare between Norwegian-born children to immigrant and non-immigrant parents. METHODS Data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway were linked by the national personal identification number. The study population included children born in Norway aged 0-10 years between 2008 and 2018 (N=1,015,267). Diagnostic categories from three main domains of physical health, given in secondary or tertiary care; infections, non-infectious medical conditions and non-infectious neurological conditions were included from 2008 onwards. Hazards of diagnoses by immigrant background were assessed by Cox regressions adjusted for sex and birth year. RESULTS Children of immigrants generally had higher hazards than children with Norwegian background of some types of infections, obesity, nutrition-related disorders, skin diseases, blood disease and genital disease. Children of immigrants from Africa also had higher hazards of cerebral palsy, cerebrovascular diseases and epilepsy. Conversely, most groups of children of immigrants had lower hazards of acute lower respiratory tract infections, infections of the musculoskeletal system, infections of the central nervous system, diseases of the circulatory system, hearing impairment, immune system disorders, chronic lower respiratory disease and headache conditions. CONCLUSIONS Children of immigrants did not present with overall worse health than children without immigrant background, but the distribution of health problems varied between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Kjøllesdal
- Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Angela S Labberton
- Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Reneflot
- Division of Physical and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars J Hauge
- Division of Physical and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Samera Qureshi
- Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Surén
- Division of Physical and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Time trends of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Kuwait over a 13-year period (2007-2019): repeated cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:5318-5328. [PMID: 34342262 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021003177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine age-specific trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren in Kuwait over a 13-year period (2007 to 2019) using the WHO, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF) definitions. DESIGN Using cross-sectional approach, Kuwait Nutrition Surveillance System (KNSS) objectively measured weight and height of schoolchildren over a 13-year period. Log-binomial regression models were used to examine age-specific trends of obesity and overweight over the study period. SETTING Public primary, middle and high schools in all provinces of Kuwait. PARTICIPANTS Schoolchildren aged 5-19 years (n 172 603). RESULTS According to the WHO definition, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren, respectively, increased from 17·73 % and 21·37 % in 2007 to 20·19 % and 28·39 % in 2019 (Pfor trend < 0·001). There is evidence that the obesity in females (but not males) has levelled off in the period 2014-2019 according to the three definitions of obesity, which is corroborated by a similar trend in the mean of BMI-for-age Z-score. CONCLUSION The prevalence of obesity and overweight in schoolchildren in Kuwait has risen over the last 13 years and trends are similar across all definitions. Obesity is no longer increasing at the same pace and there is evidence that the prevalence of obesity in females has plateaued. The current level of childhood overweight and obesity is too high and requires community-based and school-based interventions.
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Investigating the Association Between Child Television Viewing and Measured Child Adiposity Outcomes in a Large Nationally Representative Sample of New Zealanders: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:524-532. [PMID: 33811187 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the association between television (TV) viewing and child adiposity and if parental education and child ethnicity moderate this association. METHOD Cross-sectional, pooled (2013/2014-2016/2017) adult and child New Zealand Health Survey were matched resulting in 13,039 children (2-14 y) and parent dyads. Child TV viewing was estimated using self-reported time for each weekday and weekend. The height (in centimeters), weight (in kilograms), and waist circumference of parents and children were measured. Childhood body mass index and obesity were defined using the International Obesity Task Force cutoff values. Effect modification was assessed by interaction and then by stratifying regression analyses by parent education (low, moderate, and high) and child ethnicity (Asian, European/other, Māori, and Pacific). RESULTS Overall, watching ≥2 hours TV on average per day in the past week, relative to <2 hours TV viewing, was associated with a higher odds of obesity (adjusted odds ratio = 1.291 [1.108-1.538]), higher body mass index z score (b = 0.123 [0.061-0.187]), and higher waist circumference (b = 0.546 [0.001-1.092]). Interactions considering this association by child ethnicity and parent education revealed little evidence of effect modification. CONCLUSION While TV viewing was associated with child adiposity, the authors found little support for a moderating role of parental education and child ethnicity.
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Eiholzer U, Fritz C, Stephan A. The increase in child obesity in Switzerland is mainly due to migration from Southern Europe - a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:243. [PMID: 33514341 PMCID: PMC7845097 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel height, weight and body mass index (BMI) references for children in Switzerland reveal an increase in BMI compared to former percentile curves. This trend may be the result of children with parents originating from Southern European countries having a higher risk of being overweight compared to their peers with parents of Swiss origin. We examined the association of generational, migration-related and socioeconomic factors on BMI in Switzerland and expect the results to lead to more targeted prevention programs. Methods From contemporary cross-sectional data, we calculated subgroup-specific BMI percentiles for origin. Results for children of Swiss origin were compared with historical BMI data from Zurich. We tested for the association of overweight and obesity with origin and compared the distributions of BMI percentile ranks. Logistic regression analyses were applied to predict probabilities of being overweight or obese by origin and the Swiss neighborhood index of socioeconomic position (SSEP). Results Compared to the BMI from two generations ago, the newly calculated BMI increased only slightly for children with both parents from Switzerland; 1.2% of these girls and 1.6% of these boys are obese. In the Swiss population, 13% of the children have parents from Southern Europe and the proportion of obesity is 57 and 42% in these boys and girls, respectively. Their BMI medians correspond to those of their parents’ countries of origin. For the probability of being overweight or obese, the SSEP differences are less important than the status of origin. Conclusion We identified children with both parents from Southern Europe as the main influence driving the increase in BMI in Switzerland over the past 50 years. A differentiated consideration of the proportions of various migrant groups within cross-sectional samples is essential when monitoring BMI. Ignoring fluctuations can lead to false conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Eiholzer
- Center for Paediatric Endocrinology Zurich (PEZZ), Moehrlistrasse 69, CH-8006, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Chris Fritz
- Center for Paediatric Endocrinology Zurich (PEZZ), Moehrlistrasse 69, CH-8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anika Stephan
- Center for Paediatric Endocrinology Zurich (PEZZ), Moehrlistrasse 69, CH-8006, Zurich, Switzerland
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Pastor-Fajardo MT, Bosch-Giménez VM, Larqué E, Solano Navarro C, Fuentes-Castelló MÁ, Pastor-Rosado J. Prevalence and secular trend of childhood overweight and obesity in a Mediterranean area of Southeast Spain. CHILD AND ADOLESCENT OBESITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/2574254x.2020.1784640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elvira Larqué
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Solano Navarro
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen De La Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Pastor-Rosado
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General Universitario De Elche, Elche, Spain
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Bender N, Marques-Vidal P, Patriota P, Rangelov N, Staub K, Suggs LS, van der Horst K. Children's dietary assessment and promotion: The Swiss situation. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:507-509. [PMID: 32472372 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bender
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine (IEM), University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss School of Public Health, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Natalie Rangelov
- BeCHANGE Research Group, Institute of Public Health and Institute of Public Communication, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Staub
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine (IEM), University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L Suzanne Suggs
- BeCHANGE Research Group, Institute of Public Health and Institute of Public Communication, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland. .,Swiss School of Public Health, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Klazine van der Horst
- Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss School of Public Health, Zurich, Switzerland
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