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Kantaras P, Kokkinopoulou A, Hageman JHJ, Hassapidou M, Androutsos O, Kanaki M, Bovee-Oudenhoven I, Karaglani E, Kontochristopoulou AM, Bos R, Manios Y. Growth and gut comfort of healthy term infants exclusively fed with a partially hydrolysed protein-based infant formula: a randomized controlled double-blind trial. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1328709. [PMID: 38827219 PMCID: PMC11141394 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1328709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate growth and gut comfort of healthy infants fed with a partially hydrolysed cow's milk protein-based infant formula (pHF) compared to a standard intact cow's milk protein-based formula (IPF). Methods A double-blind, multi-center, randomized, controlled trial was performed. Healthy full-term, exclusively formula-fed infants (n = 345), aged ≤28 days were allocated to consume either a pHF (n = 173) or an IPF (n = 172) until the age of 17 weeks. The primary outcome was equivalence of weight gain (g/d) until the age of 17 weeks. The secondary outcomes were equivalence of other growth parameters, i.e., infants' weight, length, head circumference, body mass index (BMI) and anthropometric Z-scores, while tertiary outcomes were gut comfort, formula intake, and adverse events (AEs). Results Overall, 288 infants completed the study (pHF group: 138, IPF group: 150). No differences were observed between the two groups in weight gain (g/d) during the three-months intervention [p = 0.915 for the Per Protocol (PP) population]. The 90% CI was [-1.252 to 1.100] being within the pre-defined equivalence margin of ±3.0 g/d. Similar findings were observed in the Full Analysis Set (FAS) and the sensitivity analysis. Regarding the secondary outcomes, no differences over the intervention period were shown between the two groups in both the PP and FAS analysis sets. Average Z-scores were in the normal range based on World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards for both groups at all time points in both analysis sets. Stool consistency, amount, and colour were different in the two groups. No differences were observed in gut comfort, stool frequency, and formula intake, between the two groups. In total 14 AEs and 22 serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported of which 15 (12%) and 1 (5%) were considered as (possibly) related to the study product, respectively. Conclusions The study demonstrates that the consumption of pHF results in adequate infant growth, equivalent to that of infants consuming IPF. Furthermore, the overall gut comfort was comparable between the two groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that the pHF is safe for and well tolerated by healthy infants. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05757323?id=NCT05757323&rank=1, identifier (NCT05757323).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paris Kantaras
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Kokkinopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Maria Hassapidou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Lab of Clinical Nutrition-Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Kanaki
- Lab of Clinical Nutrition-Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Eva Karaglani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Rolf Bos
- FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece
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Li J, Zhu F. Whey protein hydrolysates and infant formulas: Effects on physicochemical and biological properties. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13337. [PMID: 38578124 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Whey protein hydrolysates are recognized for their substantial functional and biological properties. Their high digestibility and amino acid composition make them a valuable ingredient to hydrolyzed whey infant formulas, enhancing both product functionality and nutritional values for infant growth. It is important to understand the functional and biological properties of whey protein hydrolysates for their applications in infant formula systems. This review explored preparation methods of whey protein hydrolysates for infant formula-based applications. The effects of whey protein hydrolysate on the physicochemical and biological properties of hydrolyzed whey infant formulas were summarized. The influences of whey protein hydrolysates on the functional and nutritional properties of formulas from manufacturing to infant consumption were discussed. Whey protein hydrolysates are crucial components in the preparation of infant formula, tailored to meet the functional and nutritional demands of the product. The selection of enzyme types and hydrolysis parameters is decisive for obtaining "optimal" whey protein hydrolysates that match the intended characteristics. "Optimal" whey protein hydrolysates offer diverse functionalities, including solubility, emulsification and production stability to hydrolyzed whey infant formulas during manufacturing processes and formulations. They simultaneously promote protein digestibility, infant growth and other potential health benefits, including reduced allergenic potential, as supported by in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. Overall, the precise selection of enzymes and hydrolysis parameters in the production of whey protein hydrolysates is crucial in achieving the desired characteristics and functional benefits for hydrolyzed whey infant formulas, making them critical in the development of infant nutrition products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiecheng Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Fleddermann M, Knoll A, Koletzko B. Safety and Suitability of Infant Formula Manufactured from Extensively Hydrolyzed Whey Protein Compared to Intact Protein: A Combined Analysis of Two Randomized Controlled Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:245. [PMID: 38257138 PMCID: PMC10821206 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to assess the nutritional safety and suitability of an infant formula manufactured from extensively hydrolyzed protein in comparison to infant formula manufactured from intact protein (both with low and standard protein content). We performed a combined analysis of raw data from two randomized infant feeding studies. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model was used to determine the non-inferiority of daily weight gain (primary outcome; margin -3 g/day), with the intervention group as a fixed factor and geographic region, sex, and baseline weight as covariates (main model). The data of 346 infants exposed to the formula were included in the analysis. The sample size of the per-protocol analysis with 184 infants was too small to achieve sufficient statistical power. The lower limit of the 97.5% confidence interval (-0.807) of the mean group difference in daily weight gain (i.e., 2.22 g/day) was above the -3 g/day margin (full analysis set). Further anthropometric parameters did not differ between the infant formula groups throughout the study. Growth was comparable to breastfed infants. We conclude that the infant formula manufactured from extensively hydrolyzed protein meets infant requirements for adequate growth and does not raise any safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manja Fleddermann
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany;
| | - Anette Knoll
- AK Statistics, Kreppe 2, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany;
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337 Muenchen, Germany
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Otten L, Schelker E, Petersen H, Nomayo A, Conzade R, Günther J, Grieger A, Jochum F. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of an Infant Formula Manufactured from Extensively Hydrolysed Protein in Healthy Term Infants. Nutrients 2023; 15:4674. [PMID: 37960327 PMCID: PMC10647512 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of secondary parameters of a prospective, randomised, controlled, multicentre intervention trial aimed to analyse gastrointestinal tolerance of an infant formula manufactured from extensively hydrolysed whey protein (eHF) compared to intact cow's milk protein (control formula, CF) in healthy term infants. Infants ≤ 25 days of age, who were exclusively formula-fed, were randomised to receive eHF or CF for at least three months up to 120 days of age. An exclusively breastfed reference group (BF) was included for descriptive comparison. Infants' gastrointestinal tolerance was evaluated based on stool parameters, the Amsterdam Infant Stool Scale (AISS), the Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire (IGSQ), and sleeping patterns. Of 359 infants included, 297 randomised (eHF: n = 149, CF: n = 148) and 41 BF infants completed the study per protocol. All tolerance parameters were comparable between eHF and CF. Stool was predominantly soft and yellow in colour. Stool was more frequently green in eHF than CF. BF infants had more frequent stools, which were mainly watery or soft and yellow, and comparable IGSQ scores (descriptive). Irrespective of group, all gastrointestinal and sleep parameters showed signs of maturation with increasing age. In conclusion, eHF showed gastrointestinal tolerance as good as CF in healthy infants. Both formulae were well-tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Otten
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schelker
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna Petersen
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Nomayo
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Romy Conzade
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany
| | - Julia Günther
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany
| | - Andrea Grieger
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany
| | - Frank Jochum
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane (MHB), Fehrbelliner Str. 38, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
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Sahin S, Buyuktiryaki M, Okur N, Akcan AB, Deveci MF, Yurttutan S, Gunes S, Anik A, Ozdemir R, Uygur O, Oncel MY. Effect of partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula milk on weight gain of late preterm and term infants-a multicenter study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1270442. [PMID: 37928348 PMCID: PMC10623126 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1270442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Data on the effectiveness of hydrolyzed infant formula containing both pre- and probiotics (synbiotic formula) on the growth of infants is still scarce. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the effect of a partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula on growth parameters and the possible occurrence of major gastrointestinal adverse events or morbidities in infants born via cesarean section (C-section) delivery. Methods C-section-delivered term and late preterm infants who received either partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula, standard formula, or maternal milk and followed at seven different hospitals from five different regions of Turkey, during a 1-year period with a minimum follow-up duration of 3 months were evaluated retrospectively. All the included infants were evaluated for their growth patterns and any kind of morbidity such as diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, infection, or history of hospitalization. Results A total of 198 infants (73 in the human milk group, 61 in the standard formula group, and 64 in the partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula group) reached the final analysis. The groups were similar regarding their demographic and perinatal characteristics. No difference was observed between the three groups regarding gastrointestinal major side effects. Growth velocities of the infants in the human milk and partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula groups during the first month of life were similar whereas the weight gain of infants in the standard formula group was significantly less than these two groups (p < 0.001). Growth velocities were similar among the three groups between 1st and 3rd months of age. Discussion A partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formula provided better weight gain in late-preterm and term infants who were delivered via C-section delivery compared to the standard formula during the first month of life. This weight gain was similar to the infants receiving exclusively human milk. This difference was not observed in length and head circumference gain. No difference was observed in any of the parameters during the 1st-3rd months of age. Specially formulated partially hydrolyzed synbiotic formulas may reverse at least some of the negative impacts of C-section delivery on the infant and help to provide better growth, especially during the early periods of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Sahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Buyuktiryaki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nilufer Okur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Abdullah Baris Akcan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Fatih Deveci
- Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Sadik Yurttutan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Gunes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Anik
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Ramazan Ozdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ozgun Uygur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Health Sciences University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Yekta Oncel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Türkiye
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Boutsikou T, Sekkidou M, Karaglani E, Krepi A, Moschonis G, Nicolaou N, Iacovidou N, Pancheva R, Marinova-Achkar M, Popova S, Kapetanaki A, Iliodromiti Z, Papaevangelou V, Sardeli O, Papathoma E, Schaafsma A, Bos R, Manios Y, Xepapadaki P. The Impact of Infant Feeding Regimen on Cow's Milk Protein Allergy, Atopic Dermatitis and Growth in High-Risk Infants during the First 6 Months of Life: The Allergy Reduction Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112622. [PMID: 37299585 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of early-onset cow's milk protein allergy and atopic dermatitis during the first months of life is multifactorial, including both genetic and nutritional aspects. This study aims to assess the impact of different feeding patterns on the incidence of cow's milk protein allergy, atopic dermatitis, and growth among infants with a family history of allergy. A total of 551 high-risk infants were randomly recruited from 3 European countries in three feeding regimens: exclusive breastfeeding, partially hydrolyzed formula, or standard formula with intact protein either exclusively or supplementary to breastfeeding. During the first 6 months of intervention, amongst infants with a family history of atopic dermatitis, 6.5% of partially hydrolyzed formula-fed infants and 22.7% of exclusively breastfed infants (p = 0.007) presented with atopic dermatitis respectively. Growth as assessed by weight increase did not differ between the aforementioned groups. Although cow's milk protein allergy was not related to the different milk feeding regimens in the whole cohort, when adjusting for high breast milk intake, the respective incident was significantly lower in the infants consuming partially hydrolyzed formula (p < 0.001). This data indicates that a specific partially hydrolyzed formula could serve as a more appropriate complement to breast milk compared to a standard intact protein formula in high-risk infants, to reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Boutsikou
- Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Mikaela Sekkidou
- Asthma and Allergy Center, 3025 Limassol, Cyprus
- University of Nicosia Medical School, 2408 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eva Karaglani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Adamantia Krepi
- Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Nicolaos Nicolaou
- Asthma and Allergy Center, 3025 Limassol, Cyprus
- University of Nicosia Medical School, 2408 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nicoletta Iacovidou
- Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Rouzha Pancheva
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena Marinova-Achkar
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Simoneta Popova
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Anastasia Kapetanaki
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General and Maternity Hospital Elena Venizelou, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Iliodromiti
- Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Papaevangelou
- Third Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON General University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Olympia Sardeli
- Third Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON General University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Papathoma
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Alexandra General Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Rolf Bos
- FrieslandCampina, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17671 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Xepapadaki
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Otten L, Schelker E, Petersen H, Nomayo A, Fleddermann M, Arendt BM, Britzl T, Haberl EM, Jochum F. Safety and Suitability of an Infant Formula Manufactured from Extensively Hydrolysed Protein in Healthy Term Infants. Nutrients 2023; 15:1901. [PMID: 37111119 PMCID: PMC10146495 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to demonstrate that healthy term infants experience noninferior growth with infant formula manufactured from extensively hydrolysed whey protein (eHF) compared to intact cow's milk protein (control formula, CF). This prospective, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, controlled, multicentre trial included healthy term infants who were exclusively formula-fed. Infants ≤ 25 days of age received eHF or CF for at least three months up to 120 days of age, with a follow-up until 180 days of age. A reference group included exclusively breastfed infants (BF). Of 318 infants randomised, 297 (148 CF, 149 eHF) completed the study per protocol. Weight gain up to 120 days of age was noninferior (margin -3.0 g/day) in eHF (28.95 (95% CI: 27.21; 30.68) g/day) compared to CF (28.85 (95% CI: 27.10; 30.61) g/day) with a difference in means of 0.09 g/day and a lower limit of the one-sided 97.5% CI of -0.86 g/day (p < 0.0001 for noninferiority testing). Weight gain remained comparable during follow-up. Further anthropometric parameters did not differ between the infant formula groups throughout the study. Growth was comparable in BF. No relevant safety issues were observed. To conclude, eHF meets infant requirements for adequate growth during the first six months of life and can be considered safe and suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Otten
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany; (L.O.); (E.S.); (H.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Elisabeth Schelker
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany; (L.O.); (E.S.); (H.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Hanna Petersen
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany; (L.O.); (E.S.); (H.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Antonia Nomayo
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany; (L.O.); (E.S.); (H.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Manja Fleddermann
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany; (M.F.); (B.M.A.); (T.B.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Bianca M. Arendt
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany; (M.F.); (B.M.A.); (T.B.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Theresa Britzl
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany; (M.F.); (B.M.A.); (T.B.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Elisabeth M. Haberl
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Str. 7, 85276 Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany; (M.F.); (B.M.A.); (T.B.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Frank Jochum
- Department of Pediatrics, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany; (L.O.); (E.S.); (H.P.); (A.N.)
- Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane (MHB), Fehrbelliner Str. 38, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
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Model infant formulas: Influence of types of whey proteins and lipid composition on the in vitro static digestion behavior. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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In Vitro Gut Fermentation of Whey Protein Hydrolysate: An Evaluation of Its Potential Modulation on Infant Gut Microbiome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071374. [PMID: 35405988 PMCID: PMC9003150 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Whey protein and its hydrolysate are ubiquitously consumed as nutritional supplements. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on the infant gut microbiome, which is more variable than that of adults. Colonic fermentation was simulated through a static digestion model and fecal culture fermentation, using feces from normal infants aged from 1−3 years old. During in vitro gut fermentation, measurements of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing were performed. Additionally, the growth curves of cultivated probiotics were analyzed to evaluate the prebiotic potential of WPH. Besides the decline of pH in fermentation, the addition of WPH induced a significant increase in the SCFA production and also the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Streptococcus (p < 0.05). The lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in WPH-supplemented samples indicated the positive modulation of WPH on the gut microbiota, which could benefit the energy balance and metabolism of infants. The stimulation effect of WPH on the probiotics (particularly Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM) during cultivation implied the prebiotic potential as well. Our findings shed light on WPH as a valuable dietary supplement with not only enriched resources of essential amino acids but also the potential to restore the infant gut microbiome.
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Mehra R, Kumar H, Kumar N, Ranvir S, Jana A, Buttar HS, Telessy IG, Awuchi CG, Okpala COR, Korzeniowska M, Guiné RP. Whey proteins processing and emergent derivatives: An insight perspective from constituents, bioactivities, functionalities to therapeutic applications. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Paladii IV, Vrabie EG, Sprinchan KG, Bologa MK. Part 1: Classification, Composition, Properties, Derivatives, and Application. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375521050112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vandenplas Y, de Halleux V, Arciszewska M, Lach P, Pokhylko V, Klymenko V, Schoen S, Abrahamse-Berkeveld M, Mulder KA, Porcel Rubio R. A Partly Fermented Infant Formula with Postbiotics Including 3'-GL, Specific Oligosaccharides, 2'-FL, and Milk Fat Supports Adequate Growth, Is Safe and Well-Tolerated in Healthy Term Infants: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Controlled, Multi-Country Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113560. [PMID: 33233658 PMCID: PMC7699816 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated growth, safety, and tolerance in healthy infants consuming a partly fermented infant formula (IF) with postbiotics, 2′-linked fucosyllactose (2′-FL), a specific prebiotic mixture of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS) and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS), and milk fat. This double-blind, controlled trial randomised 215 fully IF-fed infants ≤ 14 days of age to either: Test Group (IF) containing 26% fermented formula with postbiotics derived from Lactofidus fermentation process (including 3′-Galactosyllactose; 3′-GL), 0.8 g/100 mL scGOS/lcFOS (9:1), 0.1 g/100 mL 2′-FL, and milk fat), or Control group (IF with 0.8 g/100 mL scGOS/lcFOS (9:1)) until 17 weeks of age. Fully breastfed infants were included as a reference. Anthropometric measures, gastrointestinal symptoms, and safety were assessed monthly. Equivalence in weight gain (primary outcome) between the Test and Control groups was confirmed (difference in means −0.08 g/day; 90% CI (−1.47;1.31)) with estimated mean weight gain (SE) of 31.00 (0.59) g/day and 31.08 (0.60) g/day, respectively, (PP population, n = 196). Equivalence in length and head circumference gain between the randomised groups was also confirmed. No statistically significant differences were observed in adverse events or gastrointestinal tolerance between randomised IF groups. A partly fermented IF with postbiotics, specific oligosaccharides, 2′-FL, and milk fat supports adequate infant growth and is safe and well-tolerated in healthy term infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Vandenplas
- KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Jette, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-02-477-5794
| | - Virginie de Halleux
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Liège (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Régional of Liège (CHR), 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | | | - Piotr Lach
- Centrum Medyczne Promed, 31-411 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Valeriy Pokhylko
- Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava Regional Children Clinical Hospital, 36011 Poltava, Ukraine;
| | - Viktoriia Klymenko
- Kharkiv National Medical University, City Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 19, 61051 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Stefanie Schoen
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.S.); (M.A.-B.); (K.A.M.)
| | | | - Kelly A Mulder
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.S.); (M.A.-B.); (K.A.M.)
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