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Abeywickrama HM, Uchiyama M, Sumiyoshi T, Okuda A, Koyama Y. The role of zinc on nutritional status, sarcopenia, and frailty in older adults: a scoping review. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:988-1011. [PMID: 37550266 PMCID: PMC11163457 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc (Zn) deficiency, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty are prevalent among older adults and are prominent factors contributing to disability and mortality. OBJECTIVE This scoping review was conducted to aid understanding of the extent and types of research addressing the role of Zn in nutritional status, sarcopenia, and frailty, among older individuals. METHOD A systematic search was performed in August 2022 of 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest) using predefined search terms. The review was conducted referring to the Arksey and O'Malley framework and PRISMA-ScR. RESULTS The search retrieved 16 018 records, and a total of 49 studies were included in this review after the screening. Of those, 30 were based on dietary Zn intake, 18 on tissue Zn levels, and 1 on both. Most studies were based on cross-sectional data from community-dwelling older adults. Studies addressing the associations between Zn status and individual anthropometric and sarcopenia-related variables reported inconsistent results. However, most studies reported inverse associations between malnutrition, frailty, and Zn status. CONCLUSION There was more consistent evidence of the relationship of Zn status with malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty rather than with individual nutritional parameters. Validated screening and assessment tools and criteria and prospective studies are required to elucidate the relationship of Zn with sarcopenia and frailty in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mieko Uchiyama
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sumiyoshi
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Okuda
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yu Koyama
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Wizgier D, Meng Y, Das A, Naganathan V, Blyth F, Le Couteur DG, Handelsman DJ, Waite LM, Ribeiro RV, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Hirani V. The association of dietary antioxidants and the inflammatory potential of the diet with poor physical function and disability in older Australian men: the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1528-1539. [PMID: 38220224 PMCID: PMC11043910 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the association of antioxidant intake and the inflammatory potential of the diet with functional decline in older men. A diet history questionnaire was used to collect dietary intake data from men aged ≥ 75 years (n 794) participating in the Concord Health and Aging in Men Project cohort study. Intake of vitamins A, C, E and Zn were compared with the Australian Nutrient Reference Values to determine adequacy. The Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) was used to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. Physical performance data were collected via handgrip strength and walking speed tests, and activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) questionnaires, at baseline and 3-year follow-up (n 616). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify associations between diet and incident poor physical function and disability. Both poor antioxidant intake and high E-DII scores at baseline were significantly associated with poor grip strength and ADL disability at 3-year follow-up. No significant associations with walking speed or IADL disability were observed. Individual micronutrient analysis revealed a significant association between the lowest two quartiles of vitamin C intake and poor grip strength. The lowest quartiles of intake for vitamins A, C, E and Zn were significantly associated with incident ADL disability. The study observed that poor antioxidant and anti-inflammatory food intake were associated with odds of developing disability and declining muscle strength in older men. Further interventional research is necessary to clarify the causality of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wizgier
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney School of Nursing, FMH, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Ying Meng
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney School of Nursing, FMH, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Arpita Das
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney School of Nursing, FMH, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Vasi Naganathan
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Repatriation Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2139, Australia
- Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Fiona Blyth
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - David G. Le Couteur
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Repatriation Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2139, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David J. Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise M. Waite
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Repatriation Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2139, Australia
| | - Rosilene V. Ribeiro
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Repatriation Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2139, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Science (SoLES), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA
| | - Vasant Hirani
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney School of Nursing, FMH, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Repatriation Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2139, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Jin T, Wang M, Zeng Z, He W, Zhang L, Mai Y, Cen H. Causal associations of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with sarcopenia-related traits: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:19-26. [PMID: 37653236 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the causal effect of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on sarcopenia-related traits (lean mass, grip strength and walking pace) utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, we performed two-sample MR applying the inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method, supplemented with four additional sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, multivariable MR (MVMR) was applied to assess these associations independent of alcohol drinking, type 2 diabetes (T2D), triglycerides (TG), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS In univariable MR, the IVW analysis suggested no significant causal effect of genetically determined plasma omega-3 PUFAs on fat-free mass (right leg: β = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.05, P = 0.375; left leg: β = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.04, P = 0.446; right arm: β = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.05, P = 0.376; left arm: β = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.04, P = 0.384; trunk:β = 0.02, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.06, P = 0.283; whole: β = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.03 to 0.04, P = 0.631), grip strength (right hand: β = -0.01, 95% CI = -0.03 to 0.01, P = 0.387; left hand: β = -0.01, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0.01, P = 0.553) and walking pace (β = 0.00, 95% CI = -0.01 to 0.02, P = 0.575), and sensitive analysis generated similar non-significant results. Furthermore, the MVMR revealed no independent causal association. CONCLUSIONS Genetically determined plasma omega-3 PUFAs have no causal effect on sarcopenia-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jin
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengqiao Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenming He
- Institute of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yifeng Mai
- Institute of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Han Cen
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Magalhães NV, Waitzberg DL, Lopes NC, Vicedomini ACC, Prudêncio APA, Jacob-Filho W, Busse AL, Ferdinando D, Alves TP, Pereira RMR, Torrinhas RS, Belarmino G. High Prevalence of Energy and Nutrients Inadequacy among Brazilian Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3246. [PMID: 37513664 PMCID: PMC10384757 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor nutrition increases the risk of diseases and adverse health outcomes in older adults. We evaluated the potential inadequacy of nutrient intake among older adults in Brazil and its association with body anthropometry and composition outcomes. Dietary intake was obtained from 295 community-living older adults (>60 years old), of both genders, using a seven-day food record. Nutrient inadequacy was further identified based on the Dietary Reference Intakes and European Guidelines. Skeletal muscle mass (SM), strength and performance, and the diagnosis of sarcopenia were assessed using reference methods. Nutritional inadequacy was high, with energy, dietary fiber, and six micronutrients exhibiting the greatest inadequacy levels (>80%). Energy intake was correlated with SM strength (p = 0.000) and performance (p = 0.001). Inadequate energy, fiber, and protein intakes influenced BMI, while inadequate intake of vitamin B6 directly affected the diagnosis of sarcopenia (p ≤ 0.005). Further research is required to investigate whether these inadequacies can be associated with other clinical health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vieira Magalhães
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Correia Lopes
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Costa Vicedomini
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Aguiar Prudêncio
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leopold Busse
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas Ferdinando
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira Alves
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira
- Research Laboratory in Rheumatology, LIM-17, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Susana Torrinhas
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Giliane Belarmino
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
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van Dronkelaar C, Fultinga M, Hummel M, Kruizenga H, Weijs PJM, Tieland M. Minerals and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023:S1525-8610(23)00481-4. [PMID: 37355247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to reevaluate the role of minerals on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and the prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS In March 2022, a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences using predefined search terms. Original studies on dietary mineral intake or mineral serum blood concentrations on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance or the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults (average age ≥65 years) were included. METHODS Eligibility screening and data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Quality assessment was performed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Exposure (ROBINS-E) tool. RESULTS From the 15,622 identified articles, a total of 45 studies were included in the review, mainly being cross-sectional and observational studies. Moderate quality of evidence showed that selenium (n = 8) and magnesium (n = 7) were significantly associated with muscle mass, strength, and physical performance as well as the prevalence of sarcopenia. For calcium and zinc, no association could be found. For potassium, iron, sodium, and phosphorus, the association with sarcopenic outcomes remains unclear as not enough studies could be included or were nonconclusive (low quality of evidence). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This systematic review shows a potential role for selenium and magnesium on the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in older adults. More randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine the impact of minerals on sarcopenia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carliene van Dronkelaar
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Maaike Fultinga
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mitchell Hummel
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hinke Kruizenga
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J M Weijs
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Aging and Later Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Tieland
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Yeung SSY, Woo J. Association of Plant Protein Intake with Change in Physical Performance in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:4534. [PMID: 36364795 PMCID: PMC9658403 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dietary protein intake might be beneficial in optimizing physical performance, yet whether this is dependent on protein source and sex is unclear. We examined the association between dietary protein intake and change in physical performance among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. (2) Methods: This prospective study included older Chinese adults (≥65 years) in Hong Kong. Total, plant and animal protein intakes at baseline were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Physical performance at baseline and 4-year follow-up were assessed by the time to complete a 6-m walking test. Adjusted linear regression examined the association between total, plant and animal protein intakes (g/kg of body weight (BW)) and 4-year change in physical performance. (3) Results: 3133 participants (49.8% males) aged 71.8 ± 4.9 years were included. In males, total, plant and animal protein intakes were not associated with a change in physical performance. In females, higher plant protein intake was associated with less decline in physical performance (β 0.723, SE 0.288, p = 0.012). No associations were observed for total animal protein intakes. (4) Conclusion: In Chinese community-dwelling older adults, total and animal protein intakes were not associated with a 4-year change in physical performance. Higher plant protein intake was associated with less decline in physical performance in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suey S. Y. Yeung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Nutritional Studies, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Muscle strength performed better than muscle mass in identifying cognitive impairment risk in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2533-2540. [PMID: 35389149 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between muscle mass and cognitive impairment (CI) is conflicting. We aimed to evaluate and compare the associations of muscle strength, muscle mass and CI risk in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Muscle strength was assessed by hand grip strength (HGS), muscle mass was assessed by lean tissue mass (LTM). Education status was divided into two groups: lower education status (senior middle school and below) and higher education status (high school and above). Multivariable logistic regression models and subgroup analyses were performed. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to compare their predictive power in discriminating CI. RESULTS 2827 adult MHD patients were included in our final analysis. Patients in the lowest quartile of HGS was 2.82-fold as likely to have CI as compared to those in the highest quartile, while participants in the lowest quartile of LTM group were 1.52-fold as likely to have CI, when compared with the highest quartile group of LTM after adjusting for age, gender and education level. The association persisted in all subgroups except for women and well-educated participants. There was a significant interaction between HGS and education status on CI and age played an interactive role in the association between LTM and incident CI (P for interaction < 0.05). The AUC value of the HGS was significantly higher than that of LTM (0.69 VS 0.63, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Muscle strength performed better than muscle mass in identifying individuals at high risk of CI, particularly in male and less educated Chinese MHD patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional study.
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Lifestyle approaches to prevent and retard sarcopenia: A narrative review. Maturitas 2022; 161:44-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kramer CS, Groenendijk I, Beers S, Wijnen HH, van de Rest O, de Groot LCPGM. The Association between Malnutrition and Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac007. [PMID: 35415390 PMCID: PMC8989279 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years the focus of healthcare and nutritional science in older adults has shifted from mortality towards physical performance and quality of life. The aim of this review was to summarize observational studies on physical performance in malnourished (MN) or at risk of malnutrition (RMN) older adults compared with well-nourished (WN) older adults. Eligible studies had to report on nutritional status and objectively measured physical performance in older adults (≥60 y). MN or RMN groups had to be compared with a WN group, measured with a validated nutrition screener. Ovid Medline and Web of Science were searched until 13 November, 2020. Study quality was scored using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results were analyzed by meta-analysis when possible, or narratively reviewed otherwise. Forty-five studies (16,911 participants in total) were included from studies in outpatient clinics (n = 6), nursing homes (n = 3), community-dwelling older adults (n = 20), hospitalized patients (n = 15), or a combination (n = 1). Studies used 11 different screeners of malnutrition, and 8 types of physical performance measures. Meta-analysis showed that compared with MN, WN groups had better hand grip strength (mean difference [MD] = 4.92 kg; 95% CI: 3.43, 6.41; P < 0.001; n = 23), faster gait speed (MD = 0.16 m/s; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.27; P = 0.0033; n = 7), performed faster on timed-up-and-go (MD = -5.94 s; 95% CI: -8.98, -2.89; P < 0.001; n = 8), and scored 1.2 more short physical performance battery points (95% CI: 1.32, 2.73; P < 0.001; n = 6). Results were less pronounced when compared with RMN. Narratively, all studies showed an association for knee extension strength, 6-min walking test, and multicomponent tests, except for the chair stand test. Study limitations include no studies scoring "good" on NOS, lack of confounder adjustment, and high heterogeneity. Overall, evidence from cross-sectional studies indicate an association between malnutrition and worse physical performance in older adults. This study is registered in PROSPERO as CRD42020192893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte S Kramer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Groenendijk
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Beers
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo H Wijnen
- Department of Geriatrics, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Ondine van de Rest
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette C P G M de Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Staszak M. Membrane technologies for sports supplementation. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The important developments in membrane techniques used in the dairy industrial processes to whey manufacturing are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the description of membrane processes, characterization of protein products, biological issues related to bacteriophages contamination, and modeling of the processes. This choice was dictated by the observed research works and consumer trends, who increasingly appreciate healthy food and its taste qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology , Berdychowo 4 , Poznan , Poland
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Positive Association between High Protein Food Intake Frequency and Physical Performance and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Daily Life. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010072. [PMID: 35010947 PMCID: PMC8746446 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional factors, including low protein intake and poor dietary variety, affect age-associated impairment in physical performance resulting in physical frailty. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between intake frequency of major high protein foods and both physical performance and higher-level functional capacity using the food frequency score (FFS) and high protein food frequency score (PFFS) among community-dwelling older adults. The data of 1185 older adults categorized into quartiles based on FFS and PFFS were analyzed. After adjusting for covariates, FFS and PFFS were significantly associated with physical performance [FFS, usual gait speed (p for trend = 0.007); PFFS, usual gait speed (p for trend < 0.001), maximum gait speed (p for trend = 0.002), timed up and go (p for trend = 0.025)], and higher-level functional capacity [FFS (p for trend < 0.001); PFFS (p for trend < 0.001)]. After excluding PFFS data, the participants’ scores were associated with only higher-level functional capacity. Multi-regression analysis with higher-level functional capacity as the covariate showed that FFS and PFFS were significantly correlated with physical performance. Hence, improving food intake frequency, particularly that of high protein foods, and dietary variety may help maintain higher-level functional capacity and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults.
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The Nutritional Status of Long-Term Institutionalized Older Adults Is Associated with Functional Status, Physical Performance and Activity, and Frailty. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113716. [PMID: 34835971 PMCID: PMC8619061 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among older adults living in long-term nursing homes (LTNHs), maintaining an adequate functional status and independence is a challenge. Whilst a poor nutritional status is a potential risk factor for a decreased function in this population, its role is not fully understood. Here, using a transversal multicenter study of 105 older adults living in 13 LTNHs, we analyzed the associations between nutritional status, as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and the parameters of functional status, physical performance, physical activity, and frailty as well as comorbidity and body composition. The MNA scores were positively correlated with the Barthel Index, handgrip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores, absolute muscle power, and Assessment of Physical Activity in Frail Older People (APAFOP) scores and were negatively correlated with dynamic balance and frailty. In a multiple linear regression model controlling for gender and age, the APAFOP score (β = 0.386), BMI (β = 0.301), and Barthel Index (β = 0.220) explained 31% of the variance in the MNA score. Given the observed close relationship between the MNA score and functional status, physical performance and activity, and frailty, interventions should jointly target improvements in both the nutritional status and functional status of LTNH residents. Strategies designed and implemented by interdisciplinary professional teams may be the most successful in improving these parameters to lead to better health and quality of life.
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Veronese N, Barbagallo M. Magnesium and Micro-Elements in Older Persons. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030847. [PMID: 33807547 PMCID: PMC8001940 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Lengelé L, Bruyère O, Beaudart C, Reginster JY, Locquet M. Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020407. [PMID: 33525324 PMCID: PMC7910934 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Lengelé
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU—Sart Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 13 (Bât. B23), 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.L.); (C.B.); (J.-Y.R.); (M.L.)
| | - Olivier Bruyère
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU—Sart Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 13 (Bât. B23), 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.L.); (C.B.); (J.-Y.R.); (M.L.)
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Physical, Rehabilitation Medicine and Sports Traumatology, SportS2, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-43-66-3230
| | - Charlotte Beaudart
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU—Sart Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 13 (Bât. B23), 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.L.); (C.B.); (J.-Y.R.); (M.L.)
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU—Sart Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 13 (Bât. B23), 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.L.); (C.B.); (J.-Y.R.); (M.L.)
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Médéa Locquet
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU—Sart Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 13 (Bât. B23), 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.L.); (C.B.); (J.-Y.R.); (M.L.)
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