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Huang C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang M, Li Z, Li M, Ren M, Yin J, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Zhu X, Sun Z. A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study of Gut Microbiota and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. J Nutr 2024; 154:1994-2005. [PMID: 38642744 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal nature of gut microbiota and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is still obscure regardless of evidence supporting their observational correlations. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this research is to investigate the potentially pathogenic or protective causal impacts of specific gut microbiota on various neuroimaging subtypes of CSVD. METHODS We obtained the latest summary-level genome-wide databases for gut microbiota and 9 CSVD traits. The univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted to examine the possible causal link between exposure and outcome. Meanwhile, we conducted sensitivity analyses sequentially, containing the heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analysis. Additionally, to clarify the potential bidirectional causality, the causality from CSVD traits to the identified gut microbiota was implemented through reverse MR analysis. RESULTS The univariable MR analysis identified 22 genetically predicted bacterial abundances that were correlated with CSVD traits. Although conditioning on macronutrient dietary compositions, 2 suggestive relationships were retained using the multivariable MR analysis. Specifically, the class Negativicutes and order Selenomonadales exhibited a negative causal association with strictly lobar cerebral microbleeds, one neuroimaging trait of CSVD. There is insufficient evidence indicating the presence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Furthermore, the identified causal relationship was not driven by any single nucleotide polymorphism. The results of the reverse MR analysis did not reveal any statistically significant causality from CSVD traits to the identified gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated several suggestive causal effects from gut microbiota to different neuroimaging subtypes of CSVD. These findings provided a latent understanding of the pathogenesis of CSVD from the perspective of the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengmeng Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiabin Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongwu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Minaya DM, Kim JS, Kirkland R, Allen J, Cullinan S, Maclang N, de Lartigue G, de La Serre CB. Transfer with microbiota from lean donors prevents excessive weight gain and restores gut-brain vagal signaling in obese rats maintained on a high fat diet. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4438240. [PMID: 38853960 PMCID: PMC11160927 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4438240/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background The collection of microorganisms, mainly bacteria, which live in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are collectible known as the gut microbiota. GI bacteria play an active role in regulation of the host's immune system and metabolism, as well as certain pathophysiological processes. Diet is the main factor modulating GI microbiota composition and recent studies have shown that high fat (HF) diets induce detrimental changes, known as dysbiosis, in the GI bacterial makeup. HF diet induced microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with structural and functional changes in gut-brain vagally mediated signaling system, associated with overeating and obesity. Although HF-driven changes in microbiota composition are sufficient to alter vagal signaling, it is unknown if restoring normal microbiota in obesity can improve gut-brain signaling and metabolic outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the effect of lean gut microbiota transfer in obese, vagally compromised, rats on gut-brain communication, food intake, and body weight. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on regular chow, or 45% HF diet for nine weeks followed by three weeks of microbiota depletion using an antibiotic cocktail. The animals were then divided into four groups (n=10 each): LF - control group on regular chow, LF-LF - chow fed animals that received antibiotics and microbiota from chow fed animals, HF-LF - HF fed animals that received microbiota from chow fed animals, and HF-HF - HF fed animals that received microbiota from HF fed animals. Animals were gavaged with donor microbiota for three consecutive days on week one and once a week thereafter for three more weeks. HF-LF animals received inulin as a prebiotic to aid the establishment of the lean microbiome. Results We found that transferring a LF microbiota to HF fed animals (HF-LF) reduced caloric intake during the light phase when compared with HF-HF rats and prevented additional excessive weight gain. We did not observe significant changes in the density of vagal afferents terminating in the brainstem among the groups, however, HF-LF animals displayed an increase in postprandial activation of both primary sensory neurons innervating the GI tract and brainstem secondary neurons. Conclusions We concluded from these data that normalizing microbiota composition in obese rats improves gut-brain communication and restores normal feeding patterns which was associated with a reduction in weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce M. Minaya
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - Rebecca Kirkland
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Jillian Allen
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Sitara Cullinan
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Neil Maclang
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Wang S, Li X, Zhang B, Li Y, Chen K, Qi H, Gao M, Rong J, Liu L, Wan Y, Dong X, Yan M, Ma L, Li P, Zhao T. Tangshen formula targets the gut microbiota to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in HFD mice: A 16S rRNA and non-targeted metabolomics analyses. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116405. [PMID: 38484559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tangshen formula (TSF) has an ameliorative effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the role played by the gut microbiota in this process is unknown. METHOD We conducted three batches of experiments to explore the role played by the gut microbiota: TSF administration, antibiotic treatment, and fecal microbial transplantation. NAFLD mice were induced with a high-fat diet to investigate the ameliorative effects of TSF on NAFLD features and intestinal barrier function. 16S rRNA sequencing and serum untargeted metabolomics were performed to further investigate the modulatory effects of TSF on the gut microbiota and metabolic dysregulation in the body. RESULTS TSF ameliorated insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia, lipid metabolism disorders, inflammation, and impairment of intestinal barrier function. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that TSF regulated the composition of the gut microbiota and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation confirmed the importance of the gut microbiota in the treatment of NAFLD with TSF. Subsequently, untargeted metabolomics identified 172 differential metabolites due to the treatment of TSF. Functional predictions suggest that metabolisms of choline, glycerophospholipid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid are the key metabolic pathways by which TSF ameliorates NAFLD and this may be influenced by the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION TSF treats the NAFLD phenotype by remodeling the gut microbiota and improving metabolic profile, suggesting that TSF is a functional gut microbial and metabolic modulator for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kexu Chen
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Huimin Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jin Rong
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lin Liu
- Zoucheng Market Supervision Administration, Jining, PR China
| | - Yuzhou Wan
- Research and Development Department, Nanjing Denovo Pharma Co., Ltd, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xi Dong
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Meihua Yan
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Liang Ma
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Rsepiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
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Marosvölgyi T, Mintál K, Farkas N, Sipos Z, Makszin L, Szabó É, Tóth A, Kocsis B, Kovács K, Hormay E, Lénárd L, Karádi Z, Bufa A. Antibiotics and probiotics-induced effects on the total fatty acid composition of feces in a rat model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6542. [PMID: 38503819 PMCID: PMC10951306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) play important roles as membrane components and signal transduction molecules. Changes in short chain FA (SCFA) composition are associated with gut microbiota modifications. However, the effect of bacteria-driven changes on the detailed FA spectrum has not been explored yet. We investigated the effect of antibiotics (ABx) and/or probiotics, in four treatment groups on rat stool FA composition. Principal component analysis indicated that the chromatogram profiles of the treatment groups differ, which was also observed at different time points. Linear mixed effects models showed that in the parameters compared (sampling times, treatments. and their interactions), both the weight percentage and the concentration of FAs were affected by ABx and probiotic administration. This study found that the gut microbiome defines trans and branched saturated FAs, most saturated FAs, and unsaturated FAs with less carbon atoms. These results are among the first ones to demonstrate the restoring effects of a probiotic mixture on a substantial part of the altered total FA spectrum, and also revealed a previously unknown relationship between gut bacteria and a larger group of FAs. These findings suggest that intestinal bacteria produce not only SCFAs but also other FAs that may affect the host's physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Marosvölgyi
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Kitti Mintál
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Medical and Engineering Multidisciplinary Cellular Bioimpedance Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Nelli Farkas
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Sipos
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Lilla Makszin
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
| | - Attila Tóth
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Medical and Engineering Multidisciplinary Cellular Bioimpedance Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Béla Kocsis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Edina Hormay
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Medical and Engineering Multidisciplinary Cellular Bioimpedance Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - László Lénárd
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Medical and Engineering Multidisciplinary Cellular Bioimpedance Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Karádi
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Medical and Engineering Multidisciplinary Cellular Bioimpedance Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Anita Bufa
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
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5
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Lapaquette P, Terrat S, Proukhnitzky L, Martine L, Grégoire S, Buteau B, Cabaret S, Rieu A, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Gabrielle PH, Creuzot-Garcher C, Berdeaux O, Acar N, Bringer MA. Long-term intake of Lactobacillus helveticus enhances bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids in the mouse retina. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:4. [PMID: 38238339 PMCID: PMC10796366 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are required for the structure and function of the retina. Several observational studies indicate that consumption of a diet with relatively high levels of n-3 PUFAs, such as those provided by fish oils, has a protective effect against the development of age-related macular degeneration. Given the accumulating evidence showing the role of gut microbiota in regulating retinal physiology and host lipid metabolism, we evaluated the potential of long-term dietary supplementation with the Gram-positive bacterium Lactobacillus helveticus strain VEL12193 to modulate the retinal n-3 PUFA content. A set of complementary approaches was used to study the impact of such a supplementation on the gut microbiota and host lipid/fatty acid (FA) metabolism. L. helveticus-supplementation was associated with a decrease in retinal saturated FAs (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) as well as an increase in retinal n-3 and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs. Interestingly, supplementation with L. helveticus enriched the retina in C22:5n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid, DPA), C22:6n-3 (DHA), C18:2n-6 (linoleic acid, LA) and C20:3n-6 (dihomo gamma-linolenic acid, DGLA). Long-term consumption of L. helveticus also modulated gut microbiota composition and some changes in OTUs abundance correlated with the retinal FA content. This study provides a proof of concept that targeting the gut microbiota could be an effective strategy to modulate the retinal FA content, including that of protective n-3 PUFAs, thus opening paths for the design of novel preventive and/or therapeutical strategies for retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Lapaquette
- Univ. Bourgogne, UMR PAM A 02.102, Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sébastien Terrat
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Lil Proukhnitzky
- Univ. Bourgogne, UMR PAM A 02.102, Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Lucy Martine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Grégoire
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Bénédicte Buteau
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabaret
- ChemoSens Platform, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro; INRAE, PROBE Research infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Rieu
- Univ. Bourgogne, UMR PAM A 02.102, Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, F-78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pierre-Henry Gabrielle
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Creuzot-Garcher
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- ChemoSens Platform, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro; INRAE, PROBE Research infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Bringer
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France.
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Liu W, Zhao M, Huang Y, Feng F, Luo X. Novel Lauric Acid-Butyric Structural Lipid Inhibits Inflammation: Small Intestinal Microbes May Be Important Mediators. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300535. [PMID: 38039428 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Butyric acid (C4) and lauric acid (C12) are recognized as functional fatty acids, while the health benefits of the structural lipids they constitute remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, lauric acid-butyric structural lipid (SLBL ) is synthesized through ultrasound-assisted enzyme-catalyzed acidolysis and its health benefits are evaluated in a high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model. SLBL and its physical mixture (MLBL ) do not significantly inhibit obesity in mice. However, SLBL treatment increases the ratio of n3/n6 fatty acids in the liver and improves obesity-induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. Furthermore, the expression of liver pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) are significantly suppressed by SLBL , while the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) is increased. Moreover, SLBL ameliorates the dysbiosis of small intestinal microbes induced by high-fat diet and regulates microbial community structure to be close to the control group. Especially, SLBL significantly alleviates the high-fat diet-induced decrease in Dubosiella and Bifidobacterium abundance. Correlation analysis reveals that SLBL treatment increases the abundance of microorganisms with potential anti-inflammatory function and decreases the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria. CONCLUSION In all, small intestinal microbes may be a significant bridge for the positive anti-inflammatory effects of SLBL , while the exact mechanism remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxin Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianliang Luo
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Corrêa RO, Cerf-Bensussan N. Can Psyllium Alleviate Colitis? Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:1530-1532. [PMID: 36924798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute INSERM 1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, Paris, France.
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Yang Z, Su H, Lv Y, Tao H, Jiang Y, Ni Z, Peng L, Chen X. Inulin intervention attenuates hepatic steatosis in rats via modulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112309. [PMID: 36596207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested the mitigatory efficacy of prebiotic inulin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nevertheless, its action mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, inulin consumption effectively ameliorated high-sucrose diet-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, and rehabilitated liver lipogenesis regulators, including carbohydrate response element-binding protein, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Furthermore, inulin supplementation restored the intestinal barrier integrity and function by up-regulating expressions of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, claudin-1 and occludin). High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that inulin administration regulated the gut microbiota composition, wherein abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producers, including Bifidobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium and Blautia, was significantly enhanced in the inulin-treated rats, conversely, opportunistic pathogens, such as Acinetobacter and Corynebacterium_1, were suppressed. SCFA quantitative analysis showed that dietary inulin suppressed faecal acetate levels, but improved propionate and butyrate concentrations in rats with NAFLD. Functional prediction showed that tryptophan metabolism was one of the key metabolic pathways affected by gut microbiota changes. A targeted metabolomics profiling of tryptophan metabolism demonstrated that inulin intervention up-regulated faecal contents of indole-3-acetic acid and kynurenic acid, whereas down-regulated levels of kynurenine and 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid in NAFLD rats. Therefore, this study demonstrated that inulin intake alleviated hepatic steatosis likely by regulating the gut microbiota composition and function and restoring the intestinal barrier integrity, which may provide a novel notion for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huihui Su
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Sugar Technology, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Yunjuan Lv
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Heqing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yonghong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ziyan Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Xueqing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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9
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Influences of Na2CO3, NaHCO3, K2CO3 on the rheological, water distribution, and microstructural properties of 5% long-chain inulin dough and quality of steamed bread. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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10
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Influence of Dietary Inulin on Fecal Microbiota, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Eicosanoids, and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244072. [PMID: 36553814 PMCID: PMC9778385 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the influence of inulin on fecal microbiota, cardiometabolic risk factors, eicosanoids, and oxidative stress in rats on a high-fat (HF) diet. Thirty-six male Wistar-Kyoto rats were divided into three dietary groups: standard diet, HF diet, and HF diet + Inulin diet. After 10 weeks, the HF + Inulin diet promoted high dominance of a few bacterial genera including Blautia and Olsenella in feces while reducing richness, diversity, and rarity compared to the HF diet. These changes in fecal microbiota were accompanied by an increased amount of propionic acid in feces. The HF + Inulin diet decreased cardiometabolic risk factors, decreased the amount of the eicosanoids 11(12)-EET and 15-HETrE in the liver, and decreased oxidative stress in blood compared to the HF diet. In conclusion, increasing consumption of inulin may be a useful nutritional strategy to protect against the onset of obesity and its associated metabolic abnormalities by means of modulation of gut microbiota.
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Inulin prebiotic dietary supplementation improves metabolic parameters by reducing the Toll-like receptor 4 transmembrane protein gene and interleukin 6 expression in adipose tissue. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Corrêa RO, Castro PR, Moser R, Ferreira CM, Quesniaux VFJ, Vinolo MAR, Ryffel B. Butyrate: Connecting the gut-lung axis to the management of pulmonary disorders. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1011732. [PMID: 36337621 PMCID: PMC9631819 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1011732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites released by bacterial components of the microbiota. These molecules have a wide range of effects in the microbiota itself, but also in host cells in which they are known for contributing to the regulation of cell metabolism, barrier function, and immunological responses. Recent studies indicate that these molecules are important players in the gut-lung axis and highlight the possibility of using strategies that alter their intestinal production to prevent or treat distinct lung inflammatory diseases. Here, we review the effects of the SCFA butyrate and its derivatives in vitro and in vivo on murine models of respiratory disorders, besides discussing the potential therapeutic use of butyrate and the other SCFAs in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Oliveira Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Laboratory of Intestinal Immunology, Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Pollyana Ribeiro Castro
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Marcantonio Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Center for Research on Obesity and Comorbidities, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo,
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- CNRS, INEM, UMR 7355, University of Orléans, Orléans, France
- Bernhard Ryffel,
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Ghafouri A, Heshmati J, Heydari I, Shokouhi Shoormasti R, Estêvão MD, Hoseini AS, Morvaridzadeh M, Akbari‐Fakhrabadi M, Farsi F, Zarrati M, Pizarro AB, Shidfar F, Ziaei S. Effect of synbiotic bread containing lactic acid on blood lipids and apolipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:4419-4430. [PMID: 36514747 PMCID: PMC9731550 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the use of synbiotics for managing various diseases has dramatically increased. Synbiotics have been shown to be a good approach to influence the composition of the gut microbiota with positive health effects. Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications is one of the reasons for the ingestion of synbiotics and so the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of synbiotic bread intake on markers of lipid profile in T2DM patients. One hundred T2DM patients (age between 20 and 60 years) were randomly assigned to four groups to consume different types of synbiotic bread, three times/day, for 8 weeks: "synbiotic + lactic acid" (n = 25; IV), "synbiotic" (n = 25; III), "lactic acid brad" (n = 25; II), or "control" (n = 25; I). The measured outcomes included anthropometric characteristics, glycemic control parameters, blood lipids, and apolipoproteins. The consumption of "synbiotic + lactic acid bread" (group IV) and "lactic acid bread" (group II) led to a significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared to the "control bread." The HbA1c levels were also significantly lower when compared to group II. Additionally, apolipoprotein A (Apo A1) levels were significantly decreased in group IV, compared to control and other groups (post hoc analysis). No significant differences between groups were observed for triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apolipoprotein B100 (Apo B100) levels. The observed results show that the synbiotic bread (with or without lactic acid) promoted a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and Apo A1 in diabetic patients when consumed daily for 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atie Ghafouri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Songhor Healthcare CenterKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Iraj Heydari
- Institute of Endocrinology and MetabolismIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Maria Dulce Estêvão
- Universidade do Algarve, Escola Superior de Saúde, Campus de GambelasFaroPortugal
| | - Ava Sadat Hoseini
- Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Songhor Healthcare CenterKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | | | - Farnaz Farsi
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mitra Zarrati
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Somayeh Ziaei
- ICU DepartmentEmam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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Dietary Inulin Supplementation Affects Specific Plasmalogen Species in the Brain. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153097. [PMID: 35956273 PMCID: PMC9370380 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens (Pls) are glycerophospholipids that play critical roles in the brain. Evidence supports the role of diet and that of the gut microbiota in regulating brain lipids. We investigated the impact of dietary intake of inulin—a soluble fiber used as prebiotic—on the Pl content of the cortex in mice. No global modification in the Pl amounts was observed when evaluated by gas chromatographic analysis of dimethyl acetals (DMAs). However, the analysis of individual molecular species of Pls by liquid chromatography revealed a reduced abundance of major species of ethanolamine Pls (PlsEtn)―PE(P-18:0/22:6) and PE(P-34:1)―in the cortex of mice fed a diet supplemented with inulin. DMA and expression levels of genes (Far-1, Gnpat, Agps, Pla2g6 and Tmem86b) encoding key enzymes of Pl biosynthesis or degradation were not altered in the liver and in the cortex of mice exposed to inulin. In addition, the fatty acid profile and the amount of lyso forms derived from PlsEtn were not modified in the cortex by inulin consumption. To conclude, inulin affects the brain levels of major PlsEtn and further investigation is needed to determine the exact molecular mechanisms involved.
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Differential Effects of the Soluble Fiber Inulin in Reducing Adiposity and Altering Gut Microbiome in Aging Mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 105:108999. [PMID: 35346831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inulin, a soluble dietary fiber, is thought to exert multiple beneficiary effects through promoting growth of bacteria that metabolize the fiber to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); however, the effect and efficacy of inulin in aging subjects is unknown. This study aims to systematically evaluate the capacity of SCFAs production and host response in mice of different ages. Male C57BL/6J mice across young (5 months), middle (11 months) and old (26 months) age were subjected to a control diet for two weeks, followed by 6 weeks of inulin-containing diet. Inulin-induced increase in fecal butyric acid levels was most prominent in middle-age group compared to other age groups. In addition, inulin-induced increase in fecal propionic acids showed age-dependent decline. Interestingly, the SCFA-producing Roseburia was most abundantly and persistently increased in the middle-age group. Furthermore, inulin intake significantly reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, and several dysbiotic bacteria associated with pro-inflammatory state. Concomitantly, circulating levels of CXCL1, a chemoattractant for neutrophils, was reduced by inulin intake. Inulin decreased fat mass in all age groups, with middle-aged mice being most responsive to fat-reducing effects of inulin. Moreover, inulin significantly increased energy expenditure and voluntary wheel running in middle-aged mice, but not in old mice. Overall, our data suggest that the efficacy of inulin in altering the microbiome and SCFA production, and the subsequent metabolic response was diminished in old mice, and highlight the importance of including age as a variable in studies determining host-microbe response to diets.
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Russo E, Fiorindi C, Giudici F, Amedei A. Immunomodulation by probiotics and prebiotics in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:372-385. [PMID: 35317185 PMCID: PMC8891667 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary malignancy in patients suffering from chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis. Recent attention has been paid to the involvement of the gut-liver axis (GLA) in HCC pathogenesis. This axis results from a bidirectional, anatomical and functional relationship between the gastrointestinal system and the liver. Moreover, the complex network of interactions between the intestinal microbiome and the liver plays a crucial role in modulation of the HCC-tumor microenvironment, contributing to the pathogenesis of HCC by exposing the liver to pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, DNA, peptidoglycans and flagellin. Indeed, the alteration of gut microflora may disturb the intestinal barrier, bringing several toll-like receptor ligands to the liver thus activating the inflammatory response. This review explores the new therapeutic opportunities that may arise from novel insights into the mechanisms by which microbiota immunomodulation, represented by probiotics, and prebiotics, affects HCC through the GLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edda Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Camila Fiorindi
- Department of Health Professions, Dietary Production Line and Nutrition, University Hospital of Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Francesco Giudici
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Tuscany, Italy
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