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Sandri E, Piredda M, De Maria M, Mancin S, Sguanci M, Cabo A, Cerdá Olmedo G. Development and psychometric testing of the nutritional and social health habits scale (NutSo-HH): A methodological review of existing tools. MethodsX 2024; 12:102768. [PMID: 38883583 PMCID: PMC11177200 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Habits represent repeated patterns of behavior over time that exert a significant influence on individual health. While specific tools exist to measure individual habits, the number of instruments capable of simultaneously exploring multiple dimensions of health is limited. This research had two main objectives: 1) to examine the literature to find existing tools for evaluating health habits, especially in the Spanish population; 2) through a methodological review, to develop and validate a tool capable of measuring multiple dimensions of health habits. The Nutritional and Social Health Habits Scale (NutSo-HH) was conceived, tested, and refined through pilot testing with cognitive interviews and expert content validation. Construct validity was explored through confirmatory factor analysis and known-group validity, while criterion validity was verified in comparison with the ``Healthy Nutrition Index for the Spanish Population.'' Reliability was assessed using omega coefficients. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded satisfactory fit indices. The final model included two second-order factors (nutritional habits and health habits) and two first-order factors (Mediterranean diet and alcohol consumption). Omega coefficients ranged from 0.521 to 0.815. The NutSo-HH Scale emerges as a valid and reliable tool to assess nutritional and social habits among Spanish young adults. This novel instrument fills a gap in the field, allowing exploration of various health determinants through a single scale and providing support for decision-making in the realm of public health nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sandri
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Quevedo, 2, Valencia 46001, Spain
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Quevedo, 2, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Michela Piredda
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena De Maria
- Department of Life Health Sciences and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Via del Casale di San Pio V, 44, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Mancin
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano - Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Sguanci
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Asensi Cabo
- Clinical Psychologist, Onda Town Council, Career Civil Servant, c/El Pla 1, Onda-Castellón, 12200, Spain
| | - Germán Cerdá Olmedo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Quevedo, 2, Valencia 46001, Spain
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Lin J, Yang F, Lan M, Ding Y, Yin K. Adhere to the Chinese dietary guidelines associated with better subjective well-being: evidence from a cross-sectional survey and a daily diary investigation. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:445. [PMID: 38347466 PMCID: PMC10863138 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective well-being (SWB) plays an essential role in general health. Although beneficial effects of selected micronutrients and foods on SWB have been reported, they do not reflect the impact of the habitual diet on SWB. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the association between adherence to the Chinese Dietary Guidelines (CDG) with SWB. METHODS This study combined a cross-sectional survey and a daily diary investigation. The cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1,433 students from 8 universities in southern China between October and November 2020. The daily diary investigation was conducted in November 2022, collecting 10-day daily data from 115 students at two universities in southern China over ten consecutive days, resulting in 1,020 valid matched daily responses. Adherence to the CDG was assessed by the China Prime Diet Quality Score (CPDQS), SWB was measured by the Index of Well-being (IWB) and the Affect Valuation Index (AVI). Correlation analysis, multiple regression analyses, and hierarchical regression were conducted to examine the associations of adherence to the CDG with its components, and SWB. RESULTS The cross-sectional survey revealed significant predictors of SWB, including adherence to the CDG (β = 0.24, p<0.001) and its components: cereals and tubers (β = 0.07, p = 0.024), vegetables and fruits (β = 0.11, p<0.001), dairy/soy/nuts (β = 0.11, p = 0.002), and condiments and alcoholic beverages (β = 0.08, p = 0.002). The daily diary investigation showed positive associations between adherence to the CDG (β = 0.19, p<0.001), and its components: vegetables and fruits (β = 0.11, p = 0.001), dairy/soy/nuts (β = 0.06, p = 0.009), animal source food (β = 0.06, p = 0.026), and condiments and alcoholic beverages (β = 0.07, p = 0.026), with higher levels of daily SWB. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to healthy dietary patterns such as the CDG, rather than focusing on individual components in isolation, is associated with better SWB. Furthermore, the consumption of CDG components had an impact on SWB, although the specific effects varied between the two studies. This study offers modest evidence supporting the role of the CDG in promoting positive mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaci Lin
- Faculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Lianda Street, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fuhua Yang
- Faculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Lianda Street, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Information, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Miaosen Lan
- Faculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Lianda Street, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yichen Ding
- Faculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Lianda Street, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Keli Yin
- Faculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Lianda Street, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Wang RS, Huang YN, Wahlqvist ML, Wan TTH, Tung TH, Wang BL. The combination of physical activity with fruit and vegetable intake associated with life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults: a 16-year population-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38195433 PMCID: PMC10777488 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life satisfaction (LS) is part of a positive psychological feeling that protects individuals from a physical decline in old age. A healthy lifestyle, including physical activity (PA) and a healthy diet, such as the intake of fruits and vegetables (F&V), can lead to a better experience of LS in older adults. However, the association between PA and F&V intake habits when occurring together in older adults is still unclear for LS. The study aimed to investigate the combined association of PA and F&V intake on LS among a cohort of older Taiwanese adults. METHODS Five waves of population-based data gathered by the Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging between 1999 and 2015 were analyzed. The year 1999 was set as the baseline, and the number of respondents was 4,440. The independent variables included the frequency, duration, and intensity of PA and the frequency of F&V intake. LS was assessed by using the Life Satisfaction Index. We performed generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis with adjustment for covariates of health behaviors and health indicators. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, model 1 showed that moderate and high-PA levels significantly correlated with LS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.12-1.79) and OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.50-2.02). Moreover, high-F&V intake significantly correlated with LS (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.69-2.53). Regarding the combined association shown in model 2, compared with both the low PA and F&V intake group, there were significantly higher LS in the both-high-group (OR = 4.69, 95% CI = 3.49-6.31), only-high-F&V intake (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 2.14-3.85), only-high-PA (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.74-3.52). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show the significant combined association of PA and F&V intake on LS among older adults. In addition, older adults who engaged in higher frequency, duration, and intensity of daily PA combined more than seven times a week of F&V intake had significantly higher LS than those who only engaged in low PA or only intake less F&V. Adopting multiple healthy behaviors in daily life is a safe and effective approach to promote LS among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Szewei Wang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Ni Huang
- College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | | | - Thomas T H Wan
- School of Global Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing-Long Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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José FJS, Collado-Fernández M, Álvarez-Castellanos PP. Variation, during Shelf Life, of Functional Properties of Biscuits Enriched with Fibers Extracted from Artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.). Nutrients 2023; 15:3329. [PMID: 37571267 PMCID: PMC10421366 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To boost revaluation of industrial by-products of artichoke, this research tries to determine the stability throughout storage of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in biscuits enriched with fiber-rich powders extracted from b y-products of artichokes (FRPA). To determine the most stable extraction method, biscuits were formulated with FRPA extracted by two different environmentally friendly extraction solvents: water (W) and a solution of 1% CaCl2∙5H2O (CA) and compared with biscuits made with pea fiber (P) and control biscuits (B) without fiber added. Initially and during storage, the biscuits enriched with FRPA (W, CA) showed a higher content of bioavailable polyphenols and antioxidant activity compared to the control biscuits (B) and the reference fiber (P, pea fiber). In conclusion, FRPA are an excellent source of bioavailable fiber with antioxidant activity, but especially the FRPA extracted with 1% CaCl2∙5H2O (CA), and they could present a good alternative to the use of pea fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José San José
- Centro de Innovación y Tecnología Alimentaria de La Rioja, CTIC-CITA La Rioja C/Los Huertos 2, 26500 Calahorra, La Rioja, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de Los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, sn., 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Collado-Fernández
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de Los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, sn., 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Pino P. Álvarez-Castellanos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola, Universidad Católica de Ávila, UCAV, C/Canteros, sn., 05005 Ávila, Spain;
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Exploring the Sustainable Benefits of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010110. [PMID: 36615768 PMCID: PMC9824251 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and its effect on health and environmental and socioeconomic sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of the Italian population. Notably, it intended to assess the effect of adherence to the MedDiet on ecological footprints and food expenditure. A survey was conducted from the 5th to the 24th of April 2020 on Google Forms. The MEDAS questionnaire was used to determine the level of adherence to the MedDiet. The carbon footprint (CO2), water footprint (H2O), and food cost were calculated. In total, 3353 participants completed the questionnaire, ranging from 18 to 86 years old. A statistically significant difference was observed in the CO2 and H2O among BMI groups (p < 0.001). The low- and medium-MEDAS groups showed higher CO2 (p < 0.001). The food cost (EUR/week) resulted in statistically significant differences among the MEDAS groups. The CO2 results were significantly lower in organic-market buyers compared to non-organic-market buyers (p < 0.001). Public health must promote awareness of how adhering to a healthy lifestyle and making appropriate food choices can positively impact our health and social and economic well-being.
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Luciani M, De Maria M, Page SD, Barbaranelli C, Ausili D, Riegel B. Measuring self-care in the general adult population: development and psychometric testing of the Self-Care Inventory. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:598. [PMID: 35346104 PMCID: PMC8960109 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-care is important at all stages of life and health status to promote well-being, prevent disease, and improve health outcomes. Currently, there is a need to better conceptualize self-care in the general adult population and provide an instrument to measure self-care in this group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the Self-Care Inventory (SCI), a theory-based instrument to measure self-care in the general adult population. Methods Based on the Middle Range Theory of Self-Care, the 20-item SCI was developed with three scales: Self-Care Maintenance (8 items), Self-Care Monitoring (6 items), and Self-Care Management (6 items). A cross sectional study with a US-based sample (n = 294) was conducted to test the SCI. Internal validity was assessed with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach alpha for unidimensional scales or composite reliability and the global reliability index for multidimensional scales. Construct validity was investigated with Pearson correlation to test the relationship between general self-efficacy, positivity, stress, and self-care scores. Results The Self-Care Maintenance and Management scales were multidimensional and the Self-Care Monitoring scale was unidimensional. The global reliability index for multidimensional scales was 0.85 (self-care maintenance) and 0.88 (self-care management). Cronbach alpha coefficient of the self-care monitoring scale was 0.88. Test-retest reliability was 0.81 (self-care maintenance), 0.91 (self-care monitoring), and 0.76 (self-care management). The General Self-Efficacy Scale was positively related to all three self-care scale scores: self-care maintenance r = 0.46, p < 0. 001, self-care monitoring r = 0.31, p < 0. 001, and self-care management r = 0.32, p < 0. 001. The positivity score was positively related to self-care maintenance (r = 0.42, p < 0. 001), self-care monitoring (r = 0.29, p < 0. 001), and self-care management (r = 0.34, p < 0. 001) scores. The perceived stress was positively related to the self-care management (r = 0.20, p < 0. 001) score. Conclusions The SCI is a theoretically based instrument designed to measure self-care in the general adult population. Preliminary evidence of validity and reliability supports its use in the general adult population.
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Aguilar-Latorre A, Serrano-Ripoll MJ, Oliván-Blázquez B, Gervilla E, Navarro C. Associations Between Severity of Depression, Lifestyle Patterns, and Personal Factors Related to Health Behavior: Secondary Data Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychol 2022; 13:856139. [PMID: 35369144 PMCID: PMC8971623 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.856139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a prevalent condition that has a significant impact on psychosocial functioning and quality of life. The onset and persistence of depression have been linked to a variety of biological and psychosocial variables. Many of these variables are associated with specific lifestyle characteristics, such as physical activity, diet, and sleep patterns. Some psychosocial determinants have an impact on people’ health-related behavior change. These include personal factors such as sense of coherence, patient activation, health literacy, self-efficacy, and procrastination. This study aims to analyze the association between the severity of depression, lifestyle patterns, and personal factors related to health behavior. It also aims to analyze whether personal factors moderate the relationship between lifestyles and depression. Methods This study is a secondary data analysis (SDA) of baseline data collected at the start of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). A sample of 226 patients with subclinical, mild, or moderate depression from primary healthcare centers in two sites in Spain (Zaragoza and Mallorca) was used, and descriptive, bivariate, multivariate, and moderation analyses were performed. Depression was the primary outcome, measured by Beck II Self-Applied Depression Inventory. Lifestyle variables such as physical exercise, adherence to Mediterranean diet and sleep quality, social support, and personal factors such as self-efficacy, patient activation in their own health, sense of coherence, health literacy, and procrastination were considered secondary outcomes. Results Low sense of coherence (β = −0.172; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (β = 0.179; p = 0.008), low patient activation (β = −0.119; p = 0.019), and sedentarism (more minutes seated per day; β = 0.003; p = 0.025) are predictors of having more depressive symptoms. Moderation analyses were not significant. Discussion Lifestyle and personal factors are related to depressive symptomatology. Our findings reveal that sense of coherence, patient’s activation level, sedentarism, and sleep quality are associated with depression. Further research is needed regarding adherence to Mediterranean diet, minutes walking per week and the interrelationship between lifestyles, personal factors, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network in Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (RedIAPP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J. Serrano-Ripoll
- Research Network in Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (RedIAPP), Barcelona, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Services, Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, Palma, Spain
- Research in Preventive Activities and Promotion and in Cancer Illes Balears (GRAPP-CAIB), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Bárbara Oliván-Blázquez
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network in Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (RedIAPP), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Gervilla
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Statistic and Psychometric Procedures Implemented in Health Sciences Research Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Capilla Navarro
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- *Correspondence: Capilla Navarro,
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Andrade V, Quarta S, Tagarro M, Miloseva L, Massaro M, Chervenkov M, Ivanova T, Jorge R, Maksimova V, Smilkov K, Ackova DG, Ruskovska T, Philippou E, Deligiannidou GE, Kontogiorgis CA, Conesa MTG, Pinto P. Exploring Hedonic and Eudaimonic Items of Well-Being in Mediterranean and Non-Mediterranean Countries: Influence of Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031715. [PMID: 35162739 PMCID: PMC8835089 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Increased understanding of subjective well-being (SWB), as well as factors that influence it, are essential to enhance well-being at the individual and national level. We have applied a hedonic and eudaimonic 9-item composed tool (SWB score) to measure SWB across several Mediterranean (MED) and non-Mediterranean (non-MED) countries, and to explore the association between the SWB score and a range of sociodemographic, health and Mediterranean lifestyle factors. A specifically designed web-based questionnaire was distributed to adult participants (N = 2400) from Spain, Italy, Portugal, Bulgaria and Republic of North Macedonia. Results showed that the SWB score was significantly different across the examined countries with the MED participants displaying slightly higher average scores than the non-MED ones (6.3 ± 1.5 vs. 6.1 ± 1.6, p = 0.002). Several sociodemographic, health status and lifestyle factors displayed a significant but limited association with the 9-item SWB score, with a multiple regression model explaining around 17% of the variance. Nevertheless, our results support that a closer adherence to Mediterranean lifestyle habits—the Mediterranean Diet, spending time with friends, family, and in nature, being active, and getting adequate rest at night—has a positive influence on the 9-item SWB score. Further research is needed to advance the understanding of the measuring and differentiating of SWB across different populations and to establish all the factors that influence it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Andrade
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agraria, 2001-904 Santarem, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Stefano Quarta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Marta Tagarro
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior de Educação, 2001-902 Santarem, Portugal;
| | - Lence Miloseva
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Mihail Chervenkov
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Slow Food in Bulgaria, 9 Pierre De Geytre St. bl. 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Ivanova
- Slow Food in Bulgaria, 9 Pierre De Geytre St. bl. 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rui Jorge
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agraria, 2001-904 Santarem, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Viktorija Maksimova
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Katarina Smilkov
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Darinka Gjorgieva Ackova
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Tatjana Ruskovska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Elena Philippou
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Georgia Eirini Deligiannidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (G.E.D.); (C.A.K.)
| | - Christos A. Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (G.E.D.); (C.A.K.)
| | - María-Teresa García Conesa
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.-T.G.C.); (P.P.); Tel.: +351-963-056-556 (P.P.)
| | - Paula Pinto
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agraria, 2001-904 Santarem, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.-T.G.C.); (P.P.); Tel.: +351-963-056-556 (P.P.)
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Investigating the Association between Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Obesity among Libyan Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031076. [PMID: 35162100 PMCID: PMC8834426 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although an increasing number of studies have reported on nutrition transition and unhealthy eating habits (UEHs) worldwide, there is a paucity of studies on UEHs in the Arab region, particularly in Libya. Aim: This study investigated the associations between obesity among Libyan adults and UEHs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the five major districts in Benghazi, Libya. A multistage cluster sampling strategy was implemented to choose and recruit Libyan adults. Anthropometric measurements were gathered by highly qualified nurses, using the Segmental Body Composition Monitor and a portable Stadiometer. The study used and adapted the two Self-administered questionnaires: the WHO STEPS Instrument and eating behaviors linked with obesity questionnaire. Results: Among a total of 401 participants who were successfully recruited in this study, 253 (63%) were female (aged 20–65 years), the response rate achieved was 78%. The prevalence of obesity amongst Libyan adults was estimated to be 42.4%. The results revealed the presence of a significant association between obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and five UEHs for Libyan men and six UEHs for Libyan women. For Libyan men, an association was found between obesity and the following five explanatory factors: fast food intake in a day and a week, which were (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 4.04–12.32) and (OR: 4.65, 95% CI: 1.04–9.46), respectively; large food portion sizes consumed at one sitting (OR: 19.54, 95% CI: 1.41–27.74); a high frequency of skipping breakfast either in a typical day or a week, which were (OR: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01–0.77) and (OR: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01–0.24), respectively. For Libyan women, a significant association was found between obesity and the following six explanatory factors: fast food intake in a day and a week, which were (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 3.32–11.12) and (OR: 5.5, 95% CI: 1.88–16.11), respectively; intake of sugar-sweetened beverages in a typical week (OR: 4.02, 95% CI: 1.35–11.99); and large food portion sizes consumed at one sitting at one sitting (OR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.18–9.84); and a high frequency of skipping breakfast either in a typical day or a week, which were (OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.03–0.43) and (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.08–0.63), respectively. Conclusions: The findings of the study reveal areas of action for Libyan researchers, clinicians, policymakers, and government officials about UEHs in the Libyan context. This could inform establishing and developing new interventions for preventing and controlling the obesity epidemic through food system improvements.
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Godoy-Izquierdo D, Lara R, Ogallar A, Rodríguez-Tadeo A, Ramírez MJ, Navarrón E, Arbinaga F. Psychosocial and Diet-Related Lifestyle Clusters in Overweight and Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6461. [PMID: 34203684 PMCID: PMC8296278 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study explored intraindividual multidimensional profiles integrating psychosocial factors, namely, body image and satisfaction, weight-related self-stigma, positivity, and happiness, and behavioural-lifestyle factors, namely, adherence to a healthy diet, among Spanish adults with overweight or obesity. We further aimed to investigate the association of excess weight (i.e., measured body mass index, BMI) with the abovementioned multidimensional configurations. A convenience sample of 100 adult individuals (60% females) with excessive weight (69% overweight; 31% obesity) was recruited. They completed self-reports regarding the study variables, and their weight and height were measured. With a perspective centered on the individual, a cluster analysis was performed. Three distinct intraindividual psychosocial and diet-related profiles were identified: a group of healthy individuals with excess weight (46%); a group of individuals who were negatively affected by their excessive weight and showed the most distressed profile (18%); and a group of dysfunctional individuals who seemed to be excessively unrealistic and optimistic regarding their excessive weight and unhealthy lifestyles, but were troubled by their weight (36%). Furthermore, individuals in the affected cluster had higher obesity (mean BMI ± SD = 32.1 ± 3.7) than those in the clusters of healthy (28.0 ± 3.0) and dysfunctional individuals (28.1 ± 3.3) (p < 0.05). The results showed that there are specific psychosocial and lifestyle profiles in the adult population with excess weight and that there are relationships among psychological, behavioural, and body-composition factors. For clinical application purposes, it is important to account for the heterogeneity within individuals who are obese and to individualize the interventions, with a focus from weight change to the individual's overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Godoy-Izquierdo
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.L.); (M.J.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Raquel Lara
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.L.); (M.J.R.); (E.N.)
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Adelaida Ogallar
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.L.); (M.J.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo
- Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Anillo Envolvente del Pronaf y Estocolmo, Universidad Autónoma Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32300, Chihuahua, Mexico;
| | - María J. Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.L.); (M.J.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Estefanía Navarrón
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.L.); (M.J.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Félix Arbinaga
- Departamento de Psicología Clínica y Experimental, Facultad de Educación, Psicología y Ciencias del Deporte, Campus Universitario El Carmen, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
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