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Znyk M, Raciborski F, Kaleta D. Dietary Behavior and Determinants of Diet Quality among Primary Health Care Patients in Poland. Nutrients 2024; 16:925. [PMID: 38612958 PMCID: PMC11013156 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present research was to determine the factors influencing the prevalence of eating behaviors, diet quality, and unhealthy eating among primary healthcare patients in Poland. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 896 adult primary care patients in Łódź. The study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2021 among thirty-four primary healthcare facilities. A survey recorded the sociodemographic data of the respondents as well as data regarding their health condition and diet. RESULTS The majority of the respondents (57.6%) had average dietary habits, while 40% had unhealthy eating habits. The univariable logistic regression found that primary care patients with medium/secondary education had a 1.5 times greater risk of unhealthy eating habits, and those with post-secondary vocational education had a 1.75 times greater risk of unhealthy eating habits than those with higher education (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.08-1.97, p ≤ 0.01, and OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.04-2.94, p ≤ 0.05). The multivariable logistic regression confirmed that the level of education had a significant impact on dietary habits: for medium/secondary education, OR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.03-1.91 (p ≤ 0.01); for post-secondary vocational education, OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.0-2.85 (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The education level was significantly correlated with the prevalence of unhealthy eating behaviors in the studied population. This factor should be considered in the promotion of healthy eating behaviors and nutritional counseling interventions conducted by family physicians in primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Znyk
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Filip Raciborski
- Department of Environmental Hazard Prevention, Allergology and Immunology, Warsaw Medical University, Banacha 1a, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Kaleta
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
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Martinez CF, Ruggiero E, Di Castelnuovo A, Esposito S, Costanzo S, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L, Bonaccio M. Breakfast quality and its sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates among Italian children, adolescents, and adults from the Italian Nutrition & HEalth Survey (INHES) study. Nutr J 2024; 23:20. [PMID: 38369481 PMCID: PMC10875855 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00924-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast quality, together with regularity of breakfast, has been suggested to be associated with cardiometabolic health advantages. We aimed to evaluate the quality of breakfast and its socioeconomic and psychosocial correlates in a large sample of the Italian population. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses on 7,673 adult and 505 children/adolescent regular breakfast eaters from the Italian Nutrition & Health Survey (INHES; 2010-2013). Dietary data were collected through a single 24-h dietary recall. Breakfast quality was assessed through the Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) combining intake of ten food groups, energy, and nutrients of public health concern, and potentially ranging from 0 to 10. The association of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors with BQI were analyzed by multivariable-adjusted linear regression models. RESULTS The average BQI was 4.65 (SD ± 1.13) and 4.97 (SD ± 1.00) in adults and children/adolescents, respectively. Amongst adults, older age (β = 0.19; 95%CI 0.06 to 0.31 for > 65 vs. 20-40 years) and having a high educational level (β = 0.13; 0.03 to 0.23; for postsecondary vs. up to elementary) were independent predictors of better breakfast quality, while men reported lower BQI (β = -0.08; -0.14 to -0.02 vs. women). Perceived stress levels at home and work and financial stress were inversely associated with BQI. Children/adolescents living in Central and Southern Italian regions had lower BQI compared to residents in Northern Italy (β = -0.55; -0.91 to -0.19 and β = -0.24; -0.47 to -0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In adults, breakfast quality was associated with age, sex, and educational level. Perceived stress levels were inversely associated with the quality of breakfast. In children/adolescents, a north-south gradient in breakfast quality was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Francisca Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | - Emilia Ruggiero
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | | | - Simona Esposito
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | - Maria Benedetta Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University "Giuseppe Degennaro", Casamassima, BA, Italy.
| | - Marialaura Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via Dell'Elettronica, Pozzilli, IS, 86077, Italy
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von Ash T, Sanapo L, Bublitz MH, Bourjeily G, Salisbury A, Petrillo S, Risica PM. A Systematic Review of Studies Examining Associations between Sleep Characteristics with Dietary Intake and Eating Behaviors during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2023; 15:2166. [PMID: 37432287 PMCID: PMC10180733 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the association between sleep and diet in pregnancy, despite both behaviors impacting maternal and fetal health. We aimed to perform a systematic review of the available literature on associations between sleep characteristics and dietary intake and eating behaviors during pregnancy, reporting on both maternal and fetal outcomes. We followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and conducted our search on 27 May 2021 in the PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. The search yielded 6785 unique articles, of which 25 met our eligibility criteria. The studies, mostly observational, published 1993-2021, include data from 168,665 participants. Studies included examinations of associations between various maternal sleep measures with a diverse set of diet-related measures, including energy or nutrient intake (N = 12), dietary patterns (N = 9), and eating behaviors (N = 11). Associations of maternal exposures with fetal/infant outcomes were also examined (N = 5). We observed considerable heterogeneity across studies precluding our ability to perform a meta-analysis or form strong conclusions; however, several studies did report significant findings. Results from this systematic review demonstrate the need for consistency in methods across studies to better understand relationships between diet and sleep characteristics during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayla von Ash
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Laura Sanapo
- Department of Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02904, USA
| | - Margaret H. Bublitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Miriam Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02904, USA
| | - Ghada Bourjeily
- Department of Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02904, USA
| | - Amy Salisbury
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Sophia Petrillo
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Patricia Markham Risica
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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Alreshidi SM, Rayani AM, Alhumaid AF. Diet Quality as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Depression Among Family Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Illness in Saudi Arabia. Int J Psychiatry Med 2023:912174231162749. [PMID: 36871959 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231162749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between caregivers' perceived stress and depression and examine the mediating role of quality of diet on this relationship. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed in Medical City from January to August 2022 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Utilizing the Stress Scale, Anxiety and Depression, the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, researchers assessed levels of perceived stress, diet quality, and depression. The bootstrap approach and the SPSS PROCESS macro were used to assess the importance of the mediation effect. The target population was family caregivers of patients with chronic illness at Medical City in Saudi Arabia. The researcher conveniently sampled 127 patients, with 119 responding, a response rate of 93.7%. A significant correlation between depression and perceived stress was observed (β = 0.438, p < 0.001). Diet quality mediated the relationship between depression and perceived stress (β = -0.187, p = 0.018). The importance of the indirect effect of perceived stress through diet quality was supported by the outcomes of the non-parametric bootstrapping method (95% bootstrap CI = 0.010, 0.080). The findings revealed that the indirect influence of diet quality explained 15.8% of the overall variation in depression. CONCLUSIONS These findings help clarify the mediating effects of diet quality on the relationship between perceived stress and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman M Alreshidi
- College of Nursing, 37850University of King Saud, Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M Rayani
- College of Nursing, 37850University of King Saud, Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
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Mitrou P. Is lifestyle Modification the Key to Counter Chronic Diseases? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153007. [PMID: 35893860 PMCID: PMC9332379 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Mitrou
- Independent Department of Therapeutic Protocols and Patient Registers, Hellenic Ministry of Health, 104 33 Athens, Greece
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