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Liu Y, Han Y, Liu Y, Huang C, Feng W, Cui H, Li M. Xanthoceras sorbifolium leaves alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to regulate uric acid transport. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117946. [PMID: 38447615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In China, Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge was first documented as "Wen Guan Hua" in the "Jiu Huang Ben Cao" in 1406 A.D. According to the "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine," X. sorbifolium leaves are sweet and flat in nature and can dispel wind and dampness, suggesting that their extract can be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. X. sorbifolium Bunge has also been used to treat arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, chronic hepatitis, and rheumatism, complications associated with hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN), a condition characterized by kidney damage resulting from high levels of uric acid (UA) in the blood. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of a 70% ethanol extract from X. sorbifolium leaves (EX) in alleviating HN. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse model of hyperuricemia was established to initially evaluate the hypouricemic effects and determine the effective dose of EX. Phytochemical analyses were conducted using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The potential key pathways of EX in the alleviation of HN were inferred using network pharmacology and bioinformatics. An HN rat model was then established, and experiments including biomarker detection, western blotting, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical and Masson's trichrome staining, and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to evaluate the effect of EX on UA transporter expression in vitro. RESULTS Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses revealed that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway was the key pathway for the alleviation of HN progression by EX. EX treatment reduced serum biomarkers in HN rats, downregulated the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), urate transporter 1 (URAT1), Collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9, and upregulated the expression of ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) to improve renal interstitial fibrosis in HN rats. A high content of both quercitrin and cynaroside were identified in EX; their administration inhibited the increased expression of GLUT9 and URAT1 in damaged HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that EX alleviates HN. The potential mechanism underlying this effect may be the regulation of UA transporters, such as GLUT9 and URAT1, by limiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to improve renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Liu
- Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Yunqi Han
- Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Yuquan Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | | | - Wanze Feng
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Hongwei Cui
- Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China.
| | - Minhui Li
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China; Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010020, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou, 014040, China.
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Zhang X, Jiang J, Xin J, Sun N, Zhao Z, Gan B, Jiang Y, Gong X, Li H, Ma H, Ni X, Chen Y, Bai Y, Wang H. Preventive effect of Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 against uric acid accumulation and renal damages. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1364857. [PMID: 38690361 PMCID: PMC11059993 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1364857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a prevalent metabolic disorder whose development is associated with intestinal microbiota. Therefore, probiotics have emerged as a potential and safe approach for lowering uric acid (UA) levels. However, the underlying mechanisms of many effective probiotic strains remain unknown. Methods and results C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups: control and model groups. The model group received 12 weeks of potassium oxonate. Through 16s sequencing we found that HUA resulted in a significant decrease in the total diversity of all intestinal segments. When each intestinal segment was analyzed individually, the reduction in diversity was only significant in the cecum and colon sections. RDA analysis showed that lactobacilli in the rat colon exhibited a strong correlation with model group, suggesting that Lactobacillus may play an important role in HUA. Consequently, the preventive effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 against HUA were investigated. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, model and YH1136 groups. The results showed that administering Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 effectively reduced serum UA levels in vivo by inhibiting hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity and promoting renal ABCG2 transporter expression. Moreover, supplementation with Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 significantly ameliorated pathological damage in the kidney and liver, thereby reducing UA accumulation. Conclusion Hyperuricemia is accompanied by an altered composition of multiple gut bacteria, of which Lactobacillus is a key genus. Lactobacillus johnsonii YH1136 may ameliorate renal involvement in HUA via the gut-kidney axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingting Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junliang Jiang
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhifang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Baoxing Gan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Gong
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Guangzhou Beneco Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Feng ZP, Wang XY, Xin HY, Huang SL, Huang HY, Xin Q, Zhang XH, Xin HW. Gut microbiota plays a significant role in gout. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38629677 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of social economy, the incidence of gout is increasing, which is closely related to people's increasingly rich diet. Eating a diet high in purine, fat, sugar and low-fibre for a long time further aggravates gout by affecting uric acid metabolism. The renal metabolism mechanism of uric acid has been thoroughly studied. To find a new treatment method for gout, increasing studies have recently been conducted on the mechanism of intestinal excretion, metabolism and absorption of uric acid. The most important research is the relationship between intestinal microbiota and the risk of gout. Gut microbiota represent bacteria that reside in a host's gastrointestinal tract. The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with protection against pathogen colonization and disease occurrence. This review focuses on how gut microbiota affects gout through uric acid and discusses the types of bacteria that may be involved in the occurrence and progression of gout. We also describe potential therapy for gout by restoring gut microbiota homeostasis and reducing uric acid levels. We hold the perspective that changing intestinal microbiota may become a vital method for effectively preventing or treating gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Research on Human Genetic Diseases Research at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Basic Medicine, Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region 024000, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, PR China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi Xin
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Shao-Li Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Hong-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Qiang Xin
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, PR China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulanqab General Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mongolian Medicine, Hugeji Street South, Industry and Agriculture Street West, Jining New District, Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia 012000, PR China
| | - Xi-He Zhang
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, PR China
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Lou Y, Liu B, Jiang Z, Wen X, Song S, Xie Z, Mao Y, Shao T. Assessing the causal relationships of gut microbial genera with hyperuricemia and gout using two-sample Mendelian randomization. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1028-1035. [PMID: 38403483 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The causal relationship between gut microbiota and gout and hyperuricemia (HUA) has not been clarified. The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential causal effects of gut microbiota on HUA and gout using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetic instruments were selected using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) comprising a substantial number of individuals, including 18,473 participants for gut microbiome, 288,649 for serum urate (SU), and 763,813 for gout. Two-sample MR analyses were performed to determine the possible causal associations of gut microbial genera with the risk of HUA and gout using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and robustness of the results was confirmed by several sensitivity analyses. A reverse MR analysis was conducted on the bacterial taxa that were identified in forward MR analysis. Based on the results of MR analyses, Escherichia-Shigella (OR = 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08; P = 0.009) exhibited a positive association with SU levels, while Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group (OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92-0.98; P = 0.001) and Family XIII AD3011 group (OR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99; P = 0.015) were associated with a reduced HUA risk. Moreover, Coprococcus 3 (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.34, P = 0.031) was causally associated with a higher gout risk. In reverse MR analysis, no causal relationships were identified between these bacterial genera and HUA or gout. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for a causal association between gut microbial genera and HUA or gout, and further investigations of the underlying mechanism are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhounan Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianghui Wen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyue Song
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Xie
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Tiejuan Shao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Hussain A, Rui B, Ullah H, Dai P, Ahmad K, Yuan J, Liu Y, Li M. Limosilactobacillus reuteri HCS02-001 Attenuates Hyperuricemia through Gut Microbiota-Dependent Regulation of Uric Acid Biosynthesis and Excretion. Microorganisms 2024; 12:637. [PMID: 38674582 PMCID: PMC11052267 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a prevalent metabolic disorder that arises from abnormal purine metabolism and reduced excretion of uric acid (UA). The gut microbiota plays a significant role in the biosynthesis and excretion of UA. Probiotics capable of purine degradation possess the potential to prevent hyperuricemia. Our study aimed to screen probiotics in areas with abundant dairy products and longevity populations in China, which could attenuate the level of UA and explore the underlying mechanism. In this study, twenty-three lactic acid bacteria isolated from healthy Chinese infant feces and traditional fermented foods such as hurood and lump milk were evaluated for the ability to tolerance acid, bile, artificial gastric juice, and artificial intestinal juice to determine the potential of the candidate strains as probiotics. Eight strains were identified as possessing superior tolerance to simulated intestinal conditions and were further analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), revealing that Limosilactobacillus reuteri HCS02-001 (Lact-1) and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei HCS17-040 (Lact-2) possess the most potent ability to degrade purine nucleosides. The effect of Lact-1 and Lact-2 on hyperuricemia was evaluated by intervening with them in the potassium oxonate and adenine-induced hyperuricemia Balb/c mice model in vivo. Our results showed that the level of serum UA in hyperuricemic mice can be efficiently reduced via the oral administration of Lact-1 (p < 0.05). It significantly inhibited the levels of liver inflammatory cytokines and hepatic xanthine oxidase through a TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway across the gut-liver axis. Furthermore, UA transporters ABCG2 and SLC2A9 were substantially upregulated by the intervention of this probiotic. Fecal ATP levels were significantly induced, while fecal xanthine dehydrogenase and allantoinase levels were increased following probiotics. RNA sequencing of HT-29 cells line treated with Lact-1 and its metabolites demonstrated significant regulation of pathways related to hyperuricemia. In summary, these findings demonstrate that Limosilactobacillus reuteri HCS02-001 possesses a capacity to ameliorate hyperuricemia by inhibiting UA biosynthesis via enhancing gastrointestinal barrier functions and promoting UA removal through the upregulation of urate transporters, thereby providing a basis for the probiotic formulation by targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hussain
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Binqi Rui
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Hayan Ullah
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Panpan Dai
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Kabir Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China;
| | - Jieli Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yinhui Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
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Bai H, Wu Y, Li H, Zhu Y, Che R, Wang F, Zhang C. Cerebral neurotoxicity of amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics in mice and the protective effects of functional food Camellia pollen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169511. [PMID: 38145676 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that nanoplastics contribute to an increased risk of brain damage, however, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we subjected mice to long-term exposure to amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics (APS-NPs). These nanoplastics were detected in the mouse brain; coupled with the observed upregulation of Alzheimer's disease-associated genes (APP and MAPT). To further explore nanoplastic damage mechanisms and the corresponding protective strategies against these mechanisms in vitro, we used hCMEC/D3 and HT22 cells. Results showed that APS-NPs disrupted tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1) via TLR2/MMP9 axis, resulting in blood-brain barrier permeation; this was significantly mitigated by functional food Camellia pollen treatment. APS-NPs initiated iNOS and nNOS upregulation within neurons resulting in Sirtuin 1 deacetylase inactivation and CBP acetyltransferase stimulation, ultimately leading to Ac-Tau formation. This process was attenuated by Camellia pollen, which also ameliorated the APS-NPs-induced neuronal apoptosis mediated by the p53/Bax/Bcl-2 axis. Network pharmacology analysis of Camellia pollen offered a further theoretical understanding of its potential applications in preventing and treating nervous system disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. This study established that Camellia pollen protects the brain against APS-NPs-mediated blood-brain barrier damage and alleviates neuronal apoptosis and Alzheimer's disease-like neurotoxicity. This study elucidates the mechanisms underlying polystyrene-induced brain damage and can be used to inform future prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjia Bai
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanliang Wu
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haini Li
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yining Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 21094, China
| | - Ruijie Che
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 21094, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 21094, China.
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Sino-Jan Joint Lab of Natural Health Products Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Ma N, Cai S, Sun Y, Chu C. Chinese Sumac ( Rhus chinensis Mill.) Fruits Prevent Hyperuricemia and Uric Acid Nephropathy in Mice Fed a High-Purine Yeast Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:184. [PMID: 38257077 PMCID: PMC10819650 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a prevalent chronic disease, characterized by excessive blood uric acid levels, that poses a significant health risk. In this study, the preventive effects and potential mechanisms of ethanol extracts from Chinese sumac (Rhus chinensis Mill.) fruits on HUA and uric acid nephropathy were comprehensively investigated. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in uric acid levels in hyperuricemia mice after treatment with Chinese sumac fruit extract, especially in the high-dose group, where the blood uric acid level decreased by 39.56%. Visual diagrams of the kidneys and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections showed the extract's effectiveness in protecting against kidney damage caused by excessive uric acid. Further investigation into its mechanism revealed that the extract prevents and treats hyperuricemia by decreasing uric acid production, enhancing uric acid excretion, and mitigating the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions induced by excessive uric acid in the kidneys. Specifically, the extract markedly decreased xanthine oxidase (XOD) levels and expression in the liver, elevated the expression of uric acid transporters ABCG2, and lowered the expression of uric acid reabsorption proteins URAT1 and SLC2A9. Simultaneously, it significantly elevated the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH) while reducing the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, the expression of uric-acid-related proteins NLRP3, ACS, and Caspase-3 and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly reduced. The experimental results confirm that Chinese sumac fruit extract can improve HUA and uric acid nephropathy in mice fed a high-purine yeast diet. This finding establishes a theoretical foundation for developing Chinese sumac fruit as a functional food or medicine for preventing and treating HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chuanqi Chu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (N.M.); (S.C.)
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Lv Q, Zhou J, Wang C, Yang X, Han Y, Zhou Q, Yao R, Sui A. A dynamics association study of gut barrier and microbiota in hyperuricemia. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1287468. [PMID: 38088975 PMCID: PMC10711221 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1287468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The intricate interplay between gut microbiota and hyperuricemia remains a subject of growing interest. However, existing studies only provided snapshots of the gut microbiome at single time points, the temporal dynamics of gut microbiota alterations during hyperuricemia progression and the intricate interplay between the gut barrier and microbiota remain underexplored. Our investigation revealed compelling insights into the dynamic changes in both gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function throughout the course of hyperuricemia. Methods The hyperuricemia mice (HY) were given intragastric administration of adenine and potassium oxalate. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after the start of the modeling process. Intestinal permeability as well as LPS, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels were measured at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Results We discovered that shifts in microbial community composition occur prior to the onset of hyperuricemia, key bacterial Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroides, and Blautia exhibited reduced levels, potentially fueling microbial dysbiosis as the disease progresses. During the course of hyperuricemia, the dynamic fluctuations in both uric acid levels and intestinal barrier function was accompanied with the depletion of key beneficial bacteria, including Prevotellaceae, Muribaculum, Parabacteroides, Akkermansia, and Bacteroides, and coincided with an increase in pathogenic bacteria such as Oscillibacter and Ruminiclostridium. This microbial community shift likely contributed to elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, ultimately promoting metabolic inflammation. The decline of Burkholderiaceae and Parasutterella was inversely related to uric acid levels, Conversely, key families Ruminococcaceae, Family_XIII, genera Anaeroplasma exhibited positive correlations with uric acid levels. Akkermansiaceae and Bacteroidaceae demonstrating negative correlations, while LPS-containing microbiota such as Desulfovibrio and Enterorhabdus exhibited positive correlations with intestinal permeability. Conclusion In summary, this study offers a dynamic perspective on the complex interplay between gut microbiota, uric acid levels, and intestinal barrier function during hyperuricemia progression. Our study suggested that Ruminiclostridium, Bacteroides, Akkermansiaceae, Bilophila, Burkholderiaceae and Parasutterella were the key bacteria that play vital rols in the progress of hyperuricemia and compromised intestinal barrier, which provide a potential avenue for therapeutic interventions in hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulan Lv
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changyao Wang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yafei Han
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruyong Yao
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Aihua Sui
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Rodríguez-Pólit C, Gonzalez-Pastor R, Heredia-Moya J, Carrera-Pacheco SE, Castillo-Solis F, Vallejo-Imbaquingo R, Barba-Ostria C, Guamán LP. Chemical Properties and Biological Activity of Bee Pollen. Molecules 2023; 28:7768. [PMID: 38067498 PMCID: PMC10708394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen, a remarkably versatile natural compound collected by bees for its abundant source of proteins and nutrients, represents a rich reservoir of diverse bioactive compounds with noteworthy chemical and therapeutic potential. Its extensive biological effects have been known and exploited since ancient times. Today, there is an increased interest in finding natural compounds against oxidative stress, a factor that contributes to various diseases. Recent research has unraveled a multitude of biological activities associated with bee pollen, ranging from antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties to potential antiviral and anticancer applications. Comprehending the extensive repertoire of biological properties across various pollen sources remains challenging. By investigating a spectrum of pollen types and their chemical composition, this review produces an updated analysis of the bioactive constituents and the therapeutic prospects they offer. This review emphasizes the necessity for further exploration and standardization of diverse pollen sources and bioactive compounds that could contribute to the development of innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodríguez-Pólit
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
- Centro de Referencia Nacional de Genómica, Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Quito 170403, Ecuador;
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Rebeca Gonzalez-Pastor
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Jorge Heredia-Moya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Fabián Castillo-Solis
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Roberto Vallejo-Imbaquingo
- Departamento de Estudios Organizacionales y Desarrollo Humano DESODEH, Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador;
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- Escuela de Medicina, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Quito, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador;
- Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
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10
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Zheng Z, Wu L, Deng W, Yi K, Li Y. Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Mechanism of Furong Plum Fruits at Different Maturity Stages. Foods 2023; 12:4253. [PMID: 38231765 PMCID: PMC10705914 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted on the polyphenol content, flavonoid content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant capacity of Furong plum (Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. "furong") at different maturity stages to determine the most suitable maturity stage. The inhibition of plum polyphenols on xanthine oxidase (XOD) was measured, and its kinetics were studied to reveal the inhibitory mechanism. The experimental results showed that the polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of plums at the ripe stage were the highest, reaching 320.46 mg GAE/100 g FW, 204.21 mg/100 g FW, and 66.24 mg/100 g FW, respectively, in comparison those of the plums at the immature and mid-ripe stages. The antioxidant capacity of the ripe plums was stronger than it was during the other stages of the plums growth. Among them, the total polyphenols of the ripe plums exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity (IC50 values against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals were 28.19 ± 0.67 μg/mL and 198.16 ± 7.55 μg/mL, respectively), which was between the antioxidant capacity of the free polyphenols and bound polyphenols. The major phenolic monomer compounds of plum polyphenols were flavan-3-ols (epicatechin, catechin, proanthocyanidin, and procyanidin B2), flavonols (myricetin), and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and protocatechuic acid). Additionally, plum polyphenols exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on XOD, with an IC50 value of 77.64 μg/mL. The inhibition kinetics showed that plum polyphenols are mixed-type inhibitors that inhibit XOD activity and that the inhibition process is reversible. The calculated values of Ki and α were 16.53 mmol/L and 0.26, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products (Food) Processing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kexin Yi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yibin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products (Food) Processing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
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11
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Qi X, Guan K, Liu C, Chen H, Ma Y, Wang R. Whey protein peptides PEW and LLW synergistically ameliorate hyperuricemia and modulate gut microbiota in potassium oxonate and hypoxanthine-induced hyperuricemic rats. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7367-7381. [PMID: 37562644 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Pro-Glu-Trp (PEW) and Leu-Leu-Trp (LLW) are peptides derived from whey protein digestive products; both peptides exhibit xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity in vitro. However, it remains unclear whether these peptides can alleviate hyperuricemia (HUA) in vivo. In this study, we investigated the roles of PEW and LLW, both individually and in combination, in alleviating HUA induced by potassium oxonate and hypoxanthine. Together, PEW and LLW exhibited synergistic effects in reducing the serum levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen, as well as increasing the fractional excretion of UA. The combined treatment with PEW and LLW inhibited UA synthesis, promoted UA excretion, and restored renal oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Moreover, the combined treatment alleviated dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, characterized by increased helpful microbial abundance, decreased harmful bacterial abundance, and increased production of short-chain fatty acids. Taken together, these results indicate that the combination of PEW and LLW mitigate HUA and kidney injury by rebalancing UA synthesis and excretion, modulating gut microbiota composition, and improving oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kaifang Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Rongchun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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12
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Meng W, Chen L, Ouyang K, Lin S, Zhang Y, He J, Wang W. Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaves flavonoids alleviate hyperuricemia by regulating uric acid metabolism and intestinal homeostasis in mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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13
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Guo F, Yang Y, Duan Y, Li C, Gao H, Liu H, Cui Q, Guo Z, Liu X, Wang Z. Quality Marker Discovery and Quality Evaluation of Eucommia ulmoides Pollen Using UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined with a DPPH-HPLC Antioxidant Activity Screening Method. Molecules 2023; 28:5288. [PMID: 37446949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen, as an important component of Eucommia ulmoides (EUP), is rich in nutrients and is receiving increasing attention. At present, there are no reports on research related to the chemical composition and quality standards of EUP, and there are significant quality differences and counterfeit phenomena in the market. This study used a UPLC-QTOF-MS system to identify 49 chemical components in EUP for the first time. In the second step, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-HPLC antioxidant activity screening technology was used to identify the main active components of EUP, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside (QSH), quercetin-3-O-sambubioside (QSB), and quercetin 3-O-neohesperidoside (QNH), and their purification, preparation, and structure identification were carried out. Third, molecular docking was used to predict the activity of these components. Fourth, the intracellular ROS generation model of RAW264.7 induced by H2O2 was used to verify and evaluate the activity of candidate active ingredients to determine their feasibility as Q-markers. Finally, a quality control method for EUP was constructed using the three selected components as Q-markers. The identification of chemical components and the discovery, prediction, and confirmation of characteristic Q-markers in EUP provide important references for better research on EUP and the effective evaluation and control of its quality. This approach provides a new model for the quality control of novel foods or dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yichun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qiping Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhongyuan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Kacemi R, Campos MG. Translational Research on Bee Pollen as a Source of Nutrients: A Scoping Review from Bench to Real World. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102413. [PMID: 37242296 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emphasis on healthy nutrition is gaining a forefront place in current biomedical sciences. Nutritional deficiencies and imbalances have been widely demonstrated to be involved in the genesis and development of many world-scale public health burdens, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, bee pollen is emerging as a scientifically validated candidate, which can help diminish conditions through nutritional interventions. This matrix is being extensively studied, and has proven to be a very rich and well-balanced nutrient pool. In this work, we reviewed the available evidence on the interest in bee pollen as a nutrient source. We mainly focused on bee pollen richness in nutrients and its possible roles in the main pathophysiological processes that are directly linked to nutritional imbalances. This scoping review analyzed scientific works published in the last four years, focusing on the clearest inferences and perspectives to translate cumulated experimental and preclinical evidence into clinically relevant insights. The promising uses of bee pollen for malnutrition, digestive health, metabolic disorders, and other bioactivities which could be helpful to readjust homeostasis (as it is also true in the case of anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant needs), as well as the benefits on cardiovascular diseases, were identified. The current knowledge gaps were identified, along with the practical challenges that hinder the establishment and fructification of these uses. A complete data collection made with a major range of botanical species allows more robust clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Kacemi
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria G Campos
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC, FCT Unit 313), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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Dong L, Zhang S, Chen L, Lu J, Zhao F, Long T, Wen J, Huang J, Mao Y, Qi Z, Zhang J, Li L, Dong Y. In vivo anti-hyperuricemia and anti-gouty arthritis effects of the ethanol extract from Amomumvillosum Lour. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114532. [PMID: 37002568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hyperuricemia and gout has been increasing year by year, and it is showing a younger trend. However, the first-line drugs currently used for hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis have serious side effects that limit their clinical application. Amomum villosum Lour. has been widely used in China for thousands of years as a traditional medical and edible plant, and previous screening showed that the ethanol extract of Amomum villosum Lour. could effectively inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase. Based on this discovery, this paper had achieved in-depth mechanism research. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Amomum villosum Lour. could treat hyperuricemia by reducing the production of uric acid via inhibition of xanthine oxidase and increasing the excretion of uric acid via regulation of urate transporters. Meanwhile, the extract also showed a certain protective effect on hepatic and renal damage caused by hyperuricemia. With the formation of extensive uric acid, gouty arthritis will be induced by the deposition of monosodium urate in the joint. The extract could also relieve the inflammation by reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, the extract deserves focused research and development as a potential medicine, health care product or supplemented food for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis.
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Tang GY, Li S, Xu Y, Zhang C, Xu XY, Xu L, Wang N, Feng Y. Renal herb formula protects against hyperuricemic nephropathy by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154812. [PMID: 37167821 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperuricemic nephropathy may be induced by the elevation and accumulation of uric acid in kidney after hyperuricemia, which leads to kidney residential cells apoptosis and inflammation. Renal herb formula (RHF) is a self-designed formula based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical practice in kidney disease treatment. In the literature available currently, there is not yet research article reporting the reno-protective effect of RHF against hyperuricemic nephropathy. PURPOSE This study was performed to analyze the bioactive compound profiles of RHF, evaluate its protective effects against hyperuricemic nephropathy, and investigate the mechanisms of actions regarding apoptosis and inflammation. METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector was applied to establish fingerprint and chemical composition of RHF. Potassium oxonate was used to induce hyperuricemic nephropathy in mice, and uric acid was used to stimulate apoptosis and inflammatory response in HK-2 cells, while the mice and cells were treated with RHF to explore its reno-protective effects and mechanisms. RESULTS It was found that chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and isochlorogenic acid A-C may be the characteristic components of RHF. RHF treatment could improve kidney functions in mice with hyperuricemic nephropathies, such as decreasing urine protein, uric acid, and creatinine and serum uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen. Histopathological observations showed that RHF treatment ameliorated kidney glomerular hypotrophy, tubular damage, and inflammatory infiltration. Mechanism studies revealed that RHF inhibited kidney residential cell apoptosis and inflammatory response by targeting the p53-associated intrinsic apoptosis pathway and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, it could be concluded that RHF exerted reno-protective effects against hyperuricemic nephropathy through reducing apoptosis and inflammation. RHF and the bioactive compounds chlorogenic acid analogs as promising candidates may be developed into novel and effective drugs for hyperuricemic nephropathy treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China.
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17
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Wang T, Xu H, Dong R, Wu S, Guo Y, Wang D. Effectiveness of targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome by using natural polyphenols: A systematic review of implications on health effects. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112567. [PMID: 36869555 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, inflammation and metabolic disorders pose serious public health problems and are major health concerns. It has been shown that natural polyphenols are effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases, including anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, neuron-protection, and cardio-protection. NLRP3 inflammasome, which are multiprotein complexes located within the cytosol, play an important role in the innate immune system. However, aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome were discovered as essential molecular mechanisms in triggering inflammatory processes as well as implicating it in several major metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis or cardiovascular disease. Recent studies indicate that natural polyphenols can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this review, the progress of natural polyphenols preventing inflammation and metabolic disorders via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome is systemically summarized. From the viewpoint of interfering NLRP3 inflammasome activation, the health effects of natural polyphenols are explained. Recent advances in other beneficial effects, clinical trials, and nano-delivery systems for targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are also reviewed. NLRP3 inflammasome is targeted by natural polyphenols to exert multiple health effects, which broadens the understanding of polyphenol mechanisms and provides valuable guidance to new researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212000 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong Xu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ruixia Dong
- College of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, 211169 Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hanzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Guo
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China.
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18
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Wang Z, Song L, Li X, Xiao Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Li M, Ren Z. Lactiplantibacillus pentosus P2020 protects the hyperuricemia and renal inflammation in mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1094483. [PMID: 36891165 PMCID: PMC9987516 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1094483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common metabolic disease, and its prevalence has been increasing worldwide. Pharmaceutical drugs have been used for controlling HUA but they all have certain side effects, which thus calls for discovering alternative options including using treatment of probiotics to prevent the development of HUA. Methods We established HUA mice model induced by potassium oxonate and adenine and performed in vivo experiments to verify the ability to lower serum uric acid of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus P2020 (LPP), a probiotics stain extracted from Chinese pickle. We also tried to discussed the underlying mechanisms. Results Oral administration with LPP significantly decreased serum uric acid and reduced renal inflammatory response by downregulating multiple inflammation pathways including NK-kB, MAPK, and TNFα. We also found that LPP administration significantly promoted uric acid excretion by regulating expression of transporters in the kidney and ileum. In addition, LPP intake improved intestinal barrier function and modulated the composition of gut microbiota. Discussion These results suggest that probiotics LPP may have a promising potential to protect against development of HUA and HUA-related renal damage, and its working mechanisms involve regulation of inflammation pathways and expression of transporters in the kidney and ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiong Song
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanming Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jintong Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingding Li
- Maiyata Institute for Beneficial Bacteria, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang N, Zhou J, Zhao L, Zhao Z, Wang S, Zhang L, Zhou F. Ferulic acid supplementation alleviates hyperuricemia in high-fructose/fat diet-fed rats via promoting uric acid excretion and mediating the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:1710-1725. [PMID: 36722874 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) has been rising, and it is typically accompanied by renal injury and intestinal flora disorder, leading to a non-negligible health crisis. Ferulic acid (FA), as a familiar polyphenol, has been proven to exert anti-hyperuricemic properties via inhibiting uric acid (UA) synthesis; however, the detailed underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the regulatory effect of FA on UA excretion as a potential strategy for reducing UA levels, and the comorbidities of HUA. FA treatment downregulated the expression of urate absorption transporter genes and repressed the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway in UA-stimulated HK-2 cells. To examine these effects in vivo, FA or allopurinol (positive control) was given to rats with HUA induced by a high-fructose/fat diet (HFFD) for 20 weeks. FA markedly decreased the serum UA, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels. The expression of urate absorption transporters was downregulated, whereas the expression of secretion transporters was upregulated in the kidneys and intestines of FA-treated HUA rats. Additionally, FA mitigated renal oxidative stress, and suppressed the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the downstream inflammatory response-related markers in the kidneys. Moreover, FA remodeled the composition of the gut microbiota, characterized by an increase in beneficial bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus) and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Bacteroides). In conclusion, our study validated FA as an effective nutrient to ameliorate HFFD-induced HUA, suggesting its potential to mitigate the HUA-associated renal impairment and intestinal microbiota disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shiran Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Qi X, Ma Y, Guan K, Liu C, Wang R, Ma Y, Niu T. Whey protein peptide PEW attenuates hyperuricemia and associated renal inflammation in potassium oxonate and hypoxanthine-induced rat. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Ai G, Huang R, Xie J, Zhong L, Wu X, Qin Z, Su Z, Chen J, Yang X, Dou Y. Hypouricemic and nephroprotective effects of palmatine from Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis: A uric acid modulator targeting Keap1-Nrf2/NLRP3 axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115775. [PMID: 36198377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Palmatine (Pal) is a major bioactive alkaloid originated from ancient Chinese herbal medicine Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis (CPA), which has long been applied to treat hyperuricemia (HUA)-related diseases. Pal possesses potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects against metabolic diseases. However, its potential beneficial effect against PO (potassium oxonate)/HX (hypoxanthine)-induced HUA remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the potential pharmacological effect and mechanism of Pal on PO/HX-induced HUA in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS A mouse model of HUA was established by co-administration of PO/HX once daily for 7 consecutive days. The HUA mice were orally given three doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of Pal daily for a week. Febuxostat (Feb, 5 mg/kg) was given as a positive control. At the scheduled termination of the experiment, the whole blood, liver and kidney were collected for subsequent analyses. The concentrations of uric acid (UA), creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) were evaluated. Histopathological alterations of the kidney were detected by H&E staining. The inflammatory and oxidative stress status was detected by assay kits. Additionally, key proteins involved in the urate transporter, Keap1-Nrf2 and TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathways were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Finally, molecular docking was employed to probe the binding characteristics of Pal and target proteins Keap1, NLRP3, URAT1 and HO-1. RESULTS Administration of Pal substantially decreased the elevated kidney weight, lowered UA, CRE and BUN levels, and attenuated abnormal histopathological alterations. Meanwhile, treatment with Pal also dramatically lowered hepatic XOD and ADA activities. Besides, Pal treatment effectively mitigated the renal inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Further mechanistic investigation indicated Pal distinctly downregulated the protein levels of GLUT9 and URAT1, while up-regulated the expression levels of OAT1 and ABCG2. Pal also restored Nrf2 activation, promoted subsequent expression of anti-oxidative enzymes, and downregulated the expressions of TXNIP, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like (ASC), caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Molecular docking analysis also indicated Pal firmly bound with Keap1, NLRP3, URAT1 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that Pal exhibited favorable anti-HUA effect via modulating the expressions of transporter-related proteins and suppressing XOD activity. Furthermore, Pal also alleviated HUA-induced kidney injury, which was at least partially related to restoring Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome. Our investigation was envisaged to provide experimental support for the traditional application of CPA and CPA-containing classical herbal formulas in the management of HUA-related diseases and might provide novel dimension to the clinical application of Pal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ronglei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Linjiang Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zehui Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yaoxing Dou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine/Post-Doctoral Research Station, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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22
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Wei B, Ren P, Yang R, Gao Y, Tang Q, Xue C, Wang Y. Ameliorative Effect of Mannuronate Oligosaccharides on Hyperuricemic Mice via Promoting Uric Acid Excretion and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020417. [PMID: 36678288 PMCID: PMC9865265 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannuronate oligosaccharide (MOS) is α-D-mannuronic acid polymer with 1,4-glycosidic linkages that possesses beneficial biological properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypouricemic effect of MOS in hyperuricemic mice and demonstrate the possible protective mechanisms involved. In this research, 200 mg/kg/day of MOS was orally administered to hyperuricemic mice for four weeks. The results showed that the MOS treatment significantly reduced the serum uric acid (SUA) level from 176.4 ± 7.9 μmol/L to 135.7 ± 10.9 μmol/L (p < 0.05). MOS alleviated the inflammatory response in the kidney. Moreover, MOS promoted uric acid excretion by regulating the protein levels of renal GLUT9, URAT1 and intestinal GLUT9, ABCG2. MOS modulated the gut microbiota in hyperuricemic mice and decreased the levels of Tyzzerella. In addition, research using antibiotic-induced pseudo-sterile mice demonstrated that the gut microbiota played a crucial role in reducing elevated serum uric acid of MOS in mice. In conclusion, MOS may be a potential candidate for alleviating HUA symptoms and regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqian Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Ruzhen Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-186-6140-2667
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
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23
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Jeong J, Lim MK, Han EH, Lee SH, Kang S, Lee S. Extract of Aster glehni ameliorates potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia by modulating renal urate transporters and renal inflammation by suppressing TLR4/MyD88 signaling. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1729-1739. [PMID: 36312990 PMCID: PMC9596640 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that Aster glehni extract (AGE) reduces hyperuricemia by preventing xanthine oxidase activity. However, its effect on renal urate transporters responsible for modulating urate excretion has not been examined. This study investigated whether AGE affects gene expressions of urate transporters using potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemia rats. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of AGE were explored to ameliorate renal inflammation and injury by PO. AGE effectively restored PO-induced dysregulation of renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), and organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), resulting in increasing urate excretion. Additionally, AGE suppressed toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (TLR4/MyD88) signaling, phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and renal production of IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. These results suggest that AGE may ameliorate PO-induced hyperuricemia by modulating renal transporters, and further renal inflammation via inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01153-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongho Jeong
- R&D Center, Korea Eundan Healthcare Co., Ltd, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15405 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Lim
- R&D Center, Korea Eundan Healthcare Co., Ltd, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15405 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Han
- R&D Center, Korea Eundan Healthcare Co., Ltd, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15405 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- R&D Center, Korea Eundan Healthcare Co., Ltd, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15405 Republic of Korea
| | - Seongman Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lee
- R&D Center, Korea Eundan Healthcare Co., Ltd, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15405 Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
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24
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Tong S, Zhang P, Cheng Q, Chen M, Chen X, Wang Z, Lu X, Wu H. The role of gut microbiota in gout: Is gut microbiota a potential target for gout treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1051682. [PMID: 36506033 PMCID: PMC9730829 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1051682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota is essential for the host's health because it regulates the host's metabolism, endocrine, and immune systems. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that gut microbiota plays a role in the onset and progression of gout. Changes in the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota, result in abnormalities of uric acid degradation, increasing uric acid generation, releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, and intestinal barrier damage in developing gout. As a result, gout therapy that targets gut microbiota has drawn significant interest. This review summarized how the gut microbiota contributes to the pathophysiology of gout and how gout affects the gut microbiota. Additionally, this study explained how gut microbiota might serve as a unique index for the diagnosis of gout and how conventional gout treatment medicines interact with it. Finally, prospective therapeutic approaches focusing on gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of gout were highlighted, which may represent a future avenue in gout treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyong Lu
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Lu, ; Huaxiang Wu,
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Lu, ; Huaxiang Wu,
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25
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Xu L, Cheng J, Lu J, Lin G, Yu Q, Li Y, Chen J, Xie J, Su Z, Zhou Q. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to clarify the anti-hyperuricemia mechanism of cortex phellodendri in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:964593. [PMID: 36438835 PMCID: PMC9692208 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.964593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA), a common metabolic disease, is treated as the second-largest metabolic disease after diabetes in China. Cortex Phellodendri (CP) is one of the most frequently used herbal medicines for treating gout or HUA. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-HUA effect of CP is still unrevealed. Hence, this study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanism of CP against HUA using network pharmacology coupled with in vivo experimental validation. Active compounds and potential targets of CP, as well as the potential targets related to HUA, were retrieved from multiple open-source databases. The drug-disease overlapping targets were obtained by Venn diagram analysis and used to construct the herb-component-target (HCT), protein-protein-interaction (PPI), and component-target-pathway (CTP) networks. The functional enrichment analysis was also performed for further study. Furthermore, a HUA mouse model was induced by a combination of intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate (PO, 300 mg/kg) and intragastric administration of hypoxanthine (HX, 300 mg/kg) daily for 10 days. Different dosages of CP (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) were orally given to mice 1 h after modeling. The results showed that 12 bioactive compounds and 122 drug-disease overlapping targets were obtained by matching 415 CP-related targets and 679 HUA-related targets, and berberine was one of the most important compounds with the highest degree value. The core targets of CP for treating HUA were TP53, MAPK8, MAPK3, IL-6, c-Jun, AKT1, xanthine oxidase (XOD), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results showed that the anti-HUA effect of CP mainly involved the pathways of inflammation and apoptosis, such as PI3K/Akt, TNF, MAPK, TLR, AMPK, NF-κB, and NLRP3 signaling pathways. In vivo animal experiment further confirmed the hypouricemic effect of CP in a HUA mouse model, as evidenced by significantly restored kidney histological deteriorations, and considerably decreased levels of serum uric acid (sUA), creatinine (Cre), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and hepatic UA. Furthermore, the hypouricemic action of CP in vivo might be attributed to its suppression of XOD activity in the liver, rather than ABCG2 in the kidney. Real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis also confirmed the key roles of the hub genes in CP against HUA. In conclusion, CP exhibited therapeutic effect against HUA via multi-compounds, multi-targets, and multi-pathways. It possessed anti-HUA and nephroprotective effects via suppressing XOD activity, and reversed the progression of renal injury by exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieqiang Xu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juanjuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoshu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- China Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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26
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Scanu A, Luisetto R, Ramonda R, Spinella P, Sfriso P, Galozzi P, Oliviero F. Anti-Inflammatory and Hypouricemic Effect of Bioactive Compounds: Molecular Evidence and Potential Application in the Management of Gout. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5173-5190. [PMID: 36354664 PMCID: PMC9688861 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gout is caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joint and represents the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men. Its prevalence is rising worldwide mainly due to the increase of risk factors associated with the disease, in particular hyperuricemia. Besides gout, hyperuricemia leads to an increased inflammatory state of the body with consequent increased risk of comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence shows that bioactive compounds have a significant role in fighting inflammatory and immune chronic conditions. In gout and hyperuricemia, these molecules can exert their effects at two levels. They can either decrease serum uric acid concentrations or fight inflammation associated with monosodium urate crystals deposits and hyperuricemia. In this view, they might be considered valuable support to the pharmacological therapy and prevention of the disease. This review aims to provide an overview of the beneficial role of bioactive compounds in hyperuricemia, gout development, and inflammatory pathways of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scanu
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Luisetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology—DISCOG, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Spinella
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Sfriso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Galozzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Oliviero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine—DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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27
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The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Its Therapeutic Implications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3790721. [PMID: 36111168 PMCID: PMC9470324 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3790721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the precise molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear, and it is still a challenging disease to diagnose and treat. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin 3 domain (NLRP3) inflammasome is a critical part of the innate immune system in the host to defend against endogenous danger and pathogenic microbial infections. Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation results in the overproduction of cytokines, primarily IL-1β and IL-18, and eventually, inflammatory cell death-pyroptosis. A series of studies have indicated that NLRP3 inflammasome activation participates in the development of DCM, and that corresponding interventions could mitigate disease progression. Accordingly, this narrative review is aimed at briefly summarizing the cell-specific role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in DCM and provides novel insights into developing DCM therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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28
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Wang Z, Li Y, Liao W, Huang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Tang J. Gut microbiota remodeling: A promising therapeutic strategy to confront hyperuricemia and gout. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:935723. [PMID: 36034697 PMCID: PMC9399429 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout continuously increases and has become a major public health problem. The gut microbiota, which colonizes the human intestine, has a mutually beneficial and symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a vital role in the host’s metabolism and immune regulation. Structural changes or imbalance in the gut microbiota could cause metabolic disorders and participate in the synthesis of purine-metabolizing enzymes and the release of inflammatory cytokines, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of the metabolic immune disease HUA and gout. The gut microbiota as an entry point to explore the pathogenesis of HUA and gout has become a new research hotspot. This review summarizes the characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with HUA and gout. Meanwhile, the influence of different dietary structures on the gut microbiota, the effect of the gut microbiota on purine and uric acid metabolism, and the internal relationship between the gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemia/inflammatory factors are explored. Moreover, the intervention effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation on HUA and gout are also systematically reviewed to provide a gut flora solution for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilei Wang, ; Jianyuan Tang,
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilei Wang, ; Jianyuan Tang,
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29
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Feng W, Liu J, Cheng H, Zhang D, Tan Y, Peng C. Dietary compounds in modulation of gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Front Nutr 2022; 9:939571. [PMID: 35928846 PMCID: PMC9343712 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.939571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota, a group of microorganisms that live in the gastrointestinal tract, plays important roles in health and disease. One mechanism that gut microbiota in modulation of the functions of hosts is achieved through synthesizing and releasing a series of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated that dietary compounds can interact with gut microbiota. On one hand, dietary compounds can modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota; on the other hand, gut microbiota can metabolize the dietary compounds. Although there are several reviews on gut microbiota and diets, there is no focused review on the effects of dietary compounds on gut microbiota-derived metabolites. In this review, we first briefly discussed the types of gut microbiota metabolites, their origins, and the reasons that dietary compounds can interact with gut microbiota. Then, focusing on gut microbiota-derived compounds, we discussed the effects of dietary compounds on gut microbiota-derived compounds and the following effects on health. Furthermore, we give our perspectives on the research direction of the related research fields. Understanding the roles of dietary compounds on gut microbiota-derived metabolites will expand our knowledge of how diets affect the host health and disease, thus eventually enable the personalized diets and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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30
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Wang X, Qi Y, Zheng H. Dietary Polyphenol, Gut Microbiota, and Health Benefits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061212. [PMID: 35740109 PMCID: PMC9220293 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, which are probably the most important secondary metabolites produced by plants, have attracted tremendous attention due to their health-promoting effects, including their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-adipogenic, and neuro-protective activities, as well as health properties. However, due to their complicated structures and high molecular weights, a large proportion of dietary polyphenols remain unabsorbed along the gastrointestinal tract, while in the large intestine they are biotransformed into bioactive, low-molecular-weight phenolic metabolites through the residing gut microbiota. Dietary polyphenols can modulate the composition of intestinal microbes, and in turn, gut microbes catabolize polyphenols to release bioactive metabolites. To better investigate the health benefits of dietary polyphenols, this review provides a summary of their modulation through in vitro and in vivo evidence (animal models and humans), as well as their possible actions through intestinal barrier function and gut microbes. This review aims to provide a basis for better understanding the relationship between dietary polyphenols, gut microbiota, and host health.
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31
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Di Chiacchio IM, Gómez-Abenza E, Paiva IM, de Abreu DJM, Rodríguez-Vidal JF, Carvalho EEN, Carvalho SM, Solis-Murgas LD, Mulero V. Bee pollen in zebrafish diet affects intestinal microbiota composition and skin cutaneous melanoma development. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9998. [PMID: 35705722 PMCID: PMC9200724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is recommended as dietary supplement due to immunostimulating functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of such properties is still not well understood. As diet can be associated with animal performance, microbiota modulation and potentially factor for cancer, this study aimed to analyze if bee pollen could influence growth, gut microbial and skin cutaneous melanoma development in zebrafish. Control diets based on commercial flakes and Artemia were compared with the same diet supplemented with bee pollen. Fish weight gain, increased length, intestinal bacteria metagenomics analysis, serum amyloid A gene expression and cutaneous melanoma transplantation assays were performed. Bee pollen affected microbiota composition and melanoma development. Differential abundance revealed higher abundance in the control group for Aeromonadaceae family, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas genus, A. sobria, A. schubertii, A. jandaei and P. alcaligenes species compared with pollen diet group. Pollen group presented higher abundance for Chromobacterium genus and for Gemmobacter aquaticus, Flavobacterium succinicans and Bifidobacterium breve compared with control group. Unexpectedly, fish fed with bee pollen showed higher tumor growth rate and larger tumor size than control group. This is the first study to report intestinal microbial changes and no protective cancer properties after bee pollen administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela M Di Chiacchio
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias-FZMV, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brasil
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERER, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez-Abenza
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERER, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isadora M Paiva
- Laboratório de Genética Animal e Humana, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brasil
| | - Danilo J M de Abreu
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola-ICN, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Vidal
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERER, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elisângela E N Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos-ESAL, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brasil
| | - Stephan M Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia-ESAL, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brasil
| | - Luis David Solis-Murgas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias-FZMV, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brasil.
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERER, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Niwano Y, Kohzaki H, Shirato M, Shishido S, Nakamura K. Putative Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Polyphenols in Murine Models of Metabolic Disorders in Relation to Gut Microbiota. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1353-1375. [PMID: 35723314 PMCID: PMC8947480 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of polyphenols on metabolic disorders have been extensively reported. The interaction of these compounds with the gut microbiota has been the focus of recent studies. In this review, we explored the fundamental mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of polyphenols in relation to the gut microbiota in murine models of metabolic disorders. We analyzed the effects of polyphenols on three murine models of metabolic disorders, namely, models of a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorder, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and a metabolic disorder not associated with HFD or DSS. Regardless of the model, polyphenols ameliorated the effects of metabolic disorders by alleviating intestinal oxidative stress, improving inflammatory status, and improving intestinal barrier function, as well as by modulating gut microbiota, for example, by increasing the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. Consequently, polyphenols reduce circulating lipopolysaccharide levels, thereby improving inflammatory status and alleviating oxidative imbalance at the lesion sites. In conclusion, polyphenols likely act by regulating intestinal functions, including the gut microbiota, and may be a safe and suitable therapeutic agent for various metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Niwano
- Faculty of Nursing, Shumei University, Yachiyo 276-0003, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-47-411-7862
| | | | - Midori Shirato
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (S.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Shunichi Shishido
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (S.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (S.S.); (K.N.)
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33
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Wei-Yun B, Cailin Z. Genistein ameliorates hyperuricemia-associated nephropathy in hyperuricemic mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.1996540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wei-Yun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Skills Training Center, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Cailin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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