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Nawrocik-Madrid A, AlTfaili H, Lamb RJ, Ginsburg BC. A Rapid Procedure to Assess Shifts in Discriminative Control Over Drinking During Recovery-Like Behavior. Alcohol 2024:S0741-8329(24)00016-8. [PMID: 38395371 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we reported that recovery-like behavior decreases stimulus control over drinking, and this likely plays a role in the clinical observation that longer recovery increases relapse resistance. Those studies were conducted using a procedure that required repeated assessment, preventing a longitudinal analysis of the changes in stimulus control over time in each individual. Here we recapitulate those results and extend them to female rats using a more efficient procedure that allows repeated assessment of changes in stimulus control over drinking during recovery. METHODS Under a multiple concurrent schedule, rats were trained to reliably respond predominately for ethanol (concurrent Ethanol FR5, Food FR150) in the presence of one stimulus and for food (concurrent Ethanol FR5, Food FR5) in the presence of another stimulus. Stimuli were either lights or tones, depending on the group. After that, a drinking phase in which only the stimulus occasioning ethanol responding was presented (10 or 20 sessions) followed by recovery-like sessions in which only the stimulus occasioning food responding was presented. During these sessions, rats were exposed to the ethanol stimulus under extinction during the first component on sessions 0, 1, 2, 4,8, and 16. The number of food responses during these stimulus exposures prior to the first 5 ethanol responses was the primary measure. RESULTS Consistent with the earlier procedure, the number of food responses during ethanol tests increased as a function of the number of recovery sessions completed, regardless of whether the stimuli were visual or auditory. However, there were no significant effects of extended alcohol exposure or sex. CONCLUSIONS A rapid procedure consistent with the earlier procedure and clinical evidence was developed in which stimulus control over drinking decreased following longer periods of recovery. Under conditions tested, stimulus type, length of drinking history and sex did not affect this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acacia Nawrocik-Madrid
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hanana AlTfaili
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - R J Lamb
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Brett C Ginsburg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
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Ruxton CH, Ruani MA, Evans CE. Promoting and disseminating consistent and effective nutrition messages: challenges and opportunities. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:394-405. [PMID: 36603858 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition messages are a central part of policy making as well as communication via product information, advertising, healthcare advice and lifestyle campaigns. However, with amplified information (and misinformation) from a growing number of sources, inconsistent and conflicting food landscapes, and limited engagement from the public, nutrition messaging tensions have become more accentuated than previously. In this review, we focus on the challenges facing those wishing to effect dietary change through communication; and identify opportunities and future research questions. Beginning with a new working definition and taxonomy for the term ‘nutrition message’, we consider the evolution of public health nutrition messages from the past century and discuss which types of messages may be more effective. We then turn to the challenges of implementation and highlight specific barriers to recipients' understanding and change. While the evidence has many gaps and there is a need for systematic evaluation of nutrition messages, research indicates that recipients are more likely to act on fewer messages that provide clear benefits and which resonate with their perceived health needs, and which are relatively straightforward to implement. Effectiveness may be improved through consideration of how nutrition messages can be designed to complement key non-health drivers of food choice (taste, cost) and societal/cultural norms. Consistency can be achieved by aligning the wider food and messaging environment to desired public health actions; that is by ensuring that retail settings provide and signpost healthier choices, and that mass media nutrition messages work with, not against, public health advice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria A Ruani
- Faculty of Education and Society, University College London, London, UK
- The Health Sciences Academy, London, UK
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Ge P, Wang X, Gao S, Liu J, Niu Y, Yan M, Fan S, Li Q, Zhang J, Sun X, Wang F, Sun Y, Yu W, Sun X, Yu L, Wu Y. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Sakata Eating Behavior Scale short form and preliminary analysis of the factors related to the score of the scale. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1076209. [PMID: 36969818 PMCID: PMC10031001 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1076209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe obesity rate in the Chinese population is increasing and there is a lack of short and reliable scales for measuring obesity-related eating behavior in China. The EBS-SF (Sakata Eating Behavior Scale short form) has only 7 entries and has shown good reliability in studies such as those in Japan.ObjectiveTo translate the EBS-SF into Chinese, check its reliability, validity and explore the related factors.MethodThe EBS-SF was translated into Chinese. 3,440 residents were investigated and 34 respondents were retested. Item analysis and reliability and validity tests were carried out. Personality characteristics, family health status and depression were investigated using the BFI-10, FHS-SF and PHQ-9 to investigate the factors associated with EBS-SF. The t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation was used to explore the related factors of its scores.ResultAmong 3,440 residents, 1,748 (50.81%) were male and 1,692 (49.19%) were female; 1,373 (39.91%) were aged 36–50 years. All 7 items were qualified in the item analysis. As for reliability, the Cronbach's α was 0.870, the split-half reliability was 0.830, the test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.868. As for the structural validity, the standardized factor loadings were above 0.50, χ2 / df = 2.081,GFI = 0.999; NFI = 0.999; RFI = 0.996; RMSEA = 0.018, all qualified. The characteristics, personality, family health and depression were correlated with the score of the Chinese version of EBS short form.ConclusionThe structural validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the EBS-SF are good and it can be used as a measurement tool to evaluate the eating behavior of Chinese. The scores of the EBS-SF may be related to the sociological characteristics, personality, family health, and depression status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Ge
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xinpei Wang
- Department of Medical Equipment, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siying Gao
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuyao Niu
- Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Mengyao Yan
- School of Health Policy and Management, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Fan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- School of Humanities and Health Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jinzi Zhang
- Department of Social Science and Humanities, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaonan Sun
- Department of Social Science and Humanities, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yike Sun
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- School of Foreign Languages, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Yu
- School of Public Health, Health Care System Reform and Development Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Lian Yu
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Yibo Wu
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Wild H, Baek Y, Shah S, Gasevic D, Owen A. The socioecological correlates of meal skipping in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:168-179. [PMID: 35913413 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Meal skipping may contribute to nutrient deficiency across the lifespan. Multiple socioecological factors have been identified as correlates of meal skipping in adolescents and adults, but evidence in older adults is limited. OBJECTIVE To determine the socioecological correlates of meal skipping in community-dwelling older adults. DATA SOURCE Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to March 2021. DATA EXTRACTION A total of 473 original research studies on socioecological factors and meal skipping among community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years were identified. Title, abstract, and full-text review was performed by 2 reviewers independently, and a third reviewer resolved disagreements. A total of 23 studies met our inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by 1 reviewer from these studies and independently verified by another. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess methodological quality. DATA ANALYSIS The frequency of meal skipping in included studies ranged between 2.1% and 61%. This review identified 5 domains of socioecological correlates associated with meal skipping in older adults: sociodemographic, behavioral, biomedical, psychological, and social. CONCLUSION Understanding the factors associated with meal skipping in older adults can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve nutrition and health. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021249338.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Wild
- are with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yeji Baek
- are with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shivangi Shah
- are with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Danijela Gasevic
- are with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,with the Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alice Owen
- are with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Kopasker D, Whybrow S, McKenzie L, McNamee P, Ludbrook A. The effects of minimum unit pricing for alcohol on food purchases: Evaluation of a natural experiment. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101174. [PMID: 35898560 PMCID: PMC9310105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background On the 1st of May 2018 Scotland became the first country to introduce minimum unit pricing (MUP) for alcohol sales. The objective of this study is to identify the effects of this policy instrument on food purchasing by evaluating a natural experiment. Methods Longitudinal analysis compares regions with similar characteristics but differing exposure to MUP (Scotland and the north of England). Secondary data from the Kantar Worldpanel on itemised purchases between April 2017 and April 2019 provided a total sample of 8051 households. The outcomes analysed are weekly household expenditure (£s) and purchase volume (grams), both overall and disaggregated to 16 product categories. Results Following the introduction of MUP, total household food expenditure in Scotland declined by 1.0%, 95%CI [-1.9%, -0.0%], and total food volume declined by 0.8%, 95%CI [-1.7%, 0.2%] compared to the north of England. There is variation in response between product categories, with less spending on fruit and vegetables and increased spending on crisps and snacks. Conclusion Minimum unit pricing for alcohol has displaced some household food purchasing and the pattern of changes in food categories appears to be less desirable from a healthy diet perspective. However, changes caused by a minimum price at a nominal 50 pence per unit of alcohol are relatively small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kopasker
- University of Glasgow, SPHSU, United Kingdom
- University of Aberdeen, HERU, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author. MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, United Kingdom.
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Mei D, Deng Y, Li Q, Lin Z, Jiang H, Zhang J, Ming W, Zhang H, Sun X, Yan G, Wu Y. Current Status and Influencing Factors of Eating Behavior in Residents at the Age of 18~60: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132585. [PMID: 35807764 PMCID: PMC9268282 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As eating behavior is important to health, this cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the factors influencing the eating behavior related to overweight and obesity of Chinese residents aged 18~60 based on the Ecological Model of Health Behavior. The short-form of the Eating Behavior Scale (EBS-SF) was applied to evaluate eating behavior. The multivariable linear stepwise regression analysis was used to identify and analyze the influence factors, and the receiver operating characteristic curves analysis to validate the predictive capability of the EBS-SF score in differentiating overweight and obesity. A total of 8623 participants were enrolled. In the personal characteristics, male (β = −0.03), older [36–45 years (β = −0.06) or 46–60 years (β = −0.07)], higher scores of Agreeableness (β = −0.04), Conscientiousness (β = −0.14) or Openness (β = −0.03) contributed to healthy eating behavior. In the individual behaviors, those who smoked (β = 0.04), drank alcohol (β = 0.05), exercised frequently (β = 0.07), had higher PHQ-9 scores (β = 0.29) may have improper eating habits. As for the interpersonal networks, the residents who were married (β = −0.04) behaved well when eating, while those who had offspring or siblings tended to have unhealthy eating behavior. At the community level, living in Western China (β = −0.03), having a monthly household income of 6001–9000 yuan per capita (β = −0.04), having no debt (β = −0.02), being retired (β = −0.03), or having lower PSSS scores (β = −0.03) led to lower EBS-SF scores. And the EBS-SF score demonstrated a moderate-high accuracy in predicting overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Mei
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yuqian Deng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Qiyu Li
- School of Humanities and Health Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China;
| | - Zhi Lin
- College of Communication and Art Design, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200000, China;
| | - Huiwen Jiang
- Department of Public Administration, School of Health Administration, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China;
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China;
| | - Waikit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, China;
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Guanyun Yan
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China;
- Correspondence: (G.Y.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-13936561788 (G.Y.); +86-18810169630 (Y.W.)
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Correspondence: (G.Y.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-13936561788 (G.Y.); +86-18810169630 (Y.W.)
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The Impact of Alcoholic Beverages on Human Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124417. [PMID: 34959968 PMCID: PMC8706792 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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