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Silva AM, Levy J, De Carli E, Cacau LT, de Alvarenga JFR, Benseñor IJM, Lotufo PA, Fiamoncini J, Brennan L, Marchioni DML. Biomarker panels for fruit intake assessment: a metabolomics analysis in the ELSA-Brasil study. Metabolomics 2024; 20:88. [PMID: 39073486 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Food intake biomarkers are used to estimate dietary exposure; however, selecting a single biomarker to evaluate a specific dietary component is difficult due to the overlap of diverse compounds from different foods. Therefore, combining two or more biomarkers can increase the sensitivity and specificity of food intake estimates. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the ability of metabolite panels to distinguish between self-reported fruit consumers and non-consumers among participants in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 93 healthy adults of both sexes were selected from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. A 24-h dietary recall was obtained using the computer-assisted 24-h food recall GloboDiet software, and 24-h urine samples were collected from each participant. Metabolites were identified in urine using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry by comparing their exact mass and fragmentation patterns using free-access databases. Multivariate receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to verify the ability of the metabolite combination to classify daily and non-daily fruit consumers. Fruit intake was identified using a 24 h dietary recall (24 h-DR). RESULTS Bananas, grapes, and oranges are included in the summary. The panel of biomarkers exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) > 0.6 (Orange AUC = 0.665; Grape AUC = 0.622; Bananas AUC = 0.602; All fruits AUC = 0.679; Citrus AUC = 0.693) and variable importance projection score > 1.0, and these were useful for assessing the sensitivity and predictability of food intake in our population. CONCLUSION A panel of metabolites was able to classify self-reported fruit consumers with strong predictive power and high specificity and sensitivity values except for banana and total fruit intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexsandro Macedo Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Levy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo De Carli
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Teixeira Cacau
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Fernando Rinaldi de Alvarenga
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Andrade Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jarlei Fiamoncini
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Phenolipids, Amphipilic Phenolic Antioxidants with Modified Properties and Their Spectrum of Applications in Development: A Review. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121897. [PMID: 36551325 PMCID: PMC9775470 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as secondary metabolites from plants, possess a natural antioxidant capacity and biological activities attributed to their chemical and structural characteristics. Due to their mostly polar character, polyphenols present a low solubility in less polar environments or hydrophobic matrices. However, in order to make polyphenols able to incorporate in oils and fats, a transformation strategy is necessary. For the above, the functionalization of polyphenols through chemical or enzymatic lipophilization has allowed the synthesis of phenolipids. These are amphipilic molecules that preserve the natural phenolic core to which an aliphatic motif is attached by esterification or transesterification reactions. The length of the aliphatic chain in phenolipids allows them to interact with different systems (such as emulsions, oily molecules, micelles and cellular membranes), which would favor their use in processed foods, as vehicles for drugs, antimicrobial agents, antioxidants in the cosmetic industry and even in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Martínez-Rodríguez A, Sánchez-Sánchez J, Martínez-Olcina M, Vicente-Martínez M, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Cortés-Roco G, Vázquez-Diz JA, Sánchez-Sáez JA. Professional Male Beach Handball Players Performance Profile. Nutrients 2022; 14:4839. [PMID: 36432525 PMCID: PMC9697254 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Beach handball is a sport that has seen an increase in the number of players in the last decade. The aim of the study was to evaluate the basic measures of body composition, maturation, performance outcomes and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet of professional beach handball players, as a function of category (junior vs. senior) and playing positions. Thirty-six professional beach handball players participated in the study: 18 seniors (age: 25.0 ± 5.19) and 18 juniors (age: 16.7 ± 0.46); Each player’s body composition and different sports performance variables were analysed using the CMJ test, the Abalakov test, the Yo-Yo Test IR1 and the handgrip test. The Mediterranean diet Adherence was analysed using the KIDMED questionnaire. Significant differences are observed for all performance variables, with the values of senior players being higher in all cases (p < 0.005). Moreover, the adherence to the Mediterranean diet is moderate. Positive correlations were observed between the CMJ and weight (p = 0.012) and the CMJ and the BMI (p = 0.003). The same was observed for the Abalakov test, with p = 0.004 for weight and p = 0.001 for the BMI. Regarding the dynamometry, it positively correlates with the height (p = 0.002), the sitting height (p = 0.008), wingspan (p < 0.001) and weight (p = 0.011). The opposite occurred with the Yo-Yo Test and the KIDMED variables. Conclusions: One aspect to improve, as a key performance factor, would be the adherence to the Mediterranean diet for both categories. Players with a better adherence, achieved better results in the performance tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - María Martínez-Olcina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Vina del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Guillermo Cortés-Roco
- Escuela de Educación, Pedagogía en Educación Física, Entrenador Deportivo, Universidad Viña del Mar, Vina del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Juan Antonio Vázquez-Diz
- Departamento Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla (E. U. Osuna), 41640 Osuna, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Sánchez-Sáez
- Grupo de Investigación GDOT-Gestión Deportiva, Ocio y Tecnología, Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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Martinovic D, Tokic D, Martinovic L, Vilovic M, Vrdoljak J, Kumric M, Bukic J, Ticinovic Kurir T, Tavra M, Bozic J. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Tendency to Orthorexia Nervosa in Professional Athletes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020237. [PMID: 35057417 PMCID: PMC8779465 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among many lifestyle components that professional athletes have to follow, nutrition is gradually growing to be one of the key factors for achieving and maintaining optimal sport performance. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is recognized as one of the healthiest dietary patterns worldwide; however, data regarding adherence to the MD among professional athletes are still scarce. Moreover, with the imposed need for a healthy diet among professional athletes, orthorexia nervosa (ON) could become a rising issue. This cross-sectional study included 150 professional athletes and 150 matched recreational athletes from Croatia. Four questionnaires were used for the assessment: general information, a test for the diagnosis of ON (ORTO-15), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS). Significantly more professional athletes were adherent to the MD (p < 0.001) and had a tendency to ON (p < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between the ORTO-15 score and the total MET min/week score (r = −0.524, p < 0.001) and a significant positive correlation between the MDSS score and the total MET min/week score in the professional athlete group (r = 0.478, p < 0.001). All of these results imply that professional athletes are more concentrated on their dietary patterns than recreational athletes, and that due to this dedication, they possibly have a higher adherence to the MD but also possibly a higher risk for developing ON. However, the association between ON and the MD should be further addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinko Martinovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Daria Tokic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Lovre Martinovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Marino Vilovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Josip Vrdoljak
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Marko Kumric
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Josipa Bukic
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Tina Ticinovic Kurir
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Marino Tavra
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.M.); (L.M.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-21-557-871; Fax: +385-21-557-905
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