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Panduro A, Roman S, Mariscal-Martinez IM, Jose-Abrego A, Gonzalez-Aldaco K, Ojeda-Granados C, Ramos-Lopez O, Torres-Reyes LA. Personalized medicine and nutrition in hepatology for preventing chronic liver disease in Mexico. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379364. [PMID: 38784134 PMCID: PMC11113077 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is a global health issue. Patients with chronic liver disease require a fresh approach that focuses on the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to disease initiation and progression. Emerging knowledge in the fields of Genomic Medicine and Genomic Nutrition demonstrates differences between countries in terms of genetics and lifestyle risk factors such as diet, physical activity, and mental health in chronic liver disease, which serves as the foundation for the implementation of Personalized Medicine and Nutrition (PerMed-Nut) strategies. Most of the world's populations have descended from various ethnic groupings. Mexico's population has a tripartite ancestral background, consisting of Amerindian, European, and African lineages, which is common across Latin America's regional countries. The purpose of this review is to discuss the genetic and environmental components that could be incorporated into a PerMed-Nut model for metabolic-associated liver disease, viral hepatitis B and C, and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico. Additionally, the implementation of the PerMed-Nut approach will require updated medicine and nutrition education curricula. Training and equipping future health professionals and researchers with new clinical and investigative abilities focused on preventing liver illnesses in the field of genomic hepatology globally is a vision that clinicians and nutritionists should be concerned about.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Panduro
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sonia Roman
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Irene M. Mariscal-Martinez
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alexis Jose-Abrego
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karina Gonzalez-Aldaco
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Claudia Ojeda-Granados
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Luis A. Torres-Reyes
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Casas R. Dietary Pattern and Nutrients Intake on Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:3399. [PMID: 37571335 PMCID: PMC10420802 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, primarily affecting middle-aged men, and imposing a significant global public health burden [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Casas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEROBN) de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
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Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of food nutrients and potential mechanisms of action. Ann Hepatol 2022:100766. [PMID: 36179798 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in many parts of the world and is a significant cause of chronic liver damage and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV therapeutics vary according to the disease stage. The best therapeutic option for patients with end-stage liver disease is liver transplantation, while for chronic patients, HBV infection is commonly managed using antivirals (nucleos(t)ides analogs or interferons). However, due to the accessibility issues and the high cost of antivirals, most HBV patients do not have access to treatment. These complications have led researchers to reconsider treatment approaches, such as nutritional therapy. This review summarizes the nutrients reported to have antiviral activity against HBV and their possible mechanism of action. Recent studies suggest resveratrol, vitamin E, lactoferrin, selenium, curcumin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, moringa extracts, chlorogenic acid, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate may be beneficial for patients with hepatitis B. The anti-HBV effect of most of these nutrients has been analyzed in vitro and in animal models. Different antiviral and hepatoprotective mechanisms have been proposed for these nutrients, such as the activation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, epigenetic control, activation of the p53 gene, inhibition of oncogenes, inhibition of virus entry, and induction of autophagosomes. In conclusion, scientific evidence indicates that HBV replication, transcription, and expression of viral antigens can be affected directly by nutrients. In the future, these nutrients may be considered to develop appropriate nutritional management for patients with hepatitis B.
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Evaluating Dietary Patterns in Women from Southern Italy and Western Mexico. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081603. [PMID: 35458165 PMCID: PMC9027885 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional diets are known to be beneficial; however, both Italian and Mexican populations are gradually moving away from the Mediterranean and traditional Mexican diets. Since women play a key role in safeguarding dietary traditions and may reflect population dietary changes, we aimed to identify Italian and Mexican women’s current dietary patterns (DPs) and characterize their nutrient content. Cross-sectional analyses were separately conducted on two convenience samples of 811 women from Southern Italy and 215 women from Western Mexico. Food frequency questionnaires, 24 h recalls, and a principal component analysis (PCA) approach were used to derive a posteriori DPs. In Italian women, the first DP was characterized by the consumption of legumes, vegetables, and fish (8.8% of the total variance), while the second DP was characterized by snack foods, processed meats, and non-olive oils. In Mexican women, the first DP was characterized by the consumption of meats and processed foods (12.6% of the total variance), while the second DP by fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. In both populations, adhering to the DPs rich in healthy foods (i.e., fruits, vegetables, legumes, and fish) was associated with a higher quality of diet in terms on nutrient content. However, adherence to the Western-type DPs was more common among women of younger age (p < 0.035). Thus, more extraordinary efforts are needed in promoting each country’s traditional healthy diet, especially among the new generations.
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Liou JW, Mani H, Yen JH. Viral Hepatitis, Cholesterol Metabolism, and Cholesterol-Lowering Natural Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073897. [PMID: 35409259 PMCID: PMC8999150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is defined as inflammation of the liver; it can be acute or chronic. In chronic cases, the prolonged inflammation gradually damages the liver, resulting in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and sometimes liver failure or cancer. Hepatitis is often caused by viral infections. The most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five hepatitis viruses—hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). While HAV and HEV rarely (or do not) cause chronic hepatitis, a considerable proportion of acute hepatitis cases caused by HBV (sometimes co-infected with HDV) and HCV infections become chronic. Thus, many medical researchers have focused on the treatment of HBV and HCV. It has been documented that host lipid metabolism, particularly cholesterol metabolism, is required for the hepatitis viral infection and life cycle. Thus, manipulating host cholesterol metabolism-related genes and proteins is a strategy used in fighting the viral infections. Efforts have been made to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering drugs, particularly 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, in the treatment of hepatitis viral infections; promising results have been obtained. This review provides information on the relationships between hepatitis viruses and host cholesterol metabolism/homeostasis, as well as the discovery/development of cholesterol-lowering natural phytochemicals that could potentially be applied in the treatment of viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Hemalatha Mani
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-856-5301 (ext. 2683)
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Gomez-Quiroz LE, Roman S. Influence of genetic and environmental risk factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27 Suppl 1:100649. [PMID: 34902602 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2021.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The latest studies on the epidemiology of diverse types of cancers have located in the scene the relevance of liver tumors, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is a life-threatening malignancy triggered by chronic exposure to hepatitis B and C viruses, excessive alcohol intake, hepatic lipid droplet accumulation, and aflatoxins that lead to persistent liver damage. The occurrence of such etiological risk factors deeply marks the variability in the incidence of HCC worldwide reflected by geography, ethnicity, age, and lifestyle factors influenced by cultural aspects. New perspectives on the primary risk factors and their potential gene-environment interactions (GxE) have been well-addressed in some cancers; however, it continues to be a partially characterized issue in liver malignancies. In this review, the epidemiology of the risk factors for HCC are described enhancing the GxE interactions identified in Mexico, which could mark the risk of this liver malignancy among the population and the measures needed to revert them. Updated healthcare policies focusing on preventive care should be tailored based on the genetic and environmental risk factors, which may influence the effect of the etiological agents of HCC. Robust regional investigations related to epidemiological, clinical, and basic studies are warranted to understand this health problem complying with the rules of ethnic, genetic, environmental, and social diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Gomez-Quiroz
- Área de Medicina Experimental y Traslacional, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia Roman
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde," Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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