Association between Health-Related Physical Fitness and Risk of Dyslipidemia in University Staff: A Cross-Sectional Study and a ROC Curve Analysis

Body composition in second trimester is associated with dyslipidemia in third trimester

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between maternal body composition during the second trimester and the occurrence of dyslipidemia in the third trimester.

METHODS

A cohort of 1508 pregnant women who underwent antenatal testing at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, were included in this study. Maternal body composition was assessed using bioimpedance analysis between 14 and 22 weeks of gestation.

RESULTS

Among the 1508 participants, a total of 1420 individuals (94.2%) were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. Notably, there were significant differences in body composition between the normal lipid group and the dyslipidemia group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that various factors including BMI, total body water (TBW), intra-cellular water (ICW), extra-cellular water (ECW), percent body fat (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), fat-free mass (FFM) and arm circumference (AC) during the second trimester were all found to be associated with dyslipidemia in the third trimester.

CONCLUSION

The present study found that maternal body composition was associated with dyslipidemia. The BMI, TBW, ICW, ECW, PBF, VFA, FFM and AC in second trimester were associated with dyslipidemia in third trimester.

Predicting the 10-year incidence of dyslipidemia based on novel anthropometric indices, using data mining

BACKGROUND

The aim was to establish a 10-year dyslipidemia incidence model, investigating novel anthropometric indices using exploratory regression and data mining.

METHODS

This data mining study was conducted on people who were diagnosed with dyslipidemia in phase 2 (n = 1097) of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) study, who were compared with healthy people in this phase (n = 679). The association of dyslipidemia with several novel anthropometric indices including Conicity Index (C-Index), Body Roundness Index (BRI), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), Abdominal Volume Index (AVI), Weight-Adjusted-Waist Index (WWI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Adiposity Index (BAI) and Body Surface Area (BSA) was evaluated. Logistic Regression (LR) and Decision Tree (DT) analysis were utilized to evaluate the association. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of DT were assessed through the performance of a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve using R software.

RESULTS

A total of 1776 subjects without dyslipidemia during phase 1 were followed up in phase 2 and enrolled into the current study. The AUC of models A and B were 0.69 and 0.63 among subjects with dyslipidemia, respectively. VAI has been identified as a significant predictor of dyslipidemias (OR: 2.81, (95% CI: 2.07, 3.81)) in all models. Moreover, the DT showed that VAI followed by BMI and LAP were the most critical variables in predicting dyslipidemia incidence.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the results, model A had an acceptable performance for predicting 10 years of dyslipidemia incidence. Furthermore, the VAI, BMI, and LAP were the principal anthropometric factors for predicting dyslipidemia incidence by LR and DT models.

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among university academic staff and students in Bangladesh

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia is one of the important contributors to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. There is little or no information on dyslipidemia among academic staff and students in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors related to dyslipidemia among university academic staff and students in Bangladesh.

METHODS

A total of 533 participants (302 academic staff and 231 students) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A simple random sampling technique was used to enrol the participants. Fasting blood samples were obtained from the participants, and serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured using the standard methods. Dyslipidemia was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP-III) model guideline. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors related to lipid marker abnormalities.

RESULTS

Overall, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 81.5%, of which 85% was in staff and 76.5% in students. A significant difference was found in the prevalence of dyslipidemia between males and females only in the student group (p < 0.01). Among staff, hypertriglyceridemia prevalence was 49.7%, hypercholesterolemia 23%, high LDL-C 24.7% and low HDL-C 77.3%. On the other hand, hypertriglyceridemia prevalence was 39%, hypercholesterolemia 25.6%, high LDL-C 26.5% and low HDL-C 69.3% among students. The most common lipid abnormality was low HDL-C in both groups. The prevalence of mixed dyslipidemia was 14.2% and 14.1% in staff and students, respectively. According to the regression analysis, increased age, obesity, diabetes, and inadequate physical activity were significantly associated with dyslipidemia.

CONCLUSIONS

Dyslipidemia was prevalent among the majority of the study participants. Increased age, obesity, diabetes, and inadequate physical activity were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. The study's results highlight the importance of implementing interventions to address the associated risk factors of dyslipidemia among academic staff and students in Bangladesh.

Effects of different exercise modalities on lipid profile in the elderly population: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), has long been recognized as a major risk factor for age-related diseases. Recent studies have shown that exercise can be effective in mitigating dyslipidemia in older adults. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the effects of different exercise modalities (aerobic exercise [AE], resistance exercise [RE], aerobic+resistance exercise [AE+RE], and high-intensity interval training) on lipid profile in the elderly population, in order to identify the most effective exercise modality for maintaining lipid profile health in older adults.

METHODS

A comprehensive database search of PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database. Eligible studies were individually assessed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2, and the data were analyzed and processed using RevMan 5.4.1 analysis software.

RESULTS

This study identified 20 randomized controlled trials with a total of 988 subjects, of which 541 were in the exercise group and 447 in the control group. Our analysis showed that AE significantly reduced TC (P < .05), triglycerides (P < .01), and LDL-C (P < .01), while increasing HDL-C (P < .01) in the elderly population. RE significantly reduced the elevation of TC (P < .01) and LDL-C (P < .05) indices in the elderly population, while AE+RE had a significant effect on decreasing TC (P < .01) and LDL-C (P < .01) indices.

CONCLUSION

Our analysis indicates that AE is the most effective exercise modality for reducing dyslipidemia in older adults, compared to RE, AE+RE, and high-intensity interval training. These findings suggest that AE should be promoted as an important lifestyle intervention to improve lipid profile health in the elderly population. However, further research is needed to investigate the optimal duration, frequency, and intensity of AE required to achieve the most beneficial effects on lipid profile health in older adults.

Prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidemia in Bangladeshi adults

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia is one of the modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidemia in Bangladeshi adults.

METHODS

A total of 603 participants aged ≥ 18 years were recruited in the study. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were analyzed using enzymatic colorimetric methods. Dyslipidemia was defined based on serum lipids levels following the standard guidelines by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate risk factors associated with dyslipidemia.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 89% with no significant difference between male (90.1%) and female (85.7) subjects. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 51.7%, hypercholesterolemia 41.6%, high LDL 43.9% and low HDL 78.8%. When participants were classified into healthy control, hypertensive and diabetic groups, the lipid levels and prevalence of lipid abnormalities were higher in hypertensive and diabetic groups compared to the control group. Low HDL level was the main prevalent dyslipidemia among study subjects. The prevalence of isolated hypertriglyceridemia, isolated hypercholesterolemia, and isolated low HDL-C was 24.7%, 14.7%, and 25.5%, respectively. Mixed hyperlipidemia was prevalent in 26.9% of the participants. According to the logistic regression analysis, significant associated factors of dyslipidemia were increased age, overweight, general and abdominal obesity, hypertension, diabetes and inadequate physical activity.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in Bangladeshi adults. Important risk factors of dyslipidemia are increased age, overweight, general and abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension and low physical activity. Our results suggest that awareness-raising programs are required to prevent and control dyslipidemia among Bangladeshi adults.

Longitudinal Association between Physical Activity, Blood Lipids, and Risk of Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Surveys in 2009 and 2015

Physical activity is needed in today’s highly sedentary society. Research into Chinese trends with respect to the longitudinal association between changes in physical activity (PA) and dyslipidemia (DL) is limited. The present study assessed PA and PA-related changes associated with the level of serum lipids, and the risk of dyslipidemia stratified by gender, via a population-based longitudinal observational study among adults (>18 years old) residing in nine provinces in China. Data of 3380 adult participants, gleaned from two surveys in 2009 and 2015 used by the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), were analyzed. Three-level random intercept growth models were used to calculate the associations between total physical activity (TPA), the four activity subtypes, and changes in the level of blood lipids. Three-level logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between TPA and the risk of DL. The highest level of TPA was observed to correlate with the lowest prevalence of DL. Compared with the lowest level of TPA, the highest level of TPA increases the concentration of HDL-C (β = 0.050, 95% CI = 0.005, 0.096) in males, and also reduces the risk in males of having low HDL-C by 31% (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52, 0.91). Occupational PA was positively associated with higher HDL-C levels in both genders (males: β = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.007; females: β = 0.002, 95% CI = 0.000, 0.004), and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was negatively associated with TG levels in males. Increasing TPA benefited HDL-C levels in males, irrespective of the level of basic TPA of individuals. Physical activity (especially occupational PA) was superior in positively influencing HDL-C in males, but not in females. Leisure-time physical activity needs to be increased substantially in order to increase TPA to levels that would be beneficial to blood lipid levels and DL, irrespective of baseline TPA levels.