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Agostinacchio F, Biada E, Gambari L, Grassi F, Bucciarelli A, Motta A. Surfactant-assisted photo-crosslinked silk fibroin sponges: A versatile platform for the design of bone scaffolds. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213887. [PMID: 38735199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Critical size bone defects cannot heal without aid and current clinical approaches exhibit some limitations, underling the need for novel solutions. Silk fibroin, derived from silkworms, is widely utilized in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to its remarkable properties, making it a promising candidate for bone tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo. However, the clinical translation of silk-based materials requires refinements in 3D architecture, stability, and biomechanical properties. In earlier research, improved mechanical resistance and stability of chemically crosslinked methacrylate silk fibroin (Sil-Ma) sponges over physically crosslinked counterparts were highlighted. Furthermore, the influence of photo-initiator and surfactant concentrations on silk properties was investigated. However, the characterization of sponges with Sil-Ma solution concentrations above 10 % (w/V) was hindered by production optimization challenges, with only cell viability assessed. This study focuses on the evaluation of methacrylate sponges' suitability as temporal bone tissue regeneration scaffolds. Sil-Ma sponge fabrication at a fixed concentration of 20 % (w/V) was optimized and the impact of photo-initiator (LAP) concentrations and surfactant (Tween 80) presence/absence was studied. Their effects on pore formation, silk secondary structure, mechanical properties, and osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs were investigated. We demonstrated that, by tuning silk sponges' composition, the optimal combination boosted osteogenic gene expression, offering a strategy to tailor biomechanical properties for effective bone regeneration. Utilizing Design of Experiment (DoE), correlations between sponge composition, porosity, and mechanical properties are established, guiding tailored material outcomes. Additionally, correlation matrices elucidate the microstructure's influence on gene expressions, providing insights for personalized approaches in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Agostinacchio
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Material Science and Technology, Florence, Italy; BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elisa Biada
- BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Motta
- BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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Sah DK, Arjunan A, Park SY, Lee B, Jung YD. Sulforaphane Inhibits IL-1β-Induced IL-6 by Suppressing ROS Production, AP-1, and STAT3 in Colorectal Cancer HT-29 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:406. [PMID: 38671854 PMCID: PMC11047376 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as a major cause of cancer-related mortality globally, accounting for approximately 881,000 deaths each year. Traditional approaches such as chemotherapy and surgery have been the primary treatment modalities, yet the outcomes for patients with metastatic CRC are often unsatisfactory. Recent research has focused on targeting the pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metastasis to enhance the survival of CRC patients. Within this context, sulforaphane (SFN), a notable phytochemical found predominantly in cruciferous vegetables, has been recognized as a potential anticancer agent. However, the specific mechanisms through which SFN may exert its chemopreventive effects in CRC remain unclear. This study explores the impact of SFN on IL-1β-induced IL-6 activation and MAPK and AP-1 signaling in HT-29 cells. Our findings reveal that SFN treatment not only diminishes IL-1β-stimulated IL-6 expression but also reduces oxidative stress by curtailing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, it hinders the proliferation and invasiveness of HT-29 cells through the modulation of MAPK/AP-1 and STAT3 signaling pathways. These results indicate that SFN mitigates IL-1β-induced IL-6 expression in CRC cells by attenuating ROS production and disrupting MAPK/AP-1 signaling. This suggests that SFN holds significant potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for both treating and preventing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Archana Arjunan
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Seon Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bora Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Young Do Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
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Harvey F, Aromokunola B, Montaut S, Yang G. The Antioxidant Properties of Glucosinolates in Cardiac Cells Are Independent of H 2S Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:696. [PMID: 38255773 PMCID: PMC10815443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The organic sulfur-containing compounds glucosinolates (GSLs) and the novel gasotransmitter H2S are known to have cardioprotective effects. This study investigated the antioxidant effects and H2S-releasing potential of three GSLs ((3E)-4-(methylsulfanyl)but-3-enyl GSL or glucoraphasatin, 4-hydroxybenzyl GSL or glucosinalbin, and (RS)-6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl GSL or glucohesperin) in rat cardiac cells. It was found that all three GSLs had no effect on cardiac cell viability but were able to protect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cell death. NaHS, a H2S donor, also protected the cells from H2O2-stimulated oxidative stress and cell death. The GSLs alone or mixed with cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, H2O2, iron and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, or mouse liver lysates did not induce H2S release. The addition of GSLs also did not alter endogenous H2S levels in cardiac cells. H2O2 significantly induced cysteine oxidation in the cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) protein and inhibited the H2S production rate. In conclusion, this study found that the three tested GSLs protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress and cell death but independently of H2S signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Harvey
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Boluwaji Aromokunola
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Sabine Montaut
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Guangdong Yang
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Bogdanis GC, Giannaki CD. Dietary Supplements and Musculoskeletal Health and Function. Nutrients 2023; 15:4404. [PMID: 37892478 PMCID: PMC10610094 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue of Nutrients 'Dietary Supplements and Musculoskeletal Health and Function' provides new insights into the use of a wide range of dietary supplements, such as zinc, creatine, Vitamin D, HMB, BCAA, betaine, glucoraphanin, citrulline and collagen, to improve bone and muscle structure and function [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory C. Bogdanis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237 Athens, Greece
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Beneficial Effect of H 2S-Releasing Molecules in an In Vitro Model of Sarcopenia: Relevance of Glucoraphanin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115955. [PMID: 35682634 PMCID: PMC9180606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a gradual and generalized skeletal muscle (SKM) syndrome, characterized by the impairment of muscle components and functionality. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), endogenously formed within the body from the activity of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine- β-synthase (CBS), and mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, is involved in SKM function. Here, in an in vitro model of sarcopenia based on damage induced by dexamethasone (DEX, 1 μM, 48 h treatment) in C2C12-derived myotubes, we investigated the protective potential of exogenous and endogenous sources of H2S, i.e., glucoraphanin (30 μM), L-cysteine (150 μM), and 3-mercaptopyruvate (150 μM). DEX impaired the H2S signalling in terms of a reduction in CBS and CSE expression and H2S biosynthesis. Glucoraphanin and 3-mercaptopyruvate but not L-cysteine prevented the apoptotic process induced by DEX. In parallel, the H2S-releasing molecules reduced the oxidative unbalance evoked by DEX, reducing catalase activity, O2− levels, and protein carbonylation. Glucoraphanin, 3-mercaptopyruvate, and L-cysteine avoided the changes in myotubes morphology and morphometrics after DEX treatment. In conclusion, in an in vitro model of sarcopenia, an impairment in CBS/CSE/H2S signalling occurs, whereas glucoraphanin, a natural H2S-releasing molecule, appears more effective for preventing the SKM damage. Therefore, glucoraphanin supplementation could be an innovative therapeutic approach in the management of sarcopenia.
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Gambari L, Grigolo B, Grassi F. Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937956. [PMID: 36187121 PMCID: PMC9521401 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive decline of bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture are hallmarks of the bone aging. The resulting increase in bone fragility is the leading cause of bone fractures, a major cause of disability. As the frontline pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis suffer from low patients' adherence and occasional side effects, the importance of diet regimens for the prevention of excessive bone fragility has been increasingly recognized. Indeed, certain diet components have been already associated to a reduced fracture risk. Organosulfur compounds are a broad class of molecules containing sulfur. Among them, several molecules of potential therapeutic interest are found in edible plants belonging to the Allium and Brassica botanical genera. Polysulfides derived from Alliaceae and isothiocyanates derived from Brassicaceae hold remarkable nutraceutical potential as anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vasorelaxant and hypolipemic. Some of these effects are linked to the ability to release the gasotrasmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Recent preclinical studies have investigated the effect of organosulfur compounds in bone wasting and metabolic bone diseases, revealing a strong potential to preserve skeletal health by exerting cytoprotection and stimulating the bone forming activity by osteoblasts and attenuating bone resorption by osteoclasts. This review is intended for revising evidence from preclinical and epidemiological studies on the skeletal effects of organosulfur molecules of dietary origin, with emphasis on the direct regulation of bone cells by plant-derived polysulfides, glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Moreover, we highlight the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the biological role of these compounds and revise the importance of the so-called 'H2S-system' on the regulation of bone homeostasis.
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