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Wadood A, Hameed A, Akram S, Ghaffar M. Unraveling the impact of water deficit stress on nutritional quality and defense response of tomato genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1403895. [PMID: 38957600 PMCID: PMC11217520 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1403895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Water deficit stress triggers various physiological and biochemical changes in plants, substantially affecting both overall plant defense response and thus nutritional quality of tomatoes. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant defense response and nutritional quality of different tomato genotypes under water deficit stress. In this study, six tomato genotypes were used and subjected to water deficit stress by withholding water for eight days under glass house conditions. Various physiological parameters from leaves and biochemical parameters from tomato fruits were measured to check the effect of antioxidant defense response and nutritional value. Multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) was used for the selection of genotypes with improved defense response and nutritional value under water deficit stress condition. Results indicated that all physiological parameters declined under stress conditions compared to the control. Notably, NBH-362 demonstrated resilience to water deficit stress, improving both defense response and nutritional quality which is evident by an increase in proline (16.91%), reducing sugars (20.15%), total flavonoids (10.43%), superoxide dismutase (24.65%), peroxidase (14.7%), and total antioxidant capacity (29.9%), along with a decrease in total oxidant status (4.38%) under stress condition. Overall, the findings suggest that exposure to water deficit stress has the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of tomatoes. However, the degree of this enhancement is contingent upon the distinct genetic characteristics of various tomato genotypes. Furthermore, the promising genotype (NBH-362) identified in this study holds potential for future utilization in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Wadood
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saba Akram
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Ghaffar
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Manocchio F, Morales D, Navarro-Masip E, Aragonès G, Torres-Fuentes C, Bravo FI, Muguerza B. Photoperiod-Dependent Effects on Blood Biochemical Markers of Phenolic-Enriched Fruit Extracts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13111-13124. [PMID: 38811015 PMCID: PMC11181326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Fruits are rich in bioactive compounds, such as (poly)phenols, and their intake is associated with health benefits, although recent animal studies have suggested that the photoperiod of consumption influences their properties. Fruit loss and waste are critical issues that can be reduced by obtaining functional fruit extracts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain phenolic-enriched extracts from eight seasonal fruits that can modulate blood biochemical parameters and to investigate whether their effects depend on the photoperiod of consumption. Eight ethanol-based extracts were obtained and characterized, and their effects were studied in F344 rats exposed to short (6 h light, L6) and long (18 h light) photoperiods. Cherry and apricot extracts decreased blood triacylglyceride levels only when consumed under the L6 photoperiod. Pomegranate, grape, and orange extracts reduced cholesterol and fasting glucose levels during the L6 photoperiod; however, plum extract reduced fasting glucose levels only during the L18 photoperiod. The results showed the importance of photoperiod consumption in the effectiveness of phenolic-enriched fruit extracts and promising evidence regarding the use of some of the developed fruit extracts as potential functional ingredients for the management of several blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Manocchio
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Diego Morales
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elia Navarro-Masip
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center
of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center
of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center
of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, Institut d’Investigació
Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center
of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), University Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Do You Have Problems When Reproducing Bioactivities of Food or Food Components? The Importance of Biological Rhythms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214607. [DOI: 10.3390/nu14214607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
With the onset of omics sciences, in the 20th century, nutritional studies evolved to investigate the effects of diet at a molecular level, giving rise to nutritional genomics, which includes both nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics [...]
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The Effects of Differentiated Organic Fertilization on Tomato Production and Phenolic Content in Traditional and High-Yielding Varieties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112127. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of sustainable agriculture is to increase yields and obtain higher quality products. Increased antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols in harvest products may be an added value for sustainable agriculture. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether three organic fertilization treatments with different levels of carbon and nitrogen, i.e., N-rich, N-rich+C, and N-poor+C, affected the phenolic content of different tomato varieties. The examined parameters were productivity, plant nutritional status, δ13C, and tomato phenolic content as an indication of the antioxidant capacity. The best production was obtained with ‘Cornabel’, a high-yielding Pebroter variety. The total phenolic content was highest in the traditional ‘Cuban Pepper’ variety regardless of treatment, while naringenin levels were high in all the Pebroter varieties. In N-poor+C fertilized plants, a lower N-NO3 content in leaves was correlated with higher levels of total polyphenols in the fruit. The high-water stress suffered by Montserrat varieties coincided with a low total phenolic content in the tomatoes. In conclusion, organic fertilization with reduced N did not influence the tomato yield but positively affected phenolic compound levels in varieties less sensitive to water stress.
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