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Jiang Q, Huang X, Wang Z, Dai X, Li R, Cui D. Regional differences of physical fitness and overweight and obesity prevalence among college students before and after COVID-19 pandemic since the "double first-class" initiative in China. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1252270. [PMID: 38249415 PMCID: PMC10796554 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1252270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physical fitness has been widely recognized as a powerful marker of health in children and adolescents, and it negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, known as the "Double First-Class" Initiative (DFC), is a major commitment made by the Chinese government to adapt to changes in the educational environment, both domestically and internationally, in order to promote the development and practice of international higher education. The aim of the study was to look deep into the regional differences of physical fitness and overweight and obesity prevalence among college students before and after the COVID-19 pandemic since the DFC. Methods The original physical fitness parameters of students from 10 DFC universities and colleges in Central South China were downloaded from the official website of Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Database (CNSPFD) and then divided into 3 groups based on the pandemic periods: pre-pandemic (2019), the first year after pandemic outbreak (2020), and the second year after pandemic outbreak (2021). All the data were stored in Excel 2010, analyzed by SPSS 17.0, and plotted with ArcGIS 10.4. Results The total "fail" percentage (from 9.19% in 2019 to 12.94% in 2021) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys (from 22.53 to 29.25% in 2021) exhibited a continuous increase year by year, and among all the physical fitness indicators the score of strength in boys and endurance quality in all individuals were the lowest in overweight and obesity groups. Students with 'fail' rate developed from northern and northeastern province to southern areas from 2019 to 2021. For grade 2019th, overweight and obesity students who also failed the test had covered nationwide and the most affected areas including northeast, east, as well as central north in senior year. The distribution of overall fitness assessments in Hubei province was in accordance with the national data, and the overall scoring growths in both class of 2021st and 2022nd were measured with a negative increase (p < 0.01). Conclusion The government and related functional departments should take into consideration the student regional sources, especially in western and northeast regions of China, and school polices and physical education (PE) teachers should pay more attention to put training efforts on endurance for all adolescents and strength for boys and the group of overweight and obesity who also failed in the standard test, when designing specific interventions to promote physical health and counteract the negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Students’ Physical Fitness Test Data Management Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Students’ Physical Fitness Test Data Management Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuoliang Wang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Students’ Physical Fitness Test Data Management Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinghong Dai
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rongxuan Li
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Cui
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yang J, Li J, Lv R, Wang X, Zheng C, Gu Y, Zhang M. Analyzing the epidemic situation and influencing factors of childhood pneumonia during the COVID-19 epidemic period in Laiwu, China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35052. [PMID: 37657011 PMCID: PMC10476834 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the trends of childhood pneumonia before and after the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Laiwu, China, and explore the associated risk factors to provide a reference for the prevention, control, and treatment of childhood pneumonia. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 11,716 children aged 3 to 12 years who underwent chest radiography/computed tomography from January 2018 to December 2021 in Laiwu, China. The generalized estimating equation model was used to analyze the time trend of the pneumonia detection rate. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for pneumonia in children. The overall pneumonia detection rate was 40.3% (4721/11,716). The pneumonia detection rate was 41.5% and 39.5% in 2018 and 2019, respectively, before the COVID-19 pandemic, which decreased to 38.1% in 2020 during the pandemic and increased to 40.7% in 2021 after the pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth (odds ratio [OR] = 1.68), frequent exposure to secondhand smoke (OR = 1.79), hospitalization ≥ 1 time in half a year (OR = 2.13), and history of allergic rhinitis (OR = 2.14) were risk factors for pneumonia in children. Wearing masks when outdoors (OR = 0.89) and engaging in regular physical activity (OR = 0.65) were protective factors. The pneumonia detection rate in children showed a decreasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 but an increasing trend after the pandemic in 2021. Premature birth, exposure to secondhand smoke, frequent hospitalization, and allergic rhinitis were risk factors for pneumonia in children. Wearing masks when outdoors and exercising may reduce the risk of pneumonia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimei Yang
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junqing Li
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiliang Lv
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunfeng Zheng
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Li R, Li T, Xie Y, Zhai S, Qu Y, Zhang D, Zou L, Yang Y, Wu X, Tao F, Tao S. Smartphone Use and Inflammation at 2-Year Follow-Up in College Students: The Mediating Role of Physical Activity. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1509-1519. [PMID: 37138701 PMCID: PMC10150736 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s411043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Smartphone use could lead to being physically inactive and a greater risk for health problems, such as inflammation. However, the associations between smartphone use, physical activity (PA), and systemic low-grade inflammation remained unclear. This study aimed to examine the potential mediating effect of PA on the association between smartphone use and inflammation. Patients and Methods A two-year follow-up study was conducted between April 2019 and April 2021. Duration of smartphone use, smartphone dependence and PA were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Laboratory analysis of blood samples was performed to evaluate the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and CRP as biomarkers of systemic inflammation. The correlations between smartphone use, PA, and inflammation were analyzed using Pearson correlation. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the potential mediating effect of PA on the associations between smartphone use and inflammation. Results A total of 210 participants were included with a mean (standard deviation) age of 18.7 (1.0) years, 82 (39%) of whom were males. Smartphone dependence was negatively associated with the total PA level (r=-0.18, P<0.01). PA mediated the associations between the duration of smartphone use and smartphone dependence with inflammatory markers. Specifically, as PA decreased, the duration of smartphone use was more negatively associated with TNF-α (ab=-0.027; 95% CI: -0.052, -0.007) and more positively correlated to IL-6 (ab=0.020; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.046) and CRP (ab=0.038; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.086); smartphone dependency was more negatively associated with TNF-α (ab=-0.139; 95% CI: -0.288, -0.017) and more positively related to CRP (ab=0.206; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.421). Conclusion Our study illustrates that there are no direct associations between smartphone use and systemic low-grade inflammation, however, PA level plays a weak but significant mediating effect on the associations between smartphone use and inflammation among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhai
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwei Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuman Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuman Tao, Email
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